case studies in energy independence

Case Studies in Energy Independence

2013 TAUD March 14, 2013

David Wrightsman, P.E.Energy Systems Group

[email protected]

2013 TAUDGatlinburg, TN

Agenda

• So What?• WEF Roadmap• The Path• Examples• Wrap-up


So What?

A. Economics– Need to control rate increases– Uncertain future electric prices

B. Communities need environmental leaders– Demonstrate tangible examples

C. Move thinking from disposal to recovery– Find other sources of revenue– Challenge accepted thoughts

Why should I care about this?Why should I do something different?


WEF Roadmap

1. Strategic Management 2. Organizational Culture3. Communication and Outreach 4. Demand Side Management5. Energy Generation 6. Innovating for the Future

Roadmap Webcast: http://www.wef.org/Conferences/page_webcasts_details.aspx?id=12884902061http://www.wef.org/WorkArea/linkit.aspx?LinkIdentifier=id&ItemID=12884902042&libID=12884902042

http://www.wef.org/Conferences/page_webcasts_details.aspx?id=12884902061



http://www.wef.org/WorkArea/linkit.aspx?LinkIdentifier=id&ItemID=12884902042&libID=12884902042

http://www.wef.org/WorkArea/linkit.aspx?LinkIdentifier=id&ItemID=12884902042&libID=12884902042


The Roadmap

Levels- Enabling

- Integrating- Optimizing

1 – Strategic Management

2 – Organizational

Culture

3 – Communication

Outreach

4 – Demand Side

Management

5 – Energy Generation

6 – Innovating for the Future


The Path

1 - Operational

2 - DSM

3 - Generation

Energy sustainability is achieved through a combination of advancements in technical and organizational aspects of a utility.


The 3 C’s of Technology Adoption

Crazy Cool Conventional


The Challenge of Optimization

What we want

What is efficient

What we have


First Steps

A. Complete energy baselineB. Do an energy auditC. Develop list of energy conservation measuresD. Prioritize list

i. At the end of their useful lifeii. Inefficient as compared to current techiii. Expensive maintenance

E. Implement

1

Benchmark

• Benchmark– Compare to

other similar plants

– Look at:• Kwh/mgd• Kwh/pounds

of BOD

0500

1,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,0004,500

Lagoon TricklingFilter

ActivatedSludge

OxidationDitch

kWh

/ MG

EPRI CEC Report CR-104300, July, 1994, Figure 3-1


Plan

DoCheck


How to Prioritize

Complexity

Simple Payback

#1 - Simple, fast payback

Self Perform

#2 - Complex, fast payback

Get Help

#3 - Simple, long payback

Planned replacement

#4 - Complex, Long payback

Do last


Lo cost/No Cost

• Examples:– Timers on light switches, blowers– Why that dose of chemicals?– Rate analysis, other fees– Talk to your electric utility (transformers, multiple

meters)– Measure, adjust - repeat– Collaborate

1

Use fresh eyes.


Demand Side Management

Funding for DSM Projects?A. Utility rebates

A. (insert TVA details?)

B. Federal grant programsC. Annual appropriationsD. Energy Savings Performance ContractsE. Public Private Agreements (PPA)

2


What is it?

• Performance contracting is alternative procurement that offers– Capital improvements without rate

increases– Collaborative development– Guaranteed results

2


Who does what?

• One party providing all engineering and construction including financing

• Intent is to improve infrastructure to improve energy efficiency while reducing operating costs

• Guaranteedo Savings, Performance, Price.

• Savings offset costso Energy & Operational

• Qualification Based Selection

2


Tennessee LegislationEnergy Savings Performance Contracts

• Tennessee (no specific legislation)

§12-4-115. Energy-related services

§12-4-106 Contracts for Professional Services• Treated as a professional service• Use Request for Qualifications (RFQ)

2


Performance Contract

Construction Start Up

Design60% –> 90%

RFQ

Contract - ESCO(Project Development)

Project Scope Development(30% Design)

Contract - ESCO(Energy Performance Contract)

Final Price

0 months

12 months

24 months

36 months

48 months

2


$520,000$540,000$560,000$580,000$600,000$620,000$640,000

After 6 Years

GuaranteeActual

City of Winchester, Indiana

• Fine bubble diffusers• Variable Speed PD Blowers• DO Control• $0.9M project• 12 year payback

2 MGD Wastewater Plant

2


Washington Suburban Sanitary DistrictPotomoc, MD

• Rebuild (6) 50 MGD Raw water pump

• Recondition (6) 2000 hp motors

• Metering for 25 smaller pumps• $6.3M Project• 8 year payback

285 MGD Water Filtration Plant

2


Energy Baseline Study For Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants, September 2006 (Base Energy Inc)

Technology (99 plant sample size)

# of Plants

Percentage

Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) 60 61 %

VFD Applications

Pumps 55 56 %Blowers 12 12 %Compressors 3 3 %Other 13 13 %

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Sensors 29 29 %Advanced Instrumentation/ SCADA systems

47 47 %

High Efficiency Lighting 32 32 %Solar Aerators or Mixers 4 4 %High Efficiency Blowers 13 13 %Variable Intensity or UV Lamps 4 4 %Pipe Internal Friction Reducing Coating 9 9 %Screw Press for Sludge Dewatering 3 3 %Centrifuge for Sludge Dewatering 12 12 %Other 11 11 %

2


Energy Generation

Digester Gas?

SolarWindHydro

Produce Electricity

?

RemoveCO2?

Direct Burn Boiler

EngineTurbineFuel Cell

Sterling Engine

Pipeline InjectionVehicle (CNG or LNG)

NO

NO NO

YES

YES YES

Energy Generation Decision Tree

Other Considerations:• Regulatory• Interconnection• Utility Rates• Co-digestion• Site

3


Electrical Generation

• What is the relative cost of power?

3

Coal Solar Wind CHP - Nat Gas Biogas0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

$/kW

h


Frederick Winchester Sanitary Agency Winchester, VA

• Anaerobic Digesters• Turbo Blowers• New Biosolids Dewatering• Co-digestion – Industrial

organic waste

$35 Million dollar project

20 MGD Wastewater

3

biosolids HSWDigester


3 New Primary Switchgear

New blowers & Dewatering

New aeration & controls

New Lighting, HVAC, Controls & Water Treatment

New chemical automation

New sludge storage mixing

New digesters, receiving stations, CHP Plant

Sludge storage mixing


Frederick Winchester Service Authority3Combined Heater & Power, Anaerobic Digesters


Collaboration

Engineer

Contractor

OperatorsVendors

Administration

3


Strategic Energy Master Plan

Supply Utilization

Information

Alternatives

Utilities Projects Programs Financing

GasElectric

Water/Sewer

Asset Modernization

Energy Projects

AuditingModelingTraining

Outsourcing

GrantsLeasesProject

FinancingESPC

Year 1 Electric tariff Change

Lighting Retrofit

Staff training on energy SCADA utilization System modeling

Self funding

Year 2 Natural gas open market

Biolsolids handling

Process optimization

Capital project for energy setup in rate

Year 3 Change primary voltage

Cogeneration Outside Engineering

Bond

Year 4 - Solar Energy Outside Engineering

Energy Grant


Other ideas

• Data– Data gathering is labor intensive– How to automate it?

• Modeling– What if analysis– Simple spreadsheets

• Operator Training– Gap analysis– Energy conservation– Self-perform work

• Outsourcing– When to get help?


Wrap-up

• Economics– Roadmap gives a step by step approach– Change is hard but necessary

• Environmental leaders– Collaborate

• Change thinking– Start small and build up


Reference Info

• Energy Information Agency (Eia.gov)• WEF – Energy Conservation MOP• National Association of Energy Service

Companies - NAESCO

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=h4aCy9GAVuuDJM&tbnid=-MhXjXbVpON8cM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.shopping.com/Book_Energy_Conservation_in_Water_and_Wastewater_Facilities_Mop_31_Water_Environment_Federation/info&ei=s_s1UcDHFIWzywGv94DAAg&bvm=bv.43148975,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNGNpuw3RfuRhgItH2dF_nWu4dlYAQ&ust=1362578735742691


Questions?

David Wrightsman, P.E.Energy Systems Group

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

case studies in energy independence

Documents