Caring for the blind

blindness

• Blindness is the inability to see.according to WHO ‘ blindness is the visual field of around 5 degrees

• The cause of the blindness includes:1. Catarct2. Diabetic retinopathy3. Corneal opacity4. Macular degeneration5. Vitamin A deficiency etc.

blindness

• Blindness is both avoidable and unavoidable.Avoidable blindness:• It includes all those causes which when corrected

will not lead t blindness such as correcting refractive error,catarct,trachoma.

Unavoidable blindness:It includes thoses causes that cannot be prevented

even with the help of treatment or other correction such as retinitis pigmentosa, macular degeneration etc.

Low vision

• According to WHO ‘ A person with low vision is the one who has the impairment of visual functioning even after standard refractive correction and has a visual acuity of less than 6/18 to light perception or a visual field less then 10 degrees and who is potentionally able to use this vision for the planning and execution of the tasks

Causes of low vision

• Diabetic retinopathy• Refractive errors• Catarct• Age related macular degeneration• Glaucoma• Retinitis pigmentosa• Corneal opacities• Trachoma etc.

Care guidelines for the blind.

• Keep all areas well it.many visually impaired people do have some working vision,especially if there is enough light,

• Keep walk ways clear.• Keep the floor clear of clothing,furniture and

otheritems that a visually impaired person may trip over.

Care guidlenes for blind.

• Do not move furniture.people with visual impairements map out their environment so that they can move around safely.

• Keep things organized .keep things in their place also prevents accidents.

• Keep drawers and cabinets closed. A partially open cabinet or drawer creats a dangerous obstacles.

Care guidelines for blinds

• Mark stairs and doors with contrasting colors.of the person ha some working vision,the colors will make the outlines of the stair or a door easier to see.

• Announce your arrival and departure.as you enter a room ,let the person know you are there;when you leave ,say you are going.

Announce your presence if you are already in the room when the blind person enters.

Care guidelines for blinds

• Let the person initiate touch if he wants you to somewhere .

• Walk one step ahead when leading.

Specialized services for blind and visually impaired

• Talking products: talking calculators ,clocks , watches etc.

• Come and go safely with a long cane or dong guide.

• Use computers with speech synthesizers or large-print displays.

• Take care of their homes and personals needs using specially designed techniques.