carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · carbon recycling technologies based on...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Carbon recycling technologies
based on microbial electrochemistry
Souichiro Kato
2019 Dec. 18
Bioproduction Research Institute (BPRI),
Natl. Inst. of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST)
Working Group #4
Sustainable resources circulation for global environment
Division of Applied Bioscience, Hokkaido Univ.
Moonshot Intl. Symposium
Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka Univ.
1
![Page 2: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Microbiology for carbon cycling
Geneticengineering
Metabolicengineering
Evolutionaryengineering
Synthetic biology Systems biology
Information technology
etc.etc.
(Micro)biology
Artificial intelligence
Big data science
Electrochemistry Materials science
2
![Page 3: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Schubert C., Nature. 441: 277-279 (2006)
Microbial electrochemistry
Electrochemically active microorganisms:
acquire energy by electron transfer reaction with conductive solid materials
Nu
mb
er
of
art
icle
s
Number of articles contain the term“extracellular electron transfer”
3
![Page 4: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Use electric current
(i.e. free electrons in conductors)
as an energy source
Electricity Consumers
e-
H2O
O2
ATP
Current
Discard surplus electrons as
electric current
(i.e. free electrons in conductors)
e-
Organics
CO2
Conductive
materials
ATP
Current
Electricity Generators
Electrochemically active microorganisms
Conductive
materials
4
![Page 5: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Application of electricity generators
NEDO research project (2009-2015)
■m3-scale pilot reactor
Microbial fuel cells (MFC)
■Achieved 80% reduction in
power input & waste sludge
■Application for wastewater treatment is almost practical
■Many challenges remain for use as a power source
Generate electric power using
any organic compounds as fuel
5
![Page 6: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Application of electricity consumers
Sasaki K, Kato S. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 50:182-188 (2018)
Nevin KP. et al. mBio. 1: e00103 (2010)
Microbial electrosynthesis
■Research for practical use is still limited
Microbial electrosynthesis: feeding microbes
electricity to convert carbon dioxide and water
to multicarbon extracellular organic compounds.
Convert CO2 into organic compounds
using electric power
6
![Page 7: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
+Magnetite
+Ferrihydrite
Non-Fe
ethanol
magnetite
Symbiosis of electricity generator/consumer
■Symbiotic interactions can be promoted/created
by adding conductive particles
PNAS 109: 10042-10046 (2012)
7
![Page 8: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Biotechnology vs. Materials science
Living organisms
(Photosynthesis)
Inorganic materials
(Artificial photosynthesis)
Production of
organics
○ Can produce various,
complex organics
× Difficult to produce
complex organic matters
Environmental
compatibility
○ Ambient conditions,
self propagation/organisation
× Harsh conditions,
use toxic/rare metals, etc.
Reaction rates × Low ○ High
Energy efficiency × Low (~0.1%) ○ High (~10%)
■We can develop better systems by hybrid of
the two technologies (semi-artificial photosynthesis)??
8
![Page 9: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Ex. 1) Semi-artificial photosynthesis
1:32-39 (2018)
←total energy efficiency of ~7.5%
could work >50 days
←has economic rationality
9
![Page 10: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Ex. 2) Semi-artificial THERMOsynthesis
Development of a novel energy conversion system by hybrid of inorganic materials and microorganismsSouichiro Kato (AIST) and Ryuhei Nakamura (RIKEN), in the AIST-RIKEN joint research project
Production of organics only from wastewater, waste heat & waste gas
(semi-artificial thermosynthesis)
10
![Page 11: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ex. 3) Photosynthetic “Cyborg” bacteria
Magnetotactic bacteria :produce nano-particles of magnetite (Fe3O4) to sense the terrestrial magnetism
■Some strains can fix CO2
■Size/number of the
magnets can be modified
■Mn/Co can be doped
Uebe R, Schüler D. Nat Rev Microbiol. 14:621-637 (2016)
11
“Cyborg” magnetotactic bacteria doing photosynthesis??
![Page 12: Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial ... · Carbon recycling technologies based on microbial electrochemistry Souichiro Kato 2019 Dec. 18 Bioproduction Research Institute](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070800/5f022b467e708231d402ea00/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Microbiology for carbon cycling
Geneticengineering
Metabolicengineering
Evolutionaryengineering
Synthetic biology Systems biology
Information technology
etc.etc.
(Micro)biology
Artificial intelligence
Big data science
Electrochemistry Materials science
Nano-technology
Quantum mechanics
Economics, Sociology, etc.
???
12