carbohydrate chaos nutrition 120– carb overview. what are the 3 elements in all carbohydrates?...
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CARBOHYDRATECHAOS
NUTRITION 120– Carb Overview
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What are the 3 elements in ALL carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
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Two monosaccharides form a…..
disaccharide
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One way to identify a sugar is that most have the ending…
ose
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3 Simple Sugars are….
Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
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Chemical Formula for Glucose is…
C6H12O6
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Your BLOOD SUGAR is what sugar….
Glucose
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Build a lactose!
Glucose + galactose
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Many monomers (units) of sugars are called….
polysaccharides
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3 examples of polysaccharides are…
Starch, cellulose, glycogen or fiber
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Build a sucrose
Glucose + fructose
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What do plant cells store for their energy?
starch
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Animals store excess sugar as….
glycogen
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Where can we store glycogen (2 places)?
Liver and muscles
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The dietary form of cellulose is called…
fiber
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Make a Maltose
Glucose –glucose
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An oligosaccharide has how many carbons/sugar units?
3-8/10
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First Sugar Digesting Enzyme
Salivary Amylase
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The MAJOR carb digesting enzyme
Pancreatic Amylase
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Site of Carb ABSORPTION
Small Intestine
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Process of Using Glucose to make ATP (energy)
Cellular Respiration
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What % of your daily diet should be carbs?
55-60%
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Two types of fiber…
Soluble and Insoluble
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A disease that is impacted directly by carbohydrate
consumption….Diabetes
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If you are lactose intolerant, your body does not have which enzyme available?
lactase
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Called a non starch polysaccharide.
Fiber
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Process combining two monomers to form a
disaccharideDehydration synthesis
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Who uses carb loading?
Athletes exercising over 90 minutes
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How many grams of glycogen do most people hold in liver and muscles
400grams
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Most common type of Diabetes
Type 2
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Diabetes while Pregnant
Gestational
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Cells of Pancreas that secrete insulin
Beta cells
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Long term effects of uncontrolled diabetes (3)
Blindness, CV Disease, Erectile Difficulties, Circulation Problems
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What % of diabetics are Type 2
90%
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Organ that transforms monosaccharides to
glucoseLiver
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Maltase, Sucrase, Lactase are __________ enzymes
Brush border
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Outer Layer of Whole grain that is fiber rich
Bran
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Max Fiber Intake/Day
40g
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Sugars containing additives, ex. Coca-cola
Refined Sugars
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Hormone that causes blood sugars to RISE
Glucagon
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Diabetes Test that involves drinking sugary liquids…2
hr. post test 11.1+Oral glucose tolerance test
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