Thanks to :

• Prof. Jane Fountain

• Prof. Martha Fuentes-Bautista

Evaluating Governance and Market of

Country Code Top Level Domain (ccTLD):

Lessons for Indonesia’s ccTLD .id

Domain Names System (DNS)

• DNS translate hostnames to an IP addresses, such as:

”www.dwielfrida.net.id", to "114.79.59.52”

• DNS structure:

1. Top Level Domains (TLD); “.id”

2. Second Level Domains (2LD): “net”

3. Third Level Domains (3LD): “dwielfrida”

• DNS consist of

1. Country code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs)

Country names

Two characters

2. Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs)

Name of everything

Minimal three characters

Online Business / Organization

Domain Name Sale

Website BuilderWeb Hosting

Potential Domain Names Business

country code Top Level Domains (ccTLDs).id

Current Condition:

Low the government involvement

National ccTLD market

Closed direct access to ccTLD .id

The recent government’s initiative to regulate ccTLD .id

Research Questions & Objectives

Research Questions:

1. model of governance for ccTLD. Id?

1. the implications to improve the market of ccTLD .id?

Research Objectives:

1. the governance model to support globalized market of ccTLD . id

1. the implications of governance are to improve the market of ccTLD .id.

Research Method

• Comparative case study analysis

Criteria of Comparison;

Control of state, and

Multi-stakeholder system

Criteria of Comparison;

Market Orientation

Global Market National Market

More State Control &

Multi-Stakeholder

More State Controlled

Multi-Stakeholder,

Global ccTLD Markets (.ch)

(ccTLD of Switzerland )

More State Controlled Multi-

Stakeholder, National ccTLD

Markets (.au)

(ccTLD of Australia)

Less State Control &

Multi-Stakeholder

Less State Controlled

Multi-Stakeholder Global ccTLD Markets

(.mx)

(ccTLD of Mexico )

Less State Controlled Multi-Stakeholder National ccTLD

Markets

(.ca)

(ccTLD of Canada )

.ch (ccTLD of Switzerland )

More State Controlled Multi-Stakeholder, Global ccTLD Markets

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

GOVERNMENT

REGULATOR

NON-PROFIT ORG

REGISTRY

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

• Ip: 84.2% or 6,430,363 users

• 1.752.794 names

More State Controlled Multi-Stakeholder, National ccTLD Markets

.au (ccTLD of Australia)

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

DOMESTIC USERS

REGISTRANT

GOVERNMENT

ENDORSED AUDA

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRY

DOMESTIC USERS

REGISTRANT

NON-PROFIT ORG

REGULATOR

• Ip: 88%, or 19,554,832

• 2.650.964 names

Less State Controlled Multi-Stakeholder Global ccTLD Markets

.mx (ccTLD of Mexico)

NON PROFIT ORG

REGISTRAR

NON PROFIT ORG

REGISTRAR

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

NON PROFIT ORG

REGISTRY

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

• Ip: 36.5% or 42,000,000

• 654.562 names

.ca (ccTLD of Canada)

Less State Controlled Multi-Stakeholder National ccTLD Markets

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

DOMESTIC

USERS

REGISTRANT

GOVERNMENT

ONE OF THE

BOARD IN

REGISTRY

NON-PROFIT

ORG

REGISTRY

DOMESTIC

USERS

REGISTRANT

• Ip:83.0% or 28,469,069

• 2.066.571 names

Globalized Market of ccTLD . Id

“.id for your id”

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

PRIVATE ORG

REGISTRAR

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

GOVERNMENT

REGULATOR

NON-PROFIT ORG

REGISTRY

GLOBAL USERS

REGISTRANT

Potential Impacts of Globalized Market ccTLD .id

Online property

Building online websites

Building online business

Opening more job opportunities

Contribute to Country Revenue; tax and non-tax

Contribute for building telecommunication infrastructures

Increasing Internet literacy

Globalized Market of ccTLD . Id

“.id for your id”

Policy Recommendations

• Legitimate Registry of ccTLD .ID

• Processing re-delegation of ccTLD .ID

• Changing to National ccTLD regime model “More state Controlled Multi-

Stakeholder, Global ccTLD Markets”

• Strengthen Cyber security under Jurisdiction