canopy half day training[1]

Motorola: For General Business Use. CPT200V4-3.ppt

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005.

Canopy Technical Training Course

Version 4.3



2

Goal: identify

students, their

Canopy experience,

what type of

applications they

have implemented

and/or seen

Welcome & Introductions



3

What Canopy IS . . .

Definition

• High-performance wireless broadband

services for residential, business and

enterprise users.

– Fixed, but can support Nomadic

– Layer 2 switch-based system

– Multiple frequency and performance

options, often in the unlicensed

spectrum (varies by country)



4

What Canopy IS

Network Attributes

• Specific attributes include:

– Line-of-Sight (LOS) system (900 MHz,

2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz, 5.4 GHz, 5.7 GHz)

– Non line-of-sight (NLOS) (900 MHz;

5.4 & 5.7 GHz high-speed point-to-point

solutions, PTP400 and PTP600)

– No steady-state degradation with

distance or number of active Subscriber

Modules (within stated product range)



5

What Canopy is NOT…

• WiFi 802.11

• In-building

• Mobile



6

“3.5”, sometimes referred to as “International MMDS”. Mostly International from around 3.400 to 3.700, depending on country. Used extensively for wireless local loop (WLL) service.

WCS (Wireless Communications Service) Licensed2.305-2.320 and 2.345-2.360 GHz (“2.3”)

BRS & EBS (Broadband Radio Service and Educational Broadband Service) – formerly known as MDS/MMDS/ITFS) 2.495 GHz – 2.690 GHzThese channels were reserved for commercial data and video distribution (BRS) and for the transmission f instructional materials for accredited educational institutions – these channels are undergoing ‘rebanding’ presently

Broadband Wireless Spectrum(Available frequencies vary by country)

ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical). Unlicensed, 902-928 MHz (“900”, mostly cordless phones)2.400-2.4835 GHz (“2.4”, cordless, 802.11b/g)5.725-5.850 GHz (“5.8”, BWA)

UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure). Unlicensed, UNII-1: 5.150-5.250 GHz (Indoor Only, 802.11a)UNII-2: 5.250-5.350 GHz (“5.2”, BWA, 802.11a)UNII-3: 5.470-5.725 GHz (“5.4”)UNII-4: 5.725-5.825 GHz (“5.7”, BWA)

1 GHz 2 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz

Subject to governmental changes



7

Canopy Family of Products

Hardware (p.1)

� = Use of reflector dependent on local regulations

��

��

��

��

��

5.1

GHz

��Advantage SM

��Advantage AP

��Canopy Lite SM

��

��

��

��

5.4

GHz

��

��

900

MHz

��

SM (Canopy or Advantage) with Reflector Kit

��

��

��

2.4

GHz

��

Point-to-Point, PTP400 & PTP600

��Point-to-Point, PTP100

��SM - Subscriber Module

��AP - Access Point

5.7

GHz

5.2

GHzEquipment



8

Canopy Family of Products

Hardware (p.2)

��

5.1 GHz

��

��

��

��

All

CMM2 Cluster Management Module*

��

5.4 GHz

��T1/E1 Multiplexer

900 MHz

CMMmicro – Cluster Management Module

2.4 GHz

Power Supply

SS - Surge Suppressor

5.7 GHz

5.2 GHz

Equipment

* The CMM2 is no longer being sold, although it is still supported.



9

Canopy Supporting Tools

Software

• Canopy Networks can benefit from supporting software tools – all systems can use all these tools:

– Prizm Element Management System

– Canopy Network Updater Tool (CNUT)



10

Canopy Components (1)

Access Point Cluster(on a separate frequency band

than the Backhaul module)

GPS Antenna

PTP100 with Reflector (View from rear of reflector)

Cluster Management Module

T1/E1 Multiplexer



11

Canopy Components (1)

Access Point Cluster(on a separate frequency band

than the Backhaul module)

GPS Antenna

Backhaul with Reflector (View from rear of reflector)

Cluster Management Module

T1/E1 Multiplexer



12

Canopy SystemAccess Point Cluster



13

Canopy SystemNote the Two-Pairs Per Access Point



14

Canopy SystemGPS Antenna



15

Canopy SystemPTP100 and Reflector



Canopy SystemCMM



17

Canopy System

900 MHz Modules

External Antenna Integrated Antenna



18

Motorola Point to Point SolutionsPTP400 (30/60 Mbps) & PTP600 (150/300 Mbps)

Integrated Antenna Flat Panel Connectorized Antenna



19

Overview: Canopy Architecture

Operator’s

IP Network

CMM

micro

SM

Router(Motorola

WA850)

Base

Station

ClusterSix APs

SS

SS



20

Canopy Advantage Platform

Increased Throughput/Performance

• Build on Canopy system strengths

• Support multi-service platforms

• Remain backward compatible

• Establish a future migration path to

unlicensed WiMAX

• Advantage platform available for

Access Points and Subscriber

Modules



21

Canopy Advantage Performance

Combinations of APs and SMs

• Up to twice the capacity per AP

• Dramatic increase in throughput at SM

• Decrease inherent latency by factor of three

Advantage APAdvantage APCanopy AP

5 – 7 msec5 – 7 msec20 msecLatency

14 Mbps7 Mbps6.2 Mbps

Sustained Aggregate Throughput

Advantage SMCanopy SMCanopy SM



22

Canopy Advantage

Deployment View



23

Canopy Lite SM

Low Cost Option for Network Extension

• 512 kbps aggregate throughput

• 768 kb burst

• 100 kbps full duplex CIR (support VoIP)

• Throughput upgrades available– 1, 2, 4 or 7 Mbps aggregate throughput

– Must use Prizm to apply throughput upgrades

– 7 Mbps Lite is NOT the same as Canopy SM

• Available in 2.4, 5.2, 5.4 and 5.7 GHz

• Must be used with Advantage AP and Canopy Software Release 7.3.6 or later



24

Canopy Portfolio Progression

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

3 Mbps

7 Mbps

14 Mbps

AggregateSM

Throughput

C A N O P Y C A N O P Y

Canopy AP & SM

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

Advantage AP &

Canopy Lite SM

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

Advantage

AP & SM

Advantage AP& Canopy SM

C A N O P Y



25

Canopy Advantage AP Services All

Types of Canopy Subscriber Modules

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

Canopy

SMs

Canopy

Lite SMs

CanopyAdvantage APs

C A N O P Y C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

CanopyAdvantage

SMs

C A N O P Y

CanopyAP

CanopySMs only

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

SS

C A N O P Y



26

Canopy Product Specifications

• Detailed specifications are presented on the

next several slides.

• Specifications are listed for full power

operation, unless otherwise noted.

• Products listed are not available in all

countries; consult your local regulations.

• Complete specifications are posted on the

Canopy website, under the “Product Info”

menu option.



27

Performance Summary Tables:Point to Multipoint (Canopy AP & Canopy SM, p.1)

6.2 Mbps10 mi / 16 km2 mi / 3.2 km5.7 GHz

6.2 MbpsFocus beam/

lower noise floor(Low power only)

2 mi / 3.2 km5.2 GHz

Reflector focuses beam and lowers noise floor

1.2 mi / 2 km

2.4 GHz(100 mW)

6.2 Mbps15 mi / 24 km5 mi / 8 km2.4 GHz

Typical Sustained Aggregate Throughput

LOS Range with Reflector

LOS RangeFrequency



28

Performance Summary Tables:Point to Multipoint (Canopy AP & Canopy SM, p.2)

Reflector focuses beam and lowers noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.4 GHz

(1 W)

6.2 MbpsN/A2 mi / 3.2 km5.4 GHz

6.2 MbpsFocused beam/ lower noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.1 GHz



LOS RangeFrequency



29

Performance Summary Tables:Advantage Point to Multipoint (AP–SM, p.1)

5 mi / 8 km1 mi / 1.6 km10 mi / 16 km2 mi / 3.2 km5.7 GHz

Focused beam/

lower noise floor

1 mi / 1.6 kmFocused beam/

lower noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.2 GHz

Focused beam/

lower noise floor

0.6 mi/ 1 kmFocused beam/

lower noise floor

1.2 mi / 2 km2.4 GHz

Low Power

7.5 mi / 12 km2.5 mi / 4 km15 mi / 24 km5 mi / 8 km2.4 GHz

40 mile/ Up to 4 NO

64 km Mpbs only Reflector

N/A – All 900 is Advantage900 MHz

w/ ReflectorRangew/ ReflectorRange

Advantage AP/Advantage SM4 FSK (≤ 14 Mbps Throughput)

Advantage AP/Canopy SM2FSK (≤ 7 Mbps Throughput)



30

Performance Summary Tables:Advantage Point to Multipoint (AP–SM, p.2)

Focused beam/

lower noise floor


lower noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.4 GHz

Low Power

Focused beam/

lower noise floor


lower noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.4 GHz

Focused beam/ lower noise floor

1 mi / 1.6 kmFocused beam/ lower noise floor

2 mi / 3.2 km5.1 GHz

w/ ReflectorRangew/ ReflectorRange

Advantage AP/Advantage SM4 FSK (≤ 14 Mbps Throughput)

Advantage AP/Canopy SM2FSK (≤ 7 Mbps Throughput)



31

Performance Summary Tables:Advantage AP and Canopy Lite SM

512 Kbps*N/A2 mi / 3.2 km5.2 GHz

512 Kbps*15 mi / 24 km5 mi / 8 km2.4 GHz

512 Kbps*10 mi / 16 km2 mi / 3.2 km5.7 GHz

512 Kbps*N/A2 mi / 3.2 km5.4 GHz



LOS RangeFrequency

* Upgradeable to higher throughput rates



32

Performance Summary Tables:Point-to-Point BH – PTP100 (1)

AES or DES

AES or DES

AES or DES

AES or DES

AES or DES

Encryption

7.5 Mbps14 Mbps

35 mi / 56 km2 mi / 1.6 km1 mi / 1.6 km

5.7 GHz (10 Mbps)5.7 GHz (20 Mbps)

7.5 Mbps

14 Mbps

10 mi / 16 km

5 mi / 8 km

2 mi / 3.2 km

1 mi / 1.6 km

5.2 GHz ER (10 Mbps)

5.2 GHz ER (20 Mbps)

7.5 Mbps35 mi / 56 km

10 mi / 16 km

5 mi / 8 km

1.2 mi/2 km

2.4 GHz (10 Mbps)

2.4 GHz @ 100mW

14 Mbps35 mi / 56 km

5 mi / 8 km2 mi / 3.2 km0.6 mi/1 km

2.4 GHz (20 Mbps)2.4 GHz @ 100mW

N/A

LOS Range

with 2 Reflectors

7.5 Mbps2 mi / 3.2 km5.2 GHz

Typical

Aggregate Throughput

LOS Range Frequency



33

Performance Summary Tables:Point-to-Point BH – PTP100 (2)

7.5 Mbps14 Mbps

DESN/A

5 mi / 8 km2 mi / 3.2 km1 mi / 1.6 km

5.1 GHz (10 Mb/s)5.1 GHz (20 Mb/s)

AES or DES

Encryption

7.5 Mbps14 Mbps

10 mi / 16 km5 mi / 8 km

2 mi / 3.2 km1 mi / 1.6 km

5.4 GHz (10 Mb/s)5.4 GHz (20 Mb/s)

LOS Range with

2 Reflectors

Typical Aggregate

Throughput

LOS Range Frequency



34

Performance Summary Tables:PTP400 and PTP600

Up to 21 MbpsUp to 124 miles (200 km)5.4 & 5.7 GHz (30 Mb/s)



Up to 300 Mbps

Typical Aggregate

Throughput

Up to 124 miles (200 km)5.4 & 5.7 GHz (300 Mb/s)

Range Frequency

• Range and throughput vary with RF conditions• Near line of sight or non line of sight links will have reduced range

and reduced throughput.• Use the Link Estimator tool before implementing the backhaul link

to determine expected performance.



35

Canopy Broadband Wireless ApplicationsLimited Only By Your Imagination!

• LAN extension

• Internet service

• High bandwidth point-to-point connections

• Multicast video (instruction and training)

• PBX extension

• Telco replacement

• T1/E1 replacement

• Fiber replacement

• Cellular backhaul

• Point to multipoint

backhaul

• Network backup

• Video surveillance

• Voice over IP

• TDM over Ethernet

(legacy voice & data)



36

RF Review

The following concepts were covered in CPT100. Consult CPT100 Student Guide or Appendix A for additional information:

– RF Environment Considerations, such as

attenuation, earth curvature, Fresnel Zone

clearance and reflection/ multipath.

– Line of sight, near line of sight, non line of sight.

– Power output of modules.

– Frequency planning.



37

RF Review:

Fresnel Zone

• Method of calculating the amount of clearance needed so that wireless waves are not attenuated

– Calculation depends on signal wavelength, total path length and distance to the obstacle

• At least 60 percent of the Fresnel Zone must be clear for most Canopy modules to establish links

• Canopy 900 MHz modules, PTP400 and PTP600 products allow for near and non-LOS transmission; links must be tested.



38

RF Review:

Fresnel Zone Examples

Each example has clear visual line-of-sight, but not radio line-of-sight. The signal will be attenuated,

because the Fresnel Zone is obstructed.



39

RF Review:

Collocating Units

• APs and PTP100 BHM modules can be collocated on the same tower observing the following rules:– APs and BHM modules should be on different bands – If modules are in the same band, they must be

vertically separated by a minimum of 100 feet (30 meters).

– If an RF shield were deployed between the modules, then the vertical separation could be reduced.

– All Canopy AP and BHM modules, even those belonging to a competitor, must be synchronized by a CMM.

• APs or BHMs cannot be collocated with SMs or BHSs on single band operation.



40

RF & Canopy:

Collocating Units

• APs and PTP400 or PTP600 backhauls can be collocated on the same tower observing the following rules:– If same band, separate APs and the BH units by

100 feet (30 meters) vertically.

– When the AP and the BH are in the same band, separate the frequencies as much as possible.

• For example, use 5735, 5755 and 5775 MHz for the Canopy 5.7 GHz AP modules.

• Select 5800, 5806, 5812, 5818, 5824, 5830, 5836 and 5842 for the PTP400 or PTP600 backhaul modules.

• Ensure there is at least 25 MHz separation between adjacent AP and BH frequencies.



41

906

906

924

924 915

915

5.275

5.275

5.325

5.325 5.300

5.300

RF Review: Channel Planning

900 MHz; 2.4, 5.2 and 5.4 GHz

• Select three non-overlapping frequencies for Access Point clusters

• Assume 8 MHz channel separation for 900 MHz systems

• Assume 20 MHz channel separation for 2.4, 5.2 and 5.4 GHz (or 25 MHz if implementing 2x, or 4-level, Advantage signaling)

• The 5.4 GHz band offers 11 non-overlapping channels; Canopy still recommends you use 3 per cluster.

• Each of these frequencies can be used twice in a cluster, shown here.

5.485

5.485

5.535

5.535 5.510

5.510

2.4150

2.4150

2.4575

2.4575 2.435

2.435



42

RF Review: Channel Planning

5.7 GHz

5.7 GHz provides six non-overlapping ISM/U-NII frequencies for configuring Access Points, assuming

a channel separation of 20 MHz for 1x (2-level) signaling. Canopy recommends 25 MHz spacing for

2x (4-level) signaling used with Advantage.

5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5. 5.

735 740 745 750 755 760 765 770 775 780 785 790 795 800 805 810 815 820 825 830 835 840



43

RF Planning – All Multipoint Sites

• Plan all Access Point clusters with the identical layout of three non-overlapping frequencies.

• Point the same frequencies 180°away from each other to minimize interference. For example, 5.745 is at twelve and six o’clock.

• Maintain the same frequencies in the same sectors for all clusters in the network (see example on next slide).

5.745

5.745

5.785

5.785 5.765

5.765



44

RF PlanningExample of Frequency Reuse

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

AB

CA

B

C

5.785 GHz

5.765 GHz

5.745 GHz

5.785 GHz

5.765 GHz

5.745 GHz

Frequency

300˚

240˚

180˚

120˚

60˚

0˚

Heading

C: NW

B: SW

A: South

C: SE

B: NE

A: North

Direction of

AP Sector



Section 2 - Design a Canopy Network



46

Section 2 Objectives

• Explain the criteria for optimal Canopy site selection

• Identify the correct tools to support site selection

• Design a wireless network to meet customer requirements and performance objectives

• Design for single band operation

• Identify when to establish Point-to-Point or Point-to-Multipoint Canopy networks

• Discuss proper grounding techniques

• Select the correct Canopy equipment and peripherals to support a particular network design



47

Overview of Planning Process for

Your Physical Wireless Network

1. Identify general requirements

2. Conduct potential site assessments

3. Identify structures for radio placement

4. Verify line of sight transmissions

5. Provide physical protection

6. Assess potential sources of

interference

7. Test proposed radio links



48

Identify General Requirements

What are system’s characteristics?

• Enterprise, Carrier,

Wireless ISP, Other?

• Point-to-point or

point-to-multipoint?

• Performance needed

(bandwidth)?

• Line of sight issues?

• Security required

(AES vs. DES)

Step 1

Point-to-Multipoint

Point-to-Multipoint

Point-to-Point

Point-to-Multipoint

Point-to-Multipoint

Point-to-Point



49

Identify General Requirements

Performance Considerations

• What is the geographic area to be covered?

• How many subscribers will be served?

• What is the terrain?

• What man-made and natural obstacles exist (trees, buildings, bodies of water)?

• What other microwave radio services may present a source of RF interference to your proposed wireless network?

– Telco point-to-point relays

– Competitive wireless service providers

– Pager network modules (900 MHz)

Step 1



50

Identify General RequirementsPhysical Considerations

• What types of structures will be required to provide wireless network service to your proposed

customer base?

• What are the power requirements for the proposed installation?

• What type of applications over the wireless link will be required?

– Data– Voice

– Video

All of these items must be considered when designing a wireless network

Step 1



51

Conduct Potential Site Assessments

Begin Identifying Locations

• Study local and

topographical maps

• Drive the proposed

coverage area

• Take photographs

• Refer to Canopy

equipment specifications

to plot the range between

modules

Step 2



52

Conduct Spectrum Analysis

• If necessary, use a Spectrum Analyzer to sweep the proposed coverage area to determine existing RF activity.– Canopy Access Points, Subscriber Modules,

PTP100 backhaul master and slave modules (10 or 20 Mbps) can be used as spectrum analyzers.

– The PTP400 and PTP600 backhauls have a built-in spectrum analyzer, and keep a running 31-day history of all channels.

• Conduct spectrum analysis at several different times of day for a more complete picture of the RF environment.

Step 2



53

Graphical Spectrum Analyzer

• Enable the Spectrum Analyzer from the SM or PTP100 BHS Expanded Stats web page. – (An AP can be reset to an SM for spectrum analysis.)

• All frequencies in the band are scanned and reported. (See next slide for sample.)

• Select Enable to refresh the readings, or set the “Web Page Auto-Update” to a value greater than 5.

• Select Disable to re-establish SM or BHS connectivity to APs or BHMs.

• Enabling Spectrum Analyzer will drop the RF link. If not disabled, the Spectrum Analyzer will time out after 15 minutes.

Step 2



54

Graphical Spectrum Analyzer SampleStep 2

Green bars show the latest reading.Yellow tick marks show the maximum reading over time.Red tick marks indicate strong readings (-40 dBm or greater).



55

Identify Structures for Radio

Placement

• Tall structures such as buildings, radio towers, water towers and hills or mountain tops are ideal sites.

• The site must have some source of power: AC, DC, Solar, and emergency backup power (UPS, generator, batteries).

• If the site is not being used as a repeater, some type of data source must be available: Ethernet/fiber-optic cable, modem/ mux, telco line or wireless backhaul.

Step 3



56

Verify Line of Sight Transmissions

Most Canopy systems need LOS

• 2.4/5.x GHz communication is Line of Sight (LOS).

• 900 MHz equipment provides Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) communication. Distance and throughput is dependent upon conditions and must be tested.

• Overall throughput rate is lower for 900 MHz equipment (compared to 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) and must be taken into consideration when planning your installations.

• The PTP400 and PTP600 backhaul modules provide near-line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmissions. Range and throughput are reduced. Links must be tested before installation.

Step 4



57

Verify Line of Sight, cont’d

Several Ways to Verify Line of Sight

• Physically observe the path (driving or flying)

• Measure height of suspect obstructions

• Use maps or software (terrain database, mapping or topographical)

• Aeronautical charts

• Electronic strobes, flashing mirrors or CDs

• Radio test

• Video camera on a boom

• Weather balloons (colored) or flares

• Never assume the intended path is clear of obstructions!

• See the Appendices for examples of the above-listed methods.

Step 4



58

Provide Physical Protection

• The site must have provisions for grounding

and lightning protection. (See Appendix.)

• If devices like hubs, switches or routers are

used, element protection is required (e.g.:

weatherproof cabinet, radio room etc.).

• Follow local regulations regarding

installation and operation of RF devices.

• Site must be accessible for maintenance

but secure from vandalism, animals and the

curious.

Step 5



59

Physical Protection, cont’d

• Mounting structures should be rigid and capable of supporting modules, mounting hardware and the technician installing the equipment!

• Units with parabolic antennas or reflectors should be mounted on structures designed to withstand, at minimum, the wind load rating of the antenna.

Step 5



60

Assess Potential Sources of

Interference

• Check for sources of potential interference. These

could be other radios, or high energy sources

affecting the cables.

• If you suspect interference, sweep the area with a

spectrum analyzer. Check multiple times, at

different times of the day.

• The actual performance and range of Canopy

equipment can be affected by interference levels.

– In environments with heavy interference, reflectors may

be required to obtain optimum Canopy equipment

performance.

Step 6



61

Test Proposed Radio Links

• The only way to find out if the radio path will work is to try it!

• It is not good business practice to provide service where the signal is reflected off of objects or passes through trees unless you have control over new construction, trees, repainting of RF reflective surfaces, etc.

Step 7



62

Select Canopy Equipment to Support Your Particular Network Demands;

Be sure to include the proper peripherals and complementary equipment to ensure

expected performance is realized



63

Canopy Parts List

• The Canopy Parts List is detailed and can be confusing.

Ensure you carefully select the equipment you need,

with the correct options, when completing your order.

• Below is a partial Parts List. A complete list is available

as reference material, and will be used during Lab 2.

Part Number Description/Quantity

2.4 GHz Equipment

2451AP 2.4 GHz Advantage Access Point with AES, adjustable power set to high

2451APWL 2.4 GHz Advantage Access Point with AES, adjustable power set to low

2450AP 2.4 GHz Advantage Access Point, adjustable power set to high

2400AP 2.4 GHz Access Point, adjustable power set to high

2400BH 2.4 GHz 10 Mbps Backhaul, adjustable power set to high no reflector

2400BHRF 2.4 GHz 10 Mbps Backhaul with Reflector, adjustable power set to high

2400BH20 2.4 GHz 20 Mbps Backhaul - NO Reflector, adjustable power set to high



64

Point to Point Network Design

BH Master BH Slave

CMM micro SS



65

Point to Point Backhaul Network (PTP)

• Backhaul Timing Master – module used in a point-to-point link, controlling the air protocol and configurations for the link.

• Backhaul Timing Slave – module used in a point-to-point link, and accepts configuration and timing from the master module.

• Cluster Management Module – a module that provides power, GPS timing, and network connections for Backhaul timing masters and Access Point clusters, if located on the same tower.

• T1/E1 Multiplexer (optional) – device capable of transporting up to three T1 or two E1 voice lines onto a Canopy PTP link.

NOTE: For the PTP100 backhaul modules, master and slave are notpre-configured (they are the same part number for ordering). During the installation process, the operator configures each particular backhaul as either a master or a slave. The PTP400 and PTP600 backhauls are ordered in pairs, and arrive pre-configured as master and slave.



66

Point to Point Network Components

• The basic point to point link consists of a Backhaul Timing Master and a Backhaul Timing Slave.

• Lengthier point to point networks can be constructed by linking together multiple backhaul masters and slaves.

• In most cases, BH masters must be connected to a Cluster Management Module (CMM) so that a GPS timing pulse can synchronize the transmission cycles.

– The PTP400 and PTP600 backhaul modules must be connected to a non-powered port.



67

Motorola PTP Solutions PortfolioRange of Frequencies and Performance

PTP100Line of Sight

PTP400 and PTP600 (OFDM)Line of Sight, Near LOS, Non-LOS

• 10 & 20 Mbps

• 2.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.4, and 5.7 GHz

• < 5 ms RT latency

• 30 / 60 Mbps, < 7 ms RT latency

• 150/300 Mbps, < 1 ms RT latency

• 5.4 & 5.7 GHz



68

PTP400 & PTP600 Backhaul Modules

• Establish links in “challenging” environments: over

water, through trees, around buildings, over hills

• Interference mitigation technology:

– Transmit two redundant signals for additional

system gain

– Adaptive modulation for maximum throughput

– Dynamic Frequency Selection automatically

changes channels to preserve the link

• Use Link Estimator tool before deploying modules.



69

Link Estimator Tool (PTP400 & PTP600)

• Optimize the link before deployment

• Results are as good as input data

– Terrain data

– Man-made obstructions

– Antenna heights

– Antenna size, gain

– Distances

• Tool will provide expected performance

• Available for download to “CanopyPass”

accounts on Canopy website



70

Link Estimator Tool – Sample Page



71

PTP400/PTP600 Series – Operations

• Narrow channels:– 12 MHz (PTP400, 30/60 Mbps)

– 30 MHz (PTP600, 150/300 Mbps)

• Retains 31-day history across all channels

• Full time spectrum analyzer

• Proprietary data scrambling and encryption

• Software upgradeable from 30 to 60 and from 150 to 300 Mbps

• T1/E1 port(s) available on PTP600

• Power options: -48V DC or AC

• Can install redundant power supplies



72

Point to Point Backhaul Network OptionsPTP100 Series Backhaul Modules (p.1)

• Note: Distances vary based on terrain and other line-of-sight issues

10 mi / 16 km5 mi / 8 km

1.2 mi / 2 km0.6 mi / 1 km

2.4 GHz (10 Mbps) @ 100 mW2.4 GHz (20 Mbps) @ 100 mW

10 mi / 16 km5 mi / 8 km

2 mi / 3.2 km1 mi / 1.6 km

5.2 GHz ER (10 Mbps)5.2 GHz ER (20 Mbps)

35 mi / 56 km5 mi / 8 km

2 mi / 3.2 km2.4 GHz (10 Mbps)2.4 GHz (20 Mbps)

35 mi / 56 km

N/A

Range with 2 Reflectors

2 mi / 3 km2 mi / 3.2 km


2 mi / 3.2 km5.2 GHz (10 Mbps)

Range Frequency



73

Point to Point Backhaul Network OptionsPTP100 Series Backhaul Modules (p.2)

• Note: Distances vary based on terrain and other line-of-sight issues

10 mi / 16 km5 mi / 8 km

2 mi / 3 km1 mi / 1.6 km


N/A

5 mi / 8 km

Range with 2 Reflectors

2 mi / 3.2 km1 mi / 1.6 km


Range Frequency



74

Point to Point Backhaul Network OptionsPTP400 & PTP600 Backhaul Modules

• Distances vary based on terrain and other line of sight issues.

• Throughput rates will be lower in near and non line of sight situations.

• Always use the Link Estimator tool before deploying equipment.

Up to 124 mi (200 km)

Line of Sight

Range

Up to 6 mi (10 km)

Up to 25 mi (40 km)

5.4 GHz 30/60 Mbps

5.7 GHz 30/60 Mbps

5.4 GHz 150/300 Mbps

5.7 GHz 150/300 Mbps

Non-Line of

Sight Range

Near-Line of

Sight RangeModule Type



75

T1/E1 Multiplexer Overview

• Packaged point-to-point solution capable of transporting up to three T1 or two E1 voice lines onto a Canopy PTP link. (Will not work with AP or SM.)

• Provides synchronous, dedicated bandwidth for TDM services over wireless Ethernet (layer 2).

• Supports 10/100 BaseT uplink to Canopy or LAN.

• Purchased in pairs, preconfigured as master and slave.

• Scalable, from one to four ports - or two units combine for eight ports.



76

Potential Applications for T1/E1 Mux

• Eliminate leased lines

• Implement wireless PBX networking

– Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) service over

Ethernet (prioritized to ensure low latency)

– Enables 24-channel T1 or 30-channel E1

• Route LAN/WAN data on excess bandwidth

• Provide homeland security

backup/emergency voice networks



77

Point to Point Networks

Things to Consider in Planning

• Consider breaking long paths into multiple smaller hops.

• Follow local regulations regarding use of reflectors.

• Transmission path for PTP100 Series modules is line of sight.

• The Link Estimator tool should always be used when planning an implementation with PTP400 or PTP600 Series backhauls.

• Verify the band and frequency to be used will be free from interference from other RF sources.



78

Cluster Management Module (CMM)

General Rule for using CMMs

• Each AP or Backhaul master must be connected to a CMM – For PTP400 and PTP600 backhauls, connect

Ethernet cable PIDU to a NON-powered port.

• Exceptions to CMM use: – Cluster with up to two Canopy devices AND

with no other Canopy system nearby

– Remote AP or BHM receiving the sync reference from an SM or BHS

Considering that Canopy operates in the unlicensed spectrum, and that no one

can project when systems will be added, it is strongly recommended that CMMsare always quoted and installed with APs and BH-Ms.



79

CMMmicro Features

• Managed 8-port Ethernet switch

• Auto-negotiates full/half duplex, or 10/100 baseT

• Weatherized enclosure – External 24vDC power supply is NOT weatherized

• One RJ-45 cable to each module provides Ethernet, power and GPS sync

• Lightweight: 8 lbs (3.5 kg)

• Dimensions: 12” x 10” x 3”34 x 26 x 8 cm



80

CMMmicroA “Managed” Switch

1.Managed 8-port Ethernet Switch

2.Override Switch

3.GPS Receiver

4.DC Power Connectors (external power supply)

5.GPS antenna connector

6.Power cables “in”

7.GPS/CAT-5 data cables

(This CMM uses External Power Adaptor)

2

1

4

3

5

6 7 7 7



81

Placement of CMMmicro

• The CMMmicro is housed in a weather tight cabinet.

• The external power supply is not weather-proof.

• The CMMmicro must be mounted within 100 meters (328 feet) of APs or BH Masters (CAT5 Ethernet limit).

• The GPS antenna must be mounted in a location no more than 30 meters or 100 feet from the CMMmicro with clear visibility to the sky.

• If using externally supplied DC power, use 10-12AWG wire.



82

Examples of PTP Backhaul

Installations

• Following are several examples of point-to-point backhaul installations. For each example, only like-kind backhaul modules can be deployed together.

• In all cases where there is a CMMmicro, an Access Point cluster could also be installed.

• In multiple backhaul installations, CMMmicros must be deployed to properly synchronize the modules to avoid interference and desensing of the modules.



83

Example 1: Multiple Backhaul LinksSynchronizing at a mid-point

• BH links at a common point (such as the middle of a link) may use the same frequency if BH masters are:

1. synchronized 2. pointed in different directions, and3. using the same downlink percentage.

PTP100 BH Masters PTP100 BH SlavePTP100 BH Slave

CMMSS

5.7 GHz 5.7 GHz



84

Example 1: Alternatives for Discussion

• Access Point clusters could be placed on same tower as Backhaul Slave if:

– Include a CMMmicro

– AP cluster and BHS use different

frequencies



85

Example 2: Multiple Backhaul LinksSynchronizing at every other site

PTP100 BH Slaves

• Longer chains of backhauls can be organized by synchronizing modules at every other site

• Avoid using the same frequency on two modules at an unsynchronized site

5.7 GHz 5.7 GHz

PTP100 BH Master

CMM

SS

CMM

SS

PTP100 BH Master



86

Example #3: PBX & Legacy Data Networking (T1/E1 Mux)

• The Canopy T1/E1 Muxdedicates the bandwidth for the legacy voice lines.

• Remaining bandwidth can be used for other data.

LAN

T1 / E1

T1 / E1

T1

PBX

T1 / E1

T1 / E1

T1

LAN

Ethernet 10/100

Switch/Router

CMM

PTP600

Master

PTP600

Slave

SS



87

Point to Multipoint Network Design



88

Point to Multipoint Network (PMP)

Definitions:• Access Point – One Canopy module that distributes network

or Internet services in a 60 degree sector to subscribers.

• Access Point Cluster – Two to six APs that together distribute network or Internet services to a community of subscribers. With each AP covering a 60 degree sector, a cluster can cover as much as 360 degrees.

• Subscriber Module – A customer premises equipment (CPE) device that extends network or Internet services by communication with an AP or an AP cluster.

• Backhaul Module – Device that provides point-to-point connectivity link to an AP or AP cluster through the CMM.

• CMMmicro – Provides power, GPS timing and networking connections for an AP cluster.



89

PMP Considerations

• In densely populated areas, consider breaking your system into multiple smaller clusters.

• Follow local regulations on reflectors and power settings.

• 2.4 and 5 GHz equipment requires line of sight.

• If you don’t have line of sight, consider multiple clusters, or consider 900 MHz equipment (taking note of the difference in throughput rate).

• Verify the band and frequency to be used will be free from interference from other RF sources. (Interference can reduce range.)



90

Three Options for Canopy CPE

AggregateThroughput

14 Mbps

7 Mbps

512 Kbps

Canopy Lite*

CanopyCanopy

Advantage*

Upgrade to

1, 4, or 7 M

bps

Burst to

14 Mbps* Sus

tained

Throughpu

t

* Requires an Advantage Access Point



91

PMP Considerations Higher Throughput, Tiered Services

Canopy SM:7 Mbps Throughput

Advantage SMs14 Mbps sustained

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

Canopy

SM

Canopy

SM

Canopy

SM

C A N O P Y C A N O P Y C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

With the CPE options available, you can design your network to provide 14 Mbps throughput where needed, or set up tiered service levels.

AdvantageAP cluster

C A N O P Y C A N O P Y C A N O P Y

SS

C A N O P Y

C A N O P Y

CanopyLite SM Canopy Lite:

512 Kbps Throughput

768 Kb burst Speed upgrades availableto 1, 4 or 7 Mbps

With an Advantage AP,

5 – 7 ms latency.



92

CMMmicro

• A CMMmicro connected to a Backhaul

module is the central point of connectivity

for the site.

• A CMMmicro should be installed on each

AP cluster or along with each Backhaul

master

• The CMMmicro provides a GPS timing

pulse to each module in the network site,

synchronizing all network transmissions



93

• Selectable downlink percentage

– Factory default: 75%

– AP is fully configurable, up or down.

– Downlink percentage is set on the AP’s Configuration page.

• One AP can provide service for up to 200 SMs.

• The number of SMs that can be supported by an AP is reduced when you enable the high priority channel on hardware-scheduled modules

Canopy AP

Downlink %

Uplink %

Up to 200

served SMs

Access Point Module



94

Distance / Area

• To increase capacity/ density, AP clusters may be located closer together than 2 miles (3 km).

• At closer distances, consider reducing the power in each AP and SM using the low power selection on the module’s Configuration page. 2 mile (3 km)

or less radius



95

Performance Considerations

• Evaluate the throughput requirements for your network.

• Plan placement of Advantage equipment to capitalize on higher throughputs where needed.

• Decide whether you will use hardware or software scheduling.

• Ensure there are no bottlenecks on the system.

• Determine the appropriate Uplink / Downlink ratio.

• Establish high priority settings if necessary.

• Verify line of sight.

• Verify current RF interference levels.



96

Cable Recommendation

Shielded CAT5!

To minimize the possibility of Canopy

performance problems that may be

caused by external sources of

interference, it is strongly

recommended that shieldedshielded CAT5

cable (Ethernet and sync) be used in all

Canopy installations.

Key Point:Shielding



97

The Importance of Proper Cabling

• Using proper cabling when installing your

Canopy system will help ensure consistent,

reliable performance of your network.

• A large majority of technical support calls

(35% or more) can be attributed to improper

cabling or the use of inferior quality cables.

• Make sure your equipment is properly

grounded.

• Use a professional to ensure you have

proper lightning protection.



98

Cabling Design Considerations

• Ethernet cables cannot exceed 100 meters

(328 feet) in length.

• GPS sync cable cannot exceed 100 meters

(328 feet) in length.

• GPS antenna cable cannot exceed 30

meters (100 feet) in length.

• Be careful when constructing power

over CAT-5 cables. A mis-wire can

permanently damage Canopy modules!



99

Canopy Cables - Important Notes

• Cabling is one of the most important components of any communication network.

• Poor quality, poorly constructed and chafed or nicked cables can create intermittent network

problems.

• Properly dressed and labeled cables make

identification and troubleshooting easier.

• Improperly terminated Canopy Ethernet and Sync cables can result in external signals being

coupled into the cable resulting in interference and erratic module performance.



Section 3 – Install and Configure Canopy Products



101

Point to Point Installation and Alignment



102

PTP100 Backhaul Installation Tips

• Factory default is “slave.” Change one module to be the BH master.

• Use the BH Master Quick Start page to set RF frequency, synchronization source and network IP address.

• For 20 Mb BH, set modulation to 10 Mbps for easier aiming.

• Install, aim and lock down the BHM first, then install, align and lock down the BHS.

• Detailed installation steps are provided in the Canopy System User Guide.



103

Canopy Reflectors, PTP100 BH

• Where permitted by local law, Canopy PTP100 backhaul modules can be used with an optional passive reflector to extend the transmission range.

• The Canopy passive reflector is illuminated by the backhaul module’s internal patch antenna, from an offset position.

• The reflector concentrates the backhaul beamwidth from 60 degrees to 6 degrees (17 degrees for 2.4 GHz).

• Reflectors must be properly aligned in order for the backhaul modules to function correctly.



104

Canopy Reflector Alignment

• Follow the assembly instructions included

with the reflector.

• When properly assembled, the tube coming

out the front of the reflector will hold the

Canopy module at the correct angle.

• The mast, as it attaches to the back of the

reflector, should be vertical to the ground.

• Details and pictures are included in the

installation materials for the reflector



105

Positioning the Reflectors

• Correct:

• Incorrect:

Direction of beam

Direction of beam



106

PTP400 & PTP600 Backhaul Installation Tips

• The PTP400 and PTP600 backhaul modules are sold in pairs, pre-configured as master and slave.

• PTP400 and PTP600 backhaul modules contain an Outdoor Unit and a Power Indoor Unit (PIDU).

• The PIDUs are different for the PTP400 and the PTP600 backhaul modules. Use the correct PIDU.

PTP400/PTP600 Outdoor Unit, Integrated Antenna

PTP400/PTP600 PIDU



107

Alignment of PTP400/PTP600

Backhauls

• Install BHM first, then install and align BHS.• Audio alignment tones are used to find the best

position when aligning the units. – Tones change as the installer repositions one of the units.– Adjust backhaul’s position to achieve highest pitch tone. – Alignment can be confirmed through the GUI interface.

• Once the units are aligned, you must “disarm” the units to achieve maximum throughput performance.

• Installation details are in the PTP400 and PTP600 User Guides.



108

Point to Multipoint Installation



109

AP Height

Canopy Access Point

Cluster

900 MHz, 2.4 GHz

or 5 GHz

SMs mounted

on homes

APs should be mounted high enough to ensure clear line-of-sight (1st Fresnel Zone clearance) to the edge of the

intended coverage area.



110

AP – SM Range

• The factory default setting for maximum AP to SM distance is 2 miles (3.2 km).

• This “Max Range” value must be changed to match the SM locatedthe greatest distance from an AP.

• It is recommended that the Max Range be set to the lowest figure that will enable all SMs to register, since throughput can drop as the range increases, reducing the overall bandwidth of the AP cluster.

• All APs in a cluster must be set to the same Max Range value.

NOTE: SMs outside of the Maximum Range setting

may not register with an AP.



111

AP Spacing

• Spacing AP clusters closer increases link margin, capacity, and coverage.

• Consistent/regular spacing is best from a coverage perspective.



112

Importance of Grounding

• Consult professionals for lightning protection and proper grounding.

• Use 10 AWG wire or better.

• Use a surge suppressor.

• Consult Appendix E, the Canopy System User Guide and specific lightning guides for the OFDM Backhaul products, available in the Canopy website Document Library.

Key Point:Grounding



113

Point to Multipoint Alignment



114

AP Alignment

• Access Point alignment involves using a local or topographical map to determine which direction one or more APs in a cluster will be aimed to cover a specific 60 degree sector in a community.

• Depending on the height of the AP cluster above the local terrain, it may be required to calculate a degree of downtilt.



115

AP Alignment

• A compass, GPS or similar device can be used to properly aim an Access Point.

• Once the Access Point has been positioned, lock the module down.

• Subscriber Modules are then aligned to their respective AP.



116

SM Alignment

• Two methods can be used for aligning a Subscriber Module to an Access Point:

– Monitor the Jitter and power level (dBm) values on the SM.

– Use the Positioning Tone feature. This requires a special cable and headphones, or

audio amplifier with speaker.

• You can use a PDA that is capable of supporting a wired Ethernet connection to

monitor Jitter and power level during alignment.



117

SM Alignment

Monitoring Jitter and Power

• Jitter and power level (dBm) are two parameters that can be used for alignment of a Subscriber Module.

– For 10 Mbps, Jitter should be 4 or below (with 1 or 2 being the best).

– For 20 Mbps, Jitter should be 7 – 9.

• Power level indicates Rx sensitivity and Jitter is a measure of signal quality.

• For standard 1x operations, the uplink and downlink efficiency must both be at 90% or greater.



118

SM Alignment Method 1:

Monitor Power Level and Jitter

1. Point the SM in the direction of the AP. Remember that when using the internal patch

antenna the energy is radiated in a 60 degree horizontal by 60 degree vertical pattern.

2. The SM cycles through a series of steps to register to an AP: scanning, syncing, registering, and registered. Power level and

Jitter will not report on the web page until the unit is registered.

3. The SM Status page displays levels for Jitter and Power Level (dBm)………(cont’d)



119

SM Alignment Method 1, cont’d

NOTE: If using a Subscriber Module with a Passive Reflector, the passive reflector will change the radiated pattern to 6 degrees horizontal by 6 degrees vertical pattern, or 17 degrees by 17 degrees for 2.4 GHz.

4. If the module will not register, several troubleshooting steps can be taken. These are covered later in this course.

5. After the module has registered, slowly adjust the positioning of the SM so that Jitter is minimized and power levels are at best settings possible. Lock down the module when finished.

6. After alignment, perform a link test to check the efficiency of the link.



120

SM Alignment Method 2:

Positioning Tone

• Canopy Subscriber Modules (and Backhaul

Slaves) incorporate an audible positioning

tone to help installers find the best location

for a Canopy radio.

• The tone’s pitch changes to reflect the jitter

and power level.

• When aligning, move the SM around until

you achieve the highest pitch.

• Lock the unit down.



121

SM Alignment Method 2, cont’d

• The positioning tone feature requires:– A cable adaptor

– Canopy software release 4.0 or later

• The cable adaptor allows the 6 pin RJ-11 GPS cable to interface to a headset or amplifier (adaptor doesn’t require active or passive devices)

• The tone output is available on pin 5 of the RJ-11 connector, with pin 6 being ground.

• The headset or amplifier load should be between pins 5 and 6.



122

Wiring Diagram, Canopy Alignment

Tone Cable

(1)The last pair of a 4-pair data cable is not used when terminating the cable on an RJ12/14 plug

1

6

5

4

3

2

1

6

5

4

3

2

8

7

8

7Not used

Audio

Ground



123

Technical Support

• Before calling Technical Support, use CNUT – Tools menu, and then Capture Customer Information. – The technical support representative is likely to

ask you for this information when you call.

• For US & Canada:– Technical Support: 1 (888) 605-2552

• email: [email protected]

• Other International:– Technical Support: 1+217-824-9742

• email: [email protected]



124

Information Resource Links

• Canopy Knowledge Base:http://motorola.canopywireless.com/support/knowledge

• Canopy Community Forum:http://motorola.canopywireless.com/support/community

• Canopy Library:

http://motorola.canopywireless.com/support/library



125

www.canopywireless.com



126

Product Information



127

Document Library



128

Community Forum



129

Knowledge Base



130

Software Updates



131

http://www.canopywireless.com:– Canopy Distributors and Resellers

– How to become a Reseller

– How to become a Canopy Affiliate

– and much more!

http://www.connectwithcanopy.com:– Connections magazine

– Podcasts with industry experts

– Latest trends in wireless broadband

More Online Resources



132

Information Resources

• The following slides list Canopy contact information.

• Details on a variety of third-party products that can complement the Canopy family of products is available in Appendix M.



133

Thanks for participating!

canopy half day training[1]

Documents

typical aggregate

performance

e1 voice lines

multiple backhaul

distances

ptp100 bh

follow local

conduct spectrum