canopy tech training v3-2 appendices student guide

Canopy Technical Training Course – Student Guide - Appendices

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Motorola: For General Business Use. CPYTTC Appendices Version 3.2MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005.

AppendicesCanopy Technical Training CourseVersion 3.2

Motorola: For General Business Use. CPYTTC Appendices, Version 3.2MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005.

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Appendices

A. IP and RF Review B. GPS FundamentalsC. Canopy Network ExamplesD. Canopy Auto-SenseE. Lightning Protection -

GroundingF. Canopy Antenna PatternsG. Useful FormulasH. RMA ProceduresI. Canopy SpecificationsJ. Software Upgrade Instructions

K. Authentication Feature Key Installation

L. Enabling ISMM. Calibrating Canopy ModulesN. Securing Canopy ModulesO. Branding – Changing the GUI

LogoP. Path Planning Examples Q. Vendors and RF Resources R. Example IP Addressing Tables


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Appendix A: IP and RF Review


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RF Review


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RF Considerations, page 1

Attenuation: Not a big issue, since Canopy operates in 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Still needs to be considered, because signal strength decreases as range increases.

Earth Curvature: Must be added to your LOS path calculations, especially over 10 miles (16 km)

Fresnel Zone Clearance: For best performance, keep the Fresnel Zone clear. Minimum clearance: 60%

LOS: Most Canopy products require line-of-sight for clear transmission.


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RF Considerations, page 2

Reflection & Multi-path: RF signals bouncing off objects (man-made or natural) will arrive at destination at different times. Reduce reflection & multi-path for best performance.

RF PowerMost Canopy modules’ power output is no more than 1 watt.900 MHz modules’ power output is 4 watts.900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz offer adjustable power

modules.A reflector will increase the EIRP.

C/I RatioIn general, Canopy provides 3dB or lower C/I.20 Mbps Backhaul and Advantage equipment running at 2x operations

provide 8 dB or lower C/I.Consult the Canopy website for complete specifications.


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RF & Canopy: Collocating Units

APs and 10 or 20 Mbps BH modules can be collocated on the same tower observing the following rules:APs and BH modules should be on different bands If APs and BH-master modules are in the same band, they must be

vertically separated on the structure by a minimum of 30 meters (100 feet).

If an RF shield were deployed between the APs and BH-master modules, then the vertical separation could be reduced.

A match on the Uplink and Downlink data and control channels can also reduce the vertical separation requirements.

All Canopy AP and BH modules, even those belonging to a competitor, must be synchronized by a CMM.

APs or BH-Ms cannot be collocated with SMs or BH-Ss on single band operation.


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RF & Canopy: Collocating Units

APs and the Canopy 45 Mbps Backhaul can be collocated on the same tower observing the following rules:The APs and 45 Mb BH units should be mounted at least 6 feet

(1.8 m) apart vertically.When the AP and the 45 Mb BH are both using the 5.7 GHz band,

separate the frequencies as much as possible.For example, use 5735, 5755 and 5775 MHz for the Canopy AP modules.Select 5800, 5806, 5812, 5818, 5824, 5830, 5836 and 5842 for the Canopy

45 Mbps Backhaul modules.Ensure there is at least 25 MHz separation between adjacent AP and 45

Mbps BH frequencies.The 45 Mbps BH has additional guidelines on angular separation

between multiple backhaul units.


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RF & Canopy: 900 MHz, 2.4, 5.2 & 5.4 GHz

Select three non-overlapping frequencies for Access Point clusters

Assume 8 MHz channel separation for 900 MHz systems

Assume 20 MHz channel separation for 2.4, 5.2 and 5.4 systems

Note, the 5.4 GHz band offers 11 non-overlapping channels; Canopy still recommends you use 3 per cluster.

Each of these frequencies can be used twice in a cluster, as demonstrated here.

906

906

924

924 915

9152.4150

2.4150

2.435

2.45752.435

2.4575

5.275

5.325

5.300

5.275

5.300

5.3255.485

5.535

5. 510

5.485

5.510

5.535


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RF & Canopy: 5.7 GHz Frequency

5.795 5.8355.8155.735 5.7755.755

5.7 GHz provides six non-overlapping ISM/U-NII frequencies for configuring Access Points, assuming a channel separation of 20 MHz. Canopy recommends you use 3 per cluster.


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IP Review


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Canopy and IP Considerations

Canopy modules are assigned IP addresses for network management purposes.

Hosts, including Canopy modules, universally are assigned unique Ethernet (MAC layer 2) addresses.

Canopy, in most cases, appears like a Layer 2 switch and is transparent to layer 2 protocols including DHCP, PPPoE, VPN, etc.


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Canopy Module IP Addressing

Needed to address Access Points, Backhaul modules and other network devices

Used internally by each Access Point to address Subscriber Modules

May be used to directly access Subscriber Modules from the AP side via IP routing

Requires a network administrator to assign each IP addressCan use private (not-routable) IP addresses (preferred, as

security feature)


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Canopy IP Addressing: Subnet Allocation

Each Canopy module requires one IP address on the network for management.

Subscriber Modules may be configured to not take up IP address space (no public IP address).

Canopy modules’ IP addresses should not be routable over the Internet.

Canopy modules’ IP addresses should not share the same subnet as your user’s allocated IP address space.

Canopy modules’ IP addresses are only used for module management by network operators.


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Canopy MAC Address Table

4096 MAC addresses can be stored by each AP and 4096 MAC addresses can be stored by each SMActually the table contains two MAC addresses of the same value with

the first digit of one set to “0” and the other set to “1”.The first MAC address 0x-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx represents the Ethernet

interface.The second MAC address 1x-xx-xx-xx-xx represents the RF link

(used internally) .The 4096 includes:

The AP addressThe SM addressMAC addresses of SMs registered to an APMAC addresses of all devices attached to SMs via MAC bridging


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Canopy MAC Address Table

User gateways (i.e. Linksys Box) allow for large networks to be attached to each Subscriber Module (NAT, Firewalls, etc.).

Canopy’s NAT (Network Address Translation) feature allows networks to be attached to each Subscriber Module and provides a firewall function, preventing devices attached to one Subscriber Module from seeing devices on another Subscriber Module.

The Subscriber Module acts as a “Traffic Director:”The Subscriber Module will decide if traffic generated by a device

attached to it is destined for another device on the same network.If it is, it is directed to the destination device. If not, it is directed over the wireless link.

This prevents unnecessary traffic over the RF link.


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AP

SM-1SM-3

IP Network

Local traffic

Network Traffic

Other traffic

• This example shows that network traffic addressed to equipment behind SM #3 is delivered to that destination.

• Local traffic, generated from and addressed to devices on the same network behind SM-3, is delivered locally without being routed to the AP.

• “Other traffic,” not addressed to any equipment behind any of the SMs depicted here, is not routed to those modules.

SM Bridging

SM-2

CMM

Router


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Canopy’s Default IP Address

All Canopy modules (Subscriber Modules, Access Points and Backhauls) have the default IP address 169.254.1.1.

For a computer to talk to Canopy, as it comes from the factory, either of the following conditions must be met:If the computer is not configured for DHCP, then it has to have a static IP

address on the 169.254 network (i.e. 169.254.1.5).If the computer is configured for DHCP, then it will automatically obtain an

IP address on the 169.254 network after a minute or two, as long as it is not connected to the network.


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Appendix B: GPS Fundamentals


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GPS Fundamentals


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GPS Fundamentals

NAVSTARThe NAVigation Satellite Timing and Ranging (NAVSTAR) GPS is an all weather, radio based, satellite navigation system that enables users to accurately determine 3-dimensional position, velocity, and time worldwide. The overall system consists of three major segments: the space segment, the ground control segment, and theuser segment.

Space SegmentThe space segment is a constellation of satellites operating in 12-hour orbits at an altitude of 20,183 km (10,898 mi). The constellation is composed of 24 satellites in six orbital planes, each plane equally spaced about the equator and inclined at 55 degrees.


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GPS Fundamentals

Ground SegmentThe ground control segment consists of a master control center and a number of widely separated monitoring stations. The ground control network tracks the satellites, precisely determines their orbits, and periodically uploads almanac ephemeris and other system data to all satellites for retransmission to the user segment.

User SegmentThe user segment is the collection of all GPS user receivers (such as the Motorola Oncore GPS Receiver used in the CMM) and their support equipment.


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GPS Fundamentals

Navigation with the receiver is accomplished by passive multilateration. More simply, the GPS receiver’s position is determined by the geometric intersection of several simultaneously observed ranges (satellite to receiver distances) from satellites with known coordinates in space. The receiver measures the transmission time required for a satellite signal to reach the receiver. Transit time is determined using code correlation techniques. The actual measurement is a unique time shift for which the code sequence transmitted by the satellite correlates with an identical code generated in the tracking receiver. The receiver code is shifted until maximum correlation between the two codes is achieved.


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GPS Fundamentals

This time shift multiplied by the speed of light is the receiver’s measure of the range to the satellite. This measurement includesvarious propagation delays, as well as satellite and receiver clock errors. Since the measurement is not a true geometric range, it is known as a pseudorange. The receiver processes these pseudorange measurements along with the received ephemeris data (satellite orbit data) to determine the user’s three-dimensional position. A minimum of four pseudorange observations are required to mathematically solve for four unknown receiver parameters (i.e., latitude, longitude, altitude, and clock offset). If one of these parameters is known (for example, altitude fixed) then only three satellite pseudorange observations are required and thus only three satellites need to be tracked.


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GPS Fundamentals

GPS NAVIGATION MESSAGEThe GPS navigation message is the data supplied to the user from a satellite. The navigation message consists of a 50 bit per second data stream containing information enabling the receiver to perform the computations required for successful navigation. Each satellite has its own unique code that provides satellite identification for acquisition and tracking by the user.


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Appendix C: Canopy Network Examples


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Canopy Network Examples

Radio tower68th & DoverHill Tower

N

S

EW

FD

Fire House#8

Training CenterHigh

BandwidthRequirements

FD

FD

FD

FD

FD

Fire House#2 Fire House

#1

Fire House#4

Fire House#5

Fire House#7

Fire House#6 HQ

Two Towers

FD

Fire House#3

No Line of Siteto Hill Tower or

#6 Tower

Zone #1CH #4

Zone #3CH #4

Zone #4CH #3

Zone #2CH #1

FD

Point-to PointProxim Tsunami

10 Mbps Full Duplex5.8 GHz on a

Separated Channel, inthe Horizontal

Position, Low on theTower to Create asMuch Frequency

Separation, from TheMotorola, as Possible

Point-toPointProxim Tsunami

10 Mbps Full Duplex5.8 GHz Vertical Position,

No Motorola Present,Separated Channel from

other Tsunami at #6

High BandwidthApplications

HighBandwidth

Requirement

FD

Potential New Fire House,Prior to the End of 2003

Could Connect to #8 TrainingCenter to Hop Back to #6 HQ’s

if #8 to #6 is Full Duplexand No Line of Sight is Availableto #6 Tower or 68th & Dover Hill

Tower

Back Haul

Tsunami 10 Mbps Full DuplexB1 Radio 5.772 GHz2' Parabolic Antenna

#8 Roof has Clear LOS to:#6 Taller Tower and

68th & Dover Hill Tower

Tsunami10 Mbps Full DuplexB1 Radio 5.772 GHz4' Parabolic Antennato Focus Beam as Low-on the tower- as possiblewith Clear LOS to #6's,2' ParabolicHigh on Tower

Two, Tsunami 10 Mbps Full DuplexRadios: B2 / B2 5.834 GHz

Two, 2' Parabolic Antennas,Focused in an Offset,Opposing Direction.

Four, Motorola; Canopy Radios, with a ClusterManagement Module. Motorola Channel 4 is Optimized,Motorola Channel 1 has a 7 MHz spread with B1 Rx and

Motorola Channel 3 has a 7 MHz Overlap with the4' focused Proxim Tx Beam. Motorola Channel 2

Should NOT be used on this tower. Anyoverlap should occur on Proxim Tx


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Canopy Network Examples


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Appendix D: Canopy Auto-Sense


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Canopy Auto-Sense

Auto-sense of CAT 5 cable capability on a Canopy module can be determined as follows:

Check the circuit board revision:

With the CAT 5 port pointing down, the board revision is located on the right side of the circuit board next to the metal shield. It typically looks like "ISS G 5.7 GHz" or "ISS B 5.2 GHz". There have only been 2 revisions of the 5.2 GHz boards, Revisions A and B.


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Canopy Auto-Sense

22 - 5.2 Rev B prototype boards were produced with ESN 0a003e001dc7 - 0a003e001ddc.

5.2 Rev B production units begin at ESN 0a003e0021c9.Everything prior to Rev B prototypes are Rev A and do not

auto-sense.In Summary:

5.2 Rev A - no auto-sense.5.2 Rev B - auto-sense.


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Canopy Auto-Sense

In the 5.7 GHz platform there have been more releases of the circuit board (A - G).

18 - 5.7 GHz Rev F prototype modules were produced with ESN 0a003ef00f7a - 0a003ef00f8b.

5.7 GHz Rev G production modules begin at ESN 0a003ef00f8c.

Everything prior to Rev E prototype modules do not auto-sense.


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Canopy Auto-Sense

Prototype modules should not be encountered in the field. In summary: 5.7 Rev A through Rev E - no auto-sense.5.7 Rev F & G - auto-sense.


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Appendix E: Lightning Protection - Grounding


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Lightning Protection - Grounding

Outdoor ground considerations:Masts, TowersTransmission linesOutdoor cabinetsAll cables entering or leaving a structure

Indoor ground considerations:Equipment racks, other radio equipment


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Lightning protection:Cables entering or leaving a buildingData interface cablesMasts, TowersRadiosTransmission linesCanopy radios should be mounted .609 meters or 2 feet below the top of

the tower or mounting structureLightning rods must not be mounted directly to Canopy radiosLightning arrestors should be installed at intervals from the top of the

mounting structure to the cable and power entrance of the building


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NOTES ON LIGHTNING PROTECTION• A properly designed lightning protection system provides

a path for lightning current to travel. The system neither attracts nor repels a lightning strike, but simply intercepts and guides the current harmlessly to ground. A lightning protection system is generally made up of several components.

• Air Terminals: (lightning rods etc.): Inconspicuous slender rods installed on a roof or tower as defined by industry standards. In some cases, these rods are placed on a tower leg opposite to the one on which the radio(s) is mounted. This is to direct the lightning strike away from the equipment.


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• Conductors: Aluminum or copper cables that interconnect the air terminals and the other system components such as copper grounding plates.

• Ground Terminations: Metal rods driven into the earth to guide the lightning current harmlessly to ground (usually steel with copper cladding).

• Surge Arrestors and Suppressors: Devices that are installed in conjunction with a lightning protection system to protect electrical wiring and electronic systems and equipment. These devices should be installed at intervals along the leg of a tower (or as designated by the tower owner), and at the point of entrance of the cable into a building.


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• A lightning protection system is designed to control or redirect a lightning strike on a specified path. The system does not prevent a strike, but provides a path on which the electrical current can safely be directed to ground. A properly designed lightning protection system will not attract a bolt of lightning.

• Designing a grounding system prior to installing radios, antennas or other equipment on a roof or tower structure is critical to minimize the possibility of damage to equipment and serious injury to personnel.


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When in doubt, consult local and national electrical codes or contact an electrician or professional trained in the design of grounding systems.


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Canopy SM Antenna Grounding Per NEC Specifications

SMMounting Bracket

Computer

Canopy SurgeSuppressor

300SS

Canopy 24 VDC Wall Mount

Canopy SM

Power Service PanelGround Electrode or 8 foot ground rod

CAT-5Outdoor

10 AWG CuGroundingConductorsPer NEC 810-21

Power Service•


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Appendix F: Canopy Antenna Patterns


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Canopy Antenna Patterns

Azimuth – Constant Power Footprint


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CANOPY 5250-5350 MHz Antenna Pattern/ ERP - Azimuth

0

30

60120

150

180

210

240270

300

330

30 dBm

20 dBm

10 dBm

0 dBm

-10 dBm


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CANOPY 5250-5350 MHz Antenna Pattern/ ERP - Elevation

0

30

60120

150

180

210

240270

300

330

30 dBm

20 dBm

10 dBm

0 dBm

-10 dBm


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Appendix G: Useful Formulas


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Useful Formulas

Calculation For Antenna Down Tilt


48

Useful Formulas

Calculation For AP Coverage


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Useful Formulas

Fresnel Zone = 72.1 * SqrRoot (D1Mi * D2Mi / FreqGHz * DTMi)

Where D1,D2 = miles DT=D1+D2 F=frequency GHz


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Useful Formulas

See formula on next slide


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Useful Formulas

System Operating Margin (SOM)

Free Space Loss = 20Log10(F in MHz) + 20Log10(D in Miles)+36.6

Rx Signal Level = Tx Power - Tx Cable Loss + Tx Antenna Gain – FSL + Rx Antenna Gain-Rx Cable Loss

System operating Margin (Fade Margin) = Rx Signal Level - Rx Sensitivity


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Appendix H: RMA Procedures


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RMA Procedures

The Canopy RMA process consists several steps1. End User, ACSP or ACR

• determine that a problem exists• if practical, field test unit to determine the source of the

problem and correct if possible• request an RA or RMA from a Canopy Distributor

2. Distributor • logs claim and tests unit to verify problem • requests an RMA from Motorola Canopy• returns defective product for repair or replacement


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RMA Procedures

End User, ACSP, ACR1. Determine a problem exists

• If the End User, ACSP or ACR has determined that a Canopy product has a problem, it is recommended that an attempt be made to diagnose and/or correct the fault using the procedures outlined in the “Troubleshooting” section of this course

2. Request an RA or RMA from Canopy Distributor• Return Canopy unit to DistributorNote: If it is determined that Canopy defect was caused by

improper installation or use unit warranty is void.


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RMA Procedures - Distributor

Distributor– Receive defective Canopy unit from End User, ACSP or

ASR– Log claim and test Canopy unit to verify problem– Request RMA from Canopy CBW group– Return defective unit for repair or replacement


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Fill out Motorola Canopy RMA Request form with the following required information:

– Distributor information– Resellers’ information (if applicable)– End User’s information

This information is needed in case Canopy staff needed to contact operator for specifics on problem that was observed with device. If information is not provided then distributor must have information on record and provide to Canopy if requested.

– Issue Code for each device– Is it an out-of-box or in-service issue– Issue description for each device


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Model number for each deviceElectronic Serial Number for each device OR Mechanical Serial Number for each device. If ESN is only given then distributor may have to contact Canopy to verify warranty status.Mechanical Serial Number of the replacement deviceRequest RMA from Motorola Canopy by forwarding completed requestform to [email protected]. RMA request will be denied if form is not completed in full. RMA number received is valid for 60 days. If the warranty claim is not received within 60 days the RMA will be cancelled.Ship warranty claims to Motorola Warranty Center


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Receive replenishment equipment from Motorola Warranty Center. Replenishment equipment will be shipped to the ACD once a month based on the RMA requests received and approved up till one (1) business week before the replenishment shipment day. The replenishment shipments will be shipped on the 15th of the month or the first business day after the 15th in the case of a weekend or holiday. ACD may request out-of cycle replenishment shipment in situations where distributor stock is abnormally low or RMA requests are abnormally high. Requests should be made, in writing via email to the Canopy Warranty Coordinator.


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Appendix I: Canopy Specifications


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Canopy Specifications

Up to date specifications for the entire Canopy family of products are maintained on the Canopy website.

www.motorola.com/canopy

Access the “Product Info” menu, then select “Tech Specs.”


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Appendix J: Upgrading Canopy Software


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Recommended Upgrade Approach

• Effective with Canopy Software Release 6.1, Canopy strongly recommends that operators use the Canopy Network Updater Tool (CNUT) for performing all Canopy upgrades.

• CNUT ensures that networks are upgraded in a logical sequence, especially in consideration of enabling the hardware scheduler feature.

• Download CNUT from the Canopy website, www.motorola.com/canopy, by accessing the Support menu, then Software Updates.

• Details on using CNUT can be found in the latest copy of the Canopy software Release Notes.

• Manual upgrade procedures are provided here as a reference, in situations where operators are upgrading to a software release earlier than release 6.1.


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Upgrading Canopy Software

Canopy software upgrades use FTP for file transfer and Telnet toprocess the upgrade files. Telnet and FTP should only be used for upgrading software or as indicated by Technical Support or in Canopy Technical Release Notes. Any other use of these utilities, not authorized by Canopy Technical Support, is not supported and mayresult in erratic module performance.


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Software Upgrade Options

• Standard Upgrade Procedures– Canopy software upgrades are released periodically and

can be downloaded from the Canopy web site at http:\www.motorola.com\canopy.

– Subscriber Modules can be updated automatically or manually (effective with software release 4.1).

– Access Point modules must be upgraded manually.– Backhaul Modules must be upgraded manually.

• We will walk through the automatic upgrade process first, followed by the manual process.


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Automatic Upgrade Procedures: SMs

SMs must be running release 4.0.x to be auto-updated. SMs running release 3.x will not auto-update.

• FTP the appropriate files into an AP (including the “action list” that comes with the software release).– Use FTP to transfer the correct APboot.bin or

APASboot.bin software to the AP. Also transfer FPGA and boot software (if required).

• Telnet to the AP module to issue commands to burn in the new software, then reboot.

• Use FTP to transfer the correct SMboot.bin to the AP, and FPGA (if required).– Telnet to the AP to start the SM update function.


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• When an SM registers to that AP, the SM software version is checked. If the SM is not up to the current release, the SM is updated automatically.

• Leave auto-update running long enough to catch all SMs (including ones that are powered off overnight).

• Monitor the status of SMs and confirm all SMs on the AP have been updated.

• Start a second Telnet session to the AP to turn off updating (the first Telnet session is not directly interruptible at this point).

• NOTE: This procedure can take up to four minutes per SM to complete, so schedule the update for a time that is least likely to affect the end user.


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Important considerations:– The action list and program files are stored in volatile

memory in the AP. If the AP is rebooted before all SMshave upgraded, the action list and program files will be deleted. If this happens, those files must be reinstalled to complete the upgrade of all SMs.

– After the update command is given, the AP uses information from the action list to manage updates with up to four SMs at any one time, progressing through all registered SMs until all are updated. The update function continues to run on the AP, updating any new SMs that may register, until the update is turned off.


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SM Auto-Update Example

FTP SMboot.bin, FPGA, and action list to AP<Is062403_D40.jbc APASboot.bin BH10boot.binSMboot.bin41actionlist.txt APboot.bin BH20boot.bin>ftp 172.16.1.1Connected to 172.16.1.1.220 FTP server readyName (172.16.1.1:user):331 Guest login okPassword:230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.Remote system type is Type:ftp> binary200 Type set to 1.

The following example shows the command line prompts, inputs and responses while two SMs are updated from an AP. In this example, the AP has an address of 172.16.1.1. SMs are registered to the AP.


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SM Auto-Update Example, cont’d

ftp> put SMboot.binlocal: SMboot.bin remote: SMboot.bin500 ‘EPSV’: command not understood.227 Entering Passive Mode (172,16,1,1,4,1)150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for SMboot.bin100% |*************************************| 712 KB 229.55KB/s 00:00 ETA226 Transfer complete.729668 bytes sent in 00:03 (209.57 KB/s)ftp> put 062403_D40.jbclocal: 062403_D40.jbc remote: 062403_D40.jbc227 Entering Passive Mode (172,16,1,1,4,2)150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 062403_D40.jbc100% |*************************************| 156 KB 219.48KB/s 00:00 ETA


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226 Transfer complete.159859 bytes sent in 00:00 (156.18 KB/s)ftp> put 41actionlistlocal: 41actionlist remote: 41actionlistftp: local: 41ctionlist: No such file or directoryftp> put 41actionlist.txtlocal: 41actionlist.txt remote: 41actionlist.txt227 Entering Passive Mode (172,16,1,1,4,3)150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for 41actionlist.txt100% |*************************************| 53.58.81KB/s 00:00 ETA226 Transfer complete.53 bytes sent in 00:00 (0.25 KB/s)ftp> exit221 Goodbye.


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Telnet to the AP and start the SM update function

> Telnet 172.16.1.1Trying 172.16.1.1…Connected to 172.16.1.1.Escape character is ‘^]’./---------\C A N O P Y Motorola Broadband Wireless Technology Center(Copyright 2001, 2002 Motorola Inc.)Telnet+> update 41actionlist.txt


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Action List Contents:

@BS SMboot.bin@BH 062403_D40.jbc@PR NOP@XX NOP

The information from the AP is read:12.49.13 UT : 11/10/03: AutoUpdate currently active using41actionlist.txtSoftware Version: CANOPY4.1 Nov 04 2003 10:38:27FPGA Version: 06240308SNMP Site Name: No Site NameSNMP Site Location: No Site Location


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Update of the first SM begins. Current information is read from the AP, and the SM is told to manage its update. During the update the SM continues to handle traffic, until it is booted at the end of the process. Access to the module’s user interface pages may terminate, because they have lower priority than traffic. The SM is still active:

12:49:17 UT : 11/10/03 : Started update of 0a-00-3e-00-29-56Software Version : CANOPY4.0 May 28 2003 13:15:22Software Boot Version : IndeterminateFPGA Version : 04290308SNMP Site Name : No Site NameSNMP Site Location : No Site LocationSM powers up in alignment mode


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Start a second Telnet session to the AP to turn off updating after you have confirmed the desired SMs are updated. Open a separate Telnet session to the AP:> telnet 172.16.1.1Trying 172.16.1.1…Connected to 172.16.1.1.Escape character is ‘^]’./---------\C A N O P Y Motorola Broadband Wireless Technology Center(Copyright 2001, 2002 Motorola Inc.)Telnet+> updateoff 41actionlist.txtBack on the original Telnet session:13:15:40 UT : 11/10/03 : AutoUpdate currently Disabled.Telnet +>

This completes the automatic upgrade instructions and example.


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Manual Upgrade Procedures

• Download the upgrade procedures and files from the Canopy web site.

• Unzip the files from the download to find the release notes as well as a number of individual files specific to each Canopy module.

• Place these module-specific files in a directory that is easily accessible by FTP for file transfer.

• Updates can be performed via the wireless link – no need to physically access each unit. (No truck rolls!)


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Manual Upgrade Operations

• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Telnet are the two programs used for the upgrade process.

• Software is uploaded to each module via FTP.• The upgrade is completed via a Telnet session on the

module.


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Canopy Software and Processors

• The two processors in a Canopy module each run their own software. Release 4.0 marks the first time the main processor’s boot software has changed. The module’s Status page now lists the software boot version.

• Module types and activated features are not changed during an upgrade. You can’t change an AP into an APAS (an AP whose Authentication Mode has been turned on using a purchased Feature Activation Key).

• By attempting to apply the APAS software, you will receive an error message and the software won’t be applied.

• Similarly, you cannot change an APAS into an AP or a BH20 into a BH10, or a BH10 into a BH20.


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• Upgrade each point-to-point link in the network. A point-to-point link is made up of one Backhaul Timing Master and one Backhaul Timing Slave.

• Choose an Access Point cluster to upgrade. Upgrade all Access Point modules in that cluster (1-6 modules).

• Next, systematically upgrade each of the Subscriber Modules registered with the newly upgraded cluster.

• When all Subscriber Modules have been upgraded, move on to the next Access Point cluster.


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• Accessing Subscriber Modules on the Network– Subscriber Modules can be set to use either local or public IP addresses on

their Configuration page. – Subscriber Modules set to use public IP addresses can be directly accessed by

an Access Point.– Subscriber Modules set to use local IP addresses require the following

procedures to upgrade them over the air from an Access Point module. The Access Point module must be upgraded before the Subscriber Module upgrade begins.

• Check the Private IP address on the Access Point module using the Configuration page of the web-based interface. (The default is 192.168.101.1)

• From a command line on a computer attached to the same network as the Access Point module, change directories to the directory where the upgrade files are located.

• FTP the files to the Access Point module via its LAN IP address.• Telnet to the Access Point module. • At the prompt type in the command ftp nnn.nnn.nnn.<LUID> (where

nnn.nnn.nnn is the first 3 octets of the Private IP address for the Access Point).


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This starts an FTP session from the Access Point module to the Subscriber Module whose LUID is the number that you placed in the last octet of the private IP address in the FTP command.

For example, if a Subscriber Module is registered to the Access Point and receives an LUID 8, then the SM IP address is 192.168.101.8.


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Manual Upgrade Example

Using the file transfer protocol (ftp), copy the appropriate boot.bin file and, if necessary, xxxxxx.jbc file for the FPGA, to the Canopy module. IP address 169.254.1.1 is the default address of all Canopy modules; your IP address may be different. A sample FTP session follows:

> ftp 169.254.1.1Connected to 169.254.1.1220 FTP server readyName (169.254.1.1:none): <enter>331 Guest login okPassword: <enter>230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.ftp> binary200 Type set to Iftp> put <XX>boot.bin (where XX is the prefix of the file, e.g., SMboot.bin)ftp> put block.binftp> put xxxxxx_Dxx.jbc (e.g., 062403_D40.jbc)ftp> quit221 Goodbye


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Manual Upgrade Example

Using the Telnet protocol, connect to the Canopy module. The default IP address of Canopy modules is 169.254.1.1; your IP address may be different. The results of a typical Telnet session follow:

> telnet 169.254.1.1Trying 169.254.1.1…Connected to 169.254.1.1Escape character is ‘^]’./---------\C A N O P Y Motorola Broadband Wireless Technology CenterTelnet> burnfileUpdating Boot Block with file: block.binProgramming Boot Block…SuccessBurn Boot from file:Validating Boot File…


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Manual Upgrade Example, cont’d

File Checksum OK 047621D6Updating Boot Block ALT_BOOT_ADR to 000A0000Updating Alt Boot…Burn Alt…File Burn OKLock Alt…OKValidating Alt Boot…Erasing Boot…Copying Alt Boot to Boot…File Burn OKLocking Alt Boot…Telnet> reset


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Manual Upgrade Example, cont’d

If it becomes necessary to upgrade the FPGA software then repeat the previous Telnet step, executing the xxxxxx.jbc file to the Canopy module as demonstrated below.

Telnet> jbi –aprogram xxxxxx_Dxx.jbc (example: 062403_D40.jbc)Jam STAPL Byte-Code Player Version 2.1Copyright © 1998-2000 Altera CorporationDevice #1 Silicon ID is A98(01)Erasing EPC device(s)…Programming EPC device(s)…Verifying EPC device(s)…DONEExit code = 0… SuccessTelnet+> fpga_conf(Connection closed by foreign host)

This message may or may not appear on your screen. Refer to the network connection in your systray. The module is now successfully upgraded.


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Appendix K: Authentication Feature Key Installation


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Authentication Feature Key Installation

Access Points that are to be managed by the Bandwidth Authentication Manager program must be initially enabled with an optional feature key that is keyed to each AP’s ESN.

– To obtain these keys, contact your local Canopy distributor and request an APAS form. Fill in the required information and return to your distributor with the appropriate fees.

– Upon receipt from your distributor, Motorola Canopy Division will generate a special key for each AP requested and will email the keys directly to you.

– Upon receipt of your keys, upgrade the APs using the procedure outlined on the following slides.


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− Save the key files on the network where they will have IP connectivity to the APs.

− Double click on the key file identified by the last five characters of the ESN of the AP to be upgraded. The key file will “auto-execute” to IP address of 169.254.1.1 and modify the module. A browser window will pop up showing the conversion on the Status screen. The device type will now be listed as APAS.

− Reboot the module. When the module comes up it will display several extra radio buttons on the Configuration page for authentication.

•


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− The last four digits of the module’s MAC address is embedded in the key file name. For example: KEYAPAS005D70

− If your AP modules are not set to the factory default IP address 169.254.1.1, then right click on the file name and go to the properties section. You can modify the IP address the key file will seek out by changing the IP address located in the URL file section.


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Appendix L: Enabling ISM


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Enabling ISM

• Prior to software release 4.0, Canopy modules operating in the 5.7 GHz band only used channels in the U-NII band. Software release 4.0 added additional channels in the ISM band. As a consequence, Canopy modules that were not shipped with software release 4.0 do not have the ISM channels enabled by default.

• To enable ISM channels on 5.7 GHz Canopy modules, access the ISMweb page on the module using the following URL: http://169.254.1.1/ism.html (using whatever IP address applies to the module).

• Read the notice on the screen.• Check the box “Enable ISM Frequencies.”

cont’d


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Enabling ISM

• Click “Save Changes.”• Click “Reboot.”• The module will reboot and the ISM frequencies will now be available

on the Configuration screen.• Obtain the appropriate FCC compliance stickers from Canopy

Technical Support.• Apply the FCC compliance stickers over the FCC ID label found

above the module MAC address, illustrated in the following slide.


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Enabling ISM – FCC ID Sticker Replacement

FCC ID


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Appendix M: Calibrating Canopy Modules


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Calibrating Canopy Modules

• Software release 4.0 offers more improvement in RSSI stability and offers the ability to read the power level in dBm on a Canopy module.

• Module calibration improves reported measurement of RSSI and allows reporting of the power level in dBm, but does not affect or improve module operation or performance.

• Modules shipped from the factory with release 4.0 installed will be calibrated.

• Currently deployed modules can be calibrated using data that wasrecorded at the factory during manufacture and is available for you to enter in the modules.

• Following are the steps to enter calibration data into the modules.


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Calibrating Canopy Modules

• Make a list of the MAC addresses (Electronic Serial Numbers) of the Access Points, Subscriber Modules and Backhaul Modules you want to calibrate.

• Go to http://www.canopywireless.com/calibrate.php and enter the MAC addresses previously recorded, along with the specified contact information, including email address.

• An email containing the factory calibration data, three values per MAC address, will be sent to you automatically.

• Prior to calibration, the modules must be upgraded to Release 4.0.• You must upgrade first before you enter calibration data.• When entering calibration data into an AP, BH or SM, go to the module’s

Calibration web page, which is http://ip-address/mac.html, where ip-address is the IP address assigned to the module.

• Enter the three calibration values: Measured RSSI, Radio Slicing Value, and Power Level. The Power Level is entered with a minus sign.

• Click “Store Calibration Settings to Flash,” then click “Reboot.”


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Calibrating Canopy Modules – Notes

• It is not possible to change the MAC address and Tx Calibration Constant. These were set and locked at the factory.

• The calibration settings can be changed, if you have entered them incorrectly.

• On calibrated modules, the RSSI value on the Status page will bedisplayed in black instead of red, indicating it is now a calibrated value. Also, next to the RSSI value, the power level in dBm will be displayed. Additionally, the temperature of the module can now be read through SNMP, or by going to the Extended Stats page and then selecting the Status page.

• The temperature displayed is the internal temperature of the module.


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Appendix N: Securing Canopy Modules


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Securing Canopy Modules

• Canopy software release 4.0 supports a new feature that allows Canopy modules to be “locked” to prohibit access to the management functions of the module.

• Locking the modules requires a “truck roll” (driving to the site), inserting a Canopy default plug and then enabling this feature.

• Disabling the feature requires another truck roll, inserting a Canopy default plug and disabling this feature.

• Once the module is locked, it will pass traffic but cannot be managed, monitored or upgraded!


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Securing Canopy Modules

Carefully read the message on the screen.Check the box “Lock System Configuration.”Click “Save Changes.”Click “Reboot.”Remove the Canopy default plug.

The module will reboot and the module will be locked.


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Appendix O: Branding – Changing the GUI Logo


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BRANDING (Changing the GUI Logo)

• On each Canopy module, the web-based interface screens have a Canopy logo that can be replaced with an operator’s company logo.

• The Canopy logo file is called canopy.jpg and the replacement file must also be called canopy.jpg.

• The new file is transferred via FTP to the module and then added to a special filesystem through a telnet session.

• The following commands can be used during a telnet session:– addwebfile – add a custom logo file to the file system – clearwebfile – clear the customer logo file from the file system– lsweb – list the custom logo file and display the storage space available

on the file system


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Copy your custom logo file to the name canopy.jpg on your system.Use an FTP session to transfer the new “canopy.jpg” file to the module. Example

session shown here:> ftp ModuleIPAddressConnected to ModuleIPAddress220 FTP server readyName (ModuleIPAddress:none): root331 Guest login okPassword: <password-if-configured>230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.

ftp> binary200 Type set to Iftp> put canopy.jpgftp> quit221 Goodbye

Distinctive fonts indicate:Literal user inputVariable user inputLiteral system responseVariable system response


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Use a telnet session to add the new “canopy.jpg” file to the file system. Example shown here:

>telnet ModuleIPAddress/---------\C A N O P YMotorola Broadband Wireless Technology Center(Copyright 2001, 2002 Motorola Inc.)Login: rootPassword: <password-if-configured>

Telnet+> lswebFlash Web files/canopy.jpg 7867free directory entries: 31free file space 56468



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Telnet+> clearwebfileTelnet+> lsweb

Flash Web filesfree directory entries: 32free file space: 64336 bytes

Telnet +> addwebfile canopy.jpgTelnet+> lsweb

Flash Web files/canopy.jpg 7867free directory entries: 31free file space: 55331

Telnet +> exit



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Starting with Canopy system release 4.2, you can add a URL “hotlink” to the logo that displays at the top of the Canopy screens. This can be a link to your own support page, a test page, or whatever other URL makes sense for your situation.

The following pages outline the steps required to implement this change.

BRANDING (Configure a Hyperlinked Logo)


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Browse to http://ModuleIPAddress/top.html.Select “View as source” in your web browser and save a copy of the file locally. In the html editor of your choice, open the file top.html.Find the expression

<a href=“http://www.canopywireless.com”and change the address to the destination URL that is desired.

Change the canopy.jpg reference within the file to your logo’s file name.Save the file as top.html.Use FTP and Telnet sessions to transfer the top.html file and your logo file to

the Canopy module, as shown on the following pages.


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Example FTP session to transfer updated files to the Canopy module (using sample file name “logo.jpg”:> ftp ModuleIPAddress

Connected to ModuleIPAddress220 FTP server readyName (ModuleIPAddress:none): root331 Guest login okPassword: <password-if-configured>230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.

ftp> binary200 Type set to Iftp> put logo.jpgftp> put top.htmlftp> quit221 Goodbye



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Use a telnet session to add the new logo file to the module’s file system. Example shown here, using file name “logo.jpg”:>telnet ModuleIPAddress/---------\C A N O P YMotorola Broadband Wireless Technology Center(Copyright 2001, 2002 Motorola Inc.)Login: rootPassword: <password-if-configured>

Telnet+> clearwebfileTelnet+> addwebfile logo.jpgTelnet+> addwebfile top.htmlTelnet+> lsweb



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Flash Web files/logo.jpg 7867/top.html 313free directory entries: 32free file space: 64336 bytes

Telnet +> exit



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Appendix P: Path Planning Examples


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Verify Line of Sight

• There are a number of ways to verify line of sight between objects:– Drive the path– Fly the path– Measure height of suspect obstructions– Use terrain database software or mapping software– Refer to topographical maps– Topographical software– Aeronautical charts

• Following are several examples of tools available for line of sight verification.


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Street Maps

• Easy to use but provides limited information for RF planning

– Determine the locations of each site

– Draw a line between the two locations

– Measure the distance with a scale

Step 4


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Topographic Maps

• Provides information derived from different datum

– NAD27– WGS84– NAD83

• Provides Magnetic offset from true North

• Contour lines provide details about terrain

• Topographic maps provide more accurate scale

Step 4


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Aeronautical Charts

• Also called “Sectionals”• Updated frequently• Useful for locating tall

buildings and towers• Details airspace around

airports• Must account for magnetic

offset– Subtract for East– Add for West

Step 4


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Web-Based Maps

• Some Web-based map programs allow entry of GPS coordinates for the location in question

• Some Web-based map programs provide GPS coordinates of the location in question

Step 4


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Path Planning Software

• Path Planning Software often uses a satellite based terrain database

• Popular Path Planning Software Programs– EDX – Micropath– Pathloss– RadioMobile

• Numerous other programs are available ranging in price from hundreds to thousands of dollars

Step 4


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Map Software

• Microsoft Streets and Trips

• DeLorme Street Atlas• Other computer based

map software

Step 4


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DeLorme Topo ToolsStep 4


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Use Visual ConfirmationStep 4


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Determining the Elevation and Height of Obstacles

Use Inclinometer to determine height

Use GPS altimeter

Count the number of floors in a building. Each floor is approximately 3.6-4.5 m or 12 – 15 feet in height

Step 4


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Using an InclinometerStep 4


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Appendix Q: Vendors and RF Resources


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Vendors and RF Resources

• Maps, Charts and Misc. “Stuff”– Delorme (3D mapping), TOPO USA, TOPO TOOLS

http://www.delorme.com– Microsoft (Mapping software), Streets & Trips 2001– NOAA (Aeronautical Sectional Charts)

http://www.sportys.com– Topografix (Waypoint Management for GPS), Panterra

http://www.topografix.com


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• Maps, Charts and Misc. “Stuff”– USGS (Topo Maps), Timely Discount Topos Inc:

• http://www.usgstopomaps.com– Earthviewer:

• http://www.earthviewer.com/index.html– Digital Globe, Satellite Images:

• http://www.digitalglobe.com


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• Programs and Miscellaneous Software– Red Hat Linux http://www.redhat.com– Microsoft (Network Diagram Software), Visio 2000– MySQL http://www.mysql.org

• MIBs– Standard MIB Files http://www.simpleweb.org/ietf/mibs/

• SNMP Browsers and related software– http://www.adventnet.com Go to the products section and locate– SNMP

• Tools – http://net-snmp.sourceforge.net


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• Broadband Performance Enhancement Software and Reference Information

– DSL Reports: http://www.dslreports.com– DRTCP – TCP Windows Tuning Utility:

http://www2.kansas.net/drtcp.asp– NetIQ Chariot – QCheck http://www.netiq.com– Mikrotik http://www.mikrotik.com/download.html#Bandwidth_tester– Hagel Technologies DU Meter– http://www.dumeter.com


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• Management Software– HP Openview:

• http://www.openview.hp.com/products/index.html– Tivoli:

• http://www-306.ibm.com/software/tivoli/– SNMP Server:

• SNMPc: http://www.castlerock.com– MRTG:

• http://www.mrtg.org


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Vendors and RF Resources (continued)

• Path Profile Programs– Contract Telecommunications Engineering (Pathloss)

www.pathloss.com– EDX – http://www.edx.com– Micropath (Microwave Path Analysis Software), Micropath

2001, http://www.micropath.com– RadioMobile– www.cplus.org/


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• Instruments

– Garmin (GPS) http://www.tvnav.com– Magellan (GPS) http://www.magellingps.com– Brunton (Compass), Eclipse Compass http://www.rei.com– Avcom (Spectrum Analyzers) http://www.avcomofva.com


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• Cable and Connectors– Andew (Coax Cable, Connectors, Antennas):

• http://www.andrew.com– Belden (CAT5 Cable)

• http://www.belden.com– BestTronics (CAT5 Cable, GPS Cable):

• http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm– Times Microwave (Coaxial Cable, Connectors):

• http://www.timesmicrowave.com


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• Cable and Connectors– BestTronics (CAT5 Cable, GPS Cable, Connectors):

• http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm– Shielded RJ-45 Connectors P/N: MC-0542– Shielded RJ-11 Connectors P/N: MC-0643– Amp-Tyco (Connectors):

• http://catalog.tycoelectronics.com/TE/bin/TE.Menu?M=Main– Shielded RJ-45 Connectors P/N: 5-569550-3– Shielded RJ-11 Connectors P/N: 5-555175-3


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• Miscellaneous– Positioning Tone Cable and Headset:– Canopy Distributor– BestTronics (CAT5 Cable, GPS Cable):

• http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola.htm– Positioning Tone Audio Amplifier– Radio Shack PN. 277-1008


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Appendix R: Example IP Addressing Tables


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IP Addresses in Canopy (NAT)

CPE NAT Public DMZ DHCP Serversubnet subnet-A subnet-B subnet-A subnet-Bconfiguration DHCP server @ SM DHCP client @ SM manual manualtemplate A.A.A.X B.B.B.X A.A.A.DMZ B.B.B.X

RF Public RF Private NAT Private RF Public RF Privatesubnet subnet-C subnet-D subnet-A subnet-C subnet-Dconfiguration manual or default (for local) automatic manual manual default (or manual)template C.C.C.X D.D.D.X A.A.A.1 C.C.C.Y D.D.D.1

SM AP & Network

IP Network

Canopy's Network

Management


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IP Addresses in Canopy ( no NAT)

CPE NAT Public DMZ DHCP Serversubnet subnet-A - - subnet-Aconfiguration DHCP server @ network - - manualtemplate A.A.A.X - - A.A.A.Y

RF Public RF Private NAT Private RF Public RF Privatesubnet subnet-C subnet-D - subnet-C subnet-Dconfiguration manual or default (for local) automatic - manual default (or manual)template C.C.C.X D.D.D.X - C.C.C.Y D.D.D.1

SM AP & Network

IP Network

Canopy's Network

Management

canopy tech training v3-2 appendices student guide

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