CalPortland CompanyDupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA Plants

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

Environmental Product Declaration

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

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NRMCA Certified Environmental Product DeclarationThis environmental product declaration was conducted in accordance with ISO 14025:2006

Internal Verification External Verification

Declared Product: This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) covers 30 concrete mixes produced for 3 concrete plant owned and operated by CalPortland in Washington; Dupont, Duwamish, and Tumwater.

Declaration Owner:

CalPortland Company 2025 East Financial Way, Glendora, CA 91741626-852-6200 www.calportland.com

Program Operator:

National Ready Mix Concrete Association 900 Spring St. Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-587-1400 www.nrmca.org/sustainability

Lionel Lemay

LCA and EPD Developer:

Athena Sustainable Materials Institute 119 Ross Ave. #100 Ottawa, ON K1Y 0N6 613-729-9996 www.athenasmi.org

James Salazar

Independent LCA Reviewer and EPD Verifier:

Climate EarthThe David Brower Center 2150 Allston Way, #320Berkeley, CA, 94704-1381415-391-2725www.climateearth.com

Laurel McEwen

Product Category Rule:

Product Category Rules (PCR) for ISO 14025 Type III Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) for Concrete meeting the requirements of one of the following: ASTM C94, ASTM C90, CSA A23.1/A23.2, UNSPSC code 30111500, Version 1.1 dated December 4, 2013 and Clarifications 1, 2, and 3 dated June 1 2015; The Carbon Leadership Forum www.carbonleadershipforum.org.

PCR Reviewed By: Nicholas Santero, PE International; Holly Lahd, EI Analytics; and Medgar Marceau, Morrison Hershfield.

Date of Issue: Issued April 19, 2016; EPD supplement issued August 13, 2018

Period of Validity: 5 Years (until April 19, 2021)

EPD Number NRMCAEPD: 10009

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CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

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Description of Company CalPortland Company is a major diversified building materials and construction solutions provider to the Western United States and Canada. Since 1891, we have reliably provided quality innovative and efficient solutions to your greatest con-struction challenges with our expertise in cement production and distribution, ready mixed concrete, construction aggre-gates, asphalt, construction services and other building materials. Our products provide solutions everywhere; in buildings for shelter; roads and bridges that transport and link us; systems that provide electricity, water, gas and waste treatment; and other necessary infrastructure like hospitals, schools, railways and airports. We are creating solid foundations through the use of sustainable materials and renewable technologies.

CalPortland Company is the industry leader for energy conservation and environmental quality. Our commitment to continuously improve our environmental performance and provide positive contributions to our company and to society is a product of not just our words but also our actions. Sustainable development is defined as a society meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. CalPortland is committed to solving tomorrow’s challenges today through the advancement of sustainable materials and renewable technologies.

Location of FacilitiesThis EPD covers ready-mixed concrete produced at three facilities owned and operated by CalPortland. These are:

Dupont Washington Facility Duwamish Washington Facility Tumwater Washington Facility4301 Pioneer Way 5975 East Marginal Way S. 3190 29th Ave. SWDuPont, WA 98327 Seattle, WA 98134 Tumwater, WA 98512

Description of ProductProducts covered by this EPD satisfy general purpose concrete as used in residential, commercial and public works appli-cations in the US and Canada. This EPD reports the impacts for 30 different ready-mixed concrete products (listed in Tables 1a - 1c on the following page) in accordance with the following:

• ACI 211: Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete• ACI 318: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete• ASTM C94: Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete• CSI MasterFormat Division 03-30-00: Cast-in-Place Concrete• UNSPSC Code 30111500: Ready Mix Concrete

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 1a. Declared Product Range Classification, Dupont Plant

Product ID Product Code Compressive Strength Air Entrained

3100 5.0 SK 3/4” (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3110 5.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 3000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3123 5.0 SK 3/4” WRA ADVA (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3210 5.5 SK 3/4” AEA 3000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3262 5.5 SK 3/8” WRA ADVA (45/55) 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

3310 6.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 4500 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3421 6.5 SK 3/4” ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

4335 50% SLAG MIX WRA LOW HEAT 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

53100 1” 235/235 NON-AEA 4” SLUMP 50/50 4000 psi @ 56 Days No

53123 5.0SK 50/50 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

53262 5.5SK 3/8” 50/50 6” SLUMP WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

53462 6.5SK 3/8” 50/50 WRA ADVA 6” 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

60877 7.5SK 3/8 SLAG AEA SHOT 5000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

60942 5.1SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61514 7.0SK SLAG 3/4” ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61805 5.5SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61806 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61818 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63066 4.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

63125 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

63135 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63169 5.0SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

64335 4000PSI 50/50 SLAG MIX 3/4 AEA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

64806 1” AGG 25% SLAG REPLACEMENT 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

64816 1” 30% REPLACEMENT PT MIX 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

73100 5.0SK 70/30 1” 4” NON 4000 psi @ 56 Days No

73123 5.0SK 70/30 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

73262 5.5SK 3/8” 70/30 6” WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

73462 6.5SK 3/8” 70/30 WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

74335 6.0SK 70/30 1” 4” SLUMP AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 1b. Declared Product Range Classification, Duwamish Plant

Product ID Product Code Compressive Strength Air Entrained

3100 5.0 SK 3/4” (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3110 5.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 3000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3123 5.0 SK 3/4” WRA ADVA (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3210 5.5 SK 3/4” AEA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3262 5.5 SK 3/8” WRA ADVA (45/55) 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

3310 6.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3421 6.5 SK 3/4” ADVA 8000 psi @ 28 Days No

4335 50% SLAG MIX WRA LOW HEAT 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

53100 1” 235/235 NON-AEA 4” SLUMP 50/50 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

53123 5.0SK 50/50 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

53262 5.5SK 3/8” 50/50 6” SLUMP WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

53462 6.5SK 3/8” 50/50 WRA ADVA 6” 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

60877 7.5SK 3/8 SLAG AEA SHOT 6000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

60942 5.1SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61514 7.0SK SLAG 3/4” ADVA 8000 psi @ 28 Days No

61805 5.5SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61806 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61818 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63066 4.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 7000 psi @ 56 Days No

63125 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

63135 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63169 5.0SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

64335 4000PSI 50/50 SLAG MIX 3/4 AEA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

64806 1” AGG 25% SLAG REPLACEMENT 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

64816 1” 30% REPLACEMENT PT MIX 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

73100 5.0SK 70/30 1” 4” NON 4000 psi @ 56 Days No

73123 5.0SK 70/30 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

73262 5.5SK 3/8” 70/30 6” WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

73462 6.5SK 3/8” 70/30 WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

74335 6.0SK 70/30 1” 4” SLUMP AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 1c. Declared Product Range Classification, Tumwater Plant

Product ID Product Code Compressive Strength Air Entrained

3100 5.0 SK 3/4” (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3110 5.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 3000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3123 5.0 SK 3/4” WRA ADVA (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

3210 5.5 SK 3/4” AEA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3262 5.5 SK 3/8” WRA ADVA (45/55) 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

3310 6.0 SK 3/4” AEA (45/55) 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

3421 6.5 SK 3/4” ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

4335 50% SLAG MIX WRA LOW HEAT 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

53100 1” 235/235 NON-AEA 4” SLUMP 50/50 4000 psi @ 56 Days No

53123 5.0SK 50/50 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

53262 5.5SK 3/8” 50/50 6” SLUMP WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

53462 6.5SK 3/8” 50/50 WRA ADVA 6” 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

60877 7.5SK 3/8 SLAG AEA SHOT 5000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

60942 5.1SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61514 7.0SK SLAG 3/4” ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61805 5.5SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61806 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

61818 5.5SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63066 4.5SK 3/4 SLAG WRA ADVA 7000 psi @ 28 Days No

63125 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG WRA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

63135 5.0SK 3/4 SLAG AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

63169 5.0SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 56 Days No

64335 4000PSI 50/50 SLAG MIX 3/4 AEA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

64806 1” AGG 25% SLAG REPLACEMENT 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

64816 1” 30% REPLACEMENT PT MIX 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

73100 5.0SK 70/30 1” 4” NON 4000 psi @ 56 Days No

73123 5.0SK 70/30 1” 6” NON 4000 psi @ 90 Days No

73262 5.5SK 3/8” 70/30 6” WRA ADVA 5000 psi @ 28 Days No

73462 6.5SK 3/8” 70/30 WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

74335 6.0SK 70/30 1” 4” SLUMP AEA WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days Yes

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

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Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle of ConcreteBusiness-to-Business EPD and Cradle-to-Gate LCA

This EPD is intended for use in Business to Business (B-to-B) communication. The scope of this EPD is cradle-to-gate and considers the following life cycle stages.

• A1 - Raw Material Supply: Includes all upstream processes related to extraction, handling, and processing of theraw materials and intermediate component products as well as fuels used in the production of concrete. Componentproducts include cement, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregate (coarse and fine), water, admixtures andother materials or chemicals used in concrete mixtures.

• A2 - Transportation: Accounts for the transportation of all input materials and fuels from the supplier to the gate ofthe concrete plant.

• A3 - Manufacturing (Core Processes): Includes all core processes and the energy and water used to store, move,batch and mix the concrete and operate the concrete plant as well as the transportation and processing of wastesfrom these core processes.

Figure 1: Cradle-to-gate product system for concrete

A1 Raw Material Supply: Upstream Processes

A2 Transportation

NATURALAGGREGATE

QuarrySort

CRUSHEDAGGREGATE

QuarryCrushSort

CEMENTMaterial Input

Crush/GrindClinker production

& handling Grinding/packaging

SCM

Secondary Material (waste)

InputMaterial Input

Process and Handling

WATER

Varies

ADMIXTURES

Varies

A3 Manufacturing: Core Processes

PURCHASEDELECTRICITY

NATURALGAS DIESEL WASTE

PROCESSESBATCH & WASH

WATER

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Methodology of Underlying LCA

Declared Unit

The declared units are 1 cubic meter and 1 cubic yard for 30 ready mixed concrete products. Key product variables include:

• Compressive Strength: Compressive strengths are represented in the 30 mix designs and include the number ofdays after pouring as a part of the reference value: e.g. 3,000 psi (20.7 MPa) @ 28 days; 4,000 psi (27.6 MPa) @ 56 days;6,000 psi (31.0 MPa) @ 90 days, etc.;

• Water to cementious materials ratio (w/cm): as per mix design specification provided by CalPortland in accor-dance with ACI 211.1;

• SCM reactivity: as per mix design specification provided by CalPortland in accordance with ACI 211.1;• Admixtures use: Admixture use was specified for the different mixes that were modeled. These admixtures includ-

ed an air-entraining admixture, water reducing and accelerating admixtures, and high range water reducer admix-tures.

Product (mix design) components include: portland cement, fly ash, natural and crushed aggregates, admixtures and batch water.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Scope of LCA

A summary of life cycle stages included in the EPD is as follows: • Raw Material Supply (upstream processes): Extraction, handling

and processing of the raw materials used in production of concrete: cement, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregate (coarse and fine), water, admixtures and other materials or chemicals used in concrete mixtures.

• Transportation: Transportation of these materials from supplier tothe ‘gate’ of the concrete producer.

• Manufacturing (core processes): The energy used to store, batch,mix and distribute the concrete and operate the facility (concrete plant)

• Water use in mixing and distributing concrete.

A summary of processes excluded from the EPD is as follows: • Production, manufacture and construction of buildings, capital

goods and infrastructure. • Production and manufacture of concrete production equipment,

concrete delivery vehicles, earthmoving equipment and laboratory equipment.

• Personnel-related activities (travel, furniture, office supplies).• Energy and water use related to company management and sales

activities.

Cut-off Rules

The cut-off criteria for all activity stage flows considered within the sys-tem boundary conform with ISO14044:2006 and section 3.3 of the gov-erning PCR. Specifically, the cut-off criteria were applied as follows:

• All inputs and outputs for which data are available are included in the calculated effects and no collected core processdata are excluded.

• A one percent cut-off is considered for renewable and non-renewable primary energy consumption and the total massof inputs within a unit process. The sum of the total neglected flows does not exceed 5% of all energy consumption andmass of inputs.

• All flows known to contribute a significant impact or to uncertainty (e.g., portland cement and admixtures) are included.• The cut-off rules are not applied to hazardous and toxic material flows – all of which are included in the life cycle inven-

tory.

Allocation

The applied allocation procedures conform with ISO14044 clause 4.3.4.

Note: CalPortland’s Tumwater plant is a truck-mixing plant where the concrete mixing occurs within mixer trucks after they are loaded and at the project site; for these operations, a portion of the de-livery truck’s energy use that would typ-ically be captured under “Construction and Process Stage” A4-Transportation (to site) is allocated to the mixing of con-crete for truck-mixing plants and is cap-tured in information module A3. This system boundary refinement address-es the difference between truck-mix-ing and central-mixing concrete plants where the latter plant type fully mixes the concrete prior to loading the con-crete into delivery trucks. This EPD has been prepared in accordance with the guidance provided in clarifications 1, 2, and 3 of Version 1.1 PCR (6/1/2015).

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Limitations

The limitations of this EPD include:

• This EPD does not report all of the environmental impacts due to manufacturing of the product, but rather reportsthe environmental impacts for those categories with established LCA-based methods to track and report. Unreportedenvironmental impacts include (but are not limited to) factors attributable to human health, land use change, andhabitat destruction.

• In order to assess the local impacts of product manufacturing , additional analysis is required.• This EPD reports the results of an LCA or the ‘cradle-to-gate’ analysis. Thus, declarations themselves are not compar-

ative assertions, defined as an environmental claim regarding the superiority or equivalence of one product versus acompeting product that perfroms the same function. An EPD does not make any statements that the product covered by the EPD is better or worse than any other product.

• CalPortland may participate in other sustainability or environmental best practice programs. However, no such addi-tional environmental claim or declaration is conveyed in this EPD.

• EPDs of concrete mixtures may not be comparable if they do not comply with this standard and data from this EPD.The data cannot be used to compare between concrete mixes, construction products or concrete mixtures used indifferent concrete products unless the data is integrated into a comprehensive LCA. For example, precast concrete,concrete masonry units and site cast concrete all have different manufacturing processes whose impacts are attributed to different LCA stages. This precludes direct comparison between mixtures used in these different products unless alllife cycle phases are included.

• Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints,the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks.

• This EPD was created using industry-average data for upstream materials. Variation can result from differences insupplier locations, manufacturing processes, manufacturing efficiency and fuel type used.

Data Sources and Data Quality Assessment

This EPD is based on foreground LCI data collected from CalPortland’s production facilities. All upstream material, resource and energy carrier inputs have been sourced from various industry-average datasets and literature. Many of these data sets are defaulted to those specified for use in the CLF PCR. Care was taken to fill known data gaps (dummies) as recorded in the USLCI database profiles. Tables 2 to 4 describe each LCI data source for raw materials (A1), transportation by mode (A2), the RMC core manufacture process (A3), and descriptions of data quality for each data source.

This EPD was created using industry-average data for upstream materials. Variation can result from differences in supplier locations, manufacturing processes, manufacturing efficiency and fuel type used.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 2: A1 - Raw Material Supply

Material/Unit LCI data source Geography Year Data Quality Assessment

Cement (lbs)

Version 1.0 original 30 mixes at each plant: WBCSD-CSI tool for EPDs of concrete and cement - Background Report. Chinese-specific clinker factors and kiln fuels assumed.1

China 2014-2015

• Technology: good Process represents average cement production in China. • Time: very good. • Geography: very good• Completeness: good

•

Reliability: very good

Slag Cement (lbs)Slag Cement Association N. American EPD of Slag Cement, 2015

N. America 2013-2014

Technology: good Process models ground granulated blast furnace slag. • Time: good Data is within 5 years.• Geography: very good• Completeness: good • Reliability: very good

Fly Ash (lbs) None, no incoming burden. N/A N/A N/A

Crushed Aggregates (lbs) coarse and fine

ecoinvent process: “Gravel, crushed, at mine” ecoinvent 2.02, CLF PCR Default

EU 2004

• Technology: good Processes represent aggregate, with and without crushing. Dust emissions are estimated from limestone mining. • Time: fair Data is twelve years old. • Geography: fair Processes model Swiss production (no U.S. process in USLCI database). • Completeness: very good • Reliability: very good Data is verified by ecoinvent.

Admixtures (lbs) Air EntrainerWater reducing and high-range water reducer

EFCA EcoProfiles (301, 324 and 325)http://www.efca.info/publications.html

EU 2005-2006

• Technology: very good

• Time: fairData is within ten years• Geography: fair• Completeness: good Data from a federation of European admixture producers• Reliability: good Profiles have undergone an independent review process. Compliance with ISO standards (unknown)

Note 1: WBCSD-CSI tool has not been verified for use with referenced PCR. Data Quality Assessment is assumed. The WBCSD-CSI tool has been verified for use with the International EPD System PCR for cement and concrete

Version 1.1 additional mixes – see Supplementary LCA Information:Portland Cement Association EPD USA Portland Cement2

USA 2014 Time: very good Geography: very good• Completeness: good

• Reliability: very good

Technology: good Process represents average US cement production.

Note 2: US average data was used for modeling the additional mixes added in the revised Version 1.1, August 13, 2018. This data was deemed to be the best available data at the time Version 1.1 was published.

•

•

•

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 3: A2 - Transportation

Process LCI Data Source Geography Year Data Quality Assessment

Truck, rail, ocean freighter and barge (lbs*miles)

USLCI – single unit truck transport, diesel powered; rail transport, diesel powered; ocean freighter, average fuel mix; barge, average fuel mix

USA 2008

• Technology: very good Process represents U.S. average transportation profiles • Time: fair Data is within 10 years • Geography: good• Completeness: good (all data place holders filled) • Reliability: good

Table 4: A3 - Manufacturing

Process LCI Data Source Geography Year Data Quality Assessment

Electricity (kWh)

ecoinvent 3.01, 2014 LCI datasets for:Electricity, medium voltage {WECC, US only}

USA/Washington 2008

• Technology: very goodProcess represents production of electricity in the appropri-ate NERC region. • Time: fairData is within ten years.• Geography: very good• Completeness: goodData is representative of Washington production.• Reliability: goodData has been verified by ecoinvent.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Table 4: A3 - Manufacturing (continued)

Process LCI Data Source Geography Year Data Quality Assessment

Liquified Propane Gas (gallon)

US LCI: Liquefied petroleum gas, combusted in industrial boiler/US

US 2008

• Technology: very good Process represents combustion of LPG in an industrial boiler• Time: fair Data is within ten years. • Geography: fair • Completeness: good Data is representative of U.S. conditions. • Reliability: good Data is from USLCI database.

Natural Gas (cu. ft.)USLCI, Natural gas, combusted in industrial boiler/US

USA 2008

• Technology: very good Process represents combustion of natural gas in an industrial boiler. • Time: fair Data is within ten years. • Geography: fair • Completeness: good Data is representative of U.S. conditions. • Reliability: good Data is from USLCI database.

Diesel (gallon)USLCI, Diesel, combusted in industrial equipment/US

USA 2008

• Technology: very good Process represents combustion of diesel in industrial equipment. • Time: fair Data is within ten years. • Geography: fair • Completeness: good Data is representative of U.S. conditions. • Reliability: good Data is from USLCI database.

Non-Hazardous Solid Waste (lbs)

ecoinvent 3.01; Waste concrete {RoW}| treatment of, inert material landfill | Alloc Def, U - Adjusted for US electricity grid

EU/USA 2003

• Technology: good• Time: poor Data is based on 2003 data, republished in 2013. • Geography: fair Processes model Swiss production (no U.S. process in USLCI database). • Completeness: very good • Reliability: very good Data is verified by ecoinvent.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Data Quality

Data quality/variability requirements, as specified in the CLF PCR: 2013 sections 3.5 and 3.6, are applied. This section de-scribes the achieved data quality relative to the ISO 14044:2006 requirements. Data quality is judged on the basis of its precision (measured, calculated or estimated), completeness (e.g., unreported emissions), consistency (degree of unifor-mity of the methodology applied within a study serving as a data source) and representativeness (geographical, temporal, and technological).

Precision: Through measurement and calculation, the manufacturer collected and provided primary data on their annual production RMC products. For accuracy, the LCA team validated these plant gate-to-gate input and output data.

Completeness: All relevant specific processes, including inputs (raw materials, energy and ancillary materials) and outputs (emissions and production volume) were considered and modeled to represent the specified and declared RMC products. The relevant background materials and processes were taken from the US LCI Database (adjusted for known data place-holders)and US system boundary adjusted ecoinvent v 2.2 and v3.0 LCI databases were modeled in SimaPro software v.8.0.1, 2014.

Consistency: To ensure consistency, the LCI modeling of the production weighted input and output LCI data for the de-clared products used the same modeling structure across the respective product systems, which consisted of input raw and ancillary material, energy flows, water resource inputs, product and co-products outputs, returned and recovered concrete materials, emissions to air, water and soil, and waste recycling and treatment. The same background LCI datasets from the SimaPro LCI database were used across all RMC product systems. Crosschecks concerning the plausibility of mass and energy flows were continuously conducted. The LCA team conducted mass and energy balances at the plant and se-lected process level to maintain a high level of consistency.

Reproducibility: Internal reproducibility is possible since the data and the models are stored and available in a SimaPro database for all background processes, and in Athena’s proprietary concrete LCA calculator* for all production facility and mix-specific calculations. A considerable level of transparency is provided throughout the LCA report as the specifications and material quantity make-up for the declared RMC products are presented and key primary and secondary LCI data sources are summarized. The provision of more detailed data to allow full external reproducibility was not possible due to reasons of confidentiality. * Athena has developed a propietary excel-based tool that allows the calculation of PCR-compliant LCA results for ready-mixed concrete product mix designs. The tool scales results for base-unit technosphere inputs (i.e. 1lb port-land cement, 1 kWh electricity, etc.) to replicate the reference flow conversions that take place in SimaPro. The tool was tested against the NRMCA average LCA results (Athena SMI, 2014) that were developed exclusviely in SimaPro and generated results within 1-2% in every impact category and inventory metric.

Representativeness: The representativeness of the data is summarized as follows.

• Time related coverage of the manufacturing processes’ primary collected data: 2014 (12 months).• Upstream (background) LCI data was either the PCR specified default or more appropriate LCI datasets as found in the

US LCI (adjusted) Database, US adjusted ecoinvent v.2.2 and v.3.0 database, 2014.• Geographical coverage for the cement and RMC plant operations is Washington, USA; other upstream and background

processes are based on North American average data.• Technological coverage is typical or average – specific to CalPortland’s Dupont, Duwamish, and Tumwater facilities for

all primary data.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

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Life Cycle Assessment Results

Environmental Indicators and Inventory Metrics

Per the governing PCR, this EPD supports 15 life cycle impact assessment indicators and inventory metrics as listed in Table 5. Tables 6a - 8b report the LCA results for each product produced at the Dupont, Duwamish, and Tumwater plants, respec-tively. Tables 6a, 7a, and 8a show cubic meter results and Tables 6b, 7b, and 8b show cubic yard results.

Table 5. Life Cycle Category Indicators and Inventory Metrics

# LCIA Indicators Abbreviations Units

1 Global Warming Potential (climate change) GWP kg CO2-eq

2 Ozone Depletion Potential ODP kg CFC-11-eq

3 Acidification Potential AP kg SO2-eq

4 Eutrophication Potential EP kg N-eq

5 Photochemical Ozone Creation/Smog Potential POCP kg O3-eq

Life Cycle Inventory Metrics

6 Total primary energy consumption PEC MJ (HHV)

7 Depletion of non-renewable energy resources NRE MJ (HHV)

8 Use of renewable primary energy RE MJ (HHV)

9 Depletion of non-renewable material resources NRM kg

10 Use of renewable material resources RM kg

11 Concrete batching water consumption CBW m3

12 Concrete washing water consumption CWW m3

13 Total water consumption TW m3

14 Hazardous waste HW kg

15 Non-hazardous waste NHW kg*HHV, higher heating value (also called gross calorific value) is the heat of combustion of a given amount of fuel that includes the calorific value of condensing the water content of the fuel (the heat of vaporization). The lower heating value (LHV) excludes the heat of vaporization of the water content and thus the HHV is equal to the LHV plus the heat of vapor-ization.

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

16

Impact Assessment Results

Table 6a. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Dupont Plant, per cubic meter

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 306.72 4.64E-6 1.72 0.37 40.77 2232.78 2195.04 37.74 2070.62 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 17.51

3110 306.17 4.61E-6 1.72 0.37 40.72 2224.00 2186.45 37.55 1984.08 0.28 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 17.51

3123 307.23 4.64E-6 3.88 0.51 64.38 2244.52 2206.83 37.69 2082.97 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.00 17.51

3210 334.74 5.00E-6 1.87 0.41 44.34 2414.27 2373.58 40.69 1971.73 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 17.51

3262 335.48 5.01E-6 4.25 0.56 70.34 2430.03 2389.35 40.68 2058.25 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 17.51

3310 363.37 5.36E-6 2.02 0.44 48.01 2600.03 2556.36 43.67 1947.00 0.28 0.15 0.13 4.10 0.00 17.51

3421 391.92 5.76E-6 4.62 0.63 78.36 2798.98 2752.23 46.75 2030.44 0.29 0.15 0.13 4.39 0.00 17.51

4335 220.33 5.95E-6 1.48 0.29 31.16 1940.61 1902.36 38.25 1917.96 0.69 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 17.51

53100 165.61 2.79E-6 0.97 0.21 22.73 1309.31 1286.54 22.77 2058.25 0.29 0.15 0.13 2.00 0.00 17.51

53123 189.06 5.17E-6 3.44 0.38 50.42 1706.32 1672.84 33.48 2078.35 0.64 0.15 0.13 1.99 0.04 17.51

53262 205.20 5.57E-6 3.76 0.42 55.06 1830.54 1794.68 35.86 2047.60 0.67 0.15 0.13 2.14 0.05 17.51

53462 237.89 6.40E-6 4.40 0.49 64.18 2091.23 2050.30 40.93 2004.64 0.73 0.15 0.13 2.44 0.05 17.51

60877 447.60 6.67E-6 2.50 0.53 59.25 3156.17 3103.19 52.98 1808.16 0.26 0.16 0.13 5.01 0.01 17.51

60942 325.12 5.92E-6 5.58 0.63 83.76 2485.79 2442.01 43.78 2012.69 0.47 0.14 0.13 3.55 0.02 17.51

61514 432.34 7.40E-6 7.08 0.82 107.57 3192.30 3136.92 55.38 1910.78 0.47 0.15 0.13 4.70 0.02 17.51

61805 346.95 6.20E-6 5.09 0.62 79.88 2623.79 2577.72 46.08 1981.79 0.46 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 17.51

61806 346.99 6.20E-6 4.95 0.61 78.39 2624.46 2578.39 46.07 1978.70 0.46 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 17.51

61818 345.78 6.12E-6 4.01 0.55 68.04 2603.28 2557.59 45.69 1907.58 0.44 0.14 0.13 3.78 0.02 17.51

63066 293.38 5.76E-6 4.83 0.56 73.19 2302.82 2261.41 41.41 2009.80 0.51 0.15 0.13 3.19 0.03 17.51

63125 315.42 5.52E-6 1.83 0.39 42.27 2378.92 2337.20 41.72 2077.36 0.42 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 17.51

63135 314.54 5.46E-6 1.83 0.39 42.19 2365.23 2323.81 41.42 1935.20 0.40 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 17.51

63169 316.89 5.63E-6 5.34 0.61 80.64 2408.91 2366.79 42.13 2037.28 0.43 0.14 0.13 3.48 0.02 17.51

64335 220.60 5.95E-6 3.47 0.41 52.89 1947.71 1909.48 38.24 1905.60 0.69 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 17.51

64806 333.31 6.41E-6 4.97 0.60 77.52 2579.42 2533.26 46.17 2009.89 0.53 0.14 0.13 3.59 0.03 17.51

64816 317.15 6.48E-6 4.91 0.58 75.61 2505.02 2459.45 45.57 2003.92 0.58 0.14 0.13 3.39 0.03 17.51

73100 141.07 5.37E-6 1.10 0.20 21.23 1476.42 1444.72 31.70 2078.97 0.78 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 17.51

73123 141.64 5.37E-6 3.26 0.33 44.84 1488.74 1456.99 31.74 2078.97 0.78 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 17.51

73262 152.57 5.78E-6 3.56 0.36 48.81 1587.09 1553.24 33.85 2054.46 0.82 0.15 0.13 1.48 0.06 17.51

73462 184.38 6.96E-6 4.41 0.44 60.08 1877.32 1837.20 40.12 1968.53 0.93 0.15 0.13 1.73 0.08 17.51

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

17

Impact Assessment Results

Table 6b. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Dupont Plant, per cubic yard

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 234.81 3.56E-6 1.32 0.29 31.21 1709.30 1680.41 28.89 1585.16 0.22 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 13.40

3110 234.38 3.53E-6 1.31 0.29 31.17 1702.58 1673.83 28.74 1518.91 0.21 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 13.40

3123 235.20 3.55E-6 2.97 0.39 49.29 1718.29 1689.44 28.85 1594.62 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.00 13.40

3210 256.26 3.83E-6 1.43 0.31 33.94 1848.24 1817.09 31.15 1509.45 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 13.40

3262 256.83 3.83E-6 3.25 0.43 53.85 1860.31 1829.16 31.14 1575.69 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 13.40

3310 278.18 4.11E-6 1.55 0.34 36.75 1990.45 1957.02 33.43 1490.53 0.21 0.11 0.10 3.14 0.00 13.40

3421 300.03 4.41E-6 3.54 0.48 59.99 2142.75 2106.97 35.79 1554.40 0.22 0.11 0.10 3.36 0.00 13.40

4335 168.67 4.55E-6 1.13 0.22 23.85 1485.63 1456.35 29.28 1468.29 0.53 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 13.40

53100 126.79 2.14E-6 0.74 0.16 17.40 1002.34 984.91 17.43 1575.69 0.22 0.12 0.10 1.53 0.00 13.40

53123 144.73 3.96E-6 2.63 0.29 38.60 1306.27 1280.64 25.63 1591.08 0.49 0.11 0.10 1.52 0.03 13.40

53262 157.09 4.26E-6 2.88 0.32 42.15 1401.37 1373.92 27.45 1567.54 0.51 0.11 0.10 1.64 0.04 13.40

53462 182.12 4.90E-6 3.37 0.37 49.14 1600.94 1569.61 31.33 1534.65 0.56 0.11 0.10 1.87 0.04 13.40

60877 342.66 5.11E-6 1.91 0.41 45.36 2416.20 2375.64 40.56 1384.23 0.20 0.12 0.10 3.83 0.01 13.40

60942 248.90 4.54E-6 4.27 0.48 64.12 1903.00 1869.48 33.52 1540.82 0.36 0.11 0.10 2.72 0.02 13.40

61514 330.97 5.66E-6 5.42 0.62 82.35 2443.86 2401.46 42.40 1462.80 0.36 0.11 0.10 3.60 0.02 13.40

61805 265.60 4.75E-6 3.89 0.47 61.15 2008.64 1973.37 35.27 1517.16 0.35 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 13.40

61806 265.63 4.75E-6 3.79 0.47 60.01 2009.16 1973.88 35.27 1514.79 0.35 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 13.40

61818 264.71 4.69E-6 3.07 0.42 52.09 1992.94 1957.96 34.98 1460.35 0.34 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.02 13.40

63066 224.59 4.41E-6 3.69 0.43 56.03 1762.92 1731.22 31.70 1538.60 0.39 0.11 0.10 2.44 0.02 13.40

63125 241.47 4.22E-6 1.40 0.30 32.36 1821.18 1789.24 31.94 1590.32 0.32 0.11 0.10 2.68 0.01 13.40

63135 240.80 4.18E-6 1.40 0.30 32.30 1810.70 1778.99 31.71 1481.49 0.31 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.01 13.40

63169 242.59 4.31E-6 4.09 0.47 61.74 1844.14 1811.89 32.25 1559.64 0.33 0.11 0.10 2.66 0.01 13.40

64335 168.88 4.55E-6 2.66 0.32 40.49 1491.07 1461.80 29.27 1458.83 0.53 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 13.40

64806 255.17 4.91E-6 3.81 0.46 59.35 1974.67 1939.33 35.34 1538.67 0.41 0.11 0.10 2.75 0.02 13.40

64816 242.79 4.96E-6 3.76 0.45 57.89 1917.72 1882.83 34.88 1534.10 0.44 0.11 0.10 2.59 0.03 13.40

73100 108.00 4.11E-6 0.84 0.15 16.26 1130.27 1106.00 24.26 1591.55 0.60 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 13.40

73123 108.44 4.11E-6 2.49 0.26 34.32 1139.70 1115.40 24.30 1591.55 0.60 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 13.40

73262 116.80 4.42E-6 2.72 0.28 37.36 1215.00 1189.08 25.92 1572.79 0.63 0.11 0.10 1.13 0.05 13.41

73462 141.15 5.33E-6 3.38 0.34 46.00 1437.18 1406.47 30.71 1507.00 0.71 0.11 0.10 1.32 0.06 13.41

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

18

Impact Assessment Results

Table 7a. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Duwamish Plant, per cubic meter

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 349.68 4.75E-6 2.10 0.40 51.80 2849.90 2807.46 42.44 2107.73 0.33 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 20.19

3110 347.90 4.72E-6 2.09 0.40 51.54 2824.25 2782.00 42.25 2021.19 0.32 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 20.19

3123 350.35 4.75E-6 4.26 0.54 75.44 2863.83 2821.44 42.39 2120.09 0.33 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.00 20.19

3210 375.77 5.10E-6 2.23 0.44 55.03 3004.88 2959.50 45.38 2002.66 0.32 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 20.19

3262 377.98 5.12E-6 4.62 0.59 81.28 3040.87 2995.47 45.40 2101.55 0.33 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 20.19

3310 403.46 5.46E-6 2.38 0.47 58.55 3177.53 3129.20 48.32 1971.75 0.32 0.15 0.13 4.10 0.00 20.19

3421 433.66 5.87E-6 8.15 0.86 123.62 3405.60 3354.15 51.45 2064.47 0.33 0.15 0.13 4.39 0.00 20.19

4335 260.04 6.05E-6 1.84 0.32 41.62 2513.12 2470.18 42.94 1942.71 0.73 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 20.20

53100 210.43 2.90E-6 1.36 0.24 34.09 1951.81 1924.35 27.46 2095.37 0.33 0.15 0.13 2.00 0.00 20.19

53123 232.03 5.27E-6 3.81 0.42 61.46 2323.50 2285.34 38.16 2115.46 0.68 0.15 0.13 1.99 0.04 20.20

53262 247.31 5.67E-6 4.13 0.45 65.95 2435.91 2395.38 40.53 2084.71 0.71 0.15 0.13 2.14 0.05 20.20

53462 278.48 6.50E-6 4.77 0.51 74.80 2675.78 2630.17 45.61 2035.57 0.77 0.15 0.13 2.44 0.05 20.20

60877 484.25 6.78E-6 2.83 0.56 69.19 3686.21 3628.56 57.65 1842.18 0.30 0.16 0.13 5.01 0.01 20.19

60942 366.09 6.03E-6 5.03 0.60 84.43 3073.92 3025.42 48.51 2059.08 0.51 0.14 0.13 3.55 0.02 20.19

61514 470.58 7.50E-6 10.08 1.01 146.69 3749.77 3689.70 60.07 1938.62 0.51 0.15 0.13 4.70 0.02 20.19

61805 387.10 6.31E-6 5.45 0.65 90.41 3202.40 3151.62 50.78 2015.81 0.50 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 20.19

61806 387.15 6.31E-6 5.31 0.64 88.93 3203.19 3152.41 50.78 2015.81 0.50 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 20.19

61818 384.93 6.23E-6 4.36 0.58 78.40 3168.08 3117.69 50.39 1941.61 0.48 0.14 0.13 3.78 0.02 20.19

63066 335.40 5.88E-6 7.40 0.73 108.05 2911.82 2865.66 46.15 2065.45 0.55 0.15 0.13 3.19 0.03 20.19

63125 356.94 5.61E-6 2.20 0.42 53.07 2975.83 2929.49 46.34 2077.39 0.46 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 20.19

63135 354.94 5.57E-6 2.19 0.42 52.77 2947.27 2901.14 46.13 1978.49 0.45 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 20.19

63169 358.45 5.74E-6 4.84 0.58 81.91 3005.08 2958.23 46.85 2083.66 0.47 0.14 0.13 3.48 0.02 20.19

64335 260.36 6.05E-6 3.83 0.44 63.36 2520.87 2477.93 42.94 1942.71 0.73 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 20.20

64806 373.91 6.52E-6 5.34 0.63 88.13 3164.30 3113.40 50.89 2050.09 0.57 0.14 0.13 3.59 0.03 20.19

64816 357.71 6.59E-6 5.27 0.61 86.22 3089.46 3039.16 50.30 2047.21 0.62 0.14 0.13 3.39 0.03 20.20

73100 184.03 5.47E-6 1.47 0.23 32.28 2093.23 2056.87 36.36 2116.08 0.82 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 20.20

73123 184.62 5.48E-6 3.63 0.36 55.88 2105.91 2069.49 36.42 2116.08 0.82 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 20.20

73262 194.81 5.88E-6 3.93 0.39 59.72 2194.26 2155.72 38.54 2091.57 0.86 0.15 0.13 1.48 0.06 20.20

73462 225.33 7.12E-6 4.77 0.47 70.63 2469.06 2423.85 45.22 2011.83 0.99 0.15 0.13 1.73 0.08 20.20

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

19

Impact Assessment Results

Table 7b. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Duwamish Plant, per cubic yard

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 267.70 3.64E-6 1.61 0.31 39.66 2181.74 2149.25 32.49 1613.57 0.25 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 15.46

3110 266.33 3.61E-6 1.60 0.31 39.45 2162.10 2129.76 32.34 1547.32 0.24 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 15.46

3123 268.21 3.64E-6 3.26 0.41 57.75 2192.41 2159.95 32.45 1623.03 0.25 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.00 15.46

3210 287.67 3.91E-6 1.71 0.33 42.13 2300.38 2265.64 34.74 1533.13 0.25 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 15.46

3262 289.36 3.92E-6 3.54 0.45 62.23 2327.93 2293.18 34.76 1608.84 0.25 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 15.46

3310 308.87 4.18E-6 1.82 0.36 44.82 2432.55 2395.56 36.99 1509.47 0.24 0.11 0.10 3.14 0.00 15.46

3421 331.99 4.49E-6 6.24 0.66 94.63 2607.15 2567.77 39.38 1580.45 0.25 0.11 0.10 3.36 0.00 15.46

4335 199.08 4.63E-6 1.41 0.24 31.86 1923.91 1891.04 32.87 1487.24 0.56 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 15.46

53100 161.09 2.22E-6 1.04 0.18 26.10 1494.21 1473.18 21.02 1604.11 0.25 0.12 0.10 1.53 0.00 15.46

53123 177.63 4.04E-6 2.92 0.32 47.05 1778.75 1749.54 29.21 1619.49 0.52 0.11 0.10 1.52 0.03 15.46

53262 189.33 4.34E-6 3.16 0.34 50.49 1864.81 1833.78 31.03 1595.95 0.54 0.11 0.10 1.64 0.04 15.46

53462 213.19 4.98E-6 3.65 0.39 57.27 2048.44 2013.52 34.92 1558.33 0.59 0.11 0.10 1.87 0.04 15.46

60877 370.71 5.19E-6 2.17 0.43 52.97 2821.98 2777.84 44.14 1410.28 0.23 0.12 0.10 3.83 0.01 15.46

60942 280.26 4.62E-6 3.85 0.46 64.64 2353.24 2316.10 37.13 1576.32 0.39 0.11 0.10 2.72 0.02 15.46

61514 360.25 5.74E-6 7.72 0.77 112.30 2870.64 2824.65 45.99 1484.11 0.39 0.11 0.10 3.60 0.02 15.46

61805 296.34 4.83E-6 4.17 0.50 69.22 2451.59 2412.72 38.87 1543.20 0.38 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 15.46

61806 296.38 4.83E-6 4.06 0.49 68.08 2452.20 2413.33 38.87 1543.20 0.38 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 15.46

61818 294.68 4.77E-6 3.34 0.44 60.02 2425.32 2386.74 38.58 1486.39 0.37 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.02 15.46

63066 256.77 4.50E-6 5.66 0.56 82.72 2229.14 2193.80 35.33 1581.20 0.42 0.11 0.10 2.44 0.02 15.46

63125 273.26 4.30E-6 1.69 0.32 40.63 2278.15 2242.67 35.48 1590.34 0.35 0.11 0.10 2.68 0.01 15.46

63135 271.72 4.27E-6 1.68 0.32 40.40 2256.28 2220.96 35.31 1514.63 0.34 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.01 15.46

63169 274.41 4.40E-6 3.70 0.45 62.70 2300.53 2264.67 35.86 1595.15 0.36 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.01 15.46

64335 199.32 4.63E-6 2.93 0.34 48.50 1929.85 1896.98 32.87 1487.24 0.56 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 15.46

64806 286.25 4.99E-6 4.08 0.48 67.47 2422.42 2383.46 38.96 1569.44 0.44 0.11 0.10 2.75 0.02 15.46

64816 273.85 5.04E-6 4.04 0.47 66.00 2365.13 2326.63 38.51 1567.24 0.47 0.11 0.10 2.59 0.03 15.46

73100 140.88 4.19E-6 1.13 0.17 24.71 1602.47 1574.63 27.84 1619.96 0.63 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 15.46

73123 141.34 4.19E-6 2.78 0.28 42.78 1612.18 1584.30 27.88 1619.96 0.63 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 15.46

73262 149.14 4.50E-6 3.01 0.30 45.72 1679.81 1650.31 29.51 1601.20 0.66 0.11 0.10 1.13 0.05 15.46

73462 172.50 5.45E-6 3.65 0.36 54.07 1890.19 1855.58 34.61 1540.16 0.76 0.11 0.10 1.33 0.06 15.46

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

20

Impact Assessment Results

Table 8a. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Tumwater Plant, per cubic meter

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 316.05 4.61E-6 1.77 0.37 42.06 2358.15 2320.14 38.01 2082.96 0.27 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 14.82

3110 313.89 4.64E-6 1.75 0.38 41.56 2330.11 2291.79 38.32 1984.08 0.28 0.15 0.13 3.50 0.00 14.82

3123 315.58 4.67E-6 3.92 0.51 65.33 2359.32 2320.85 38.47 2082.98 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.00 14.82

3210 341.76 5.03E-6 1.90 0.41 45.05 2510.91 2469.44 41.47 1977.91 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 14.82

3262 343.43 5.04E-6 3.44 0.51 62.03 2537.65 2496.19 41.46 2058.25 0.29 0.15 0.13 3.79 0.00 14.82

3310 370.43 5.39E-6 2.05 0.44 48.73 2696.86 2652.42 44.44 1947.00 0.29 0.15 0.13 4.10 0.00 14.82

3421 399.53 5.79E-6 4.66 0.63 79.18 2903.61 2856.09 47.52 2030.45 0.30 0.15 0.13 4.39 0.00 14.82

4335 227.52 5.98E-6 1.51 0.29 31.90 2039.35 2000.34 39.01 1905.60 0.70 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 14.82

53100 172.82 2.82E-6 1.00 0.21 23.48 1408.39 1384.84 23.55 2058.26 0.29 0.15 0.13 2.00 0.00 14.82

53123 196.77 5.20E-6 3.47 0.39 51.26 1812.37 1778.10 34.27 2090.71 0.65 0.15 0.13 1.99 0.04 14.82

53262 213.78 5.60E-6 3.80 0.42 56.05 1948.55 1911.90 36.64 2059.96 0.67 0.15 0.13 2.14 0.05 14.82

53462 246.22 6.43E-6 4.44 0.49 65.12 2205.77 2164.05 41.72 2010.83 0.74 0.15 0.13 2.44 0.05 14.82

60877 456.53 6.91E-6 2.54 0.55 59.77 3287.80 3232.46 55.34 1817.48 0.35 0.16 0.13 5.02 0.01 14.82

60942 332.65 5.96E-6 5.62 0.64 84.57 2589.31 2544.75 44.56 2012.69 0.47 0.14 0.13 3.55 0.02 14.82

61514 439.43 7.43E-6 3.73 0.61 71.42 3283.31 3227.13 56.17 1916.96 0.48 0.15 0.13 4.70 0.02 14.82

61805 354.50 6.24E-6 5.12 0.62 80.68 2727.63 2680.77 46.86 1984.88 0.47 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 14.82

61806 354.47 6.23E-6 4.99 0.61 79.19 2727.36 2680.51 46.85 1978.70 0.47 0.15 0.13 3.80 0.02 14.82

61818 353.14 6.16E-6 4.04 0.55 68.81 2704.59 2658.10 46.49 1916.86 0.45 0.14 0.13 3.78 0.02 14.82

63066 301.44 5.80E-6 4.86 0.56 74.08 2413.93 2371.69 42.23 2028.34 0.51 0.15 0.13 3.19 0.03 14.82

63125 322.55 5.54E-6 1.87 0.39 43.02 2476.62 2434.18 42.44 2040.28 0.43 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 14.82

63135 321.66 5.49E-6 1.86 0.39 42.93 2463.13 2420.94 42.19 1935.20 0.41 0.15 0.13 3.49 0.02 14.82

63169 325.44 5.67E-6 5.38 0.61 81.61 2526.83 2483.87 42.96 2058.91 0.44 0.14 0.13 3.48 0.02 14.82

64335 227.83 5.98E-6 3.50 0.42 53.64 2047.13 2008.12 39.01 1905.60 0.70 0.15 0.13 2.29 0.05 14.82

64806 341.08 6.44E-6 5.01 0.60 78.37 2686.11 2639.19 46.93 2016.07 0.54 0.14 0.13 3.59 0.03 14.82

64816 324.73 6.51E-6 4.95 0.59 76.43 2609.18 2562.83 46.35 2003.92 0.58 0.14 0.13 3.39 0.03 14.82

73100 148.90 5.40E-6 1.14 0.20 22.09 1584.14 1551.65 32.49 2085.15 0.79 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 14.82

73123 149.35 5.41E-6 3.29 0.34 45.67 1594.79 1562.26 32.53 2091.33 0.79 0.15 0.13 1.39 0.06 14.82

73262 161.30 5.81E-6 3.60 0.36 49.82 1707.09 1672.45 34.64 2060.64 0.82 0.15 0.13 1.48 0.06 14.82

73462 193.74 7.04E-6 4.46 0.45 61.07 2008.26 1966.95 41.31 1980.90 0.96 0.15 0.13 1.73 0.08 14.83

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

21

Impact Assessment Results

Table 8b. Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Tumwater Plant, per cubic yard

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

3100 241.95 3.53E-6 1.35 0.29 32.20 1805.28 1776.18 29.10 1594.61 0.21 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 11.35

3110 240.29 3.55E-6 1.34 0.29 31.82 1783.82 1754.48 29.34 1518.91 0.22 0.12 0.10 2.68 0.00 11.35

3123 241.59 3.58E-6 3.00 0.39 50.01 1806.17 1776.72 29.45 1594.62 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.00 11.35

3210 261.63 3.85E-6 1.46 0.31 34.49 1922.23 1890.47 31.75 1514.19 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 11.35

3262 262.91 3.86E-6 2.63 0.39 47.49 1942.69 1910.95 31.74 1575.69 0.22 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.00 11.35

3310 283.58 4.13E-6 1.57 0.34 37.31 2064.58 2030.56 34.02 1490.53 0.22 0.11 0.10 3.14 0.00 11.35

3421 305.86 4.43E-6 3.57 0.48 60.61 2222.86 2186.48 36.38 1554.41 0.23 0.11 0.10 3.36 0.00 11.35

4335 174.18 4.57E-6 1.16 0.22 24.42 1561.22 1531.36 29.87 1458.83 0.53 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 11.35

53100 132.30 2.16E-6 0.77 0.16 17.98 1078.19 1060.16 18.03 1575.70 0.23 0.12 0.10 1.53 0.00 11.35

53123 150.63 3.98E-6 2.66 0.30 39.24 1387.46 1361.22 26.24 1600.54 0.50 0.11 0.10 1.52 0.03 11.35

53262 163.66 4.29E-6 2.91 0.32 42.91 1491.71 1463.66 28.05 1577.00 0.52 0.11 0.10 1.64 0.04 11.35

53462 188.49 4.92E-6 3.40 0.37 49.85 1688.63 1656.69 31.94 1539.39 0.57 0.11 0.10 1.87 0.04 11.35

60877 349.50 5.29E-6 1.95 0.42 45.76 2516.97 2474.60 42.37 1391.37 0.27 0.12 0.10 3.84 0.01 11.35

60942 254.66 4.56E-6 4.30 0.49 64.74 1982.24 1948.13 34.11 1540.82 0.36 0.11 0.10 2.72 0.02 11.35

61514 336.41 5.69E-6 2.86 0.46 54.68 2513.53 2470.53 43.00 1467.53 0.36 0.11 0.10 3.60 0.02 11.35

61805 271.38 4.77E-6 3.92 0.48 61.77 2088.13 2052.26 35.87 1519.52 0.36 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 11.35

61806 271.36 4.77E-6 3.82 0.47 60.62 2087.93 2052.06 35.87 1514.79 0.36 0.12 0.10 2.91 0.02 11.35

61818 270.34 4.71E-6 3.09 0.42 52.68 2070.50 2034.90 35.59 1467.45 0.35 0.11 0.10 2.90 0.02 11.35

63066 230.77 4.44E-6 3.72 0.43 56.71 1847.98 1815.65 32.33 1552.79 0.39 0.11 0.10 2.44 0.02 11.35

63125 246.93 4.24E-6 1.43 0.30 32.93 1895.97 1863.48 32.49 1561.93 0.33 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.01 11.35

63135 246.25 4.21E-6 1.42 0.30 32.86 1885.65 1853.35 32.30 1481.49 0.31 0.11 0.10 2.67 0.01 11.35

63169 249.14 4.34E-6 4.12 0.47 62.48 1934.41 1901.52 32.89 1576.20 0.34 0.11 0.10 2.66 0.01 11.35

64335 174.42 4.58E-6 2.68 0.32 41.07 1567.18 1537.31 29.87 1458.83 0.53 0.11 0.10 1.75 0.04 11.35

64806 261.11 4.93E-6 3.84 0.46 60.00 2056.35 2020.43 35.92 1543.40 0.41 0.11 0.10 2.75 0.02 11.35

64816 248.59 4.98E-6 3.79 0.45 58.51 1997.46 1961.98 35.48 1534.10 0.45 0.11 0.10 2.59 0.03 11.35

73100 113.99 4.13E-6 0.87 0.15 16.91 1212.74 1187.86 24.87 1596.29 0.60 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 11.35

73123 114.34 4.14E-6 2.52 0.26 34.96 1220.89 1195.99 24.90 1601.02 0.61 0.11 0.10 1.06 0.04 11.35

73262 123.48 4.45E-6 2.76 0.28 38.14 1306.86 1280.34 26.52 1577.52 0.63 0.11 0.10 1.13 0.05 11.35

73462 148.32 5.39E-6 3.41 0.34 46.75 1537.42 1505.80 31.62 1516.48 0.73 0.11 0.10 1.33 0.06 11.35

CalPortland Company Dupont, Duwamish & Tumwater WA PlantsReady-Mixed Concrete According to ISO 14025

Environmental Product Declaration

22

References

American Concrete Institute (ACI) 211: Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete

American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete

ASTM International (ASTM) C94: Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete

Athena Sustainable Materials Institute: A Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Ready-Mixed Concrete Manufacture by NRMCA Members; Prepared by the Athena Sustainable Materials Institute for the National Ready-Mixed Concrete Associ-ation; October 2014

Carbon Leadership Forum (December 4, 2013). Product Category Rules (PCR) for ISO 14025 Type III Environmental Prod-uct Declarations (EPDs) of Concrete v1.1.

Carbon Leadership Forum (April 10, 2014). Clarification #1 to: PCR for ISO 14025 Type III Environmental Product Declara-tions (EPDs) of Concrete v1.1.

Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) MasterFormat Division 03-30-00 Cast-in-Place Concrete

EN 15804:2012 Sustainability of construction works – Environmental product declarations – Core rules for the product category of construction products.

European Federation of Concrete Admixture Associations (2006). EFCA Environmental Declarations for Admixtures. http://www.efca.info/publications.html

ISO 21930: 2007 Building construction – Sustainability in building construction – Environmental declaration of building products.

ISO 14025: 2006 Environmental labeling and declarations - Type III environmental declarations - Principles and proce-dures.

ISO 14044: 2006 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines.

ISO 14040: 2006 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework.

National Ready Mixed Concrete Association 2013. Program Operator Instructions For Environmental Product Declarations v1.2.

National Renewable Energy Laboratory 2014. U.S. Life Cycle Inventory Database. https://www.lcacommons.gov/nrel/search.

Environmental Product Declaration

EPD Supplement: Duwamish Plant This EPD Supplement reports environmental information for three additional mixes produced by CalPortland’s Duwamish facility. The additional products declared in this EPD are listed in Table ES1.

Table ES1: Product Range Classification

Product ID Product Code Compressive Strength Air Entrained

61946 4.25 SK 3/4 SLAG WRA 4000 psi @ 28 Days No

60530 7.0 SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 10000 psi @ 56 Days No

63068 4.5 SK 3/8 SLAG WRA ADVA 6000 psi @ 28 Days No

The LCA results for the new mixes were calculated using the same model as the 30 mixes declared in the initial publication of this EPD. The LCA results for the additional products are reported in Tables ES2 and ES3.

Table ES2: Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Duwamish Plant, per cubic yard

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

61946 277.45 6.09E-06 1.59 0.32 39.52 2323.40 2288.30 35.09 1902.14 1.72 0.11 0.10 0.21 0.02 17.10

60530 420.53 9.59E-06 9.70 0.96 137.39 3308.49 3256.55 51.95 1912.51 2.68 0.11 0.10 0.21 0.04 18.15

63068 295.18 6.97E-06 6.42 0.64 93.16 2504.23 2465.07 39.16 1850.69 1.89 0.11 0.10 0.21 0.03 17.19

Table ES3: Summary Results (A1-A3): CalPortland’s Duwamish Plant, per cubic meter

Product ID

GWP ODP AP EP POCP PEC NRE RE NRM RM CBW CWW TW CHW CNHW

kg CO2 kg CFC-11 kg SO2 kg N kg O3 MJ MJ MJ kg kg m3 m3 m3 kg kg

61946 362.42 7.96E-06 2.07 0.42 51.62 3034.94 2989.10 45.84 2484.68 2.25 0.14 0.13 0.27 0.03 22.33

60530 549.32 1.25E-05 12.67 1.25 179.47 4321.73 4253.87 67.86 2498.22 3.49 0.15 0.13 0.28 0.05 23.71

63068 385.58 9.11E-06 8.38 0.84 121.69 3271.15 3220.00 51.15 2417.47 2.47 0.15 0.13 0.28 0.04 22.45