call of the millions 4 spring 2013

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  • 7/29/2019 Call of the Millions 4 Spring 2013

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    Call of the Millionsall of the Millions

    Farm Labour Under Pressure

    "It's ironic that those who till the soil, cultivate and harvest the fruits, vegetables,

    and other foods that fill your tables with abundance have nothing left for

    themselves. "We draw our strength from the very despair in which we have been

    forced to live. We shall endure."

    Cesar Chavez

    In This Issue:farm labour in the world economy p2;

    corporate boycotts p5;

    on international womens day p6;

    millions in action p7;

    solidarity interview p8;

    international women p10;

    the chocolatiers p11;

    millions in action for Mexico p12;extras p13

    Issue 4: Spring 2013

    About Call of the Millions:The Call of the Millions is an online newsletter produced by

    international solidarity activists in North East England, but

    with a endless global reach.

    The idea of a newsletter flowed naturally from our

    involvement in the Playfair campaigns of 2008 and 2012, as

    well as our experience working with campaigns such as War

    on Want, Bananalink and Labour Behind the Label. We

    believe in practical international solidarity and hope that

    this newsletter can be one piece in the jigsaw.

    Our aim is to draw the links between global struggles and

    our own struggles as trade unionists and community

    activists right here in the North East. We hope that this will

    be a collective effort and welcome contributions,

    comments and involvement from activists and researchers,

    both in the region and internationally.

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    farm labour under pressureAgricultural workers have never been

    candidates for the labour aristocracy,

    however you view the term. Dirt poor,

    job-hopping, working in a chemical haze

    and often without a trade union voice.

    Like elsewhere, agriculture is dominatedby massive TNCs who organise crop

    production on a global scale. And the rise

    of modern mega retailers standing at the

    head of vast supply chains, pushing costcutting

    onto the growers and their

    workers creates extra pressures.

    Facing this, what can farmworkers and

    their organisations do? Heres what

    1 LATIN AMERICAN PLANTATIONS

    The case of the fruit pickers of Central

    America is one of the best known farm labour

    stories in the UK. Major unions (like

    the GMB) have worked with the NGO

    Bananalink to publicise the situation and

    develop trade union organising with the

    affiliates of the regional agricultural

    workers federation, Colsiba.

    Progress has been hampered by thehostility of the multinationals towards

    unions and the range of obstacles

    deployed to frustrate their advance.

    Some of these are sophisticated

    mechanisms of co-optation, others rely

    more on coercion and repression.

    2012 has brought real advances. New

    collective bargaining agreements were

    signed with plantations supplying Chiquita,

    Dole and Del Monte, in Nicaragua, Costa

    Rica and Ecuador. In the Costa Rican case,this was achieved through strike action in

    the Sixaola region. An epic legal campaign

    against Doles use of pesticides was finally

    settled to the benefit of 5,000 exworkers.

    And Chiquita agreed to work with

    Colsiba on gender discrimination in its

    hiring and working practices.

    In the arenas of national legislation and

    policy, there are new rights for working

    mothers and social security entitlements

    in Ecuador. Labour law reform in Costa

    Rica pushed forward the cause of

    collective bargaining and denied legal

    backing for its phony worker committees.

    Of course there is still resistance to the

    cause of labour rights blacklisting, unionbusting

    and physical assaults are also partof the 2012 story. Overall union densities

    across Latin American agriculture remain

    low, around 10%, so theres still plenty to

    do (see the Bananalink interview on p 7)

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    farm labour in the US

    The American fields have seen a long and

    often brutal confrontation between waves

    of migrant workers and growers

    determined to crush labour struggles for

    a better way of life.

    California has been

    at the centre of this conflict since the

    early 20th century yet it was from here

    that the strongest farm labour movement

    so far, the United Farm Workers,

    emerged in the 1960s and 70s, using

    innovative strategies and a civil rights

    style to win recognition, contracts and

    real benefits for a predominantly migrant

    Workforce.

    The UFW no longer has the same power

    today. But its core approach combining

    grass-roots organising, consumer

    boycotts, marches, and alliances with

    community groups lives on in the work of

    leading farm labour organisations whose

    members face many problems. Their

    working conditions are notoriously unsafe

    (routine exposure to lethal chemicals);they struggle to gain suitable housing

    (forced to sleep out in the fields, stuck in

    poorly equipped labour camps, or in

    unincorporated settlements that lack

    basic amenities). All this compounds their

    vulnerable status as guest workers or

    undocumented migrants.

    For the likes of FLOC (the Farm Labor

    Organising Committee) and the CIW

    (Coalition of Immolakee Workers) these

    circumstances demand wide-ranging

    campaigns, targeting growers and the

    multinationals who buy their crops, to gain

    recognition and basic workers rights.

    CIW operates along similar lines in Florida.

    It successfully campaigned against the fast

    food outlets and food service providers

    that control the price and wage structureof the tomato industry. Beginning with the

    Taco Bell boycott in the early 2000s, the

    coalition has drawn in support from an expanding

    range of allies, and now heads a national

    campaign for Fair Food. Corporations

    and growers signing up to this have helped

    CIW deliver real changes for its 5,000

    members in wage rises, complaints resolution

    mechanisms, and extra health and

    safety. Impressive stuff from a one-timepoor and powerless migrant labour community.

    FLOC used this approach to win recognition

    for farm labour in the Midwest and North

    Carolina, including migrant H2-A guest

    workers. Now it is campaigning for tobacco

    workers and calling on the likes of RJ

    Reynolds to take responsibility for

    conditions in its supply chains, and sign union

    contracts with its workforce.

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    the southern zone

    :-

    Next Issue: Farm Labour in Asia & Africa

    In the southern hemisphere,things are a

    bit different. Some countries are notorious

    for their abuses of workers rights and

    pathological hostility to trade unions the

    infamous case being Colombia. But look

    further south and there is a welcomechange.

    Brazil, the largest country and massive

    agricultural

    producer, enjoys a healthy union

    movement, with some astronomical

    membership

    figures. The agricultural workers

    confederation, CONTAG, which includes

    4,000 unions, is around 8 million strong!

    Each year this massive body holds a

    demonstration known as 'grito da terra'

    (cry of the earth) to publicise the demands

    of its members who are both

    family farmers and waged workers.

    In 2012 it also began a campaign specifically

    for farm waged workers, with 4,000

    demonstrators in March calling on the new

    government to support a National Policy

    for Rural Workers.

    Their demands, which are nothing outrageous, include:

    better access to housinga 40 hour maximum working weektackling informal employmentlegal changes to support union activitya crackdown on the use of pesticidesgreater access to land for rural workers.

    CONTAG argue that there are ample profits made from

    Brazilian agriculture, a fair portion of which should go to

    their members rather than the bulging pockets of the agri-

    corporations.

    Fair enough.

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    Consumer boycotts weapon or diversion?

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    The tactic is familiar enough from the long struggle

    against apartheid. Boycotts were a central feature

    of the United Farm Workers campaigns in the

    1960s. Elsewhere though, they are not always

    favoured by supporters of workers rights. So what

    are the pros and cons of consumer boycotts?

    We asked two interested parties: Steve Grinter, ex

    international garment workers federation (ITGLWF)

    and Murray Worthy from War on Want;

    COTM: Are boycotts a good idea?

    SG: Campaigners are often divided over the

    demands they make on the brands, especially on

    whether or not to call for global boycotts.

    Even a small campaigning organisation can mobilise

    to bombard a brand with thousands of emails.

    However launching a credible corporate boycott

    requires a level of mobilisation and support on a

    whole different scale. Realistically only a global

    trade union has the capacity and relationship with

    affiliates in both supplier and consumer countries

    to contemplate leading a corporate boycott.

    However only in the most extreme circumstances

    such as mass coordinated dismissal and even

    murder of trade union members, is it likely that

    workers representatives would be likely to agree to

    support a corporate boycott.

    MW: Boycotting products is a tactic that

    campaigners can use like many others. Whether or

    not they are the right tactic to use at any time will

    depend on the context theyre used in. Boycotting

    can be an effective strategy, for example

    against the actions of countries, rather than

    companies. This why War on Want supports the

    Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement

    against Israels breaches of international law. The

    strategy, led by a call from Palestinian civil society,aims to isolate and put pressure on the Israeli

    state, including through boycotting companies

    complicit in Israels illegal occupation of Palestine.

    COTM:Do boycotts work in a global economy?

    SG: Calling for consumers to boycott individual

    brands or even imported goods from entire

    countries is a high risk strategy. A successful

    boycott would put at risk the jobs of workers

    directly or indirectly employed in the supplychains involved. If the target were an entire

    country, success of the campaign would entail

    buyers placing their orders elsewhere where

    conditions for workers may be even worse. Often

    the spur to a campaign arises from exposure of

    gross violations of worker rights by particular

    suppliers. However the easiest and quickest

    remedy for a brand is to cut and run rather than

    to take effective measures to clean up their

    supply chain.

    MW: When campaigning for workers rights in

    global supply chains, many organisations dont

    support boycotts, as ultimately the problems that

    lead to workers rights violations are structural

    it is the rules of the game that need to be

    changed, not just how each company acts.

    COTM: Where do trade unions fit in?

    SG: The key to achieving sustainable progress incampaigns for worker rights is to strengthen

    rights to freedom of association. Neither CSR

    programmes nor NGO-led consumer campaigns

    to improve worker rights can succeed without

    strong trade union engagement at every level.

    This is why campaigners at national level need to

    establish and consolidate relationships with trade

    unions in their respective countries.

    Trade unionists everywhere deplore the

    antics of MNC's their dismissal of

    workers rights, hostility to trade unions,

    poor environmental record, etc. Can we

    use consumer power to bring these giantsto heel?

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    On International Women's Day:A review of the TUC's Newcastle Event

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    I learned something new today. While researching

    the background to IWD for this article, I learned that

    International Women's Day started out as

    International Working Women's Day.But that's nothing compared to how much I learned

    at the event on the 8th March...

    International Women's Day was first celebrated in

    March 1911. Originally conceived of by German

    Socialist Luise Zietz, it was agreed at an International

    Women's Conference in 1910 with the aim of

    promoting equal rights and suffrage for women.

    Although celebrated in much of Northern Continental

    Europe and Russia for many years, it wasn't until theUN first declared March 8 as the UN Day for women's

    rights and world peace in 1977 that it came to be

    known more globally.

    With international activists, representatives of NGOs,

    refugees , local artists, and everything in between, the

    event organised by the TUC in Newcastle for 2013

    celebrated the strength and creativity of women on

    both a global and a local scale.

    The event was opened by Rafeef Ziahdah with a

    performance of her poem, We Teach Life Sir, a

    deeply moving response to being interviewed by the

    mainstream media about the Palestinian/Israeli

    conflict and her life as a Palestinian refugee.

    Looking at how the interviewer tried to maniplulate

    her words to fit his report, the poem's powerful,

    passionate words are a brilliant snapshot of Rafeef's

    strength and patience. There is a video of the poem

    available on youtube (see the links & extras page or

    click the image above for a direct link).

    The second speaker was Alfamir Castillo,

    President of The Women's Sugar Cane Cutter's

    Committee of Colombia.

    Her story is a shocking and harrowing one, butout of it comes and amazing, inspirational

    picture of strength, organizing and resistance.

    On 8 February 2008, Alfamir Castillos son was

    murdered by the Colombian army: the War On

    Want website explains that The case was what

    is known in Colombia as a "false positive extra-

    judicial execution", where the army kills civilians

    and then falsely claims them as fallen guerilla

    fighters.(see links page).

    Alfamir has made the case public, seeking justice

    for her son, and her nephew, a soldier forced

    into hiding after raising the alarm. Because she

    has refused to accept these terrible events and

    has spoken out, she and her family have been

    displaced from their home and they are under

    constant threat. Despite this, Alfamir ceaselessly

    continues to work for justice for her son, seeking

    solidarity both internationally and at home: and

    this is where the The Women's Sugar Cane

    committee comes in.

    The aim of The Women's Sugar Cane Cutter's

    Committee is to make visible the extreme

    poverty of the sugar cane workers lives. A

    collective of wives, mothers and daughters, the

    group has come together to organise to

    campaign for their rights. They have already

    gained support from unions worldwide, and

    have managed to obtain enough funds to obtain

    a base to work from, a space where they can

    meet and hold workshops.

    The group aims to continue to educatethemselves and their children and communities,

    as well as campaigning for better conditions and

    showing the world how life is for them,

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    The millions in action: US farm workers

    thanks to FLOC, Contag , Fenacle and CIW for the photos

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    2012 has seen real advances for your partners

    in Latin America. Are you optimistic for the

    future?

    Overall Banana Link is optimistic for the potential forimprovements in the respect of core labour standards

    and - crucially - for measurable progress to made

    towards the payment of living wages for the workers

    that plant, pick and pack the tropical fruits we eat.

    The key reason for this is our engagement in the World

    Banana Forum - a multi-stakeholder initiative that

    brings together all of the actors that have power along

    the banana supply supply chain, from the most

    powerful, supermarkets, to the most vulnerable,

    workers and their unions. It is incredible that thisforum - whose creation in 2009 was driven by farmers

    organisations and unions from the South - is putting

    the concerns of workers and farmers at the heart of its

    agenda.

    This means that global retailers and fruit companies are

    actively working in collaboration with workers and

    small producers to establish what a living wage is and

    how to ensure that it is paid throughout the industry.

    Learning about how to make the banana industrysustainable is being shared through a virtual library and

    we and other partners are currently working on a

    publication to bring together examples of best practice

    - from Colombia to Ghana - of how collective

    bargaining and other union activity is delivering better

    wages and conditions for workers, and how all industry

    players can learn from this.

    Bananalinks capacity building programme, Union-to-

    Union has been running for a while now. What are its

    major achievements?

    The programme has undoubtedly built the capacity of

    our Latin American partners to organise and educate

    members and to collectively bargain for better terms

    and conditions, and continues to do so. However I

    believe that its greatest achievement is the solidarity

    that has exists along supply chains - between the

    workers that grow our fruit and their unions - and

    unions in the UK, including those that organise the

    workers that are employed in the sale and distribution

    in the UK.

    This ongoing solidarity is demonstrated by the support

    of UNISON for the education programme, legal defence

    work and campaigning activity of SITAG Peru.

    SITAG is a relatively new union with almost 5000

    members engaged in banana, mango and other

    agro-industrial production that has grown thanks

    to funding from UNISON and in particular thesolidarity relationship it has with the UNISON

    West Midlands Region. The union is now looking

    to a future where it can begin to cover some

    core costs with union dues which workers have

    struggled to afford and employers frequently

    withhold. The launch in 2011 of the GMB

    International Solidarity Fund is a commitment

    from that union of the need for ongoing political

    advocacy as well as funding for union activity on

    the ground. Recently monies - generated byregular branch donations - have supported the

    capacity building of four unions in Latin America

    with one, FETRABACH in Nicaragua, negotiating a

    new CBA which has given workers a 30% in

    wages.

    You are now involved in a campaign against

    supermarket power. Are they a big

    obstacle to workers rights in the sector?

    Supermarkets are the most powerful actorsalong banana - and many other - supply chains.

    As such they are critical to any sustainable

    improvements in labour standards and wage

    levels.

    Years of bitter banana price wars between the

    major UK retailers vying, in an incredibly

    competitive market, for more customers has

    seen the prices paid to suppliers fall to such low

    levels that there is simply not enough money left

    at the production end of the chain for workers toearn a living wage.

    Intense pressure on prices encourages suppliers

    to cut costs wherever possible - lowering for

    example health and safety standards in an

    industry that is the second most intensive user of

    agro-chemicals in the world and repressing the

    rights of workers to freely join trade unions and

    work for better conditions.

    Without supermarkets consistently paying prices

    that cover the real costs of production, including

    labour, it is hard to see how workers rights will

    be effectively protected on the ground.

    Solidarity Interview:Jackie Mackay of Bananalink

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    How did Bananalink get involved in the Africanagricultural sector?For the last few years - as tropical fruit exportproduction has been growing in West Africa - we haveworked proactively to build relationships with tradeunions organising workers in the banana and pineapplesectors. We have been keen to support thedevelopment of South to South solidarity with our LatinAmerican partners who have decades of experience oforganising and educating workers and bargaining for

    better wages and conditions often with the samemultinationals investing in Africa.We are delighted that this is beginning to happen, withunion partners from Africa now building their capacityto engage with their Latin American colleagues in theWorld Banana Forum, with a focus on sharingexperience between women workers with the aim ofworking collectively to end the discrimination ofwomen in the sector.

    What similarities and differences are therebetween the African and Latin Americancontexts?Sadly there are many - hence our commitment todeveloping South - South solidarity. The fruitmultinationals investing in Africa, including Dole andDel Monte, are the same ones that have operated inLatin America for decades and that dominate theglobal fruit trade. Their record on respecting labourrights is poor as is their failure to respect theenvironments in which tropical fruits are produced.Again this illustrates the importance of creation of theWorld Banana Forum which now provides a space inwhich corporate actors, unions and others can gettogether to address how to ensure core labourstandards are respected, including the right tocollective bargaining, how to ensure living wages arepaid and how to work towards sustainable banana

    production. Del Monte are conspicuous by theirabsence from this forum which we are trying toredress!

    There are however differences - in terms of productivityand access to resources - and production systemsdiffer for men and women.

    I n Latin America, for example, women only work inthe pack-houses and fewer and fewer women arebeing employed. In Cameroon women work in thefield and are often given these jobs which are veryphysically demanding and involve application of andincreased exposure to agro-chemicals whenpregnant or on return from maternity leave whenstill breastfeeding.Supporting knowledge and experience sharing - ofproblems and ways forward - between our Latin

    American and African women partners to empowerthem in the workplace and the union to ensure therights of women's are respected is vital.

    Bananalink now is part of an internationalcampaign to Make Fruit Fair, alongsideother labour rights NGOs. Has working onthis larger platform helped the cause?Banana Link has always worked in partnership withother NGOs campaigning for labour rights in Europeand the U.S. Partnership and the creation of alliancesbetween organisations with common goals is thebest way for us to have the most impact in workingtowards sustainable trade that delivers for workersand small producers.Make Fruit Fair has been a really successfulcollaboration and has significantly increased ourcapacity to campaign in consumer countries tosupport the demands of our Southern partners.Many of the urgent actions launched over the lastfew years have achieved change for workers andtheir unions .

    Just two examples, in Guatemala SITRABI leader NoeRamirez had his protection restored and Chiquitaand Dole, two multinationals targeted for theirfailure to respect the rights of women on theirplantations are really beginning to address - with theunions - how things can be improved.

    The campaign - with new supporting organisationsin Lithuania, Serbia, Poland and Macedonia,alongside the original partners in the UK, Germany,France and the Czech Republic are continuing tocampaign under the Make Fruit Fair banner. Ourcurrent urgent action - at www.makefruitfair.org.uk -calls for Noboa, one of the worlds biggest bananacompanies, to enter into serious dialogue withunions organising workers on some of its plantationsin Ecuador. Make Fruit Fair will also continue to callfor the regulation of supermarket buyer power at EUlevel. The EU has recently acknowledged that buyerpower abuses are having a negative impact and what

    we now need is action to stop this.

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    International women:Iris Munguia of Colsiba

    To become the first women leader of aninternational trade union body the LatinAmerican federation of agriculturalworkers, Colsiba is something. That'sonly one part of the Iris Munguia story.Born and raised in a deeply machismoHonduran society, she has been a bananaworkers leader for over 30 years.The attitudes of her peers have oftenbeen hostile, but despite that she is clearthat women cannot act alone: there are men who are aware andcommitted to social justice and to the

    defence of our rights. Only by men andwomen working together can we carry outthe necessary transformation to bring abouta fairer and worthy world for everyone.

    During her time as a union leader Iriscoordinated the Colsiba working women'sgroup, developing the self-belief, powersand potential of these workers to pursuetheir own interests. And there's plenty todo the banana sector hosts some grimpractices of sexual discrimination, both interms of its hiring (forced pregnancy

    testing) and everyday work (harassment).

    The Colsiba group looks to promote thelabour, sexual and reproductive rights ofits members. One concern is to increasethe job opportunities across the sector,where women are significantly underrepresented.They call for genderequality clauses to be added toCollective Agreements of affiliatedorganisations. Alongside inclusion must

    come participation in respect of theirissues and immediate practical needs. AWomens Regional Agenda has beenforged to take this forward, and localcampaigns launched in Colombia.Iris is also a key member of the newWorld Banana Forum's Labour Rightsgroup. Here she is pursuing the Colsibawomen's agenda further, foregroundinggender discrimination as a central issueto address across the entire sector. In2012 Colsiba hosted a pioneering global

    meeting for women banana workers aspart of this ongoing work.

    ...all things are possible.....

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    Like most of our luxury and everyday

    goods, chocolate has its own dark side.

    The raw material, the cocoa bean, is

    grown mainly in Africa. And in someplaces this is carried on in relatively

    safe and sustainable ways, often bound

    up with Fairtrade certified producer

    cooperatives: The Kuapa Kokoo co-op

    in Ghana is a classic example.

    But elsewhere, things are different...

    The largest cocoa bean producer, Ivory

    Coast, has been at the centre of a high

    profile campaign in the US spotlightingthe widespread use of child labour

    across the sector, involving up to an

    estimated 100,000 youngsters.

    The 'Raise the Bar' coalition of labour

    rights NGOs is pressurising the major

    US confectioner Hersheys to take

    action and clean up its supply chain here.

    Research has shown that these

    youngsters are not only forced to work

    long hours in unsafe conditions. Many

    are also victims of human trafficking,

    brought to Ivory Coast from nearby

    countries like Mali.

    That's a high price to pay for a treat

    The Chocolatiers

    Meanwhile at the other end of the chocolate chain, workers atthe US manufacturer Theo Chocolate have found themselves in

    an equally sour situation. Their employer, self-styled first and

    only fair trade organic beanto-bar chocolate factory in the US,

    took a pretty unfair view of its own workforce when they tried

    to get organised and join a Teamster local.

    Instead of upholding workers rights, they hired some 'union

    avoidance' consultants and embarked on a unionbusting

    campaign. The workers complained to the Institute of Market

    Ecology ( IMO), an independent organisation Theo Chocolateused to certify it operated in a fair and sustainable manner .

    And the IMO promptly ignored complaints about harassment

    and intimidation of union supporters, continuing to provide

    verification of the employers ethical credentials, including

    those referring to labour standards!

    Not so sweet.

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    The Millions in Action 2:

    Global Support for the Mexico Days of Action, February 2013.

    Thanks to industriALL

    and the FAT for the

    photos

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    Bananalink and the Make Fruit Fair websites carry up to date news on Latin

    American plantations : www.bananalink.org.uk and www.makefruitfair.org.uk

    On the history of farm labour in California, see the fascinating summary in the first part of Justin AkersChacon's book 'No-One Is Illegal'.

    The story of the United Farm Workers is covered in a number of books and

    articles: try David Bacon's retrospective view as a starting point

    http://inthesetimes.com/working/entry/7142/cesar_chavez_and_the_state_of_the_farm_workers_movement

    /

    For FLOC visit their website, www.floc.com On their North Carolina campaign see David Bacon's article

    http://truth-out.org/news/item/12276-north-Carolinastobacco-workers-stand-to-benefit-from-states-strong-farmw

    The Coalition of Immokalee Workers can be found at www.ciw-online.org

    Brazil's CONTAG federation have a website in Portuguese, available in

    translation, at: www.contag.org.br

    The Iris Munguia story is covered on the Bananalink website. See also an

    interview at

    http://www.lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/69-general/838-honduranunion-%20Leader-iris-munguia-who-will-g

    On the chocolate industry see the reports by the International Labor Rights

    Forum, ILRF, available at http://www.laborrights.org/about-ilrf . See also the blog and responses at

    http://slog.thestranger.com/slog/archives/

    For more information on Alfamir Castillo, her son and the Women's Sugar Cane Cutters Committee, see

    http://www.waronwant.org/news/latest-news/17843-colombians-fight-injustice-and-poverty-

    Rafeef Ziahdah is a performance poet and also works for War on Want. For more information on her

    campaigning work, see http://www.waronwant.org/search?searchword=rafeef&ordering=&searchphrase=all

    To watch a video of the poem she performed at the Newcastle IWD event, go

    tohttp://youtu.be/aKucPh9xHtM

    The international women's day logo is from the logos page ofhttp://www.internationalwomensday.com

    where there is lots more information on the history of the day and current events. The wikipedia entry at

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Women's_Day is also interesting.

    want to know more?Links, further reading & additional picture credits

    http://www.bananalink.org.uk/http://www.makefruitfair.org.uk/http://inthesetimes.com/working/entry/7142/cesar_chavez_and_the_state_of_the_farm_workers_movementhttp://www.floc.com/http://truth-out.org/news/item/12276-north-Carolinastobacco-workers-stand-to-benefit-from-states-strong-farmworker-unionhttp://www.ciw-online.org/http://www.contag.org.br/http://www.lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/69-general/838-honduranunion-%20Leader-iris-munguia-who-will-guarantee-rights-to-workershttp://www.laborrights.org/about-ilrfhttp://slog.thestranger.com/slog/archives/http://www.waronwant.org/news/latest-news/17843-colombians-fight-injustice-and-poverty-http://www.waronwant.org/search?searchword=rafeef&ordering=&searchphrase=allhttp://www.internationalwomensday.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Women's_Dayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Women's_Dayhttp://www.internationalwomensday.com/http://www.waronwant.org/search?searchword=rafeef&ordering=&searchphrase=allhttp://www.waronwant.org/news/latest-news/17843-colombians-fight-injustice-and-poverty-http://slog.thestranger.com/slog/archives/http://www.laborrights.org/about-ilrfhttp://www.lawg.org/action-center/lawg-blog/69-general/838-honduranunion-%20Leader-iris-munguia-who-will-guarantee-rights-to-workershttp://www.contag.org.br/http://www.ciw-online.org/http://truth-out.org/news/item/12276-north-Carolinastobacco-workers-stand-to-benefit-from-states-strong-farmworker-unionhttp://www.floc.com/http://inthesetimes.com/working/entry/7142/cesar_chavez_and_the_state_of_the_farm_workers_movementhttp://www.makefruitfair.org.uk/http://www.bananalink.org.uk/