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2016>Q4

This Calgary and Area Labour Market Report is produced four times a year and provides results on labour market needs, shortages and issues from the perspective of employers in the Calgary Region.

Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

Calgary & AreaLabour Market Report

Table of Contents.................................................................................................Summary! 1

..............................................................................................Calgary Economy! 1

....................................................................................Calgary Housing Market! 4

......................................................................................Labour Force Statistics! 6

.........................................................................................Industry Employment! 8

...............................................................................................Employer Survey! 9

.....................................................Employer Survey - Q4 2016 Results! 13..................................................................................................................Survey Profile ! 13

............................................................................................................Business Activity! 14

..........................Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future Employment! 17

.....................................................................................................Recruitment Methods! 22

......................................................................................................Recruiting Difficulties! 25

.........................................................................................................Employee Turnover! 29

.......................................................................................................Employee Retention! 32

.......................................................Supplemental Questions - Focus on Diversification ! 36

...............................................Employer Survey - Annual 2016 Results! 46..................................................................................................................Survey Profile ! 46

............................................................................................................Business Activity! 47

..........................Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future Employment! 49

.....................................................................................................Recruitment Methods! 54

......................................................................................................Recruiting Difficulties! 54

.........................................................................................................Employee Turnover! 57

.......................................................................................................Employee Retention! 61

........................................................Appendix A: Survey Methodology! 63.............Appendix B: Employer Survey - Q4 2016 Occupation Results! 65

......Appendix C: Employer Survey - Annual 2016 Occupation Results! 69

Calgary and Area Labour Market - 2016 Q4 Report

CALGARY ECONOMYSUMMARYQ4 2016

1

Summary

Calgary’s economy is forecast to rebound with modest GDP growth of 1.8% in 2017, following a decline of 1.7% in 2016. Growth is projected to pick up over the next few years, but should remain below historical averages.Calgary Economy

PAST GROWTH

Among the Conference Board of Canada’s 13 major Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs), the Calgary CMA’s economy was the hardest hit for the second year in a row in 2016. Following a contraction of 3.1% in 2015, real gross domestic product (GDP) in the Calgary CMA declined by an estimated 1.7% in 2016. Output in Calgary’s industrial sector was particularly weak, with significant contractions in the construction (-12.8%) and manufacturing (-9.2%) sectors.

Calgary

Alberta

Canada

-4% -2% 0% 2%

1.1%

-2.9%

-1.7%

Estimated GDP Growth 2016

CURRENT GROWTH

The economic contraction that began with the collapse in oil prices is projected to end in 2017. Real GDP in the Calgary CMA is forecast to grow at a modest rate of 1.8% in 2017, as the energy sector gradually regains stability.1 Nonetheless, potential growth will remain restrained by slow growth in oil prices, along with muted business and consumer confidence.

Calgary

Alberta

Canada

0% 1% 2% 3%

2.0%

2.8%

1.8%

GDP Growth Forecast 2017

FUTURE GROWTH

Growth in the Calgary CMA is expected to pick up over the forecast horizon, in line with a projected slow recovery in oil prices. The price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil has risen from an average of US$45/barrel in the second and third quarters of 2016 to nearly US$50/barrel in the fourth quarter, but is not expected to exceed US$70/barrel over the next few years.

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

0% 1% 2% 3%

1.8%

1.8%

2.1%

2.3%

2.6%

Calgary GDP Growth Forecast


1 Forecast data from Calgary & Area Employment Forecast: 2016>Winter, Applications Management Consulting Ltd.


2

The price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil is forecast to average US$52.50 per barrel in 2017 and US$55 per barrel in 2018.

OIL PRICES

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil prices averaged US$49 per barrel in the fourth quarter of 2016, up from US$45 per barrel the previous quarter and from US$42 in the final quarter of 2015. WTI crude is forecast to average US$52.50 per barrel in 2017 and US$55.18 per barrel in 2018.2

Q4 16

Q3 16

Q2 16

Q1 16

Q4 15

$0 $20 $40 $60

$42

$33

$46

$45

$49

WTI Prices, Quarterly Avg. (US$/bbl)

INFLATION

Consumer prices in Calgary rose 1.0% in the twelve months to December 2016, following a similar increase in November. With the exception of food, shelter, and clothing and footwear, Calgary recorded y/y price growth across all major consumer categories, with the highest growth rate observed in transportation. Inflation in Calgary is forecast to average 2.3% in both 2017 and 2018.3

All-Items

Transportation

Rec., ed., & reading

Alcohol & tobacco

Household ops

Health & pers. care

Clothing & footwear

Shelter

Food

-5% -3% 0% 3% 5%

-1.4%-0.5%-0.3%

0.8%1.6%2.3%2.4%

3.2%1.0%

Calgary Inflation Rates Dec 16 (y/y)

WEEKLY EARNINGS

The average weekly earnings of payroll employees in the Calgary CMA increased by $13 to $1,134 in December 2016, from $1,121 a year earlier. December 2016 earnings were up from November by $7. Calgarians in the mining and oil and gas industry had the highest average weekly earnings at $1,912 in December 2016, while accommodation and food services employees had the lowest weekly earnings at $499.4

Dec 16

Nov 16

Dec 15

$0 $400 $800 $1,200

$1,121

$1,127

$1,134

Calgary CMA Avg Weekly Earnings


2 Baytex Energy Corp. Historical Oil Pricing and U.S. Energy Information Administration, Short Term Energy Outlook, January 10, 2017.

3 City of Calgary, December 2016 Inflation Review and The Conference Board of Canada, Metropolitan Outlook 1, Autumn 2016.

4 City of Calgary, Corporate Economics, Economics, Labour Market Review, November and December 2016.


3

Investment in commercial building construction in the Calgary CMA declined 20% year-over-year in the final quarter of 2016.

NON-RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION

Non-residential building construction investment in Calgary (industrial, commercial and institutional and governmental projects) totaled $957 million in the fourth quarter of 2016, down 4.6% from the previous quarter and down 13.7% year-over-year (y/y). Investment in commercial projects, which makes up about 70% of non-residential construction spending in Calgary, declined 20% y/y in the final quarter of 2016.5

Calgary

Alberta

Canada

-20% -15% -10% -5% 0%

-1.2%

-9.1%

-13.7%

Inv. in Non-Res Construction Q4 16 (y/y)

EMPLOYMENT INSURANCE

The number of Calgarians receiving regular EI benefits increased between October and November 2016 to 32,470, and was up 59% compared to November 2015. However, the number of initial EI claims, considered a leading indicator, was down 28% compared to November 2015 and down over 50% compared to May 2016, suggesting the employment situation in Calgary may be turning a corner.6

Nov 2016

Oct 2016

Nov 2015

0 20,000 40,000

20,420

30,890

32,470

Calgary EI Beneficiaries

DOWNTOWNOFFICE MARKET

Calgary’s downtown office vacancy rate rose to 24.8% in the fourth quarter of 2016, from 22.6% the previous quarter and from 18.1% in the final quarter of 2015. With the completion of 707 Fifth, Brookfield Place and Telus Sky Tower over the next two years, Calgary’s downtown office vacancy rate is forecast to reach nearly 27% by year-end 2018.7

Q4 2016

Q3 2016

Q2 2016

Q1 2016

Q4 2015

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

18.1%

20.5%

22.0%

22.6%

24.8%

Calgary Downtown Office Vac. Rates


5 Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 026-0016.

6 Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 276-0034.

7 Colliers International, Research and Forecast Report, Calgary Downtown Office Market, Q4 2016.

CALGARY HOUSING MARKETSUMMARYQ4 2016

4

Calgary Housing MarketAlberta registered the largest drop in new home construction among provinces in 2016, with housing starts falling 35% year-over-year.

Calgary builders started just 9,245 housing units in 2016, down 29% compared to 13,033 units in 2015. Single-detached starts declined 16% year-over-year to 3,489 units while multi-family starts fell 35% to 5,756 units. In Alberta, total housing starts were down 35% year-over-year while starts in Canada were relatively unchanged (-1%). British Columbia (+32%) and Ontario (+5%) were the only provinces to post year-over-year increases in housing starts in 2016. Total housing starts in the Calgary CMA are forecast to range between 8,300 and 9,300 units in 2017. New home construction is forecast to pick up in 2018 within a range of 9,200 to 10,400 units as inventories decline and demand improves.8

According to Statistic Canada’s New Housing Price Index (NHPI), new housing prices in the Calgary CMA declined 0.8% year-over-year in November 2016, following a y/y decrease of 1.1% in October 2016. It was the sixteenth consecutive month prices were lower than the year before. Alberta’s index was also down 0.8% in November 2016, while Canada’s index rose 3.0%. Toronto-Oshawa (+8.2%) led growth in new home prices in November 2016.9

Calgary

Edmonton

Alberta

Canada

-3% -1% 2% 4%

3.0%

-0.8%

-0.8%

-0.8%

% Change in NHPI Nov 2016 (y/y)


8 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Preliminary Housing Start Data, Released January 2017 and Housing Market Outlook, Calgary CMA, Fall 2016.

9 Statistics Canada, The Daily, New Housing Price Index, November 2016

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

160,000

200,000

Calgary CMA Edmonton CMA Alberta Canada

180,647

22,63210,0369,245

181,597

34,69617,05013,033

Housing Starts

2015 2016

CALGARY HOUSING MARKETSUMMARYQ4 2016

5

Alberta’s economic downturn and increase in rental supply lifted apartment vacancy rates across most urban centres in the province.

Alberta’s apartment vacancy rate jumped to 8.1% in October 2016, from 5.6% the previous year, with three of seven of the province’s largest urban centres reporting double digit vacancy rates. Calgary’s apartment vacancy rate increased to 7.0% in 2016, from 5.3% a year earlier. The Calgary CMA had the second lowest apartment vacancy rate among the largest urban centres in Alberta in 2016, following Medicine Hat at 5.4% and just ahead of Edmonton at 7.1%.10

The average rent for a two-bedroom apartment in Alberta fell to $1,195/month in 2016 from $1,253/month one year prior. Among the province’s largest urban centres, Wood Buffalo had the highest average rent for a two-bedroom unit at $1,454, down significantly from $1,841 in October 2015. Meanwhile, in Calgary, landlords also reduced rental rates to combat rising vacancy, with the average rent for an apartment declining 7.5% to $1,258/month in 2016.11

ABWood Buffalo

CalgaryEdmonton

Grande PrairieRed Deer

LethbridgeMedicine Hat

$0 $500 $1,000 $1,500

$825$939

$1,016$1,022

$1,229$1,258

$1,454$1,195

Avg. Apartment Rents Oct 2016 (2-bedroom)


10 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Rental Market Report, Alberta Highlights, Released 2016.

11 Ibid.

Alberta

Grande Prairie

Wood Buffalo

Red Deer

Lethbridge

Edmonton

Calgary

Medicine Hat

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

5.4%

7.0%

7.1%

8.5%

13.6%

17.8%

19.8%

8.1%

4.6%

5.3%

4.2%

6.1%

5.4%

29.4%

10.4%

5.6%

Private Apartment Vacancy Rates in Alberta’s Largest Urban CentresOct 2015 Oct 2016

LABOUR FORCE STATISTICSSUMMARYQ4 2016

6

Calgary’s unemployment rate averaged 10.2% in the final quarter of 2016, the highest among major metropolitan areas in Canada.

PARTICIPATION

Calgary’s labour force participation rate rose to an average of 74.5% in the fourth quarter of 2016, from 72.7% the previous quarter and 73.0% year-over-year. Among major metropolitan areas in Canada, Calgary (74.5%), Regina (72.7%), Edmonton (71.6%) and Saskatoon (70.8%) had the highest participation rates in the final quarter of 2016.

The labour force participation rate is the number of persons who are employed, or unemployed but looking for a job, divided by the total working-age population.

EMPLOYMENT

Employment in the Calgary CMA averaged 809,100 in the final quarter of 2016, up by 11,900 or 1.5% from the previous quarter and up by 700 year-over-year.

Employment in the Calgary CMA is forecast to increase by 1.1% in 2017, translating into approximately 8,800 net new jobs. Employment gains are projected across most major industries in 2017, with the exception of construction (-1,500).12

UNEMPLOYMENT

Calgary’s unemployment rate jumped to an average of 10.2% in the fourth quarter of 2016, from 9.0% the previous quarter and from 6.9% in the final quarter of 2015.

December 2016 marked the third consecutive month that Calgary’s unemployment rate topped 10%, the highest among major metropolitan areas in Canada and a rate not seen since November 1993.

Calgary’s unemployment rate is forecast to average 9.4% in 2017 and 8.0% in 2018.13

Labour Force Statistics


12 Forecast data from Calgary & Area Employment Forecast: 2016>Winter, Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

13 Ibid.

Calgary Labour Force Survey Stats Q4 2016 Q3 2016 Q4 2015

✓ Participation Rate 74.5% 72.7% 73.0%

✓ Employment Rate 66.9% 66.1% 67.9%

✓ Unemployment Rate 10.2% 9.0% 6.9%Source: Statistics Canada CANSIM table 282-0135

LABOUR FORCE STATISTICSSUMMARYQ4 2016

7

TYPE OF WORK

Year-over-year, employment in the Calgary CMA rose by 0.3% in the fourth quarter of 2016.

The number of Calgarians working part-time rose to an average of 147,000 in the final quarter of 2016, up 9.8% (+14,400) year-over-year. Part-time employment among men jumped 13.4% (+6,800) compared to an increase of 7.9% (+7,600) among women.

Full-time employment declined 1.8% (-11,700) on the year in the final quarter of 2016.

GENDER

Employment among men suffered a setback in the final quarter of 2016, declining 2.3% (-10,000) year-over-year. The 3.4% gain in employment among Calgary women (+12,700) offset the losses among men.

Overall, the unemployment rate for women jumped to an average of 10.4% in the fourth quarter of 2016, while the unemployment rate for men rose to 9.8%. Men and women aged 15 - 24 years had the highest unemployment rates in the final quarter of 2016 at 17.7% and 18.6% respectively.

AGE

Employment among Calgarians aged 55+ years was up 3.6% (+5,000) on the year in the final quarter of 2016, the only major age category to record a gain. Employment declined 0.1% (-800) among Calgarians aged 25 - 54 years and 1.6% (-1,600) among youth aged 15 - 24 years.

In the fourth quarter of 2016, 12% of all employed Calgarians were aged 15 - 24 years, 70% were aged 25 - 54 years, and 18% were aged 55+ years.


Men (15 yrs+) Total

Men (15-24 yrs)

Men (25-54 yrs)

Men (55 yrs+)

Women (15 yrs+) Total

Women (15-24 yrs)

Women (25-54 yrs)

Women (55 yrs+)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%11.3%

8.3%

18.6%

10.4%

13.5%

7.5%

17.7%

9.8%

Unemployment Rates by Gender and Age, Calgary CMAQ4 2015 Q4 2016

Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-0128.

INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT SUMMARY

Industry Employment

These are the industries that posted the greatest change in employment in the Calgary CMA and Alberta in Q4 2016 (year-over-year).

Calgary CMA Highlights

Prof., Scientific and Technical Services

+10,100 jobs

Other Services

+8,600 jobs

Health Care and Social Assistance

-10,100 jobs

Fin., Ins., Real Estate and Leasing

-5,600 jobs

Alberta Highlights

Other Services

+13,900 jobs

Educational Services

+8,900 jobs

Manufacturing

-26,300 jobs

Construction

-12,300 jobs

Forecast data from Calgary & Area Employment Forecast: 2016>Winter, Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

All industriesInformation & Culture

ManufacturingTransportation & Warehousing

Primary & UtilitiesNon-Commercial Services

Personal ServicesWholesale & Retail Trade

Business ServicesPublc Administration

Fin., Ins. & Real EstateConstruction

-3% -2% -1% 0% 2% 3% 4% 5%-2.0%

0.2%0.3%

0.5%0.9%

1.2%1.5%

1.8%2.1%2.2%

4.1%1.1%

2017 Forecast Change in Employment by Industry, Calgary CMA


Q4 2016

8

EMPLOYER SURVEYSUMMARYQ4 2016

9

Employer Survey

Survey Results: 202 micro-sized employers with <10 employees were surveyed in Q4 2016.

PAST GROWTH

On balance, 17% of employers reported that their company downsized in the 12 months prior to their survey, down significantly from Q4 2015 when 4% of employers reported a business expansion.

Employers surveyed in Q4 2016 reported the most company downsizing relative to all previous surveys.

20162015201420132012201120102009

-20% -10% 0% 10%

Q4 Company Expansion

FUTURE GROWTH

On balance, none of employers anticipate a business expansion in the 12 months following their survey, compared to 5% anticipating a business expansion in Q4 2015.

Employers surveyed in Q4 2016 reported the lowest anticipated business expansion in all previous years.

The marked change in future business confidence indicates that employers in the Calgary region have concerns about the prospects for the economy turning around next year.

20162015201420132012201120102009

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Q4 Anticipated Company Expansion

LAYOFFS

Ten per cent of employers reported that their companies laid off workers in the 3 months prior to their survey, down slightly from 11% in Q4 2015.

Overall, employers reported about 65 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 6.8%. The highest number of layoffs were reported in the manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and construction industries. No layoffs were reported in the accommodation and food/arts and entertainment and health care and social assistance industries.

20162015201420132012201120102009

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Q4 Layoffs



10

The most frequently reported vacant positions were light duty cleaners, roofers and shinglers, air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors, real estate agents and salespersons, and hotel front desk clerks.

The positions employers reported the most difficulty recruiting were architects, insurance agents and brokers, and hotel front desk clerks.

The position employers reported had the highest voluntary turnover was operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport.

Thirty per cent of employers reported approximately 93 employees left as a result of voluntary turnover in the 12 months prior to their survey. Overall, the voluntary turnover rate was 9.7%.

PAST RECRUITMENT

Employers were asked if they had difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months prior to their survey. Eleven per cent of employers reported difficulty recruiting, down from 22% in Q4 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

0% 10%20%30%40%

Q4 Past Difficulty

FUTURE RECRUITMENT

Employers were asked if they anticipated having more, less or the same difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey. On balance, 7% anticipated less difficulty compared to 17% anticipating less difficulty in Q4 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

-20% -10% 0% 10%

Q4 Future Difficulty

PAST TURNOVER

Employers were asked if they had any voluntary turnover in the 12 months prior to their survey. Thirty per cent of employers reported voluntary turnover, up slightly from 29% in Q4 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

0% 25% 50%

Q4 Past Turnover

FUTURE TURNOVER

Employers were asked if they anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher, lower or the same in the 12 months following their survey. On balance, 7% anticipated lower voluntary turnover, compared to 8% in Q4 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

-15% -10% -5% 0%

Q4 Future Turnover



11

Employers reported word of mouth/employee referrals was the most successful recruitment method in the 12 months prior to their survey.

Most Successful Recruitment Methods

Employers reported that providing a job in this economy was the most successful employee retention strategy in the 12 months prior to their survey.

Most Successful Employee Retention Strategies

Word of mouth/employee referralsCareer and classified websites

Colleges/universitiesWalk-ins/unsolicited resumes

Company website/internal postingsIndustry associations

NewspapersRehiresSignage

OtherNothing

Did not hire in the last 12 months 51%1%1%1%1%1%

3%3%3%3%

15%17%

Provide a job in this economyPositive work environment

Excellent management/supervisionInteresting/challenging work

Competitive salaryFlexible work measures

Competitive benefits packageEmployee engagement

Excellent coworkersLearning/growth opportunities

PerksCash bonuses

Company cultureExcellent communication

OtherUnsure

Nothing 21%5%

1%1%1%1%

2%2%2%2%2%

5%7%

9%10%

12%18%



12

Overall, 31% of the employers reported they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the last 12 months to manage their business through the downturn.

Yes No

OverallProfessional, Scientific & Tech.

Wholesale & Retail TradeManufacturing

OtherTransportation & Warehousing

Health Care & Social AssistanceAccomm. & Food/Arts & Ent.

ConstructionFin., Insur., Real Est. & Leasing

Mining & Oil & Gas

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Has your company diversified in the last year?

Overall, 34% of employers reported they have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.

Yes No

OverallWholesale & Retail Trade

ManufacturingConstruction

Professional, Scientific & Tech.Health Care & Social Assistance

OtherFin., Insur., Real Est. & LeasingTransportation & WarehousingAccomm. & Food/Arts & Ent.

Mining & Oil & Gas

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Is there a plan in place to diversify in the next two years?


Employer Survey - Q4 2016 Results

The purpose of the quarterly survey is to gather information from Calgary and area employers on their recruitment and retention practices and various other employment issues they are facing. Over the course of the year, employers will be divided into four categories based on the number of employees in the company and results of the survey will be reported on as follows:

✓ Q1 2016: Large-sized companies with 100+ employees

✓ Q2 2016: Medium-sized companies with 50 – 99 employees

✓ Q3 2016: Small-sized companies with 10 – 49 employees

✓ Q4 2016: Micro-sized companies with <10 employees

Survey ProfileThe 202 micro-sized employers surveyed employ approximately 962 people. Of this total, 86 per cent are full-time employees, 5 per cent are part-time employees, and 9 per cent are either contract, seasonal, casual, temporary or relief staff.

How many people does your company employ in the Calgary region?

”Other” represents companies in any of the following industries: agriculture, utilities, information & culture,management of companies, administrative & support services, educational services, other services or public administration.

Industry Total Employees

Number of Companies

Mining & Oil & Gas 71 20Construction 104 20Manufacturing 85 20Wholesale & Retail Trade 94 20Transportation & Warehousing 77 20Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 98 20Health Care & Social Assistance 131 22Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 106 20Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 105 20Other 91 20Total 962 202


EMPLOYER SURVEYQ4 2016 Survey Results: Micro-sized employers with <10 employees

13

Business ActivityOn balance, 17 per cent of the employers said their company downsized in the last 12 months.Thirteen per cent of the employers surveyed in Q4 2016 said their company expanded in the 12 months prior to their survey and 30 per cent reported their company downsized, resulting in a negative balance of 17 per cent.14 In Q4 2015, 18 per cent of the employers reported they expanded and 14 per cent said they downsized, for a positive balance of 4 per cent.

On balance, 9 per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 5 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers said they expanded in the past year - the only industries to record positive results. In contrast, 55 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers and one-quarter of the construction employers reported they downsized. Past Business ActivityPercentage of companies that expanded or downsized in the 12 months prior to their survey

Expanded Downsized Balance Expanded Downsized BalanceOverall Results 18% 14% 4% 13% 30% -17%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 10% 15% -5% 5% 60% -55%Construction 5% 15% -10% 20% 45% -25%Manufacturing 20% 25% -5% 15% 35% -20%Wholesale & Retail Trade 19% 19% 0% 10% 25% -15%Transportation & Warehousing 5% 15% -10% 10% 20% -10%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 30% 25% 5% 20% 40% -20%Health Care & Social Assistance 20% 10% 10% 23% 14% 9%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 20% 5% 15% 15% 10% 5%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 25% 0% 25% 5% 25% -20%Other 30% 10% 20% 10% 30% -20%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

Comments‣ “We no longer employ anyone at the hotel besides myself.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts

& Entertainment

‣ “Things have been up and down, but on average they have stayed about the same over the past year.” - Construction

‣ “We have held strong.” - Construction

‣ “In February 2016 I moved locations and downsized the business.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

4%#

$17%#

$30%#

$20%#

$10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

Q4#2015# Q4#2016#

Has$your$company$expanded$or$downsized$$in$the$last$12$months?$

Expanded# Downsized# Balance#


14 Percentage of companies reporting an expansion minus percentage of companies reporting a downsize.

14 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have taken on more practicum students and are going to start supplying therapists for other organizations.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Our preschool has downsized due to the ratio of staff to children. When the number of students drops, some of the staff are not required anymore. The teachers subbing on contract were part-time employees prior.” - Other

‣ “We are down substantially.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're at 75% of where we were a year ago.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We've been relatively flat.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We have downsized tremendously.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, none of the employers anticipate a business expansion in the next 12 months.Ten per cent of the employers anticipate their company will expand in the 12 months following their survey and 10 per cent anticipate their company will downsize15, for a neutral balance of opinion.16 In Q4 2015, 16 per cent anticipated an expansion and 11 per cent anticipated a downsize, for a balance of 5 per cent of the employers anticipating an expansion.

On balance, 10 per cent of the construction, manufacturing and wholesale and retail trade employers anticipate a business downsize in the next year. In contrast, 14 per cent of the health care and social assistance and 10 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers anticipate a business expansion in the coming year.

5%#

0%#

%15%#

%10%#

%5%#

0%#

5%#

10%#

15%#

20%#

Q4#2015# Q4#2016#

Do#you#an(cipate#a#business#expansion#or#downsize#in#the#next#12#months?#

Expansion# Downsize# Balance#


15 Includes anticipated closures.

16 Percentage of employers anticipating a business expansion minus percentage of employers anticipating a business downsize.

15 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Future Business ActivityPercentage of companies that anticipate an expansion or downsize in the 12 months following their survey

Expansion Downsize Balance Expansion Downsize BalanceOverall Results 16% 11% 5% 10% 10% 0%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 5% 15% -10% 5% 5% 0%Construction 10% 5% 5% 5% 15% -10%Manufacturing 30% 20% 10% 10% 20% -10%Wholesale & Retail Trade 19% 10% 10% 5% 15% -10%Transportation & Warehousing 10% 0% 10% 10% 5% 5%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 30% 15% 15% 10% 10% 0%Health Care & Social Assistance 5% 5% 0% 14% 0% 14%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 25% 5% 20% 10% 0% 10%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 20% 15% 5% 20% 10% 10%Other 10% 25% -15% 15% 20% -5%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

Comments‣ “Oil is going up, so we may hire soon.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are facing a possible closure.” - Construction

‣ “Right now it looks like there will be a downsizing.” - Construction

‣ “With the economy the way it is, we may actually be laying people off.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will continue to grow. We have had requests for our counseling services from various other nonprofit organizations and we are in the process of making those connections.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Not at this location. Elsewhere I anticipate an expansion.” - Manufacturing

‣ “I'm trying to sell the business so I can retire.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We anticipate closing.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have closed our Calgary location already, so we just have contractors working there now.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We will stay about the same. We're not drilling and not looking to acquire.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “At this point, I'm unsure about the future of the company.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We won't be able to expand until we get another oil boom or another pipeline in Alberta.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We have already expanded enough I think, so we will stay the same going forward.” - Transportation & Warehousing


16 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future EmploymentTen per cent of the employers laid off workers in the three months prior to their survey.Ten per cent of the employers reported they laid off workers in the three months prior to their survey (for reasons other than seasonality). This was similar to the Q4 2015 results, when 11 per cent of the employers said they laid off workers. Twenty per cent of the manufacturing and construction employers reported they laid off workers, compared to none of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and health care and social assistance employers.

Overall, employers reported about 65 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 6.8 per cent. This is similar to the Q4 2015 results when employers reported 67 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 7.3 per cent. The manufacturing industry had the highest layoff rate in Q4 2016 at 31.8 per cent, followed by the wholesale and retail trade industry (11.7 per cent), and the construction and ‘other’ industries (7.7 per cent each). Additional details on layoffs can be found in Appendix B.

Number of Layoffs and Layoff Rates (in the three months prior to survey)

0%#0%#

5%#10%#10%#10%#10%#

15%#20%#20%#

10%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%# 30%#

Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#TransportaIon#&#Warehousing#Professional,#ScienIfic#&#Tech.#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#Other#

ConstrucIon#Manufacturing#

Overall#

Percentage)of)companies)that)laid)off)employees)in)the)three)months)prior)to)survey)

Q4#2016# Q4#2015#

Industry Total Layoffs

Manufacturing 12Wholesale & Retail Trade 10Construction 12Other 1Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 4Transportation & Warehousing 3Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 9Mining & Oil & Gas 6Health Care & Social Assistance 1Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 9Total 67 Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employment.

Q4 2015Layoff Rate

Total Layoffs

11.2% 278.5% 11

15.2% 81.2% 74.1% 53.8% 3

10.3% 37.1% 11.1% 0

10.0% 07.3% 65

Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employment.

Q4 2016Q4 2015Layoff Rate

31.8%11.7%7.7%7.7%4.8%3.9%3.1%1.4%0.0%0.0%6.8%

Q4 2016


17 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employers further specified that 63 per cent of the total layoffs (41 of 65 layoffs) were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn.

Comments

‣ “No - our last Calgary layoff was in January.” - Construction

‣ “We let all of our sub-contractors go at the beginning of the downturn, so more than 3 months ago.” - Construction

‣ “No layoffs, but we have shortened hours.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “No, but the company just changed over ownership.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Everyone but management has been laid off.” - Manufacturing

‣ “I tried to employ a casual worker, but that didn't work out because there's not enough work for them.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We gave them notice in January, so our last layoffs were over 3 months ago.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We've never laid anybody off.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “No, we have moved them from permanent positions to contracts.” - Other

‣ “Before May we had a series of substantial layoffs. The remaining staff are now contract employees except for the owner.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

Industry Layoffs Due to Economy

Total Layoffs

% Layoffs Due to Economy

Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 3 3 100%Transportation & Warehousing 3 3 100%Manufacturing 26 27 96%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 4 5 80%Construction 5 8 63%Mining & Oil & Gas 0 1 0%Health Care & Social Assistance 0 0 0%Other 0 7 0%Wholesale & Retail Trade 0 11 0%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 0 0 0%Total 41 65 63%Note: 20 employers reported laying off employees in the three months prior to their survey.

Number of layoffs that were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn


18 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Eleven per cent of the employers had 32 vacant positions that needed to be filled.Overall, 11 per cent of the employers reported they had vacant positions that needed to be filled at the time of their survey, down slightly from 13 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2015. Thirty per cent of the ‘other’ employers had vacant positions, compared to only 5 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade and transportation and warehousing employers and none of the mining and oil and gas employers.

Employers reported they had 32 vacancies that needed to be filled, resulting in an overall vacancy rate of 3.2 per cent. Vacancy rates ranged from a high of 7.0 per cent in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry to a low of 2.0 per cent and less in the professional, scientific and technical services, wholesale and retail trade and mining and oil and gas industries. Additional details on vacant positions can be found in Appendix B.

Number of Vacant Positions and Vacancy Rates

Comments

‣ “A staff member who left has since come back, so we have no more open positions at this time.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We just filled a position yesterday, so we don't have any vacant at this time.” - Construction

‣ “No, it's been this way for a very long time.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We just filled one position.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

0%#5%#5%#

10%#10%#10%#

14%#15%#15%#

30%#11%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%# 30%#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Transporta8on#&#Warehousing#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#Professional,#Scien8fic#&#Tech.#

Manufacturing#Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#

Construc8on#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Other#Overall#

Percentage)of)companies)with)vacant)posi3ons)that)needed)to)be)filled)at)3me)of)survey)

Q4#2016# Q4#2015#

Industry # of Vacant Positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 12Other 4Construction 0Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 14Transportation & Warehousing 7Manufacturing 3Health Care & Social Assistance 1Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 4Wholesale & Retail Trade 5Mining & Oil & Gas 1Total 51 Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

Q4 2015Vacancy

Rate# of Vacant Positions

11.8% 84.7% 60.0% 5

12.6% 38.1% 22.7% 21.1% 34.4% 24.1% 11.2% 05.3% 32

Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

Q4 2015 Q4 2016Vacancy

Rate

7.0%6.2%4.6%2.8%2.5%2.3%2.2%2.0%1.1%0.0%3.2%

Q4 2016


19 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “Not at the moment because we just hired to fill a few positions that were vacant.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have two positions open. These are sales positions, so they aren't the traditional wage or salary positions. They are commission based positions.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have already hired the practicum students for the year.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We have vacant positions, but we can't post them because we have no funds to fill those positions.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We can't afford to fill positions.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

On balance, 3 per cent of the employers anticipate employment in their company will increase over the next three months.Once any current vacant positions are filled, 6 per cent of the employers anticipate employment in their company will increase over the next three months, 3 per cent anticipate employment will decrease, and 91 per cent anticipate employment will stay about the same, for a positive balance of 3 per cent.17 This is similar to the Q4 2015 results when 4 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated employment would increase.

Employers from the professional, scientific and technical services and ‘other’ industries are the most positive about future employment levels. On balance, 15 per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services employers and 10 per cent of the ‘other’ employers anticipate an increase in employment in the next three months. In contrast, 5 per cent of the manufacturing and wholesale and retail trade employers on balance anticipate employment will decrease over the next three months.

4%# 3%#

%10%#

%5%#

0%#

5%#

10%#

Q4#2015# Q4#2016#

Do#you#an(cipate#employment#will#increase,##decrease#or#stay#the#same#in#the#next#3#months?#

Increase# Decrease# Balance#


17 Percentage of employers that anticipate employment in their company will increase in the next three months minus the percentage of employers that anticipate employment will decrease.

20 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Future EmploymentPercentage of companies that anticipated an increase or decrease in total employment in the 3 months following their survey

Increase Decrease Balance Increase Decrease BalanceOverall Results 9% 5% 4% 6% 3% 3%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 5% 20% -15% 5% 0% 5%Construction 5% 10% -5% 10% 10% 0%Manufacturing 10% 0% 10% 0% 5% -5%Wholesale & Retail Trade 14% 5% 10% 5% 10% -5%Transportation & Warehousing 5% 0% 5% 5% 0% 5%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 0% 5% -5% 15% 0% 15%Health Care & Social Assistance 10% 0% 10% 0% 0% 0%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 5% 0% 5% 5% 5% 0%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 20% 5% 15% 10% 5% 5%Other 15% 10% 5% 10% 0% 10%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

Overall, in the three months following their survey, employers anticipate employment will increase by 49 and decrease by 18, for a net employment increase of 31 people. Accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate a net employment increase of about 24 people. Employers in the wholesale and retail trade and manufacturing industries anticipate a slight employment decrease. Additional details on anticipated changes in employment can be found in Appendix B.

Comments‣ “Our season starts in April or May, so there will be no hiring until that time.” - Accommodation &

Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We're constantly hiring to fill positions when people leave or are transferred to another location.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We will decrease by about half.” - Construction

Industry Increase #

Decrease # Net #

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 30 6 24Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 4 0 4Other 3 0 3Transportation & Warehousing 3 0 3Mining & Oil & Gas 1 0 1Construction 5 5 0Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 2 2 0Health Care & Social Assistance 0 0 0Wholesale & Retail Trade 1 3 -2Manufacturing 0 2 -2Total 49 18 31

Anticipated change in employment over the next three months


21 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “Right now we can't afford to fill a position due to the federal government's changes to mortgage rules. That is greatly affecting our business. I'm working double to make up for the lack of staff.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have positions open, but we are just not able to fill them. We may actually have to let two brokers go instead.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Our peak season is in May and we've already laid off our seasonal workers, so I expect total employment to remain about the same.” - Other

‣ “The situation with employment in Chestermere has severely affected the school. However, we will not have to lay anyone off. If we need to reduce hours we would move more staff from part-time to contract roles.” - Other

‣ “I don't think we can get any smaller.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We may increase by another three pilots.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “That depends on the economy. Right now, we've just finished laying off staff.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “I would like to bring people back on part time, but I don't know if there will be enough work.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Recruitment MethodsWord of mouth/employee referrals and career and classified websites were the most successful recruitment methods over the last 12 months.Organizations use a variety of methods to recruit workers. Employers were asked to specify the recruitment method that was the most successful over the last 12 months. Word of mouth/employee referrals and career and classified websites were the most successful, reported by 17 per cent and 15 per cent of the employers respectively. Fifty-one per cent of the employers reported they did not hire in the last 12 months.Comments‣ “We generally hire friends of friends.” -

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “It's really just through word of mouth because everybody wants to work here.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

51%$1%$1%$1%$1%$1%$3%$3%$3%$3%$

15%$17%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$

Did$not$hire$in$the$last$12$months$Nothing$Other$

Signage$Rehires$

Newspapers$Industry$associaCons$

Company$website/internal$posCngs$WalkIins/unsolicited$resumes$

Colleges/universiCes$Career$and$classified$websites$

Word$of$mouth/employee$referrals$

Most%successful%recruitment%method%over%the%last%12%months%


22 EMPLOYER SURVEY

James.Russell

Highlight

‣ “I just put an ad up on the University of Calgary’s job board.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We're a theatre company, so there are some very specific websites we are able to use, such as Theatre Alberta and Canadian Actors Equity e-drive.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The most successful resource is LinkedIn.” - Construction

‣ “The best hiring method is Kijiji.” - Construction

‣ “The local Alberta Works job resource centres are very useful.” - Construction

‣ “We hire just by word of mouth.” - Construction

‣ “We just use word of mouth through contacts and referrals.” - Construction

‣ “We directly market to individuals in our industry.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have an HR consultant and he recruits people. I think his advertisements on the web have proved the most successful.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We posted the position through various resources, but we actually found the candidate through word of mouth.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “For that location, employee referral and local newspaper advertising are the most successful.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We generally hire from our summer students.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We use the University of Calgary career site for our recruitment and also because we're a nonprofit organization we use the Calgary Chamber of Volunteer Organizations.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We just have people coming in to drop off their resumes.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We use our corporate website.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Word of mouth and our personal knowledge of the people we hire.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We hire only professional staff, so we find that going to the professional bodies directly is the most successful strategy.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We've hired landed immigrants and permanent residents through referrals from another company in the agricultural manufacturing business. They have helped numerous other companies with hiring too.” - Manufacturing

‣ “People just come in to drop off resumes now.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We utilize web based advertising.” - Mining & Oil & Gas


23 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We just go on Kijiji.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We can't reach out to any outside recruiting resources because they don't understand the technology that we do. It is up to us to source candidates ourselves.” - Other

‣ “We use Kijiji.” - Other

‣ “I rely on my existing network when I need to hire.” - Other

‣ “When we have additional work, we look for short-term sub-consultants.” - Other

‣ “Usually we just post on Job Bank.” - Other

‣ “We rely on advertising on online resources like Job Bank.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We post on the Alberta Association of Architects website and on different provincial organization websites in BC, Ontario and Saskatchewan. We get a lot of applications through that system.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We hire by referral and networking.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We hire through headhunters only now.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “For us we're specifically hiring drivers, so we put information up at truck stops and post on Kijiji.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are really specialized, so we advertise on an industry specific basis in order to find a pool of talent to draw from.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “I usually just run an ad on Job Bank.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Our online portal is the most successful resource for us.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We rely on word of mouth with our drivers because they're always talking to somebody who is looking for work. We also post online.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We use Kijiji.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “I just used the Job Bank.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “In our industry people walk in the door looking for work, so we don't have to go out there to actively hire.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “ I just advertise on Kijiji or they come in or email me on their own.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “I hired by posting on Job Bank.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade


24 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Recruiting DifficultiesEleven per cent the employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.Overall, 11 per cent of the employers said they had difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months prior to their survey, down significantly from 22 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2015. One-quarter of the professional, scientific and technical services and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers had difficulty recruiting qualified employees, compared to only 5 per cent each of the construction and health care and social assistance employers and none of the mining and oil and gas employers.

The 22 employers that reported having difficulty recruiting were also asked to specify the occupations that were the most difficult to fill. The top three mentioned occupations were architects, insurance agents and brokers and hotel front desk clerks.

0%#5%#5%#

10%#10%#10%#10%#10%#

25%#25%#

11%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%# 30%# 35%# 40%# 45%#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#

Construc>on#Other#

Transporta>on#&#Warehousing#Manufacturing#

Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#

Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Professional,#Scien>fic#&#Tech.#

Overall#

Percentage)of)companies)that)had)difficulty)recrui6ng)in)the)12)months)prior)to)survey)

Q4#2016# Q4#2015#

NOC Code Occupation Employers #

2151 Architects 26231 Insurance agents and brokers 26525 Hotel front desk clerks 2111 Financial managers 1632 Accommodation service managers 11123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 11224 Property administrators 12225 Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists 12251 Architectural technologists and technicians 12271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 13413 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates 14169 Other professional occupations in social science 14211 Paralegal and related occupations 16232 Real estate agents and salespersons 16421 Retail salespersons 16711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 16731 Light duty cleaners 17201 Supervisors, machinists and related occupations 17271 Carpenters 17315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 17511 Truck drivers 17521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 19537 Other products machine operators 1

Note: 22 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees. All occupations are shown in the table.

What occupations have been the most difficult to fill?


25 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “It's very difficult to find part-time summer employees. Banff doesn't have enough accommodations

for the people who want to work there.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We have difficulty hiring for front desk, housekeeping and management, so for all of our positions.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The hiring difficulty is specifically with finding insurance brokers who are qualified and licensed.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have some difficulty finding account managers.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “There's not a lot of people out there in our industry to hire, so it can be difficult.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have difficulty finding property managers that can also do leasing.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “There's always difficulty finding architects or architectural technologists.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “It is always difficult to find qualified employees, particularly qualified project managers.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Of course there's hiring difficulties. They are based on the needs we have and work that we do. As a company, we're finding that the skills are lacking for what we're looking for.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Absolutely recruitment is difficult.” - Transportation & Warehousing

Employers have responded to the difficulty finding qualified employees in a variety of ways.Of the 22 employers that reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees, 15 employers increased recruiting efforts, 11 employers did not fill the job opening, and 10 employers increased the workload for current workers.


26 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “This is a small business, so I don't have the ability to offer staff accommodations like some other

businesses in the area. I just have to keep looking.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We've gone through resumes and the hiring process as much as we can. We have contacted SAIT's hotel management school but it's hard when someone is a student to hire them full-time. Our temporary foreign worker applications are denied. We're constantly training to meet new standards set by corporate headquarters, such as new housekeeping standards.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We covered the work ourselves by working extra and we kept waiting. We advertised again and again for a total of four times.” - Construction

‣ “I'm still recruiting because it's very difficult to find qualified applicants. We have increased investment in training through facilitators.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Usually we don't really want to hire people who are not already qualified, so we will wait with a vacant position advertised until we find someone suitable.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Our other employees have to pick up the slack when we can't find a suitable person to fill an open position.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We've taken people that have no experience and trained them in house which was very costly.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

Response to hiring difficulties Employers #

Increased recruiting efforts 15Did not fill the job opening 11Increased workload for current workers 10Increased investment in training provided by in-house staff 7Hired contingent workers, including temps, contractors and freelancers 6Hired a less qualified applicant 4Redesigned the job to change the required skills 3Increased wages/benefits to attract more applicants 2Outsourced the work 2Redeployed employees to new roles where their skills were more needed 2Targeted underutilized or new talent pools * 2Applied for/hired temporary foreign workers 1Increased investment in training provided by a third-party 1Partnered with educational institutions to ensure programs develop candidates with the right skills1Nothing 2Note: 22 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.* Mature workers, stay at home parents, persons with disabilities, Aboriginal peoples, etc.

How has your company responded to the difficulty recruiting qualified employees?


27 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “Nobody wants to work hard when there's only part-time work offered, so we haven't been able to find the right person.” - Other

‣ “We need people with specific skill sets, so it's just waiting for the right employee to come along. We have no strategy beyond that.” - Other

‣ “We just keep trying to find people. We run a constant ad on our website now.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We work later and put in overtime to compensate for the lack of workers.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We just outsourced recruitment to headhunters so we don't have to even think about it anymore.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're kind of an oddball organization. We do aerial photography for the purposes of surveying and mapping. We typically are searching for a pool of pilots with specialized survey operations experience because what we do is fairly specific. At the same time we can take pilots with a good level of experience and give them the specialized back end training. With the equipment operators, they're more scarce and very hard to find. We have gone the temporary foreign worker route when we can't find someone in Canada.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We hired our own recruiter at head office.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, 7 per cent of the employers anticipate they will have less difficulty recruiting qualified employees over the next 12 months.Four per cent of the employers anticipate they will have more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey, 11 per cent anticipate they will have less difficulty and 85 per cent anticipate they will have about the same difficulty, for a balance of 7 per cent anticipating they will have less difficulty.18 In Q4 2015, 17 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated they would have less difficulty recruiting qualified employees.

!17%%

!7%%

!25%%

!20%%

!15%%

!10%%

!5%%

0%%

5%%

Q4%2015% Q4%2016%

Do#you#an(cipate#having#more,#less#or#the#same#difficulty#recrui(ng#qualified#employees#in#the#

next#12#months?#More% Less% Balance%


18 Percentage of employers that anticipate having more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate having less difficulty.

28 EMPLOYER SURVEY

On balance, 20 per cent of the employers in the wholesale and retail trade industry and 10 per cent of the employers in the construction and ‘other’ industries anticipate they will have less difficulty recruiting in the next 12 months. Employers in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry on balance anticipate they will have about the same amount of difficulty recruiting over the next year. Future Recruiting DifficultiesPercentage of companies that anticipated having more or less difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey

More Less Balance More Less BalanceOverall Results 3% 20% -17% 4% 11% -7%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 0% 30% -30% 0% 5% -5%Construction 5% 20% -15% 5% 15% -10%Manufacturing 10% 25% -15% 10% 15% -5%Wholesale & Retail Trade 5% 19% -14% 5% 25% -20%Transportation & Warehousing 0% 15% -15% 5% 10% -5%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 0% 15% -15% 5% 10% -5%Health Care & Social Assistance 5% 20% -15% 5% 9% -5%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 5% 10% -5% 5% 5% 0%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 0% 30% -30% 0% 5% -5%Other 5% 15% -10% 0% 10% -10%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

Employee TurnoverThirty per cent of the employers reported employees had voluntarily left their company in the prior year.Overall, 30 per cent of the employers reported employees had left their company in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover,19 similar to the previous year when 29 per cent of the employers reported voluntary turnover.

Forty-five per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 40 per cent of the construction and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers said employees had voluntarily left in the prior year, compared to 15 per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services employers.

15%$20%$

25%$25%$25%$

30%$30%$

40%$40%$

45%$30%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$ 70%$

Professional,$Scien8fic$&$Tech.$Transporta8on$&$Warehousing$

Other$Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Manufacturing$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Construc8on$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Overall$

Percentage)of)companies)with)voluntary)turnover)in)the)12)months)prior)to)survey)

Q4$2016$ Q4$2015$


19 Initiated by the employee, not including retirement or maternity leave.

29 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, the turnover rate was 9.7 per cent.Employers reported approximately 93 employees left their companies in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover. This equates to a turnover rate20 of 9.7 per cent, down from 14.6 per cent in Q4 2015.

The health care and social assistance industry had the highest turnover rate on average at 13.7 per cent, up from 6.5 per cent the previous year. The accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry had the next highest turnover rate at 13.2 per cent, but this was down from 31 per cent in 2015. In contrast, the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing industry (6.7 per cent) and professional, scientific and technical services industry (6.1 per cent) had the lowest average employee turnover rates in the fourth quarter of 2016.

Employers were also asked to specify the occupations that experienced the most voluntary turnover. Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport (5 per cent), personnel and recruitment officers, sales representatives - wholesale trade, food and beverage servers, food counter attendants, light duty cleaners, carpenters and truck drivers (3 per cent each) were the top occupations mentioned by employers.

6.1%%6.7%%7.4%%7.8%%8.2%%8.5%%

10.6%%12.1%%13.2%%13.7%%

9.7%%

0.0%% 5.0%% 10.0%%15.0%%20.0%%25.0%%30.0%%35.0%%

Professional,%Scien;fic%&%Tech.%Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%

Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%Transporta;on%&%Warehousing%

Manufacturing%Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%

Construc;on%Other%

Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Overall%

Employee(turnover(rates(Q4%2016% Q4%2015%

NOC Code Occupation Employers %

6722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 5%1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 3%6411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 3%6513 Food and beverage servers 3%6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 3%6731 Light duty cleaners 3%7271 Carpenters 3%7511 Truck drivers 3%

Only occupations with a response of 3 per cent or more are shown in the table.

What occupations have experienced the most voluntary turnover?

Note: 60 employers reported employees had left their company in the previous 12 months as a result of voluntary turnover. Some employers did not specify which occupations.


20 Total turnover divided by total employees.

30 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “We hire a lot of people with visas in Banff, so turnover is expected.” - Construction

‣ “There have been no changes in our staffing in over two years.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “There can be a lot of turnover in residential cleaning.” - Other

‣ “Consultants leave all the time.” - Other

‣ “Our turnover rate was about 70%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're in a transient town so they come for three or six months and move on.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, 7 per cent of the employers anticipate employee turnover will be lower over the next year.Two per cent of the employers anticipate voluntary employee turnover will be higher in the 12 months following their survey and 9 per cent anticipate it will be lower, for a balance of 7 per cent anticipating lower turnover.21 In Q4 2015, 8 per cent of the employers on balance also anticipated turnover would be lower in the year following their survey.

Twenty per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services employers and 15 per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers anticipate employee turnover in their companies will be lower in the next year. Future TurnoverPercentage of companies that anticipated employee turnover would be higher or lower in the 12 months following their survey

Higher Lower Balance Higher Lower BalanceOverall Results 4% 12% -8% 2% 9% -7%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 5% 5% 0% 0% 0% 0%Construction 0% 5% -5% 5% 10% -5%Manufacturing 15% 20% -5% 10% 10% 0%Wholesale & Retail Trade 10% 10% 0% 5% 5% 0%Transportation & Warehousing 0% 5% -5% 0% 10% -10%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 5% 15% -10% 0% 20% -20%Health Care & Social Assistance 0% 15% -15% 5% 9% -5%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 5% 20% -15% 0% 5% -5%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 0% 20% -20% 0% 15% -15%Other 5% 10% -5% 0% 10% -10%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

!8%$ !7%$

!15%$

!10%$

!5%$

0%$

5%$

Q4$2015$ Q4$2016$

Do#you#an(cipate#employee#turnover#will#be#higher#or#lower#in#the#next#12#months?#

Higher$ Lower$ Balance$


21 Percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be lower.

31 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “We don't really expect any turnover.” - Construction

‣ “That depends on the economy, but I expect turnover to be even lower.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Turnover will definitely stay the same. No one would leave in this economy.” - Transportation & Warehousing

Employee RetentionThe top successful retention strategy over the last 12 months was providing a job in the current economic environment.Employers were asked to indicate an employee retention strategy that was the most successful over the last 12 months. Eighteen per cent of the employers said just providing a job in the current economic environment was the most successful at retaining employees, followed by a positive work environment (12 per cent), excellent management/supervision (10 per cent) and interesting/challenging work (9 per cent). Twenty-one per cent of the employers said nothing was successful in retaining employees and 5 per cent were unsure.

Comments‣ “We offer flexible hours.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “It's certainly not the wages. It's just that people like working here.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “I think people keep working here mostly because it's fun. The people who come work in theatre are passionate and love what they do.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We've been doing whatever we can do, including improving our benefits and raising our wages to keep people here if they're good.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We offer lots of challenging work and benefits.” - Construction

‣ “We are in a niche market and we're quite creative in what we offer. All of our people are given the chance to have fulfilling work and really take control of their own destiny. We empower them to largely make their position into what is satisfying to them.” - Construction

‣ “Everybody who works for me learns. I'm willing to teach everybody.” - Construction

21%$5%$

1%$1%$1%$1%$2%$2%$2%$2%$2%$

5%$7%$

9%$10%$

12%$18%$

0%$ 5%$ 10%$ 15%$ 20%$ 25%$

Nothing$Unsure$Other$

Excellent$communica=on$Company$culture$

Cash$bonuses$Perks$

Learning/growth$opportuni=es$Excellent$coworkers$

Employee$engagement$Compe==ve$benefits$package$

Flexible$work$measures$Compe==ve$salary$

Interes=ng/challenging$work$Excellent$management/supervision$

Posi=ve$work$environment$Providing$a$job$in$this$economy$

Most%successful%employee%reten0on%strategy%


32 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “I'm a nice guy to work with.” - Construction

‣ “I think we've got a whole host of perks and benefits. That's probably the most attractive in terms of retention.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “The best retention strategy is probably mentorship. I always offer staff moral support and proper education in consulting.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We are heavy into training and rewards in our company.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “I know a lot of people may disagree, but I think compensation is directly related to retention.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Workplace enjoyment is the best retention strategy.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We're a charitable organization, so the people who work for us are attracted to the type of work that we do. We work with people who can't afford the normal rates for therapy.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “I would say meaningful work.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We try to maintain an atmosphere where people enjoy their jobs. We try to give as many perks as we can, especially right now when money is tight and raises are not as forthcoming as they once were. We make up for that in other ways such as letting people leave early on Friday on a rotating schedule and paying full benefits instead of cost sharing like before.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “I think it's our employee retention strategy around valuing diversity and accommodation. In other words our work culture retains our employees. We have a very respectful relationship with our staff. They are therefore very loyal to us and in turn we are loyal to them.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Good pay for one thing. For another, we're stress free. There's no backstabbing and no office drama here.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Staff recognition goes a long way towards retention.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We have a job for them. There's not a whole lot else that's more motivating at this point in time because we are not doing the bonuses or perks that we would normally do.” - Manufacturing

‣ “There's nothing I can do about the lack of accommodations in Banff. No other retention strategy matters in comparison.” - Manufacturing

‣ “The lack of opportunities elsewhere is enough.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're shareholders.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Well there's a number of things, we won [a provincial award] for our perks and incentives. Our unlimited vacation certainly stands out.” - Other


33 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “I think just good communication with our employees.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We work in a small company with a nice atmosphere. We try to help each other. We have a policy and principle that in order to design and become creative, people need to feel comfortable. We have very open and good communication between everyone.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “I always have a hard time knowing this because I'm not them. We give some benefits that are beyond what normal labour laws recommend. The two main ones are extra time off or half days off and flexible hours or flex time.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're quite flexible with our staff when they're sick.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Does anybody want to leave their job anywhere at this time? I do have long term employees who have been with me for 10 or more years, so no one is going anywhere anytime soon.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “They're all contractors, so they're making a percentage of what the business makes. I have good people who have been with me for a long time.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “I think it's the quality of the work the company has. We also have a matching pension plan that's very important to our drivers.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are all owners, so we don't want to be jobless or lose our homes.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We treat people well and are hands on in our approach to running the business. We offer our employees regular evaluations and positive supports.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Two per cent of the employers on balance anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention over the next year.Six per cent of the employers anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention over the next year, 4 per cent anticipate they will be focusing less and 90 per cent anticipate they will be focusing about the same, for a positive balance of 2 per cent.22 This was unchanged from the previous year’s results. Fourteen per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 10 per cent of the transportation and warehousing and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate they will be

2%# 2%#

$5%#

0%#

5%#

10%#

Q4#2015# Q4#2016#

Do#you#an(cipate#focusing#more,#less#or#the#same#on#employee#reten(on#in#the#next#12#months?#

More# Less# Balance#


22 Percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing less.

34 EMPLOYER SURVEY

focusing more on employee retention over the next year. In contrast, 15 per cent of the manufacturing employers and 10 per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services employers anticipate they will be focusing less on employee retention. Future RetentionPercentage of companies that anticipated they would be focusing more or less on employee retentionin the 12 months following their survey

More Less Balance More Less BalanceOverall Results 6% 4% 2% 6% 4% 2%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 0% 15% -15% 0% 0% 0%Construction 5% 0% 5% 5% 5% 0%Manufacturing 25% 10% 15% 5% 20% -15%Wholesale & Retail Trade 0% 5% -5% 5% 0% 5%Transportation & Warehousing 10% 0% 10% 10% 0% 10%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 0% 5% -5% 0% 10% -10%Health Care & Social Assistance 10% 0% 10% 14% 0% 14%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 0% 0% 0% 10% 0% 10%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 15% 5% 10% 10% 5% 5%Other 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 5%

Q4 2015 Q4 2016

Comments‣ “We will focus less on retention. If there's no new work soon, then there's going to be no work to

keep people employed.” - Construction

‣ “We pay people reasonably well and they're looked after. We don't have a problem with retention here.” - Construction

‣ “That's a hard one. We may focus less on retention because we may have to let people go soon.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will continue to explore other perks we can offer our staff.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Retention will continue to be an increased focus of ours, there's no question on that.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We're always looking to do more to retain.” - Transportation & Warehousing


35 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Supplemental Questions - Focus on DiversificationIn addition to the general questions about recruitment and retention practices, employers were asked the following specific questions about their plans to diversify:

‣ Overall, in the last 12 months, has the demand for your products/services increased, decreased or stayed the same as a result of the economic downturn and drop in oil prices?

‣ In the past 12 months, has your company diversified its operations, clients, products, services or markets to manage your business through the downturn?

‣ In response to the economic downturn, does your company currently have a plan in place to diversify its operations beyond where they are today within the next 2 years? If yes, how are you planning to diversify? If no, please explain further.

‣ If your company has a plan in place to diversity its operations, is your company likely to hire additional people as a result of diversifying your business? If yes, how many hires do you expect in the next 12 months? What occupations? Will you be refocusing existing staff to new activities? Will you require training to accomplish this?

Forty-eight per cent of the employers said the demand for their products/services has decreased in the last 12 months as a result of the economic downturn.Overall, 48 per cent of the employers said the demand for their products/services has decreased in the last year as a result of the economic downturn and drop in oil prices, 14 per cent said demand has increased, and 38 per cent said demand has stayed about the same.

Results varied significantly by industry, from a high of 65 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers reporting demand has decreased to a low of about 35 per cent of the health care and social assistance and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers reporting demand has decreased.

One quarter of the ‘other’ employers and 20 per cent of the transportation and warehousing and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers said the economic downturn and drop in oil prices has increased the demand for their products/services.

35%$

36%$

45%$

45%$

45%$

50%$

50%$

55%$

60%$

65%$

48%$

20%$

14%$

25%$

20%$

15%$

15%$

10%$

5%$

10%$

5%$

14%$

45%$

50%$

30%$

35%$

40%$

35%$

40%$

40%$

30%$

30%$

38%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Other$

TransportaDon$&$Warehousing$

ConstrucDon$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Professional,$ScienDfic$&$Tech.$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$

Manufacturing$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$

Overall$

Demand'for'products/services'increased,'decreased'or'stayed'the'same'as'a'result'of'the'economic'downturn'and'drop'in'oil'prices'

Decreased$ Increased$ Same$


36 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, the demand for employers’ products and/or services decreased by an average of 15 per cent over the last 12 months.Employers were also asked to estimate a percentage change in demand for their products and/or services in the last 12 months. Overall, 170 employers were able to provide this additional information (including no change), resulting in an average decrease in demand of 15 per cent. Results varied significantly by industry, ranging from an average decrease in demand of less than 5 per cent for employers in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and wholesale and retail trade industries to an average decrease in demand of over 30 per cent for construction and mining and oil and gas employers.

Comments‣ “We're in tourism in Alberta. There's no downturn in our industry. There's been an increase in

demand by 20% or more.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Demand has definitely decreased, by 50% at least.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The economic downturn has not made a difference in terms of the core services we provide, but there are fewer people buying the extra treats.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Demand has decreased by 60%.” - Construction

‣ “In the last four months, we have had very few new contracts. It's horrible. All of the other work we have scheduled until this upcoming spring was signed up and scheduled last spring. I've been in business for 26 years and the current demand is so low that it's scary.” - Construction

‣ “I'm down 50% or more.” - Construction

‣ “The demand has decreased by about 80%.” - Construction

‣ “It's increased in volume oddly enough, but our customer's budgets are tighter.” - Construction

Industry Number of Employers

Avg. Change (%)

Wholesale & Retail Trade 16 -2%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 18 -3%Health Care & Social Assistance 18 -6%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 20 -9%Transportation & Warehousing 13 -10%Manufacturing 17 -15%Other 17 -15%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 17 -22%Construction 18 -31%Mining & Oil & Gas 16 -36%Total 170 -15%

Estimated average change in demand in the 12 months prior to survey

Note: Average includes employers that estimated no change in demand. Average does not include employers that did not provide an estimate of change in demand.


37 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “Demand has decreased by a good 85%.” - Construction

‣ “With the new taxes and everything else I would estimate demand has decreased by about 25%.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We are going to be suspending our corporate business in Calgary.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We're in agricultural manufacturing. Our demand has actually increased by 20%.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Demand is down by a third.” - Manufacturing

‣ “There's just not much going on with the business right now.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We are down at least 50%.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Demand decreased by 70%.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are definitely down. I just did the books and we're down 56% from where we were last year.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Demand has dropped by 200%. We are not busy at all.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Our demand is down almost 100%.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Demand for our recruiting services is down by 75%.” - Other

‣ “Demand has decreased by about 60%.” - Other

‣ “We have decreased dramatically, by 60-70%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Our demand is down 100%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're really busy right now. Demand has stayed the same or improved in spite of the economic downturn.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Demand is down by 80%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “What economic downturn? We have seen an increase in demand. I know that's an enviable position to be in.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are pretty fortunate in our industry and as a company. We have managed to maintain our levels at 75% of where they were. There's a lot more businesses out there hurting more than we are. I've been in business for 40 years, so I've been through cyclical downturns four times in my career. This downturn is especially tough, more so than the even the one in the 1980's.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We had about an 8 month period where demand just dropped and dropped due to a trickle down effect. Following that we had a period of stability of 6 months where things stayed right at the same level. In the last 3 months I've seen quite a good increase in customers, either those returning or new customers. I can honestly say I've had an upswing and I think it will continue.” - Transportation & Warehousing


38 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “Our demand has decreased by 60%.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Demand has absolutely decreased horrifically, by at least 50%.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “Ours is down by 80%.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “It's probably decreased by 75-80%.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We have seen different things happening. People are not spending as much money but are doing more little things, so I would say demand is the same even if revenue is down.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “I would say there has been a decrease of 50%.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Thirty-one per cent of the employers reported they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the last 12 months to manage their business through the downturn.Overall, 31 per cent of employers said they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the past year to manage their business through the downturn. Half of the professional, scientific and technical services and wholesale and retail trade employers said they have diversified, compared to 10 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers.

Comments‣ “Yes we've added programs to reach a

wider base.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We constantly have projects because our contracts are often for the government, so there is no need for us to diversify.” - Construction

‣ “Not really because we had our additional products rolling out or being developed before 12 months ago.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “No, I'm an accountant and taxes have to be filed regardless of the economic conditions.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “No, I have just downsized in response to the downturn.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have tried branching out into other areas, but most of our customers are in oil and gas.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We didn't need to do anything different because our industry, retail grocery supplies, is fairly recession proof. We are able to run the business the way we have all along and remain unaffected by the downturn.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

10%$20%$20%$20%$

32%$35%$35%$40%$50%$50%$

31%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

ConstrucCon$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$TransportaCon$&$Warehousing$

Other$Manufacturing$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Professional,$ScienCfic$&$Tech.$

Total$

Has$your$company$diversified$in$the$last$12$months$to$manage$your$business$through$the$downturn?$

Yes$ No$


39 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, 34 per cent of employers have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.In response to the economic downturn, 34 per cent of employers reported they currently have a plan in place to diversify their operations beyond where they are today within the next two years. Half of the wholesale and retail trade employers and 45 per cent of the manufacturing employers reported they have a plan in place, compared to 20 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers and 10 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers.

Employers that have a plan will be diversifying in a variety of ways.Of the employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years (68 employers), 42 employers will be diversifying their products/services, 32 employers will be diversifying the types of their clients/customers and 14 employers will be diversifying the location of their clients/customers. Seventeen of the employers that have a plan to diversify reported using more than one diversification strategy.Comments‣ “We will be focusing more on marketing

our museum to more clients. We will also be offering more special events.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are going to start offering fun classes for corporate groups through new events and lunch and learns. We will be expanding into new services beyond our one-act plays.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We will be looking beyond oilfield construction into new areas such as reclamation and cleanup. There isn't a lot of demand for what we usually do in the Calgary area, so we will have to start offering different services.” - Construction

‣ “We are offering more unique products and services, such as new cabinet designs.” - Construction

‣ “We have started to look outside of Alberta.” - Construction

10%$20%$30%$30%$35%$36%$40%$40%$45%$50%$

34%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

TransportaBon$&$Warehousing$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Other$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$Professional,$ScienBfic$&$Tech.$

ConstrucBon$Manufacturing$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Overall$

Is#there#a#plan#in#place#to#diversify#in#the#next#two#years?#

Yes$ No$

1"

1"

14"

32"

42"

0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50"

Other"

Add"loca3ons"""

Diversify"loca3on"of"clients/customers""

Diversify"types"of"clients/customers"

Diversify"products/services""

Number'of'Employers'

How'is'your'company'planning'to'diversify?'


40 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We are trying our best to find work outside of the province. There are opportunities in BC and the Northwest Territories.” - Construction

‣ “We will start offering new financial services to our clients.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will be offering more electronic services.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will be offering our counselling services to clients of other nonprofit organizations through new partnerships and relationships. We are looking for new grants and funding.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We are converting all of our resources from paper to electronic form. Our products and services will be available to assist more people. We are able to reach a broader clientele through our website.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “There will be more focus on bringing in new clients through advertising.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We will try to increase maintenance and upgrading sides of the business, as demand for new and experimental builds has slowed down.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We will look at how to bring in different types of customers.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are hoping to expand more into catering because there is demand for those products and services.” - Other

‣ “We will focus more on international project opportunities.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We are offering more flight training operations.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are strengthening our online sales through our website.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We will all do what we can to bring in more business. We are targeting different clients besides our usual corporate oil and gas clients.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Overall, 15 of the 68 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely hire an estimated 25 people as a direct result of diversification planning.Of the 68 employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years, 15 employers said they are likely to hire additional people as a result of diversifying their business. The majority of the additional positions are in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing industries.

Overall, employers estimate they will likely hire an additional 25 people as part of their diversification plan. Additional details on future positions can be found in Appendix B.


41 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, 29 of the 68 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely refocus an estimated 99 existing staff to new activities. Of the 68 employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years, 29 employers said they are likely to refocus an estimated 99 existing staff to new activities as a result of diversifying their business. In addition, of the 29 employers that are likely to refocus staff, 7 employers overall said their employees will likely require additional training as a result of refocusing.

Comments‣ “We will be hiring a marketing manager. We will also be refocusing two of our existing staff

members.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We will be hiring people on a contract basis specifically for new events.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

Industry

Number of employers that have a plan to

diversify

Number of employers that plan to

hire

Total future

positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 4 3 9Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 6 3 5Transportation & Warehousing 6 2 3Manufacturing 9 2 3Construction 8 2 2Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 8 1 1Other 7 1 1Wholesale & Retail Trade 10 1 1Health Care & Social Assistance 8 0 0Mining & Oil & Gas 2 0 0Total 68 15 25

Are you likely to hire additional people as part of your diversification plan?

Industry

Number of employers that have a plan to

diversify

Number of employers that

will refocus employees

Total employees to refocus

Number of employers that

will require employee training

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 6 5 25 2Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 8 4 10 0Manufacturing 9 4 18 1Transportation & Warehousing 6 3 8 1Health Care & Social Assistance 8 3 14 1Construction 8 3 5 0Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 4 3 7 2Wholesale & Retail Trade 10 2 4 0Mining & Oil & Gas 2 1 5 0Other 7 1 3 0Total 68 29 99 7

Are you likely to refocus existing employees to new activities? Will employees need training as a result?


42 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We will hire new housekeeping and front desk staff as needed. There's always cross-training involved when we refocus staff to new roles.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We already did the hiring necessary to start diversifying. We still have some refocusing to do though.” - Construction

‣ “Ultimately I think we will be hiring more project managers. We are not refocusing staff at this point in time, but perhaps geographically we will refocus in other parts of the country in the future. At the moment everyone is utilized very well based on the positions we've hired them into. There's lots of work for them in their current roles.” - Construction

‣ “In March we plan to hire an additional property and leasing agent. We will also look at refocusing.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will be hiring about three new real estate salespeople.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have had to do training around digital marketing, document conversion and maintaining of the website to get ready for the refocusing of our staff.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We will likely hire an additional person for manufacturing. In addition, we will be refocusing six employees.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We may be hiring if new projects go forward. We will refocus our own staff as new projects arise.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We are looking to hire two new aviation trainers.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We will be hiring drivers, but I don't know how many people that will involve at this time. We will be refocusing maybe five staff and they will require additional in house training.” - Transportation & Warehousing

Overall, two-thirds of employers do not have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.In response to the economic downturn, 66 per cent of employers reported they currently do not have a plan in place to diversify their operations beyond where they are today within the next two years. Ninety per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers reported they do not have a plan in place, compared to half of the wholesale and retail trade employers.

50%$55%$60%$60%$64%$65%$70%$70%$80%$90%$

66%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Manufacturing$

Professional,$ScienCfic$&$Tech.$ConstrucCon$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$Other$

TransportaCon$&$Warehousing$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Overall$

Is#there#a#plan#in#place#to#diversify#in#the#next#two#years?#

No$ Yes$


43 EMPLOYER SURVEY

There are several reasons employers do not have a plan in place to diversify.Of the employers that do not have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years (134 employers), 66 employers said they do not have a plan because oil prices and the economic downturn do not affect their business. Thirty-eight employers said oil prices and the economic downturn affect their business, but there is nothing they can do to diversify.

Comments‣ “No, because we are doing better than the same time last year.” - Accommodation & Food Services/

Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are diversifying, but not because of the economic downturn. We have and will continue to manage the business in order to accommodate the boom in tourism. Our situation is totally opposite from what other industries are experiencing.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “No, I'm a motel. I sit here waiting for customers to come.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The owners, and I'm one of them, have had to seek employment outside of the company. We can't generate enough income to pay ourselves even.” - Construction

‣ “There will be no diversification because we are in plumbing and that's all we do.” - Construction

‣ “There's no economic downturn in Banff in our industry.” - Construction

‣ “The decrease in demand is due to the federal government changes that are making it harder for our customers to get mortgage loans. There's not something that I can do myself per se to diversify that would increase demand. We can't change the implemented rules that are affecting a lot of our potential clients.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “As a disability service provider, demand doesn't decrease due to the economy.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “The economy has no effect on motor vehicle accidents. People still get hurt and then need our services.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

Reasons employers do not have a plan in place to diversify over the next two years # of Employers

Oil prices and the economic downturn do not affect our business 66Oil prices and the economic downturn affect our business but there is nothing we can do to diversify 38That is a management/head office decision 7We are considering putting together a plan to diversify but have not started 6Diversification was not due to the economic downturn 5We have finished diversifying for now 5It is important for our business but we have not done anything to put a plan together to diversify at this point 5Company is closing 2Total 134


44 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We are working on a plan right now.” - Manufacturing

‣ “What I do is I make name tags for businesses. No one is hiring, so no one needs new name tags.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We're in kind of a specified market with specialty products, so it's hard to diversify.” - Manufacturing

‣ “No. We're an oil company, so we can't diversify.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We have started another company, but it is not related to the one I'm responding for now.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are currently working on it.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “No because we are considering wrapping things up and closing the company.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're a housecleaning company, so I'm not sure what we could do to diversify.” - Other

‣ “We are a small nonprofit, so we cannot diversify.” - Other

‣ “No because our past attempts at diversification haven't been successful.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We have no formal business plan in place, but we are certainly trying to remain in business.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We're already diversified.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We do not have a specific plan because our business is so specialized that we cannot really do anything else.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “The company already diversified by moving to a new location and merging with another law firm.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “I'm just one truck driver with a small company of owner-operators, so I can't diversify to fix the situation.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are a storage facility, so there's not much we can do to diversify. However, my own personal opinion is that people have learned about budgeting during the downturn and many can now fit our services into their budget.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We're connected to house builders, so we can't really diversify.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade


45 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Annual 2016 Survey ResultsEmployer Survey - Annual 2016 Results

Survey ProfileThe 804 employers surveyed in 2016 employed approximately 141,273 people. Of this total, 61 per cent were full-time employees, 18 per cent were part-time employees, and 21 per cent were either contract, seasonal, casual, temporary or relief staff.

How many people does your company employ in the Calgary region?

”Other” represents companies in any of the following industries: agriculture, utilities, information & culture,management of companies, administrative & support services, educational services, other services or public administration.

Industry Total Employees

Number of Companies

Mining & Oil & Gas 14,449 81Construction 8,111 80Manufacturing 5,256 80Wholesale & Retail Trade 9,325 80Transportation & Warehousing 11,092 80Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 6,809 81Health Care & Social Assistance 45,759 82Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 6,495 80Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 6,599 80Other 27,378 80Total 141,273 804


46 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Business ActivityOn balance, 23 per cent of the employers said their company downsized in the year prior to their survey. Business downsizing was widespread across company sizes and industries.Fifteen per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 said their company expanded in the 12 months prior to their survey and 38 per cent reported their company downsized, resulting in a negative balance of 23 per cent.23 This is down significantly from the 2015 results, when 3 per cent of the employers on balance reported their company expanded. Business downsizing was reported by employers in all the company size categories, led by large-sized employers (27 per cent). Employers in nine of the ten industry categories reported business downsizing on balance, led by mining and oil and gas employers (65 per cent) and construction employers (49 per cent). Seventeen per cent of the health care and social assistance employers on balance said they expanded in the last year, the only industry category with a positive result.

11%#

$8%#$4%#

8%#

19%#13%# 15%#

3%#

$23%#

$40%#

$30%#

$20%#

$10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

30%#

2008# 2009# 2010# 2011# 2012# 2013# 2014# 2015# 2016#

Past%Business%Ac-vity:%Overall%Results%Has#your#company#expanded#or#downsized#

#in#the#last#12#months?#

Expanded# Downsized# Balance#

!17%%

!23%%

!24%%

!27%%

!30%% !20%% !10%% 0%% 10%% 20%%

Micro%(<10)%

Small%(10!49)%

Medium%(50!99)%

Large%(100+)%

Past%Business%Ac-vity:%Results%by%Company%Size%Has%your%company%expanded%or%downsized%

%in%the%last%12%months?%2016% 2015%

!65%%!49%%

!33%%!30%%!28%%

!19%%!8%%!6%%!6%%

17%%

!80%% !60%% !40%% !20%% 0%% 20%% 40%%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%Construc>on%

Professional,%Scien>fic%&%Tech.%Manufacturing%

Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%Transporta>on%&%Warehousing%Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%

Other%Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Past%Business%Ac-vity:%Results%by%Industry%Has%your%company%expanded%or%downsized%

%in%the%last%12%months?%2016% 2015%


23 Percentage of companies reporting an expansion minus percentage of companies reporting a downsize.

47 EMPLOYER SURVEY

On balance, 5 per cent of the employers anticipated a business downsize in the next 12 months. Expectations of future business downsizing were concentrated among large-sized employers and employers in the mining and oil and gas, wholesale and retail trade and construction industries. Fourteen per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 anticipated a business expansion in the 12 months following their survey and 19 per cent anticipated a business downsize, for a negative balance of 5 per cent.24 These results are down from the 2015 results, when 5 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated a business expansion in the year following their survey. Expectations of future business downsizing were concentrated among large-sized employers (15 per cent) and small-sized employers (6 per cent). Twenty-eight per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers and 20 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade employers anticipated a business downsize in the year following their survey. On the positive side, 23 per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 5 per cent each of the ‘other’ and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers anticipated a business expansion.

11%# 13%#

22%#26%# 23%# 23%# 26%#

5%#

(5%#

(20%#

(10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

30%#

40%#

2008# 2009# 2010# 2011# 2012# 2013# 2014# 2015# 2016#

Future&Business&Ac-vity:&Overall&Results&Do#you#an3cipate#a#business#expansion#or#downsize#in#

the#next#12#months?#Expanded# Downsized# Balance#

0%#

$6%#

1%#

$15%#

$20%# $15%# $10%# $5%# 0%# 5%# 10%#

Micro#(<10)#

Small#(10$49)#

Medium#(50$99)#

Large#(100+)#

Future&Business&Ac-vity:&Results&by&Company&Size&Do#you#an@cipate#a#business#expansion#or#downsize#in#

the#next#12#months?&2016# 2015#

!28%%!20%%

!14%%!9%%!6%%!3%%!3%%

5%%5%%

23%%

!40%% !30%% !20%% !10%% 0%% 10%% 20%% 30%%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%

ConstrucCon%Manufacturing%

Professional,%ScienCfic%&%Tech.%Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%

TransportaCon%&%Warehousing%Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%

Other%Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Future&Business&Ac-vity:&Results&by&Industry&Do%you%anCcipate%a%business%expansion%or%downsize%in%

the%next%12%months?&2016% 2015%


24 Percentage of companies anticipating a business expansion minus percentage of companies anticipating a business downsize.

48 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future EmploymentTwenty-six per cent of the employers laid off workers in the three months prior to their survey, up slightly from 23 per cent the previous year.Twenty-six per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 reported they laid off employees in the three months prior to their survey (for reasons other than seasonality). This was up slightly from 23 per cent of the employers in 2015, and was led by large-sized employers (36 per cent) and employers from the professional, scientific and technical services (41 per cent), construction (39 per cent), mining and oil and gas (36 per cent) and manufacturing (34 per cent) industries.

While there were slightly more employers reporting they laid off employees compared to the 2015 results, total layoffs were down significantly in 2016. Overall, 26 per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 reported 1,799 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate25 of 1.3 per cent. This compares to 2015 when 23 per cent of the employers said they laid off 3,661 people, representing a layoff rate of 2.3 per cent. While the mining and oil and gas industry had the highest number of layoffs (510 layoffs), the construction industry had the highest layoff rate at 4.7 per cent in 2016, followed by professional, scientific and technical services (4.5 per cent) and manufacturing (3.6 per cent). Additional details on layoffs can be found in Appendix C.

28%$

15%$

7%$

11%$ 12%$14%$

23%$26%$

0%$

5%$

10%$

15%$

20%$

25%$

30%$

2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Past%Layoffs:%Overall%Results%Percentage$of$employers$that$laid$off$employees$in$the$

three$months$prior$to$survey$

10%$

25%$

33%$

36%$

0%$ 5%$ 10%$ 15%$ 20%$ 25%$ 30%$ 35%$ 40%$

Micro$(<10)$

Small$(10649)$

Medium$(50699)$

Large$(100+)$

Past%Layoffs:%Results%by%Company%Size%Percentage$of$employers$that$laid$off$employees$in$the$

three$months$prior$to$survey%2016$ 2015$

9%#10%#

16%#20%#

25%#30%#

34%#36%#

39%#41%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%#

Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Other#Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#TransportaJon#&#Warehousing#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#Manufacturing#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#ConstrucJon#

Professional,#ScienJfic#&#Tech.#

Past%Layoffs:%Results%by%Industry%Percentage#of#employers#that#laid#off#employees#in#the#

three#months#prior#to#survey%2016# 2015#


25 Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employees.

49 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employers further specified that 88 per cent of the total layoffs (1,590 of 1,799 layoffs) were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn. Over 90 per cent of the layoffs in the transportation and warehousing (91 per cent), construction (92 per cent), manufacturing (93 per cent) and mining and oil and gas (99 per cent) industries were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn, compared to only 15 per cent of the layoffs in the health care and social assistance industry.

Industry Total Layoffs

Construction 1,040 Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 163 Manufacturing 194 Mining & Oil & Gas 1,937 Transportation & Warehousing 98 Wholesale & Retail Trade 90 Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 22 Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 29 Other 24 Health Care & Social Assistance 64 Total 3,661 Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employment.

Number of layoffs in the three months prior to survey2015

Layoff Rate

Total Layoffs

9.3% 3782.3% 3042.8% 190

11.7% 5100.8% 1820.5% 970.3% 510.4% 200.1% 410.1% 262.3% 1,799

Number of layoffs in the three months prior to survey2015 2016

Layoff Rate

4.7%4.5%3.6%3.5%1.6%1.0%0.8%0.3%0.1%0.1%1.3%

Number of layoffs in the three months prior to survey2016

Industry Layoffs Due to Economy

Total Layoffs

% Layoffs Due to Economy

Mining & Oil & Gas 504 510 99%Manufacturing 177 190 93%Construction 349 378 92%Transportation & Warehousing 166 182 91%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 253 304 83%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 16 20 80%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 39 51 76%Wholesale & Retail Trade 62 97 64%Other 20 41 49%Health Care & Social Assistance 4 26 15%Total 1,590 1,799 88%Note: 208 employers reported laying off employees in the three months prior to their survey.

Number of layoffs that were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn


50 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Thirty per cent of the employers had vacant positions that needed to be filled at the time of their survey. More large-sized employers and more employers in the ‘other’, accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and health care and social assistance industries reported they had vacant positions that needed to be filled.Thirty per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 had vacant positions that needed to be filled at the time of their survey, down from 42 per cent in 2015 and the lowest level recorded to date. In 2016, the employers reporting vacancies had approximately 1,684 positions that needed to be filled, down from 2,844 vacancies reported by employers in 2015. Fifty-three per cent of the large-sized employers had vacant positions that needed to be filled, compared to 11 per cent of the micro-sized employers. Results also varied by industry with 40 per cent or more of the ‘other’, accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and health care and social assistance employers reporting they had vacant positions, compared to only 18 per cent of the construction employers and 15 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers.

In 2016, vacancy rates ranged from a high of 2.2 per cent in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry to a low of 0.5 per cent in the transportation and warehousing and construction industries.

55%#

33%#

42%#

51%# 49%#52%#

55%#

42%#

30%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

30%#

40%#

50%#

60%#

2008# 2009# 2010# 2011# 2012# 2013# 2014# 2015# 2016#

Vacant&Posi+ons:&Overall&Results&Percentage#of#employers#with#vacant#posi?ons#that#

needed#to#be#filled#&

15%$18%$

23%$24%$

30%$31%$34%$

40%$43%$45%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Construc;on$

Manufacturing$Transporta;on$&$Warehousing$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Professional,$Scien;fic$&$Tech.$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Other$

Vacant&Posi+ons:&Results&by&Industry&Percentage$of$employers$with$vacant$posi;ons$that$

needed$to$be$filled$&2016$ 2015$

11%#

22%#

34%#

53%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%# 60%# 70%# 80%#

Micro#(<10)#

Small#(10849)#

Medium#(50899)#

Large#(100+)#

Vacant&Posi+ons:&Results&by&Company&Size&Percentage#of#employers#with#vacant#posiJons#that#

needed#to#be#filled#&2016# 2015#


51 EMPLOYER SURVEY

The top five vacant positions in 2016 were university professors (220 positions), registered nurses (117 positions), heavy equipment operators (103 positions), program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness (67 positions) and administrative officers (65 positions). Additional details on vacant positions can be found in Appendix C.

Top Vacant Positions in 2016

Industry # of Vacant Positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 437Other 707Wholesale & Retail Trade 275Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 108Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 140Health Care & Social Assistance 577Mining & Oil & Gas 88Manufacturing 73Transportation & Warehousing 218Construction 221Total 2,844 Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

2015Number of Vacant Positions and Vacancy Rates

Vacancy Rate

# of Vacant Positions

5.5% 1482.6% 5601.6% 1231.5% 811.7% 661.2% 4410.5% 1231.0% 441.8% 611.9% 371.7% 1,684

Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

2015 2016Number of Vacant Positions and Vacancy Rates

Vacancy Rate

2.2%2.0%1.3%1.2%1.0%1.0%0.8%0.8%0.5%0.5%1.2%

2016Number of Vacant Positions and Vacancy Rates

NOC Code Occupation Vacant Positions

4011 University professors 2203012 Registered nurses 1177521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 1035254 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness 671221 Administrative officers 654212 Community and social service workers 506541 Other protective service occupations 486731 Light duty cleaners 474412 Home support workers, housekeepers and related occupations 453413 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates 347511 Truck drivers 346733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 314214 Early childhood educators and assistants 301241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 291411 General office support workers 294021 College and other vocational instructors 296513 Food and beverage servers 273233 Licensed practical nurses 246322 Cooks 191114 Other financial officers 186711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 18711 Construction managers 17

6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 16124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 15

Only occupations with 15 or more vacancies are shown.


52 EMPLOYER SURVEY

On balance, 3 per cent of the employers anticipated employment in their company would increase in the three months following their survey. Results were most positive among medium-sized employers and employers in the health care and social assistance and transportation and warehousing industries.Once any vacant positions were filled, 13 per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 anticipated employment would increase in the three months following their survey while 10 per cent anticipated employment would decrease, for a positive balance of 3 per cent.26 This is the most pessimistic result to date, down slightly from the 2015 results when 7 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated employment would increase. Results varied by company size and industry, but were most positive among medium-sized employers (9 per cent) and employers in the health care and social assistance industry (16 per cent) and transportation and warehousing industry (11 per cent). Fourteen per cent per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers and 9 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade employers on balance anticipated employment would decrease.

8%#

19%# 21%# 22%#19%#

24%#

7%#3%#

*20%#

*10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

30%#

2009# 2010# 2011# 2012# 2013# 2014# 2015# 2016#

Future&Employment:&Overall&Results&Do#you#an4cipate#employment#will#increase,#decrease##

or#stay#the#same#in#the#next#3#months?#Increase# Decrease# Balance#

3%#

$3%#

9%#

2%#

$5%# 0%# 5%# 10%# 15%#

Micro#(<10)#

Small#(10$49)#

Medium#(50$99)#

Large#(100+)#

Results'by'Company'Size:'Balance'of'Opinion#Do#you#an@cipate#employment#will#increase,#decrease#or#

stay#the#same#in#the#next#3#months?#2016# 2015#

!14%%!9%%

!1%%0%%1%%

4%%9%%9%%

11%%16%%

!20%%!15%%!10%% !5%% 0%% 5%% 10%% 15%% 20%%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%

Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%Manufacturing%ConstrucHon%

Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%Professional,%ScienHfic%&%Tech.%

Other%TransportaHon%&%Warehousing%Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Results'by'Industry:'Balance'of'Opinion'Do%you%anHcipate%employment%will%increase,%decrease%or%

stay%the%same%in%the%next%3%months?%2016% 2015%


26 Percentage of employers that anticipated employment in their company would increase in the next three months minus the percentage of employers that anticipated employment would decrease.

53 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Recruitment MethodsCareer and classified websites and word of mouth/employee referrals were the most successful recruitment methods for employers surveyed in 2016.Organizations use a variety of methods to recruit workers. Employers were asked to specify the recruitment method that was the most successful in the year prior to their survey. Career and classified websites was the most successful, reported by 25 per cent of the employers, followed by word of mouth/employe referrals (18 per cent) and company website/internal postings (10 per cent). Twenty-four per cent of the employers were not able to answer the question as they did not hire in the previous year.

Recruiting DifficultiesNineteen per cent the employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees. More large-sized employers and more employers in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industries had difficulty recruiting qualified employees.Overall, 19 per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 said they had difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months prior to their survey, half as many as the previous year and the lowest result to date. Results varied by company size and industry, with more large (26 per cent) and medium-sized employers (23 per cent) and more employers in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment (31 per cent), wholesale and retail trade (24 per cent), and professional, scientific and technical services industries (23 per cent) having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.

24%$2%$

1%$1%$1%$1%$1%$1%$3%$3%$4%$4%$

10%$18%$

25%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$

Did$not$hire$in$the$last$12$months$Unsure$None$Other$

Job$fairs$Rehires$

Newspapers$PostBsecondary$insEtuEons$

Industry$associaEons$WalkBins/unsolicited$resumes$

Social$media$Employment$agencies$

Company$website/internal$posEngs$Word$of$mouth/employee$referrals$

Career$and$classified$websites$

Most%successful%recruitment%method%over%the%last%12%months%

32%$35%$

29%$

44%$ 44%$ 44%$47%$

38%$

19%$

0%$

10%$

20%$

30%$

40%$

50%$

2008$ 2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Difficulty)Recrui-ng:)Overall)Results)Percentage$of$employers$that$had$difficulty$recruiAng$qualified$employees$in$the$12$months$prior$to$survey$


54 EMPLOYER SURVEY

The 155 employers (19 per cent) that reported having difficulty recruiting were also asked to specify the occupations that were the most difficult to fill. The top occupations were light duty cleaners, truck drivers, technical sales specialists - wholesale trade and cooks (5 per cent each).

Employers responded to the difficulty finding qualified employees in a variety of ways. Of the 155 employers that reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees, 81 per cent increased recruiting efforts, 60 per cent did not fill the job opening, 34 per cent increased the workload for current workers and 33 per cent increased investment in training provided by in-house staff.

11%#

17%#

23%#

26%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%#

Micro#(<10)#

Small#(10749)#

Medium#(50799)#

Large#(100+)#

Difficulty)Recrui-ng:)Results)by)Company)Size)Percentage#of#employers#that#had#difficulty#recruiHng#qualified#employees#in#the#12#months#prior#to#survey)

2016# 2015#

4%#14%#16%#19%#20%#21%#21%#23%#24%#

31%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%# 60%# 70%#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Construc<on#

Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#Manufacturing#

Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Other#

Transporta<on#&#Warehousing#Professional,#Scien<fic#&#Tech.#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Difficulty)Recrui-ng:)Results)by)Industry))Percentage#of#employers#that#had#difficulty#recrui<ng#qualified#employees#in#the#12#months#prior#to#survey)

2016# 2015#


6731 Light duty cleaners 5%7511 Truck drivers 5%6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 5%6322 Cooks 5%711 Construction managers 3%1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 3%2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 3%6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 3%124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 3%

1224 Property administrators 3%6525 Hotel front desk clerks 3%621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 2%632 Accommodation service managers 2%

4212 Community and social service workers 2%4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 2%6513 Food and beverage servers 2%

Note: 155 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees. Some employersdid not specify occupations. Only occupations with a response of 2% or more are shown.

What occupations have been the most difficult to fill?


55 EMPLOYER SURVEY

On balance, 15 per cent of the employers anticipated having less difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey. More large-sized employers anticipated having less difficulty recruiting.Three per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 anticipated having more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey and 18 per cent anticipated having less difficulty, for a balance of -15 per cent.27 In 2015, 22 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated they would have less difficulty recruiting qualified employees. Twenty-seven per cent of the large-sized employers anticipated they would have less difficulty recruiting, compared to 7 per cent of the micro-sized employers. In addition, 23 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade and ‘other’ employers anticipated having less difficulty, while 3 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers on balance anticipated having more difficulty.

Response to hiring difficulties Employers %

Increased recruiting efforts 81%Did not fill the job opening 60%Increased workload for current workers 34%Increased investment in training provided by in-house staff 33%Hired contingent workers, including temps, contractors and freelancers 29%Hired a less qualified applicant 27%Targeted underutilized or new talent pools* 21%Redeployed employees to new roles where their skills were more needed 18%Applied for/hired temporary foreign workers 15%Redesigned the job to change the required skills 15%Outsourced the work 12%Increased investment in training provided by a third-party 11%Partnered with educational institutions to ensure programs develop candidates with the right skills 10%Increased networking opportunities 8%Started actively hiring out of province/country 6%Implemented employee referral program 5%Applied for a Canada-Alberta Job Grant 4%Increased wages/benefits to attract more applicants 4%Contacted past applicants/employees 2%Contacted employees of other companies 1%Started recruiting in other industry sectors 1%Partnered with other organizations, such as non-profits 1%Started offering increased flexibility 1%Nothing 5%Note: 155 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.* Mature workers, stay at home parents, persons with disabilities, Aboriginal peoples, etc.

How has your company responded to the difficulty recruiting qualified employees?

!7%$

!28%$

!3%$

11%$ 14%$9%$ 12%$

!22%$!15%$

!40%$

!30%$

!20%$

!10%$

0%$

10%$

20%$

2008$ 2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Future&Difficulty&Recrui.ng:&Overall&Results&Do$you$an4cipate$having$more,$less$or$the$same$difficulty$recrui4ng$qualified$employees$in$the$next$12$months?$

More$ Less$ Balance$


27 Percentage of employers that anticipate having more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate having less difficulty.

56 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employee TurnoverFifty-nine per cent of the employers reported employees had voluntarily left their company in the prior year. More large-sized employers, as well as more employers in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment and wholesale and retail trade industries reported employees had voluntarily left their companies.Overall, 59 per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 reported employees had left their company in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover,28 down from 66 per cent in 2015 and the lowest result to date. Results varied by company size and industry with more large (85 per cent) and medium-sized employers (71 per cent) reporting voluntary turnover. In addition, 69 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers and 68 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade employers had voluntary employee turnover.

!7%$

!9%$

!16%$

!27%$

!35%$ !30%$ !25%$ !20%$ !15%$ !10%$ !5%$ 0%$

Micro$(<10)$

Small$(10!49)$

Medium$(50!99)$

Large$(100+)$

Future&Difficulty&Recrui.ng:&Results&by&Company&Size&Do$you$anBcipate$having$more,$less$or$the$same$difficulty$recruiBng$qualified$employees$in$the$next$12$months?$

2016$ 2015$

!23%%

!23%%

!20%%

!18%%

!15%%

!15%%

!14%%

!12%%

!10%%

3%%

!40%% !30%% !20%% !10%% 0%% 10%%

Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%

Other%

Construc>on%

Manufacturing%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%

Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%

Professional,%Scien>fic%&%Tech.%

Transporta>on%&%Warehousing%

Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%

Future&Difficulty&Recrui.ng:&Results&by&Industry%Do%you%an>cipate%having%more,%less%or%the%same%difficulty%

recrui>ng%qualified%employees%in%the%next%12%months?%

2016% 2015%

83%$

64%$ 66%$ 65%$60%$ 61%$

68%$ 66%$59%$

0%$10%$20%$30%$40%$50%$60%$70%$80%$90%$

2008$ 2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Employee(Turnover:(Overall(Results(Percentage$of$employers$with$voluntary$turnover$in$the$

12$months$prior$to$survey$


28 Initiated by the employee, not including retirement or maternity leave.

57 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, the turnover rate was 4 per cent for employers surveyed in 2016. Micro-sized employers and employers in the wholesale and retail trade and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industries had the highest turnover rates on average.Employers reported approximately 5,020 employees left their companies in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover. This equates to a turnover rate29 of 4 per cent, down from 7 per cent in 2015. At 10 per cent, the micro-sized employers had the highest turnover rate on average in 2016. Among industries, the wholesale and retail trade and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industries had the highest turnover rates, at 13 per cent and 10 per cent respectively. The health care and social assistance industry had the lowest turnover rate on average in 2016 at 1 per cent, down from 3 per cent in 2015.

30%$

53%$

71%$

85%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$ 70%$ 80%$ 90%$ 100%$

Micro$(<10)$

Small$(10949)$

Medium$(50999)$

Large$(100+)$

Employee(Turnover:(Results(by(Company(Size(Percentage$of$employers$with$voluntary$turnover$in$the$

12$months$prior$to$survey$2016$ 2015$

51%$56%$56%$58%$59%$59%$59%$60%$

68%$69%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$ 70%$ 80%$

Manufacturing$Other$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$TransportaGon$&$Warehousing$

ConstrucGon$Professional,$ScienGfic$&$Tech.$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Employee(Turnover:(Results(Industry(Percentage$of$employers$with$voluntary$turnover$in$the$

12$months$prior$to$survey(2016$ 2015$

21%$

5%$ 5%$

8%$ 9%$

12%$10%$

7%$

4%$

0%$

5%$

10%$

15%$

20%$

25%$

2008$ 2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Employee(Turnover(Rates:(Overall(Results(Turnover$rates$of$employers$in$the$12$months$

prior$to$survey$


29 Total turnover divided by total employees.

58 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employers were also asked to specify the occupations that experienced the most voluntary turnover. Retail salespersons, truck drivers and construction trades helpers and labourers (5 per cent each) and food and beverage servers (4 per cent) were the top occupations mentioned by employers.

10%$

7%$

6%$

3%$

0%$ 3%$ 6%$ 9%$ 12%$ 15%$

Micro$(<10)$

Small$(10749)$

Medium$(50799)$

Large$(100+)$

Employee(Turnover(Rates:(Results(by((Company(Size(Turnover$rates$of$employers$in$the$12$months$

prior$to$survey(2016$ 2015$

1%#3%#3%#3%#3%#3%#4%#5%#

10%#13%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%# 30%#

Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#

Professional,#Scien@fic#&#Tech.#Transporta@on#&#Warehousing#

Construc@on#Other#

Manufacturing#Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#

Employee(Turnover(Rates:(Results(by(Industry(Turnover#rates#of#employers#in#the#12#months#

prior#to#survey(2016# 2015#


6421 Retail salespersons 5%7511 Truck drivers 5%7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 5%6513 Food and beverage servers 4%6731 Light duty cleaners 3%4212 Community and social service workers 3%1111 Financial auditors and accountants 3%1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 3%6235 Loan officers 2%2131 Civil engineers 2%3413 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates 2%6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 2%6411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 2%6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 2%8412 Oil and gas well drilling workers and services operators 2%

Only occupations with a response of 2 per cent or more are shown in the table.

Note: 478 employers reported employees had left their company in the previous 12 months as a result of voluntary turnover. Some employers did not specify which occupations.

What occupations have experienced the most voluntary turnover?


59 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Eleven per cent of the employers on balance anticipated voluntary turnover would be lower in the 12 months following their survey.Four per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher in the 12 months following their survey and 15 per cent anticipated it would be lower, for a balance of -11 per cent.30 In 2015, 15 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated turnover would lower in the year following their survey. Thirteen per cent of the small-sized employers on balance anticipated turnover would be lower in the next year, compared to 8 per cent of the micro-sized employers. Fifteen per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and transportation and warehousing employers anticipated employee turnover would be lower, compared to 5 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers.

!4%$

!23%$

!9%$!4%$

!7%$ !8%$ !6%$

!15%$!11%$

!30%$

!20%$

!10%$

0%$

10%$

2008$ 2009$ 2010$ 2011$ 2012$ 2013$ 2014$ 2015$ 2016$

Future&Turnover:&Overall&Results&Do$you$an4cipate$employee$turnover$will$be$higher,$

lower$or$the$same$in$the$next$12$months?$Higher$ Lower$ Balance$

!8%$

!13%$

!11%$

!12%$

!25%$ !20%$ !15%$ !10%$ !5%$ 0%$

Micro$(<10)$

Small$(10!49)$

Medium$(50!99)$

Large$(100+)$

Future&Turnover:&Results&by&Company&Size&Do$you$anAcipate$employee$turnover$will$be$higher,$

lower$or$the$same$in$the$next$12$months?&2016$ 2015$

!15%%!15%%!14%%

!12%%!11%%!11%%!11%%

!7%%!6%%!5%%

!25%% !20%% !15%% !10%% !5%% 0%%

Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%Transporta@on%&%Warehousing%

Construc@on%Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%

Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%Other%

Manufacturing%Professional,%Scien@fic%&%Tech.%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%

Future&Turnover:&Results&by&Industry&Do%you%an@cipate%employee%turnover%will%be%higher,%

lower%or%the%same%in%the%next%12%months?&2016% 2015%


30 Percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be lower.

60 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employee RetentionThe top successful employee retention strategy was providing a job in this economy.Employers were asked to indicate an employee retention strategy that was the most successful in the 12 months prior to their survey. The top successful strategies were providing a job in this economy (22 per cent), excellent management/supervision (9 per cent), a positive work environment (9 per cent) and a competitive salary (9 per cent). Eight per cent of the employers said nothing was successful in retaining employees and 6 per cent were unsure.

Fourteen per cent of the employers on balance anticipated they would be focusing more on employee retention in the following year. More large-sized employers and more employers in the health care and social assistance industry anticipated they would be focusing more on employee retention.Seventeen per cent of the employers surveyed in 2016 anticipated they would be focusing more on employee retention in the year following their survey, 3 per cent anticipated they would be focusing less and 80 per cent anticipated they would be focusing about the same, for a positive balance of 14 per cent.31 This is down slightly from the 2015 results when 19 per cent of the employers said they would be focusing more on employee retention. Twenty-one per cent of the large-sized employers and 18 per cent of the medium-sized employers anticipated they would be focusing more, compared to only 2 per cent of the micro-sized employers. Among industries, 28 per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 25 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipated they would be focusing more, compared to 2 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers that anticipated they would be focusing less on employee retention.

8%#6%#

5%#2%#2%#2%#2%#3%#3%#3%#

5%#5%#5%#

9%#9%#9%#

22%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%#

Nothing#Unsure#Other#

Excellent#coworkers#Excellent#communica@on#

Perks#Employee#engagement#

Cash#bonuses#Company#culture#

Learning/growth#opportuni@es#Flexible#work#measures#

Compe@@ve#benefits#package#Interes@ng/challenging#work#

Compe@@ve#salary#Posi@ve#work#environment#

Excellent#management/supervision#Providing#a#job#in#this#economy#

Most%Successful%Employee%Reten2on%Strategy%

9%#

18%#24%#

27%# 28%#31%# 33%#

19%#14%#

*10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

30%#

40%#

2008# 2009# 2010# 2011# 2012# 2013# 2014# 2015# 2016#

Future&Reten)on:&Overall&Results&Do#you#an4cipate#focusing#more,#less#or#the#same#on#

employee#reten4on#in#the#next#12#months?&Higher# Lower# Balance#


31 Percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing less.

61 EMPLOYER SURVEY

2%#

13%#

18%#

21%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%# 30%# 35%#

Micro#(<10)#

Small#(10549)#

Medium#(50599)#

Large#(100+)#

Future&Reten)on:&Balance&of&Opinion&Do#you#anAcipate#focusing#more,#less#or#the#same#on#

employee#retenAon#in#the#next#12#months?&2016# 2015#

!2%$6%$

10%$10%$10%$

15%$15%$16%$

25%$28%$

!5%$ 0%$ 5%$ 10%$ 15%$ 20%$ 25%$ 30%$ 35%$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Manufacturing$

Professional,$Scien?fic$&$Tech.$Construc?on$

Transporta?on$&$Warehousing$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Other$Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$

Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Future&Reten)on:&Balance&of&Opinion&Do$you$an?cipate$focusing$more,$less$or$the$same$on$

employee$reten?on$in$the$next$12$months?&2016$ 2015$


62 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Appendix A: Survey Methodology

The Q4 2016 Calgary and Area Employer Survey is based on responses to a telephone questionnaire conducted in October, November and December 2016 of Calgary and area employers with <10 employees (micro-sized employers). Following are the number of respondents from each industry sector.

The Q3 2016 Calgary and Area Employer Survey is based on responses to a telephone questionnaire conducted in July, August and September 2016 of Calgary and area employers with 10 - 49 employees (small-sized employers). Following are the number of respondents from each industry sector.

Industry Number of Respondents

Mining & Oil & Gas 21Construction 20Manufacturing 20Wholesale & Retail Trade 20Transportation & Warehousing 20Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 20Health Care & Social Assistance 20Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 20Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 20Other 20Total 201




APPENDIX ASurvey Methodology

63

The Q2 2016 Calgary and Area Employer Survey is based on responses to a telephone questionnaire conducted in April, May and June 2016 of Calgary and area employers with 50 - 99 employees (medium-sized employers). Following are the number of respondents from each industry sector.



The Q1 2016 Calgary and Area Employer Survey is based on responses to a telephone questionnaire conducted in January, February and March 2016 of Calgary and area employers with 100+ employees (large-sized employers). Following are the number of respondents from each industry sector.



The ‘Other’ industry category includes a variety of employers from the remainder of the industry categories: Agriculture, Utilities, Information & Culture, Management of Companies, Administrative & Support Services, Educational Services, Other Services and Public Administration.

It should be noted that the method of sample selection provides a good cross-section of opinion. Nevertheless, given the size of the sample, the statistical reliability of the survey is limited, particularly when the data is reported by industry. The value of this survey, however, goes beyond the data captured by the questionnaire. The telephone interview allows companies to expand on their responses, which provides invaluable information and comments that cannot be measured quantitatively.


64 APPENDIX A

Appendix B: Employer Survey - Q4 2016 Occupation Results

Ten per cent of the employers laid off approximately 65 workers in the three months prior to their survey.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Number of Layoffs

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & EntertainmentSubtotal 0

Construction 7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 37271 Carpenters 27291 Roofers and shinglers 27251 Plumbers 1

Subtotal 8Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1224 Property administrators 4

1221 Administrative officers 1Subtotal 5

Health Care & Social AssistanceSubtotal 0

Manufacturing 9537 Other products machine operators 47237 Welders and related machine operators 25243 Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers 1

Not specified 20Subtotal 27

Mining & Oil & Gas 7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 1Subtotal 1

Other 1122 Professional occupations in business services to management 31223 Personnel and recruitment officers 31113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 1

Subtotal 7Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 2

711 Construction managers 1Subtotal 3

Transportation & Warehousing 1521 Shippers and receivers 27513 Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs 1

Subtotal 3Wholesale & Retail Trade 6421 Retail salespersons 9

7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 2Subtotal 11

Grand Total 65Note: Some employers did not specify which occupations.


APPENDIX BQ4 2016 Employer Survey Occupation Results

65

Eleven per cent of the employers had a total of 32 vacant positions that needed to be filled.

NOC Code Occupation Vacant Positions

6731 Light duty cleaners 37291 Roofers and shinglers 32271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 26232 Real estate agents and salespersons 26525 Hotel front desk clerks 2124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1711 Construction managers 1811 Primary production managers (except agriculture) 11113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 11122 Professional occupations in business services to management 11223 Personnel and recruitment officers 12151 Architects 12173 Software engineers and designers 13223 Dental technologists, technicians and laboratory bench workers 13236 Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment 14163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 14212 Community and social service workers 15241 Graphic designers and illustrators 16231 Insurance agents and brokers 16421 Retail salespersons 16552 Customer service, information and related clerks 16711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 16722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 17271 Carpenters 18612 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers 1Total 32


66 APPENDIX B

Employers anticipate employment in their company will increase by a net 31 positions over the next three months.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Net Change in Employment

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 5252 Coaches 306722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport -36733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents -3

Subtotal 24Construction 7291 Roofers 3

7271 Carpenters -3Subtotal 0

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1221 Administrative officers 16232 Real estate agents and salespersons 16231 Insurance agents and brokers -2

Subtotal 0Health Care & Social Assistance

Subtotal 0Manufacturing 911 Manufacturing managers -1

1111 Financial auditors and accountants -1Subtotal -2

Mining & Oil & Gas 8615 Oil and gas drilling, servicing and related labourers 1Subtotal 1

Other 1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 22173 Software engineers and designers 1

Subtotal 3Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2251 Architectural technologists and technicians 2

1314 Assessors, valuators and appraisers 12151 Architects 1

Subtotal 4Transportation & Warehousing 2271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 3Subtotal 3Wholesale & Retail Trade 1522 Storekeepers and parts clerks 1

7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers -16421 Retail salespersons -2

Subtotal -2Grand Total 31


67 APPENDIX B

Overall, 15 of the 68 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely hire an estimated 25 people as a direct result of diversification planning.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Future Positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 5135 Actors and comedians 56731 Light duty cleaners 2124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1

6525 Hotel front desk clerks 1Subtotal 9

Construction 711 Construction managers 12131 Civil engineers 1

Subtotal 2Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 6232 Real estate agents and salespersons 3

1221 Administrative officers 11224 Property administrators 1

Subtotal 5Health Care & Social Assistance

Subtotal 0Manufacturing 9617 Labourers in food, beverage and tobacco processing 2

9619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 1Subtotal 3

Mining & Oil & GasSubtotal 0

Other 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 1Subtotal 1

Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2151 Architects 1Subtotal 1

Transportation & Warehousing 2271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 27511 Truck drivers 1

Subtotal 3Wholesale & Retail Trade 6421 Retail salespersons 1

Subtotal 1Grand Total 25


68 APPENDIX B

Appendix C: Employer Survey - Annual 2016 Occupation Results

Twenty-six per cent of the employers laid off approximately 1,799 workers in the three months prior to their survey.


Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 6513 Food and beverage servers 12 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 3 6322 Cooks 2 6731 Light duty cleaners 2 6525 Hotel front desk clerks 1

Subtotal 20 Construction 7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 66

7241 Electricians (except industrial and power system) 28 7205 Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers 26 7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 12 7204 Contractors and supervisors, carpentry trades 10 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 10 2251 Architectural technologists and technicians 7 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 5 2131 Civil engineers 3 2234 Construction estimators 3 6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 3 7251 Plumbers 3 7271 Carpenters 2 7291 Roofers and shinglers 2

711 Construction managers 1 2253 Drafting technologists and technicians 1 6235 Loan officers 1 6314 Customer and information services supervisors 1 6552 Customer service, information and related clerks 1 7313 Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics 1 9619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 1

Not specified 191 Subtotal 378

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1224 Property administrators 9 6551 Customer service representatives - financial services 9 6552 Customer service, information and related clerks 5 7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 5 2174 Computer programmers and interactive media developers 4 6231 Insurance agents and brokers 4 1112 Financial and investment analysts 3 1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 2 1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 2 1242 Legal secretaries 2 1215 Supervisors, recording, distributing and scheduling occupations 1 1221 Administrative officers 1 1225 Purchasing agents and officers 1 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 1 1311 Bookkeepers 1


Health Care & Social Assistance 4212 Community and social service workers 14 1411 General office support workers 3 6552 Customer service, information and related clerks 2 1251 Court recorders and medical transcriptionists 1 3233 Licensed practical nurses 1 4152 Social workers 1 4153 Family, marriage and other related counsellors 1



APPENDIX CAnnual 2016 Employer Survey Occupation Results

69


Manufacturing 9421 Chemical plant machine operators 35 7237 Welders and related machine operators 21 9222 Supervisors, electronics manufacturing 16 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 10 2141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 8 1521 Shippers and receivers 7 2233 Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians 7 9619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 7 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 5 7322 Motor vehicle body repairers 5 7381 Printing press operators 5 7231 Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors 4 9526 Mechanical assemblers and inspectors 4 9537 Other products machine operators 4 1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 3 2241 Electrical and electronics engineering technologists and technicians 3 9532 Furniture and fixture assemblers and inspectors 3 2132 Mechanical engineers 2 2253 Drafting technologists and technicians 2 7233 Sheet metal workers 2 1111 Financial auditors and accountants 1 2232 Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians 1 5243 Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers 1 7313 Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics 1 9217 Supervisors, textile processing 1 9522 Motor vehicle assemblers, inspectors and testers 1 9614 Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing 1


Mining & Oil & Gas 8412 Oil and gas well drilling workers and services operators 146 8232 Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers 102 2131 Civil engineers 27 1211 Supervisors, general office and administrative support clerks 20 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 8 1225 Purchasing agents and officers 6 1411 General office support workers 6 2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 6 4161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers 6 2145 Petroleum engineers 5 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 5 9232 Petroleum, gas and chemical process operators 5 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 4 1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 4 2281 Computer network technicians 3 6411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 3

16 Senior managers - goods production, utilities, transportation and construction 2 211 Engineering managers 2

1111 Financial auditors and accountants 2 2113 Geologists, geochemists and geophysicists 2 1112 Financial and investment analysts 1 1221 Administrative officers 1 5122 Editors 1 5241 Graphic designers and illustrators 1 7237 Welders and related machine operators 1 7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 1


Other 4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 12 421 Administrators - post-secondary education and vocational training 10

1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 4 1122 Professional occupations in business services to management 3 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 3 124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1 714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1

1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 1 1221 Administrative officers 1 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 1 4215 Instructors and teachers of persons with disabilities 1 6421 Retail salespersons 1 6741 Dry cleaning and laundry occupations 1



70 APPENDIX C


Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 73 2133 Electrical and electronics engineers 55 2154 Land surveyors 44 2131 Civil engineers 36 1111 Financial auditors and accountants 12 2113 Geologists, geochemists and geophysicists 12 2255 Meteorological technicians 10 2231 Civil engineering technologists and technicians 9 2261 Non-destructive testers and inspectors 8 2253 Drafting technologists and technicians 6 1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 5 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 4 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 4 1122 Professional occupations in business services to management 3 1221 Administrative officers 3 2141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 3 2254 Land survey technologists and technicians 3 2251 Architectural technologists and technicians 2 2263 Inspectors in public and environmental health and occupational health and safety 2 4212 Community and social service workers 2

16 Senior managers - goods production, utilities, transportation and construction 1 621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 1 711 Construction managers 1

1112 Financial and investment analysts 1 2112 Chemists 1 4211 Paralegal and related occupations 1 6222 Retail and wholesale buyers 1


Transportation & Warehousing 7511 Truck drivers 132 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 14 7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 8 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 5 1521 Shippers and receivers 4 1221 Administrative officers 3 7362 Railway conductors and brakemen/women 3 1112 Financial and investment analysts 2 2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 2 7231 Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors 2 7312 Heavy-duty equipment mechanics 2 731 Managers in transportation 1

1411 General office support workers 1 7314 Railway carmen/women 1 7315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 1 7513 Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs 1

Subtotal 182 Wholesale & Retail Trade 6421 Retail salespersons 28

1522 Storekeepers and parts clerks 19 6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 10 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 8 9617 Labourers in food, beverage and tobacco processing 4 1521 Shippers and receivers 3 1524 Purchasing and inventory clerks 3 6411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 3 7312 Heavy-duty equipment mechanics 3 7321 Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers 3 7322 Motor vehicle body repairers 3 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 2 7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 2 1411 General office support workers 1 1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 1 2234 Construction estimators 1 5121 Authors and writers 1 7445 Other repairers and servicers 1 9526 Mechanical assemblers and inspectors 1

Subtotal 97 Grand Total 1,799 Note: Some employers did not specify which occupations.


71 APPENDIX C

Thirty per cent of the employers had a total of 1,684 vacant positions that needed to be filled.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Vacant Positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 6731 Light duty cleaners 286513 Food and beverage servers 275254 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness 186322 Cooks 146711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 116525 Hotel front desk clerks 106533 Casino occupations 76541 Other protective service occupations 6631 Restaurant and food service managers 4

4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 36722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 3632 Accommodation service managers 2

4167 Recreation, sports and fitness policy researchers, consultants and program officers 28612 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers 2714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 2

6321 Chefs 26315 Cleaning supervisors 1

112 Human resources managers 16552 Customer service, information and related clerks 1124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1

6733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 1513 Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors 1

6721 Other attendants in accommodation and travel 1Subtotal 148

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1114 Other financial officers 126235 Loan officers 10

111 Financial managers 76231 Insurance agents and brokers 46232 Real estate agents and salespersons 3121 Insurance, real estate and financial brokerage managers 3122 Banking, credit and other investment managers 3

1221 Administrative officers 21123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 2731 Managers in transportation 2

1112 Financial and investment analysts 26411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 16731 Light duty cleaners 11311 Bookkeepers 1124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1

2172 Database analysts and data administrators 11111 Financial auditors and accountants 11223 Personnel and recruitment officers 17514 Delivery and courier service drivers 11523 Production clerks 1601 Corporate sales managers 1

6551 Customer service representatives - financial services 1213 Computer and information systems managers 1

1222 Executive assistants 11228 Immigration, employment insurance and revenue officers 14112 Lawyers and Quebec notaries 1

Subtotal 66


72 APPENDIX C


Health Care & Social Assistance 3012 Registered nurses 1164412 Home support workers, housekeepers and related occupations 454212 Community and social service workers 443413 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates 343233 Licensed practical nurses 241241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 216731 Light duty cleaners 163141 Audiologists and speech-language pathologists 83143 Occupational therapists 84153 Family, marriage and other related counsellors 73215 Medical radiation technologists 76721 Other attendants in accommodation and travel 76711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 64151 Psychologists 61411 General office support workers 64152 Social workers 54165 Health policy researchers, consultants and program officers 51211 Supervisors, general office and administrative support clerks 56322 Cooks 41221 Administrative officers 4

711 Construction managers 44214 Early childhood educators and assistants 41121 Specialists in human resources 44021 College and other vocational instructors 43219 Other medical technologists and technicians (except dental health) 44163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 33142 Physiotherapists 32263 Inspectors in public and environmental health and occupational health and safety 3

311 Managers in health care 3412 Government managers - economic analysis, policy development and program administration 2

1122 Professional occupations in business services to management 2714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 2

3214 Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists 24216 Other instructors 23211 Medical laboratory technologists and pathologists' assistants 21123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 16552 Customer service, information and related clerks 1124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1

1431 Accounting and related clerks 12281 Computer network technicians 13216 Medical sonographers 11415 Personnel clerks 16733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 17241 Electricians (except industrial and power system) 13124 Allied primary health practitioners 12111 Physicists and astronomers 13414 Other assisting occupations in support of health services 13132 Dietitians and nutritionists 13236 Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment 11222 Executive assistants 13144 Other professional occupations in therapy and assessment 11228 Immigration, employment insurance and revenue officers 13234 Ambulance attendants and other paramedical occupations 13237 Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment 1

Subtotal 441


73 APPENDIX C


Manufacturing 6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 89619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 42141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 47272 Cabinetmakers 4124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 3

9617 Labourers in food, beverage and tobacco processing 39614 Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing 31241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 26332 Bakers 27237 Welders and related machine operators 25241 Graphic designers and illustrators 1

112 Human resources managers 1111 Financial managers 1601 Corporate sales managers 1

9612 Labourers in metal fabrication 1911 Manufacturing managers 1

7233 Sheet metal workers 17381 Printing press operators 13223 Dental technologists, technicians and laboratory bench workers 1

Subtotal 44Mining & Oil & Gas 7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 100

2145 Petroleum engineers 6211 Engineering managers 3

1114 Other financial officers 2112 Human resources managers 2

1111 Financial auditors and accountants 26411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 11241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 14163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 12171 Information systems analysts and consultants 12112 Chemists 1714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1

1112 Financial and investment analysts 18232 Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers 1

Subtotal 123


74 APPENDIX C


Other 4011 University professors 2201221 Administrative officers 575254 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness 496541 Other protective service occupations 416733 Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents 294021 College and other vocational instructors 244214 Early childhood educators and assistants 231411 General office support workers 218612 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers 9421 Administrators - post-secondary education and vocational training 9

4033 Educational counsellors 65252 Coaches 56532 Outdoor sport and recreational guides 5124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 4

8255 Landscaping and grounds maintenance contractors and managers 34212 Community and social service workers 32225 Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists 36731 Light duty cleaners 25241 Graphic designers and illustrators 21123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 21241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 27611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 21122 Professional occupations in business services to management 2714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 2

2282 User support technicians 21223 Personnel and recruitment officers 22173 Software engineers and designers 2513 Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors 2

5125 Translators, terminologists and interpreters 25111 Librarians 2511 Library, archive, museum and art gallery managers 2

5231 Announcers and other broadcasters 26711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 16322 Cooks 14163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 1

711 Construction managers 113 Senior managers - financial, communications and other business services 1

1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 11431 Accounting and related clerks 13012 Registered nurses 12132 Mechanical engineers 17512 Bus drivers, subway operators and other transit operators 12255 Meteorological technicians 11432 Payroll clerks 14166 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers 1601 Corporate sales managers 1

2263 Inspectors in public and environmental health and occupational health and safety 11112 Financial and investment analysts 12147 Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) 11253 Records management technicians 14031 Secondary school teachers 1

Subtotal 560


75 APPENDIX C


Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2171 Information systems analysts and consultants 91111 Financial auditors and accountants 72282 User support technicians 62173 Software engineers and designers 5124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 4211 Engineering managers 4

6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 34212 Community and social service workers 32133 Electrical and electronics engineers 3714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 3

1114 Other financial officers 21123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 22151 Architects 24156 Employment counsellors 21112 Financial and investment analysts 24161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers 26411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 11221 Administrative officers 1

112 Human resources managers 14163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 1

16 Senior managers - goods production, utilities, transportation and construction 1711 Construction managers 1

8412 Oil and gas well drilling workers and services operators 19243 Water and waste plant operators 11121 Specialists in human resources 12251 Architectural technologists and technicians 14166 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers 1601 Corporate sales managers 1

7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 11254 Mathematicians, statisticians and actuaries 17243 Power system electricians 1621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 1213 Computer and information systems managers 1

4021 College and other vocational instructors 1125 Other business services managers 1

5121 Authors and writers 15222 Film and video camera operators 15131 Producers, directors, choreographers and related occupations 1

Subtotal 81Transportation & Warehousing 7511 Truck drivers 33

7315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 47452 Material handlers 47514 Delivery and courier service drivers 37521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 22146 Aerospace engineers 22271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 21221 Administrative officers 16552 Customer service, information and related clerks 17622 Railway and motor transport labourers 11215 Supervisors, recording, distributing and scheduling occupations 17312 Heavy-duty equipment mechanics 11411 General office support workers 1714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1

2282 User support technicians 14161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers 17534 Air transport ramp attendants 16732 Specialized cleaners 1

Subtotal 61


76 APPENDIX C


Wholesale & Retail Trade 6421 Retail salespersons 13621 Retail and wholesale trade managers 13

6622 Grocery clerks and store shelf stockers 106551 Customer service representatives - financial services 106611 Cashiers 82173 Software engineers and designers 66221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 53414 Other assisting occupations in support of health services 51522 Storekeepers and parts clerks 57322 Motor vehicle body repairers 46411 Sales representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical) 31241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 36621 Service station attendants 31114 Other financial officers 21123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 26552 Customer service, information and related clerks 25243 Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers 27511 Truck drivers 1112 Human resources managers 1

4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 1124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 1

2281 Computer network technicians 11215 Supervisors, recording, distributing and scheduling occupations 12171 Information systems analysts and consultants 1

211 Engineering managers 11122 Professional occupations in business services to management 11411 General office support workers 16331 Butchers, meat cutters and fishmongers - retail and wholesale 16541 Other protective service occupations 12172 Database analysts and data administrators 11111 Financial auditors and accountants 12282 User support technicians 16235 Loan officers 17514 Delivery and courier service drivers 14166 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers 1601 Corporate sales managers 1731 Managers in transportation 1

6321 Chefs 11112 Financial and investment analysts 11524 Purchasing and inventory clerks 16211 Retail sales supervisors 12147 Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers) 16521 Travel counsellors 17381 Printing press operators 1

Subtotal 123Construction 711 Construction managers 11

7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 67291 Roofers and shinglers 37611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 37205 Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers 26552 Customer service, information and related clerks 12131 Civil engineers 17282 Concrete finishers 12234 Construction estimators 17271 Carpenters 12174 Computer programmers and interactive media developers 17241 Electricians (except industrial and power system) 1714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1

1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 17243 Power system electricians 12152 Landscape architects 1

811 Primary production managers (except agriculture) 1Subtotal 37

Grand Total 1684


77 APPENDIX C

calgary and area labour market report 2016 - quarterly ... · calgary and area labour market - 2016...

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