calgary and area labour market report 2016 - …...calgary and area labour market - 2016 q3 report 2...

2016>Q3

This Calgary and Area Labour Market Report is produced four times a year and provides results on labour market needs, shortages and issues from the perspective of employers in the Calgary Region.

Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

Calgary & AreaLabour Market Report

Table of Contents.................................................................................................Summary 1

..............................................................................................Calgary Economy 1

....................................................................................Calgary Housing Market 4

......................................................................................Labour Force Statistics 6

.........................................................................................Industry Employment 8

...............................................................................................Employer Survey 9

...................................................................................Employer Survey 13..................................................................................................................Survey Profile 13

............................................................................................................Business Activity 14

..........................Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future Employment 17

.....................................................................................................Recruitment Methods 22

......................................................................................................Recruiting Difficulties 24

.........................................................................................................Employee Turnover 29

........................................................................................................................Retention 32

.......................................................Supplemental Questions - Focus on Diversification 36

.......................................................Appendix A: Survey Methodology 47..............................Appendix B: Employer Survey Occupation Results 48

Calgary and Area Labour Market - 2016 Q3 Report

CALGARY ECONOMYSUMMARYQ3 2016

1

Summary

The Calgary Economic Region’s economy is forecast to contract by 3.2% in 2016, following a decline of 3.9% in 2015. Modest economic growth of 1.2% is projected for 2017 for Calgary.Calgary Economy

PAST GROWTH

Over the last 15 years (from 2001-2015) the Calgary Economic Region’s (CER) economy grew by 52%, significantly higher than the growth in the national economy over the same time period (31%). Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) contracted by 3.9% in the CER in 2015, following an average annual growth rate of about 5.7% from 2011-2014.1

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

-8% -4% 0% 4% 8%

6.1%

6.0%

6.2%

4.5%

-3.9%

GDP Growth 2011-2015 (CER)

CURRENT GROWTH

The economic contraction that began last year is projected to extend into 2016. Real GDP in the CER is forecast to decline by a further 3.2% this year, as the downturn in energy continues to spread to other sectors of the economy. A weak labour market and slowing population growth are adversely affecting consumer spending - estimated to account for about 60% of the region’s overall economic activity.

Calgary ER

Alberta

Canada

-6% -3% 0% 3%

1.4%

-2.0%

-3.2%

GDP Growth Forecast 2016

FUTURE GROWTH

Growth in the CER is expected to rebound modestly in line with the projected slow recovery in oil prices. The price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil has risen from an average of US$33/barrel in Q1 2016 to US$45/barrel in Q3 2016. The region’s economy is forecast to grow 1.2% in 2017, below the national average growth forecast of 2.0%.

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

0% 1% 2% 3%

1.2%

2.7%

2.6%

2.1%

2.6%

GDP Growth Forecast (CER)


1 All data and forecasts are from the City of Calgary, Corporate Economics, Calgary’s Economic Performance 2001 - 2015, A Statistical Portrait, September 2016 and Calgary & Region Economic Outlook, September 2016.


2

The price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil is forecast to average US$43 per barrel in 2016 and US$50 per barrel in 2017.

OIL PRICES

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil prices averaged US$45 per barrel in the third quarter of 2016, down slightly from US$46 per barrel in both the previous quarter and in the third quarter of 2015. WTI crude is forecast to average US$42.78 per barrel in 2016 and US$49.99 per barrel in 2017.2

Q3 16

Q2 16

Q1 16

Q4 15

Q3 15

$0 $20 $40 $60

$46

$42

$33

$46

$45

WTI Prices, Quarterly Avg. (US$/bbl)

POPULATION

Calgary’s population increased by 4,256 or 0.3% from the previous year to 1,235,171 in April 2016. This was well below the 3.0% - 3.3% growth experienced in each of the previous three years. Over 6,537 people moved away from Calgary in 2016. Looking ahead, net migration levels are forecast to remain weak over the 2017 - 2019 period, limiting population growth to about 1.0% each year.3

2019F

2018F

2017F

2016

2015

2014

20130% 1% 2% 3% 4%

3.3%

3.3%

3.0%

0.3%

1.0%

0.9%

1.2%

Calgary Pop. Actual & Forecast (% Chg)

WEEKLY EARNINGS

The average weekly earnings of payroll employees in the Calgary CMA increased by $5 to $1,135 in September 2016, from $1,130 a year earlier. September earnings were down slightly from August by $2. Calgarians in the mining and oil and gas industry had the highest average weekly earnings at $1,867 in September 2016. Accommodation and food services employees had the lowest weekly earnings at $477.4

Sep 16

Aug 16

Sep 15

$0 $400 $800 $1,200

$1,130

$1,137

$1,135

Calgary CMA Avg Weekly Earnings


2 Baytex Energy Corp. Historical Oil Pricing and U.S. Energy Information Administration, Short Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook, October 13, 2016.

3 City of Calgary, 2016 Civic Census Results and City of Calgary, Corporate Economics, Calgary & Region Economic Outlook, September 2016.

4 City of Calgary, Corporate Economics, Economics, Labour Market Review, August and September 2016.


3

Calgary’s downtown office vacancy rate approached 23% in the third quarter of 2016 and is projected to reach nearly 26% by year-end 2018.

NON-RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION

Investment in non-residential building construction in the Calgary CMA was just over $1 billion in the third quarter of 2016, down 6.5% from the second quarter of 2016 and down 10.7% year-over-year (y/y). Investment in commercial projects, which makes up about 70% of non-residential construction spending in Calgary, declined 20% y/y in the third quarter of 2016.5

Calgary

Alberta

Canada

-15% -10% -5% 0%

-2.4%

-10.1%

-10.7%

Inv. in Non-Res Construction Q3 16 (y/y)

EMPLOYMENT INSURANCE

There were 28,640 Calgarians receiving regular EI benefits in August 2016, a 15% decline compared to the previous month, ending two years of consecutive month-over-month increases. However, compared to August 2015, the number of EI beneficiaries was up 65%. In July 2016, 33,570 Calgarians were receiving regular EI benefits - a record high for the city.6

Aug 2016

Jul 2016

Aug 2015

0 20,000 40,000

17,320

33,570

28,640

Calgary EI Beneficiaries

DOWNTOWNOFFICE MARKET

Calgary’s downtown office vacancy rate rose to 22.6% in the third quarter of 2016, from 22% the previous quarter and from 13.9% in the third quarter of 2015. With over 2.3 million square feet of office space to hit the market by 2018, Calgary’s downtown office vacancy rate is forecast to reach nearly 26% by year-end 2018.7

Q3 2016

Q2 2016

Q1 2016

Q4 2015

Q3 2015

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

13.9%

18.1%

20.5%

22.0%

22.6%

Calgary Downtown Office Vac. Rates


5 Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 026-0016.

6 Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 276-0034.

7 Colliers International, Research and Forecast Report, Calgary Downtown Office Market, Q3 2016.

CALGARY HOUSING MARKETSUMMARYQ3 2016

4

Calgary Housing MarketCalgary builders started nearly 6,900 housing units from January to September 2016, down 30% compared to the same period in 2015.

Housing starts in the Calgary CMA totaled 6,898 units in the first nine months of 2016, down 30% year-over-year. Single-detached starts declined 19% year-over-year to 2,515 units from January to September 2016 and multi-family starts fell 35% to 4,383 units. In Alberta, total housing starts were down 39% year-over-year with starts across Canada as a whole were virtually unchanged. British Columbia (+39%), Prince Edward Island (+31%) and Ontario (+6.0%) were the only provinces to post year-over-year increases in housing starts in the first three quarters of 2016. Total housing starts in the Calgary CMA are forecast to range between 8,300 and 9,300 units in both 2016 and 2017.8

New housing prices in the Calgary CMA declined 0.7% year-over-year in August 2016, following a y/y decline of 0.6% in July 2016, according to Statistic Canada’s New Housing Price Index (NHPI). It was the thirteenth consecutive month prices were lower than the year before. Alberta’s index declined 0.5% in August 2016, while Canada’s index rose 2.7%. Toronto-Oshawa (+7.0%) and Vancouver (+5.4%) led growth in new home prices in August 2016.9

Calgary

Edmonton

Alberta

Canada

-2% 0% 2% 4%

2.7%

-0.5%

-0.2%

-0.7%

% Change in NHPI Aug 2016 (y/y)


8 Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Housing Market Outlook Calgary CMA, Fall 2016; Housing Now Tables, Calgary CMA, October 2016.

9 Statistics Canada, The Daily, New Housing Price Index, August 2016

0

25,000

50,000

75,000

100,000

125,000

150,000

Calgary CMA Edmonton CMA Alberta Canada

134,387

16,5617,1626,898

134,750

27,00513,4999,831

Housing Starts

YTD Sep 15 YTD Sep 16

CALGARY HOUSING MARKETSUMMARYQ3 2016

5

Existing home sales in Calgary declined by 8.3% y/y in the first three quarters of 2016, but the average sales price rose slightly by 1.9%.

The average sales price of an existing home in the city of Calgary rose 1.9% year-over-year to $480,314 in the first nine months of 2016. The price for a detached home increased by 1.5% over the same period, while the price for an apartment increased 0.5%. Conversely, the average price for an attached home was down 1.5% to $402,170.10

Existing home sales in the city of Calgary totaled 4,799 units during the third quarter of 2016, down from 5,082 sales in the third quarter of 2015. Year-to-date September 2016, total existing home sales reached 14,003 units, an 8.3% decline compared to the first nine months of 2015. Apartment sales were down 19% year-over-year to the end of September 2016, while attached and detached home sales declined by 8.5% and 5.2% respectively.11

Q3 16

Q2 16

Q1 16

Q4 15

Q3 15

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000

5,082

3,563

3,485

5,719

4,799

City of Calgary Existing Home Sales


10 Calgary Real Estate Board (CREB), Monthly Statistics Package, City of Calgary, September 2016.

11 Ibid.

$250,000

$307,143

$364,286

$421,429

$478,571

$535,714

$592,857

$650,000

Total Detached Apartment Attached

$402,170

$311,173

$548,024

$480,314

$408,095

$309,768

$540,032

$471,542

City of Calgary Average Sales Prices for Existing Homes

YTD Sep 15 YTD Sep 16

LABOUR FORCE STATISTICSSUMMARYQ3 2016

6

Calgary’s unemployment rate averaged 9.0% in the third quarter of 2016, up significantly from 6.9% in the third quarter of 2015.

PARTICIPATION

Calgary’s labour force participation rate averaged 72.7% in the third quarter of 2016, unchanged from the previous quarter but down from 74.1% year-over-year. Among the major metropolitan areas in Canada, Regina (73.3%), Edmonton (72.8%) and Calgary (72.7%) had the highest participation rates in the third quarter of 2016.

The labour force participation rate is the number of persons who are employed, or unemployed but looking for a job, divided by the total working-age population.

EMPLOYMENT

Employment in the Calgary CMA averaged 797,200 in the third quarter of 2016, down by 3,300 from the previous quarter and down by 19,500 or 2.4% year-over-year.

Employment in the Calgary Economic Region (CER) is projected to decline by about 2.4% in 2016, translating into approximately 21,100 net job losses. The oil and gas industry (-15,000) and construction industry (-6,000) are forecast to account for the bulk of job losses in 2016.12

UNEMPLOYMENT

Calgary’s unemployment rate jumped to an average of 9.0% in the third quarter of 2016, from 8.2% the previous quarter and from 6.9% in the third quarter of 2015.

In September 2016, Calgary’s unemployment rate reached 9.5%, marking the third consecutive month that Calgary had posted the highest unemployment rate among metropolitan areas in Canada.

The CER’s unemployment rate is forecast to average 8.5% in 2016 and 9.0% in 2017.13

Labour Force Statistics


12 The City of Calgary, Corporate Economics, Calgary & Region Economic Outlook, September 2016, p.14.

13 Ibid, p.15.

Calgary Labour Force Survey Stats Q3 2016 Q2 2016 Q3 2015

✓ Participation Rate 72.7% 72.7% 74.1%

✓ Employment Rate 66.1% 66.7% 69.0%

✓ Unemployment Rate 9.0% 8.2% 6.9%Source: Statistics Canada CANSIM table 282-0135

LABOUR FORCE STATISTICSSUMMARYQ3 2016

7

TYPE OF WORK

Year-over-year, employment in the Calgary CMA declined by 19,500 or 2.4% in the third quarter of 2016.

Full-time employment dropped by 34,900 or 5.0% year-over-year in the third quarter of 2016, partially offset by a gain of 15,200 or 12% in part-time employment.

Approximately 18% of all employed Calgarians worked part-time in the third quarter of 2016, up from 15% a year earlier.

GENDER

Employment declined for both men and women in Calgary on a year-over-year basis in the third quarter of 2016. Employment for men declined by 11,400 or 2.5%, while employment for women fell by 8,400 or 2.2%.

Overall, the unemployment rate for men rose to an average of 9.0% in the third quarter of 2016, while the unemployment rate for women jumped to 10%. Men and women aged 15 - 24 years had the highest unemployment rate at around 18%.

AGE

All the major age groups in Calgary recorded annual employment declines in the third quarter of 2016. Employment was down by 8,600 or 7.7% among youth (aged 15 - 24) and declined by 5,700 or 3.9% among older adults (aged 55+). Employment for adults aged 25 - 54 was down slightly by 5,600 or 1.0% year-over-year.

In the third quarter of 2016, 13% of all employed Calgarians were aged 15 - 24 years, 77% were aged 25 - 54 years, and 17% were aged 55+ years.


Men (15 yrs+) Total

Men (15-24 yrs)

Men (25-54 yrs)

Men (55 yrs+)

Women (15 yrs+) Total

Women (15-24 yrs)

Women (25-54 yrs)

Women (55 yrs+)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%10.8%

7.9%

18.4%

10.0%

10.4%

7.0%

17.6%

9.0%

Unemployment Rates by Gender and Age, Calgary CMAQ3 2015 Q3 2016

Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM table 282-0128.

INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT SUMMARY

Industry Employment

These are the industries that posted the greatest change in employment in the Calgary CMA and Alberta in Q3 2016 (year-over-year).

Calgary CMA Highlights

Educational Services

+11,000 jobs

Construction

+6,400 jobs

Health Care and Social Assistance

-15,900 jobs

Transportation and Warehousing

-5,800 jobs

Alberta Highlights

Educational Services

+12,100 jobs

Other Services

+6,800 jobs

Manufacturing

-25,100 jobs

Forestry, Fishing, Mining, Oil and Gas

-21,700 jobs

Sources: Statistics Canada, CANSIM tables 282-0088 and 282-0130 and City of Calgary, Calgary & Region Economic Outlook, Fall 2016.

All industriesOil & Gas

ConstructionManufacturing

Prof & ScientificTrade

EducationOther ServicesAccom & Food

Fin, Ins & Real EstTrans & WareGovt Services

Health and Soc ServicesOther Primary

-25,000 -20,000 -15,000 -10,000 -5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,0008,600

1,600-100-200-300-500-700-900

-1,900-2,600-2,600

-6,000-15,000

-21,100

2016 Forecast Change in Employment by Industry, Calgary Economic Region


Q3 2016

8

EMPLOYER SURVEYSUMMARYQ3 2016

9

Employer Survey

Survey Results: 201 small-sized employers with 10 - 49 employees were surveyed in Q3 2016.

PAST GROWTH

On balance, 23% of employers reported that their company downsized in the 12 months prior to their survey, a significant change from Q3 2015 when 10% of employers reported a business downsize.

Employers surveyed in Q3 2016 reported the most company downsizing relative to all previous surveys.

20162015201420132012201120102009

-30% -15% 0% 15% 30%

Q3 Company Expansion

FUTURE GROWTH

On balance, 6% of employers anticipate a business downsize in the 12 months following their survey, compared to 4% anticipating a business expansion in Q3 2015.

On balance, employers in Q3 2016 reported an anticipated business downsize for the first time across all survey years.

The marked change in future business confidence indicates that employers in the Calgary region have concerns about the prospects for the economy turning around next year.

20162015201420132012201120102009

-10% 0% 10% 20% 30%

Q3 Anticipated Company Expansion

LAYOFFS

Twenty-five per cent of employers reported that their companies laid off workers in the 3 months prior to their survey, up slightly from 22% in Q3 2015.

Overall, employers reported about 236 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 5.0%. The highest number of layoffs were reported in the mining and oil and gas, wholesale and retail trade, and professional, scientific and technical services industries.

20162015201420132012201120102009

0% 10% 20% 30%

Q3 Layoffs



10

The most frequently reported vacant positions were light duty cleaners, truck drivers, financial auditors and accountants, hotel front desk clerks, and food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations.

The positions employers reported the most difficulty recruiting were technical wholesale specialists and light duty cleaners.

The positions employers reported had the highest voluntary turnover were retail salespersons and receptionists and switchboard operators.

Fifty-three per cent of employers reported approximately 343 employees left as a result of voluntary turnover in the 12 months prior to their survey. Overall, the voluntary turnover rate was 7.3%.

PAST RECRUITMENT

Employers were asked if they had difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months prior to their survey. Seventeen per cent of employers reported difficulty recruiting, down from 35% in Q3 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

0% 25% 50%

Q3 Past Difficulty

FUTURE RECRUITMENT

Employers were asked if they anticipated having more, less or the same difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey. On balance, 9% anticipated less difficulty compared to 20% anticipating less difficulty in Q3 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

-30%-15% 0% 15%30%

Q3 Future Difficulty

PAST TURNOVER

Employers were asked if they had any voluntary turnover in the 12 months prior to their survey. Fifty-three per cent of employers reported voluntary turnover, down from 62% in Q3 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

0% 35% 70%

Q3 Past Turnover

FUTURE TURNOVER

Employers were asked if they anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher, lower or the same in the 12 months following their survey. On balance, 13% anticipated lower voluntary turnover, compared to 14% in Q3 2015.

2016201520142013201220112010

-20% -10% 0%

Q3 Future Turnover



11

✓ Employers reported career and classified websites were the most successful recruitment method in the 12 months prior to their survey.

✓ Employers reported that providing a job in this economy was the most successful employee retention strategy in the 12 months prior to their survey.

Career and classified websitesWord of mouth/employee referralsCompany website/internal postings

Employment agenciesSocial media

Industry associationsWalk-ins/unsolicited resumes

NewspapersAlberta Works/employment resource centres

RehiresUnsure

Did not hire in past 12 months 27%2%

1%1%

2%3%3%

4%6%6%

18%27%

Providing a job in this economyPositive work environment

Competitive salaryExcellent management/supervision

Flexible work measuresCompetitive benefits package

Interesting/challenging workCompany culture

Cash bonusesExcellent communication

PerksExcellent coworkers

Learning/growth opportunitiesWork/life balance

Team buildingEmployee engagement

Performance evaluationSocial events

NoneUnsure 7%

3%1%1%1%1%1%1%1%

2%2%2%

3%6%6%

8%10%

11%13%

20%



12

Overall, over half of the employers reported they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the last 12 months to manage their business through the downturn.

✓ Sixty-five per cent of the construction employers said they have diversified, compared to 35% of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing industry employers.

Yes No

TotalConstruction

ManufacturingProfessional, Scientific & Technical

Transportation & WarehousingWholesale & Retail Trade

Mining & Oil & GasAccommodation & Food/Arts & Entertainment

Health Care & Social AssistanceOther

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Overall, 56% of employers have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.

✓ Seventy per cent of the construction and wholesale and retail trade employers reported that their company has a plan in place to diversify. Only 40% of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and ‘other’ industry employers reported that their company has a plan in place to diversify.

Yes No

TotalConstruction

Wholesale & Retail TradeManufacturing

Transportation & WarehousingMining & Oil & Gas

Health Care & Social AssistanceProfessional, Scientific & Technical

Accommodation & Food/Arts & EntertainmentFinance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

Other0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%


Employer Survey

The purpose of the quarterly survey is to gather information from Calgary and area employers on their recruitment and retention practices and various other employment issues they are facing. Over the course of the year, employers will be divided into four categories based on the number of employees in the company and results of the survey will be reported on as follows:

✓ Q1 2016: Large-sized companies with 100+ employees

✓ Q2 2016: Medium-sized companies with 50 – 99 employees

✓ Q3 2016: Small-sized companies with 10 – 49 employees

✓ Q4 2016: Micro-sized companies with <10 employees

Survey ProfileThe 201 small-sized employers surveyed employ approximately 4,699 people. Of this total, 83 per cent are full-time employees, 8 per cent are part-time employees, and 9 per cent are either contract, seasonal, casual, temporary or relief staff.

How many people does your company employ in the Calgary region?

”Other” represents companies in any of the following industries: agriculture, utilities, information & culture,management of companies, administrative & support services, educational services, other services or public administration.

Industry Total Employees

Number of Companies

Mining & Oil & Gas 483 21Construction 454 20Manufacturing 454 20Wholesale & Retail Trade 415 20Transportation & Warehousing 569 20Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 455 20Health Care & Social Assistance 479 20Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 535 20Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 436 20Other 419 20Total 4,699 201


EMPLOYER SURVEYQ3 2016 Survey Results: Small-sized employers with 10 - 49 employees

13

Business ActivityOn balance, 23 per cent of the employers said their company downsized in the last 12 months.Fourteen per cent of the employers surveyed in Q3 2016 said their company expanded in the 12 months prior to their survey and 37 per cent reported their company downsized, resulting in a negative balance of 23 per cent.14 In Q3 2015, 18 per cent of the employers reported they expanded and 28 per cent said they downsized, for a negative balance of 10 per cent.

On balance, fifteen per cent of the health care and social assistance employers, 10 per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers and 5 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers said they expanded in the past year - the only industries to record a positive result. Four industries have been more severely impacted by the economic slowdown over the past year. A net 60 per cent of the construction and wholesale and retail trade employers, 48 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers and 40 per cent of the manufacturing employers reported they downsized.Past Business ActivityPercentage of companies that expanded or downsized in the 12 months prior to their survey

Expanded Downsized Balance Expanded Downsized BalanceOverall Results 18% 28% -10% 14% 37% -23%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 10% 40% -30% 10% 57% -48%Construction 10% 40% -30% 10% 70% -60%Manufacturing 10% 35% -25% 10% 50% -40%Wholesale & Retail Trade 15% 35% -20% 5% 65% -60%Transportation & Warehousing 20% 40% -20% 10% 30% -20%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 15% 50% -35% 20% 45% -25%Health Care & Social Assistance 30% 5% 25% 25% 10% 15%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 20% 20% 0% 15% 10% 5%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 25% 10% 15% 25% 15% 10%Other 25% 5% 20% 15% 20% -5%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

Comments‣ “We have downsized by cutting hours.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “No because I already downsized a couple of years ago.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We had no choice but to downsize.” - Construction

!10%%

!23%%

!40%%

!30%%

!20%%

!10%%

0%%

10%%

20%%

Q3%2015% Q3%2016%

Has$your$company$expanded$or$downsized$$in$the$last$12$months?$

Expanded% Downsized% Balance%


14 Percentage of companies reporting an expansion minus percentage of companies reporting a downsize.

14 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have added people to our casual employee pool.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We work in child welfare, so we have been increasingly busy.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We cut back hours.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We have significantly downsized.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are going through a sale of our facility to another company as a result of increased growth, so we're in a transition period.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We have downsized by about two-thirds.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We have been flat.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are always growing.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are down by quite a bit.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, 6 per cent of the employers anticipate a business downsize in the next 12 months.Thirteen per cent of the employers anticipate their company will expand in the 12 months following their survey and 19 per cent anticipate their company will downsize, for a negative balance of 6 per cent.15 In Q3 2015, 18 per cent anticipated an expansion and 14 per cent anticipated a downsize, for a positive balance of 4 per cent.

On balance, 40 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade employers, one-third of the mining and oil and gas employers, and one-quarter of the construction employers anticipate a business downsize in the next year. In contrast, 20 per cent of the health care and social assistance and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers and 10 per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services and ‘other’ employers anticipate a business expansion in the coming year.

4%#

$6%#

$20%#

$10%#

0%#

10%#

20%#

Q3#2015# Q3#2016#

Do#you#an(cipate#a#business#expansion#or#downsize#in#the#next#12#months?#

Expansion# Downsize# Balance#


15 Percentage of employers anticipating a business expansion minus percentage of employers anticipating a business downsize.

15 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Future Business ActivityPercentage of companies that anticipate an expansion or downsize in the 12 months following their survey

Expansion Downsize Balance Expansion Downsize BalanceOverall Results 18% 14% 4% 13% 19% -6%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 10% 10% 0% 0% 33% -33%Construction 10% 25% -15% 0% 25% -25%Manufacturing 15% 25% -10% 15% 20% -5%Wholesale & Retail Trade 15% 40% -25% 10% 50% -40%Transportation & Warehousing 20% 10% 10% 15% 20% -5%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 10% 10% 0% 30% 20% 10%Health Care & Social Assistance 25% 0% 25% 20% 0% 20%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 25% 0% 25% 5% 15% -10%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 10% 20% -10% 25% 5% 20%Other 35% 0% 35% 15% 5% 10%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

Comments‣ “That depends on the economy, but I anticipate a downsizing.” - Accommodation & Food Services/

Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are hoping to remain the same, but it looks like we're going to have to downsize.” - Construction

‣ “I just don't know at this point.” - Construction

‣ “We would like expand, but that's out of our control. The government has put a cap on how many clients we can take on.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “The only way we would downsize is if our contract with Alberta Health Services is not renewed.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We currently have a work share program and reduced hours, so I think we are now in a position to maintain our employment levels.” - Manufacturing

‣ “That depends on the economy. With the outlook in Alberta right now, I expect further downsizing.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Given the economic conditions, I expect a downsize.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We will possibly downsize again.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “If we manage to get additional financing, we will expand. Otherwise, I expect a contraction.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We will remain the same, unless we receive some miraculous funding increases.” - Other

‣ “That depends on the number of students we get this year, but I expect a downsize.” - Other

‣ “I can see an increase in our business next year. Looking forward even further, I think our expansion will be even bigger.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “That's hard to say at this point, but they're probably looking at some more downsizing in the next 12 months.” - Transportation & Warehousing


16 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “I expect we will downsize further with the new wage increase, as being forced to pay people more will mean we can employ less staff.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Employment: Past Layoffs, Vacant Positions and Future EmploymentOne-quarter of the employers laid off workers in the three months prior to their survey.Twenty-five per cent of the employers reported they laid off workers in the three months prior to their survey (for reasons other than seasonality). This was up slightly from 22 per cent of the employers in the third quarter of 2015, and was led by wholesale and retail trade, construction and manufacturing (40 per cent each) and professional, scientific and technical services (30 per cent) industries. Only 5 per cent of the health care and social assistance employers said they laid off employees.

Overall, employers reported about 236 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 5.0 per cent. This is about double the Q3 2015 results when employers reported 121 people were laid off, representing a layoff rate of 2.5 per cent. The mining and oil and gas industry had the highest layoff rate in Q3 2016 at 26.7 per cent, followed by wholesale and retail trade (5.1 per cent), professional, scientific and technical services (4.2 per cent) and manufacturing (4.0 per cent). Additional details on layoffs can be found in Appendix B.

Number of Layoffs and Layoff Rates (in the three months prior to survey)

5%#15%#15%#

19%#20%#

25%#30%#

40%#40%#40%#

25%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%#

Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Other#

TransportaKon#&#Warehousing#Professional,#ScienKfic#&#Tech.#

Manufacturing#ConstrucKon#

Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#Overall#

Percentage)of)companies)that)laid)off)employees)in)the)three)months)prior)to)survey)

Q3#2016# Q3#2015#

Industry Total Layoffs

Mining & Oil & Gas 18Wholesale & Retail Trade 10Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 20Manufacturing 7Construction 30Transportation & Warehousing 5Other 7Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 0Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 12Health Care & Social Assistance 12Total 121 Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employment.

Q3 2015Layoff Rate

Total Layoffs

3.7% 129 1.8% 21 3.3% 19 1.5% 18 6.7% 17 1.2% 15 1.3% 5 0.0% 5 2.7% 6 2.8% 1 2.5% 236

Layoff rate is the number of layoffs as a percent of total employment.

Q3 2016Q3 2015Layoff Rate

26.7%5.1%4.2%4.0%3.7%2.6%1.2%1.1%1.1%0.2%5.0%

Q3 2016


17 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employers further specified that 92 per cent of the total layoffs (217 of 236 layoffs) were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn. Mining and oil and gas, construction and transportation and warehousing employers said all of their layoffs were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn.

Comments

‣ “Not as of yet.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We have had to let a few people go due to lack of work for them.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We literally just closed our Calgary offices. Our remaining employees work from home now.” - Manufacturing

‣ “There's no way we will layoff anyone.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have been laying people of gradually.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Most of our layoffs were at the end of June.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We laid off people in May, so more than 3 months ago.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “The layoffs were mainly due to the provincial government forcing wage increases and increasing business taxes.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Industry Layoffs Due to Economy Total Layoffs % Layoffs Due

to Economy

Mining & Oil & Gas 129 129 100%Construction 17 17 100%Transportation & Warehousing 15 15 100%Manufacturing 17 18 94%Wholesale & Retail Trade 17 21 81%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 13 19 68%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 4 6 67%Other 3 5 60%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 2 5 40%Health Care & Social Assistance 0 1 0%Total 217 236 92%Note: 50 employers reported laying off employees in the three months prior to their survey.

Number of layoffs that were directly related to low oil prices and the economic downturn


18 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Twenty-two per cent of the employers had 105 vacant positions that needed to be filled.Overall, 22 per cent of the employers reported they had vacant positions that needed to be filled at the time of their survey, down from 27 per cent in the third quarter of 2015. Half of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers had vacant positions, compared to only 10 per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and construction employers.

Employers reported they had 105 vacancies that need to be filled, resulting in an overall vacancy rate of 2.2 per cent. Vacancy rates ranged from a high of 4.6 per cent in the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry to a low of less than 1.0 per cent in the mining and oil and gas, finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and construction industries. Additional details on vacant positions can be found in Appendix B.

Number of Vacant Positions and Vacancy Rates

Comments

‣ “I could always use 2 or 3 more housekeeping staff.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Yes, but only part-time positions.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We only have a temporary position open right now.” - Construction

‣ “No, but we're always taking applications to keep on file.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have two vacant positions, but we will not be filling them.” - Manufacturing

10%$10%$

14%$15%$

20%$20%$

25%$30%$30%$

50%$22%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$ 70%$

Construc3on$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Manufacturing$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Other$Professional,$Scien3fic$&$Tech.$Transporta3on$&$Warehousing$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Overall$

Percentage)of)companies)with)vacant)posi3ons)that)needed)to)be)filled)at)3me)of)survey)

Q3$2016$ Q3$2015$

Industry # of Vacant Positions

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 29Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 4Transportation & Warehousing 11Wholesale & Retail Trade 5Other 12Manufacturing 9Health Care & Social Assistance 23Mining & Oil & Gas 2Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 15Construction 0Total 110 Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

Q3 2015Vacancy

Rate# of Vacant Positions

6.3% 261.0% 202.6% 181.1% 102.6% 101.9% 93.9% 50.4% 32.7% 20.0% 22.2% 105

Vacancy rate is the number of vacant positions divided by all positions (vacant and occupied)

Q3 2015 Q3 2016Vacancy

Rate

4.6%4.2%3.1%2.4%2.3%1.9%1.0%0.6%0.5%0.4%2.2%

Q3 2016


19 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “No, in fact we're struggling just to find work for the employees that we already have.” - Other

‣ “We have 4 positions open, and that's including our seasonal positions.” - Other

‣ “Yes, but only positions on a temp basis.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

On balance, 3 per cent of the employers anticipate employment in their company will decrease over the next three months.Once any current vacant positions are filled, 9 per cent of the employers anticipate employment in their company will increase over the next three months, 12 per cent anticipate employment will decrease, and 79 per cent anticipate employment will stay the same, for a negative balance of 3 per cent.16 This is down from the Q3 2015 results when 3 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated employment would increase.

Employers from the transportation and warehousing and professional, scientific and technical services industries are the most positive about future employment levels. On balance, 15 per cent of the transportation and warehousing employers and 10 per cent of the professional, scientific and technical services employers anticipate an increase in employment in the next three months. In addition, 5 per cent of the manufacturing, health care and social assistance and finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers on balance anticipate an increase in employment. In contrast, 25 per cent of the wholesale and retail trade and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers on balance anticipate employment will decrease over the next three months. Future EmploymentPercentage of companies that anticipated an increase or decrease in total employment in the 3 months following their survey

Increase Decrease Balance Increase Decrease BalanceOverall Results 13% 10% 3% 9% 12% -3%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 0% 10% -10% 5% 10% -5%Construction 5% 25% -20% 10% 20% -10%Manufacturing 20% 10% 10% 10% 5% 5%Wholesale & Retail Trade 15% 20% -5% 10% 35% -25%Transportation & Warehousing 20% 10% 10% 15% 0% 15%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 10% 10% 0% 25% 15% 10%Health Care & Social Assistance 15% 0% 15% 5% 0% 5%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 25% 10% 15% 5% 30% -25%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 0% 5% -5% 10% 5% 5%Other 20% 0% 20% 0% 0% 0%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

3%#

$3%#

$15%#

$10%#

$5%#

0%#

5%#

10%#

15%#

Q3#2015# Q3#2016#

Do#you#an(cipate#employment#will#increase,##decrease#or#stay#the#same#in#the#next#3#months?#

Increase# Decrease# Balance#


16 Percentage of employers that anticipate employment in their company will increase in the next three months minus the percentage of employers that anticipate employment will decrease.

20 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, in the three months following their survey, employers anticipate employment will increase by 65 and decrease by 133, for a net employment decrease of 68 people. Accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate a net employment decrease of about 52 people. Employers in the transportation and warehousing, manufacturing, finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and health care and social assistance industries anticipate a slight employment increase. Additional details on anticipated changes in employment can be found in Appendix B.

Comments‣ “We will be laying off half our staff at the end of the season.” - Accommodation & Food Services/

Arts & Entertainment

‣ “If we can find 2 more employees, we will be at staff capacity.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We need at least 10 qualified servers.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are hoping to stay the same. We have taken all our support staff down to 4 days a week and have given them pay cuts.” - Construction

‣ “We will decrease by another 10-20% of our staff.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will have to hire in the next two weeks, as our summer students go back to school.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Things are very tough within our business. We have been very fortunate that we have jobs for now. A lot of companies like ours have closed.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We will be losing our summer staff due to the seasonality of their positions.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We will increase if we can find employees.” - Transportation & Warehousing

Industry Increase #

Decrease # Net #

Transportation & Warehousing 9 0 9Manufacturing 7 3 4Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 3 2 1Health Care & Social Assistance 1 0 1Other 0 0 0Wholesale & Retail Trade 13 16 -3Mining & Oil & Gas 3 7 -4Construction 5 13 -8Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 11 27 -16Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 13 65 -52Total 65 133 -68

Anticipated change in employment over the next three months


21 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We're getting towards the end of our season, so our total employment will be decreasing soon.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “I would love to add some salespeople to the floor, but I have no money to hire anybody.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Recruitment MethodsCareer and classified websites was the most successful recruitment method over the last 12 months.Organizations use a variety of methods to recruit workers. Employers were asked to specify the recruitment method that was the most successful over the last 12 months. Career and classified websites was the most successful, reported by 27 per cent of the employers, followed by word of mouth/employee referrals (18 per cent), company website/internal postings and employment agencies (6 per cent each).

Comments‣ “Basically it was word of mouth and our

own networking.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The only recruitment resource we've really used is the Job Bank.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Social media is very effective.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Most of them apply by just walking in.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “About 90% of our hires are through referrals.” - Construction

‣ “We are pretty much just hiring guys we had working for us before who we already know are good.” - Construction

‣ “Indeed has been an incredible resource for us.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “The most effective is probably referrals.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Usually in our business it's word of mouth.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Most of our hiring is done through our careers website. We also hired 3 people through the local newspaper.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We use LinkedIn.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

27%$2%$

1%$1%$2%$3%$3%$4%$

6%$6%$

18%$27%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$

Did$not$hire$in$past$12$months$Unsure$Rehires$

Alberta$Works/emp.$resource$centres$Newspapers$

WalkEins/unsolicited$resumes$Industry$associaHons$

Social$media$Employment$agencies$

Company$website/internal$posHngs$Word$of$mouth/employee$referrals$

Career$and$classified$websites$

Most%successful%recruitment%method%over%the%last%12%months%


22 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We just advertise on Reach Hire and our website.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We don't advertise, so it's just resumes that are turned in that we keep on file.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We've actually got most of our staff through networking. We do all of our hiring internally, so we don't use agencies or anything like that.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We target the professional bodies.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We’ve used the Job Bank.” - Manufacturing

‣ “A youth employment program is our best resource for hiring.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We just put an ad on Kijiji.” - Manufacturing

‣ “I use LinkedIn and Indeed.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Usually the most effective is SAIT.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're now working with an independent recruiter, rather than doing it internally ourselves.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are using a headhunter replacement firm.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We use Child Care Advantage.” - Other

‣ “We utilize Job Bank for employment advertising.” - Other

‣ “We recruit through advertising and job postings, mainly on Workopolis.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “When we recruit, we just use the Calgary Herald.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “All of our staff comes to us through word of mouth. We don't even advertise.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “I think the most reliable is the industry websites.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We rely on Indeed.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Advertising on Kijiji and other internet based methods are most successful. In terms of advertising, the internet is always the best.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Kijiji is usually all we use.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “All I have ever done is put an ad in the local newspaper.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “Word of mouth from our existing employees is the most successful hiring resource we have.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We use the Job Bank.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade


23 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Recruiting DifficultiesSeventeen per cent the employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.Overall, 17 per cent of the employers said they had difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months prior to their survey, down significantly from 35 per cent in the third quarter of 2015. Forty per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers and 30 per cent of the transportation and warehousing employers had difficulty recruiting qualified employees, compared to only 5 per cent each of the construction and mining and oil and gas employers.

The 35 employers that reported having difficulty recruiting were also asked to specify the occupations that were the most difficult to fill. Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade and light duty cleaners were the top occupations, reported by 11 per cent and 9 per cent of the employers respectively.

Comments‣ “I have staff but I could use more. I have two front desk people leaving, one to go to school and the

other to go back to Saskatchewan. Plus, I always have difficulty finding housekeepers.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “The only problem we had was with kitchen help.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

5%#5%#

10%#10%#

15%#20%#20%#20%#

30%#40%#

17%#

0%# 10%# 20%# 30%# 40%# 50%# 60%# 70%#

Mining#&#Oil#&#Gas#Construc;on#

Fin.,#Insur.,#Real#Est.#&#Leasing#Health#Care#&#Social#Assistance#

Manufacturing#Other#

Professional,#Scien;fic#&#Tech.#Wholesale#&#Retail#Trade#

Transporta;on#&#Warehousing#Accomm.#&#Food/Arts#&#Ent.#

Overall#

Percentage)of)companies)that)had)difficulty)recrui6ng)in)the)12)months)prior)to)survey)

Q3#2016# Q3#2015#

NOC Code Occupation Employers %

6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 11%6731 Light duty cleaners 9%1224 Property administrators 6%4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 6%6525 Hotel front desk clerks 6%6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 6%7511 Truck drivers 6%7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 6%

Note: 35 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees. Some employers did not specify which occupations.Only occupations with a response of 6 per cent or more are shown in the table.

What occupations have been the most difficult to fill?


24 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “I have difficulty hiring for all of our positions.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We have had difficulty finding Chinese cooks.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We have certain positions where it's tougher to find people with experience in the role, such as our technical specification representative.” - Construction

‣ “Yes, it can be difficult finding property managers.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Yes, it has been difficult filling our engineering position.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Yes, hiring has been difficult. We employ day care workers.” - Other

‣ “Yes, it's always difficult finding IT consultants.” - Other

‣ “Yes, hiring is somewhat difficult for entry level positions.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Our senior creative director position is particularly difficult to fill.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Our company requires individuals with an analytical chemistry background. It can be difficult to find individuals with those qualifications.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Yes, recruitment is difficult for owner operators and salespeople.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “All of the positions are difficult, whether they are permanent or part time.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Recruiting for drivers is very difficult.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We have had difficulty filling the lower level, lower skilled jobs.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We have had difficulty trying to hire qualified sales staff. We've had positions open since the beginning of July and we still haven't found what we're looking for.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Employers have responded to the difficulty finding qualified employees in a variety of ways.Of the 35 employers that reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees, 80 per cent increased recruiting efforts, 71 per cent did not fill the job opening, and 34 per cent each hired a less qualified applicant, increased investment in training provided by in-house staff and increased the workload for current workers. Fourteen per cent of the 35 employers applied for or hired temporary foreign workers.


25 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “We make do with what we have. Everybody has to do more work because there's just not enough

people.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We have started to offer more intense training.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Our response has been to increase wages, offer an even better compensation package, and provide a good work environment with increased flexibility. We fill the housekeeping jobs over and over.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We just had to make do without them. We used to hire temporary foreign workers, but with the rules changing we haven't been able to. We have tried training cooks in Chinese cooking, but it's very hard to do that because it takes a lot of time.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “There's not enough qualified property managers out there, so we recruit people and then do in-house training.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have a small budget, so we don't have the financial resources to do more.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We've mostly just expanded our word of mouth network. We tried expanding our range that we're looking for people geographically, but that didn't help much either.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We find somebody with a good attitude and we train them to the skill level we need.” - Manufacturing

Response to hiring difficulties Employers %

Increased recruiting efforts 80%Did not fill the job opening 71%Hired a less qualified applicant 34%Increased investment in training provided by in-house staff 34%Increased workload for current workers 34%Hired contingent workers, including temps, contractors and freelancers 20%Redesigned the job to change the required skills 17%Applied for/hired temporary foreign workers 14%Targeted underutilized or new talent pools * 14%Redeployed employees to new roles where their skills were more needed 11%Outsourced the work 9%Increased investment in training provided by a third-party 6%Started actively hiring out of province/country 6%Increased wages/benefits to attract more applicants 3%Started offering increased flexibility 3%Nothing 6%Note: 35 employers reported having difficulty recruiting qualified employees.* Mature workers, stay at home parents, persons with disabilities, Aboriginal peoples, etc.

How has your company responded to the difficulty recruiting qualified employees?


26 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have linked up with a recruiter to help us with those positions that are difficult. We haven't looked at temporary foreign workers because they're not really an option anymore.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We are very selective in who we hire. We decided to use an executive search firm.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We have started to advertise to a broader spectrum, like with the newspaper. Recruiting is always a challenge because we live in a tourist town.” - Other

‣ “We just try to expand our networks.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We must assess whether they can do the job we have in place for them before we hire them. Although we do offer a lot of on the job training, we're taking people who already have qualifications. We try to accommodate that person to what they already know how to do.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We have been advertising non-stop for owner operators for years and that's always hard because there's a fairly major investment to be made by the potential candidate. We also struggle to find qualified salespeople who have experience working in our industry.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Right now people are desperate for a job. They have to pay bills and will take a job they wouldn't have taken a year ago. We have started to recruit people without qualifications and train them ourselves.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “I just keep advertising. The majority of my staff is temporary foreign workers. I have had to invest in training. I employ retirees part-time.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “A lot of the hiring is now done out of our Vancouver office.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, 9 per cent of the employers anticipate they will have less difficulty recruiting qualified employees over the next 12 months.Three per cent of the employers anticipate they will have more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey, 12 per cent anticipate they will have less difficulty and 85 per cent anticipate they will have about the same difficulty, for a balance of -9 per cent.17 In Q3 2015, 20 per cent of the employers on balance anticipated they would have less difficulty recruiting qualified employees.

!20%%

!9%%

!30%%

!20%%

!10%%

0%%

10%%

Q3%2015% Q3%2016%

Do#you#an(cipate#having#more,#less#or#the#same#difficulty#recrui(ng#qualified#employees#in#the#

next#12#months?#More% Less% Balance%


17 Percentage of employers that anticipate having more difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate having less difficulty.

27 EMPLOYER SURVEY

On balance, 30 per cent of the employers in the health care and social assistance and ‘other’ industries anticipate they will have less difficulty recruiting in the next 12 months. Employers in the construction, transportation and warehousing and professional, scientific and technical services industries on balance anticipate they will have about the same amount of difficulty recruiting over the next year, while 15 per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate they will have more difficulty. Future Recruiting DifficultiesPercentage of companies that anticipated having more or less difficulty recruiting qualified employees in the 12 months following their survey

More Less Balance More Less BalanceOverall Results 7% 27% -20% 3% 12% -9%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 5% 20% -15% 0% 14% -14%Construction 0% 40% -40% 5% 5% 0%Manufacturing 5% 35% -30% 5% 15% -10%Wholesale & Retail Trade 5% 30% -25% 5% 15% -10%Transportation & Warehousing 10% 30% -20% 0% 0% 0%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 10% 10% 0% 5% 5% 0%Health Care & Social Assistance 5% 40% -35% 0% 30% -30%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 20% 10% 10% 15% 0% 15%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 0% 30% -30% 0% 5% -5%Other 10% 25% -15% 0% 30% -30%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

Comments‣ “We will have difficulty recruiting again come our high season in May.” - Accommodation & Food

Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “I think it will be a little bit easier if we have to recruit because there are a lot of people currently unemployed.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We will have less difficulty, if we decide to hire at all.” - Manufacturing

‣ “The last 2 people we hired came from the same agency and they're both very qualified. I don't expect any difficulty with recruitment going forward.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Less difficulty recruiting because the market is flooded with people.” - Other


28 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employee TurnoverFifty-three per cent of the employers reported employees had voluntarily left their company in the prior year.Overall, 53 per cent of the employers reported employees had left their company in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover,18 down from 62 per cent in Q3 2015.

Sixty per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing, accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment, and wholesale and retail trade employers said employees had voluntarily left in the prior year, compared to 40 per cent of the manufacturing employers.

Overall, the turnover rate was 7.3 per cent.Employers reported approximately 343 employees left their companies in the 12 months prior to their survey as a result of voluntary turnover. This equates to a turnover rate19 of 7.3 per cent, down from 10 per cent in Q3 2015.

The accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment industry had the highest turnover rate on average at 18.9 per cent, but this was down from 22.8 per cent the previous year. The wholesale and retail trade industry had the next highest turnover rate at 8.9 per cent, also down from 11.7 per cent in 2015. In contrast, the manufacturing industry (4.8 per cent) and construction industry (3.7 per cent) had the lowest average employee turnover rates in the third quarter of 2016.

Employers were also asked to specify the occupations that experienced the most voluntary turnover. Retail salespersons (7 per cent), receptionists (5 per cent) and community and social service workers, early childhood educators and assistants, technical sales specialists - wholesale trade and truck drivers (4 per cent each) were the top occupations mentioned by employers.

40%$45%$

50%$50%$52%$55%$55%$

60%$60%$60%$

53%$

0%$ 10%$ 20%$ 30%$ 40%$ 50%$ 60%$ 70%$ 80%$

Manufacturing$Construc9on$

Other$Professional,$Scien9fic$&$Tech.$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Transporta9on$&$Warehousing$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Overall$

Percentage)of)companies)with)voluntary)turnover)in)the)12)months)prior)to)survey)

Q3$2016$ Q3$2015$

3.7%%4.8%%5.2%%5.3%%5.4%%6.0%%6.6%%6.7%%

8.9%%18.9%%

7.3%%

0.0%% 5.0%% 10.0%% 15.0%% 20.0%% 25.0%%

Construc6on%Manufacturing%

Health%Care%&%Social%Assistance%Other%

Mining%&%Oil%&%Gas%Transporta6on%&%Warehousing%Professional,%Scien6fic%&%Tech.%Fin.,%Insur.,%Real%Est.%&%Leasing%

Wholesale%&%Retail%Trade%Accomm.%&%Food/Arts%&%Ent.%

Overall%

Employee(turnover(rates(Q3%2016% Q3%2015%


18 Initiated by the employee, not including retirement or maternity leave.

19 Total turnover divided by total employees.

29 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “Our turnover is mostly with kitchen workers.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts &

Entertainment

‣ “With our seasonal staff, about 80% keep coming back to us every year.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Since I downsized, I have had no problems with people not showing up for work, not wanting to work or quitting.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “In Calgary, it's probably the lower, entry level jobs such as customer service representatives. However, our turnover in the last 12 months has been very low even with those positions.” - Construction

‣ “We lost 4 full time insurance and 7 part time salespeople.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “I would say we have the most turnover with our technologists.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We had quite a bit of turnover in the last year, mainly in the engineering department.” - Manufacturing

‣ “I've had at least 10 people quit. Turnover happens mainly with our day care workers.” - Other

NOC Code Occupation Employers %

6421 Retail salespersons 7%1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 5%4212 Community and social service workers 4%4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 4%6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 4%7511 Truck drivers 4%1221 Administrative officers 3%1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 3%6235 Loan officers 3%6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 3%6731 Light duty cleaners 3%7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 3%1111 Financial auditors and accountants 2%1223 Personnel and recruitment officers 2%3413 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates 2%6231 Insurance agents and brokers 2%6513 Food and beverage servers 2%7231 Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors 2%7521 Heavy equipment operators (except crane) 2%

Only occupations with a response of 2 per cent or more are shown in the table.

What occupations have experienced the most voluntary turnover?

Note: 106 employers reported employees had left their company in the previous 12 months as a result of voluntary turnover. Some employers did not specify which occupations.


30 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have very high turnover. People come and go all the time. Our instructors generally aren't here long.” - Other

‣ “I'm one of the few very fortunate employers who have had no turnover in the last 5 years.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Turnover tends to be with our midlevel accounting positions.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “There have been a couple of people who have left their positions in the lab.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “People are leaving because they're not getting enough hours.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We've lost a few aircraft maintenance professionals.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We have a lot of drivers quit.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Our turnover is 85-90%. It's mostly with cashiers.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “Our turnover is pretty low, but when we do have turnover it's with the entry level grocery positions for sure.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

On balance, 13 per cent of the employers anticipate employee turnover will be lower over the next year.One per cent of the employers anticipate voluntary employee turnover will be higher in the 12 months following their survey and 14 per cent anticipate it will be lower, for a balance of 13 per cent anticipating lower turnover.20 In Q3 2015, 14 per cent of the employers on balance also anticipated turnover would be lower in the year following their survey.

One quarter of the finance, insurance and real estate employers and 20 per cent of the construction and manufacturing employers each on balance anticipate employee turnover in their companies will be lower in the next year. Five per cent of the accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate turnover will be higher.

!14%% !13%%

!20%%

!15%%

!10%%

!5%%

0%%

5%%

Q3%2015% Q3%2016%

Do#you#an(cipate#employee#turnover#will#be#higher#or#lower#in#the#next#12#months?#

Higher% Lower% Balance%


20 Percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be higher in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipated voluntary turnover would be lower.

31 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Future TurnoverPercentage of companies that anticipated employee turnover would be higher or lower in the 12 months following their survey

Higher Lower Balance Higher Lower BalanceOverall Results 4% 18% -14% 1% 14% -13%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 0% 15% -15% 0% 5% -5%Construction 0% 20% -20% 0% 20% -20%Manufacturing 0% 20% -20% 0% 20% -20%Wholesale & Retail Trade 10% 20% -10% 0% 15% -15%Transportation & Warehousing 10% 15% -5% 0% 15% -15%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 0% 20% -20% 0% 15% -15%Health Care & Social Assistance 0% 35% -35% 5% 15% -10%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 10% 5% 5% 5% 0% 5%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 10% 15% -5% 0% 25% -25%Other 0% 15% -15% 0% 10% -10%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

Comments‣ “I have really good workers, so I expect no turnover.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts &

Entertainment

‣ “No one will leave.” - Construction

‣ “Our turnover is about 30% and that is at the industry standard for a non-profit organization.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “This is a seasonal town, so we have a lot of turnover. However, the senior citizens I have working with me have been here for more than a year. It seems that this is a good target population for my hiring in the future.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

RetentionThe top successful retention strategy over the last 12 months was providing a job in the current economic environment.Employers were asked to indicate an employee retention strategy that was the most successful over the last 12 months. Twenty per cent of the employers said just providing a job in the current economic environment was the most successful at retaining employees, followed by a positive work environment (13 per cent), a competitive salary (11 per cent) and excellent management/supervision (10 per cent). Three per cent of the employers said nothing was successful in retaining employees and 7 per cent were unsure.

7%#3%#

1%#1%#1%#1%#1%#1%#1%#2%#2%#2%#3%#

6%#6%#

8%#10%#11%#

13%#20%#

0%# 5%# 10%# 15%# 20%# 25%#

Unsure#None#

Social#events#Performance#evalua=on#Employee#engagement#

Team#building#Work/life#balance#

Learning/growth#opportuni=es#Excellent#coworkers#

Perks#Excellent#communica=on#

Cash#bonuses#Company#culture#

Interes=ng/challenging#work#Compe==ve#benefits#package#

Flexible#work#measures#Excellent#management/supervision#

Compe==ve#salary#Posi=ve#work#environment#

Providing#a#job#in#this#economy#

Most%successful%employee%reten0on%strategy%


32 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “If they can find a place to live, they stay. We have a 0% occupancy rate here, so every business has

problems retaining employees. There's nowhere for our staff to live.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We had a management change about three months ago. Since I came in, I believe the staff relationships have been better.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We just gave gift cards to all the members of the housekeeping department. We will do staff lunches on a regular basis as well. We do a lot for our staff. We have some people who have been here for 12 or more years.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We are just trying to keep everything the same. We are trying not to lay some people off because that could result in other people getting nervous and leaving.” - Construction

‣ “Communication with staff. We are working hard to try to keep the business intact. We also have social functions, although those are minimal lately.” - Construction

‣ “We are a pretty small company. We work very closely together. We have regular meetings to discuss what's happening and how to make work easier for everybody. We have a policy to go for lunch regularly for discussions.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “The work/life balance and the work environment.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “I think it's the friendly atmosphere, the respect we have for coworkers and the commitment to the type of work we do. Most employees are very dedicated to children in care.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We have potluck lunches monthly, we have recess every two weeks and we celebrate successes.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Being able to be flexible with the work times. Having good attitudes towards individuals with developmental disabilities. Trying to overall make sure they have all of the tools they need to do their jobs.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “I think because we're funded by the government, there's some job security here that isn't there at other non-profits. Also because the job situation elsewhere is bad, people are less apt to move around.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “I think for us it's really the passion for the work. We have really engaging work.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “The move to working from home was really positive, both from the company cost perspective and from the employees' flexible work perspective.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We offer them professional development.” - Manufacturing

‣ “There's no other employment out there, so if they leave they will have difficulty finding something else. Right now, it's job security.” - Manufacturing


33 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “They have it great here. Our employees can be quite demanding, but we always accommodate them. The people that have left us in the past all want to come back to work here because they realize how good they had it.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Having a job and getting paid is enough.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “I think it's that a lot of employees have been here a long time, so they have loyalty to the company during the downturn.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “I think there are so many components that go into having an overall competitive employee retention strategy. However, in the last 12 months we don't need a retention strategy because people are glad to have a job. We haven't laid anyone off and they're happy to just keep working.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Our new director has been with us for about a year now and she's been providing a lot of encouragement and training. She's been letting people challenge themselves in their positions, offering more opportunities for staff to get out of their comfort zones, and making the jobs more interesting.” - Other

‣ “We offer a flex fund that's 1% of the employee's salary. This is used at their discretion for a health care spending account.” - Other

‣ “We offer benefits. We give a retention bonus yearly on their employment anniversary. We do spontaneous staff appreciation.” - Other

‣ “We have added a retention bonus and upgraded our benefits plan.” - Other

‣ “We think everyone is paid well and treated fairly. Sometimes we get them to switch duties within the organization to learn more things. If there are any problems we always make sure they're addressed. We offer continuous training and always ensure each person is familiar with our routines, methodologies and the types of work that we do.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “It's tough because we're in a high turnover industry. For new drivers, we expect them to last only 1-1.5 years. Keeping them is not about the money. They just don't want to work or they find the work too hard so they leave. We have our best luck with hires in the age range of 38-50. They seem to stay the longest because they have more work ethic.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “The fear of starving. We're in a bad market right now. If they left here, they probably wouldn't find another job any time soon.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We're pretty lucky working here. The people believe in what they're doing at the store, so that really helps. We have benefits for employees who work 24 or more hours per week, which is better than a lot of places in our industry. We also offer profit sharing for employees who've been working here for over a year.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We're in the business of fun. Our staff get to play with the toys with the customers.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade


34 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Thirteen per cent of the employers on balance anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention over the next year.Fourteen per cent of the employers anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention over the next year, 1 per cent anticipate they will be focusing less and 85 per cent anticipate they will be focusing about the same, for a positive balance of 13 per cent.21 This is similar to the third quarter of 2015 when 14 per cent of the employers said they would be focusing more on employee retention. Thirty per cent of the health care and social assistance and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention over the next year. Only 5 per cent of the mining and oil and gas, construction, and manufacturing employers anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention. Future RetentionPercentage of companies that anticipated they would be focusing more or less on employee retentionin the 12 months following their survey

More Less Balance More Less BalanceOverall Results 17% 3% 14% 14% 1% 13%

Results by IndustryMining & Oil & Gas 5% 10% -5% 5% 0% 5%Construction 5% 5% 0% 5% 0% 5%Manufacturing 15% 0% 15% 5% 0% 5%Wholesale & Retail Trade 10% 0% 10% 15% 5% 10%Transportation & Warehousing 20% 5% 15% 10% 0% 10%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 20% 0% 20% 20% 10% 10%Health Care & Social Assistance 25% 5% 20% 30% 0% 30%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 25% 0% 25% 30% 0% 30%Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 10% 0% 10% 10% 0% 10%Other 30% 0% 30% 10% 0% 10%

Q3 2015 Q3 2016

14%$ 13%$

&5%$

0%$

5%$

10%$

15%$

20%$

Q3$2015$ Q3$2016$

Do#you#an(cipate#focusing#more,#less#or#the#same#on#employee#reten(on#in#the#next#12#months?#

More$ Less$ Balance$


21 Percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing more on employee retention in the 12 months following their survey minus the percentage of employers that anticipate they will be focusing less.

35 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Supplemental Questions - Focus on DiversificationIn addition to the general questions about recruitment and retention practices, employers were asked the following specific questions about their plans to diversify:

‣ Overall, in the last 12 months, has the demand for your products/services increased, decreased or stayed the same as a result of the economic downturn and drop in oil prices?

‣ In the past 12 months, has your company diversified its operations, clients, products, services or markets to manage your business through the downturn?

‣ In response to the economic downturn, does your company currently have a plan in place to diversify its operations beyond where they are today within the next 2 years? If yes, how are you planning to diversify? If no, please explain further.

‣ If your company has a plan in place to diversity its operations, is your company likely to hire additional people as a result of diversifying your business? If yes, how many hires do you expect in the next 12 months? What occupations? Will you be refocusing existing staff to new activities? Will you require training to accomplish this?

Fifty-seven per cent of the employers said the demand for their products/services has decreased in the last 12 months as a result of the economic downturn.Overall, 57 per cent of the employers said the demand for their products/services has decreased in the last year as a result of the economic downturn and drop in oil prices, 16 per cent said demand has increased, and 27 per cent said demand has stayed about the same.

Results varied significantly by industry, from a high of 81 per cent of the mining and oil and gas employers reporting demand has decreased to a low of 25 per cent of the health care and social assistance employers reporting demand has decreased.

Forty per cent of the health care and social assistance employers and 20 per cent each of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing, professional, scientific and technical services, ‘other’, and accommodation and food services/arts and entertainment employers said the economic downturn and drop in oil prices has increased the demand for their products/services.

25%$35%$

55%$55%$55%$60%$60%$

70%$70%$

81%$57%$

40%$20%$

10%$15%$20%$

20%$20%$

10%$10%$

16%$

35%$45%$

35%$30%$25%$20%$20%$20%$20%$19%$

27%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Manufacturing$TransportaJon$&$Warehousing$Professional,$ScienJfic$&$Tech.$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Other$ConstrucJon$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$

Total$

Demand'for'products/services'increased,'decreased'or'stayed'the'same'as'a'result'of'the'economic'downturn'and'drop'in'oil'prices'

Decreased$ Increased$ Same$


36 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, the demand for employers’ products and/or services decreased by an average of 13 per cent over the last 12 months.Employers were also asked to estimate a percentage change in demand for their products and/or services in the last 12 months. Overall, 169 employers were able to provide this additional information (including no change), resulting in an average decrease in demand of 13 per cent. Results varied significantly by industry, ranging from an average increase in demand of 17 per cent for employers in the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing industry to an average decrease in demand of 24 per cent for construction employers, 26 per cent for mining and oil and gas employers and 28 per cent for professional, scientific and technical services employers.

Comments‣ “Customer occupancy of rooms is down by about 20%. However, our room rates are higher. For that

reason, despite decreased demand, we are actually making more money.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We do a lot of ice rentals and corporate events, and that is down 50%.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “Our demand has increased by 20% at least. This is the busiest summer ever here.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “There has been a slight decrease that was probably about 20%.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “That's difficult to determine. We're always able to fill our schedules. This year we're doing fine because we're always working, but the phone is not ringing as much and we're not turning people away due to lack of time like we used to. We're getting about half as many calls, but as far as getting work we're able to keep busy.” - Construction

Estimated average change in demand in the 12 months prior to surveyIndustry Number of

EmployersAvg. Change

(%)

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 18 17%Health Care & Social Assistance 17 1%Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 18 -11%Other 17 -12%Wholesale & Retail Trade 17 -14%Transportation & Warehousing 17 -15%Manufacturing 16 -19%Construction 17 -24%Mining & Oil & Gas 16 -26%Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 16 -28%Total 169 -13%Note: 169 employers were able to provide an estimated change in demand (including no change).Average does not include 32 employers that were not able to provide an estimated change in demand.


37 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “That's tricky because we're a very diversified company. In some areas there's been an increase and others a decrease. Overall, I would say demand has remained about the same.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We are an appointed, delegated and governed insurance council, so the overall interest in what we do has increased.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We have decreased by about a third.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “The demand has just shifted from some areas of the business to other areas.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We operate under a fee for service system. We will provide services up front and wait for payment for up to 90 days. We can do it immediately whereas others often cannot. For that reason, our demand has not been negatively impacted by the downturn.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We're an international non-profit, so demand has increased.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “The number of client referrals has increased, but we're limited in the amount we can take on. According to the government, we can't take on more people than we have been supporting in the past.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “The demand for employment applications coming here has increased, but the demand for our business services has not increased.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Our demand has greatly increased by about 30% as a direct result of the economic downturn.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Our company is global, so overall demand has stayed the same.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We are pretty oil dependent in our line of manufacturing, so we have seen a 50% decrease in demand.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Demand is 80% lower than it was last year.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're in oil and gas, so the demand is clearly down due to the oversupply of oil.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “There has been an increase in membership for sure, by about 9% over the past year. Our circulation stats have gone up along with that by about 10-15%.” - Other

‣ “Surprisingly, we have seen an increase of about 10%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Regionally we have decreased by at least 50%.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “During the last couple of years, we've been very, very slow. This year work has picked up and there's more interest in growth now. We have a fair amount of work in house and I'm hoping the upward trend continues.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services


38 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “In terms of work there has been a 60% decrease, and in terms of money there has been a 40% decrease.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “Liquor is recession proof, so demand has remained the same.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We're a hobby shop, so we're one of the last companies to get people's extra money.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “This is not necessarily a result of the economic downturn, but we have seen a 150% increase in demand. We sell products that ship across Canada and the world, so we haven't been affected negatively.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We have decreased by about 80%.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

About half of the employers reported they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the last 12 months to manage their business through the downturn.Overall, 51 per cent of employers said they have diversified their operations, clients, products, services or markets in the past year to manage their business through the downturn. Sixty-five per cent of the construction employers and 60 per cent of the manufacturing employers said they have diversified, compared to 35 per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing employers.

Comments‣ “We did a complete renovation of the

hotel.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We diversified our client base.” - Construction

‣ “There's always an adverse impact to our licensing business line if other employment opportunities aren't there. However there has been an increase in contact with our business, so we don't need to diversify.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We started to diversify before the downturn in order to fill the gap in services and because it just makes good economic sense to diversify.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “Closing our office in Calgary and allowing our Calgary employees to work from home were diversification strategies that resulted in massive savings to our bottom line.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have entered into new markets.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have focused on research and development to bring new products to the same markets.” - Manufacturing

35%$40%$45%$45%$52%$55%$55%$55%$60%$65%$

51%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Other$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$

TransportaMon$&$Warehousing$Professional,$ScienMfic$&$Tech.$

Manufacturing$ConstrucMon$

Total$

Has$your$company$diversified$in$the$last$12$months$to$manage$your$business$through$the$downturn?$

Yes$ No$


39 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have been in business for 30 years. We don't advertise beyond the yellow pages, google and our website because everyone already knows what we do. Our custom kitchen cabinets last and last. We've had repeated clients come back to us. We do work for high end homes for the most part. Word of mouth has been keeping us where we are.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have certainly started looking at other clients in other markets.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We have tried to diversify, with limited success.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “No. We diversified in the last 24 months but not in the last 12 months.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Overall, 56 per cent of employers have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.In response to the economic downturn, 56 per cent of employers reported they currently have a plan in place to diversify their operations beyond where they are today within the next two years. Seventy per cent of the construction and wholesale and retail trade employers reported they have a plan in place, compared to 40 per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and ‘other’ employers.Comments‣ “We have already done a little bit to

diversify, so we will build on that.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “With the current Canada/US dollar exchange rate, the economic downturn does affect our business. Therefore, we will continue to diversify.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Diversification will likely not take place in our office, but yes there will be diversification for the company as a whole.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Yes we will continue attempts to diversify, despite limited success with our diversification strategies so far.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “Yes to a degree. We are already quite diversified. What we are trying to do now is diversify further to a point, without spreading too thin.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

40%$40%$50%$55%$55%$57%$60%$65%$70%$70%$

56%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Other$Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Professional,$ScienHfic$&$Tech.$Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$TransportaHon$&$Warehousing$

Manufacturing$Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$

ConstrucHon$Total$

Is#there#a#plan#in#place#to#diversify#in#the#next#two#years?#

Yes$ No$


40 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Employers that have a plan will be diversifying in a variety of ways.Of the employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years (113 employers), 77 employers will be diversifying their products/services, 57 employers will be diversifying the types of their clients/customers, 26 employers will be diversifying the location of their clients/customers, and 6 employers will be adding additional locations. Forty-one of the employers that have a plan to diversify reported using more than one diversification strategy.Comments‣ “We will be seeking out new suppliers.” - Construction

‣ “We have merged with our parent company, so we're able to reach different clients and offer more services.” - Construction

‣ “We are expanding into Manitoba.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We are seeking out grants and alternative funding sources.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We are relying on expanding internationally.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We are employing new salespeople in Grande Prairie, Lloydminster and Fort McMurray.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We have started offering new products.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Our parent company is looking to expand internationally.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're investing in new technology.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We are opening an office in Cochrane.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “The expansion of our locations will take place in BC.” - Transportation & Warehousing

Overall, 24 of the 113 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely hire an estimated 72 people as a direct result of diversification planning.Of the 113 employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years, 24 employers said they are likely to hire additional people as a result of diversifying their business. The majority of the additional positions are in the transportation and warehousing, finance, insurance, real estate and leasing, and professional, scientific and technical services industries.

Overall, employers estimate they will likely hire an additional 72 people as part of their diversification plan. Additional details on future positions can be found in Appendix B.

3"

6"

26"

57"

77"

0" 20" 40" 60" 80"

Other"

Add"loca5ons"""

Diversify"loca5on"of"clients/customers""

Diversify"types"of"clients/customers"

Diversify"products/services""

Number'of'Employers'

How'is'your'company'planning'to'diversify?'


41 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Overall, 58 of the 113 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely refocus an estimated 387 existing staff to new activities. Of the 113 employers that have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years, 58 employers said they are likely to refocus an estimated 387 existing staff to new activities as a result of diversifying their business. In addition, of the 58 employers that are likely to refocus staff, 27 employers overall said their employees will likely require additional training as a result of refocusing.

Comments‣ “We are hiring a new marketing person and refocusing our other employees a bit.” - Construction

‣ “Yes, I will have existing staff working on the new product lines.” - Construction

‣ “All of our staff are now being integrated as a subsidiary of the parent company, so everyone is in the process of refocusing.” - Construction

‣ “We have hired someone specifically for marketing.” - Construction

Industry

Number of employers that have a plan to

diversify

Number of employers that plan to hire

Total future

positions

Transportation & Warehousing 12 5 22Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 8 3 18Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 11 5 12Manufacturing 13 3 9Other 8 2 4Construction 14 2 2Health Care & Social Assistance 11 2 2Wholesale & Retail Trade 14 1 2Mining & Oil & Gas 12 1 1Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 10 0 0Total 113 24 72

Are you likely to hire additional people as part of your diversification plan?

IndustryNumber of

employers that have a plan to

diversify

Number of employers that

will refocus employees

Total employees to refocus

Number of employers that

will require employee training

Wholesale & Retail Trade 14 8 55 4Construction 14 8 54 3Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 11 8 50 5Manufacturing 13 8 49 2Transportation & Warehousing 12 6 34 4Health Care & Social Assistance 11 6 27 4Other 8 5 59 1Mining & Oil & Gas 12 3 39 2Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 10 3 15 0Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 8 3 5 2Total 113 58 387 27

Are you likely to refocus existing employees to new activities? Will employees need training as a result?


42 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have started focusing on hiring people of different backgrounds. We are looking for people with previous construction knowledge more than we are looking for that property management knowledge.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “We will be hiring about 15 investment brokers over the next two years.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “It's possible we will hire more addictions counsellors into new roles.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We got a grant to put together a program, so people will refocus. There is some train the trainer we're part of before we can take it into the marketplace.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We will be hiring at least 3 new salespeople in 3 new cities. We are constantly refocusing and training staff, whether the economy is good or bad.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We will be hiring 5 operators. Everybody has to be able to work in various roles around the plant.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We all will refocus our activities to the products that are more in demand.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Yes, we have done a little of refocusing, but for the most part the diversification will be just introducing new product lines and models.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We will do a little of both, hiring and refocusing.” - Manufacturing

‣ “I don't think we will be hiring in the near term. Some of our employees are refocusing to work on the newer products.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We are looking to get budget approval to hire on another librarian. Otherwise, we have just been refocusing specific roles with our existing staff.” - Other

‣ “We are actually looking at products that require less manpower as a way to bring our operating costs down.” - Other

‣ “We will be hiring an aerospace consultant and a defense consultant so we can bid on different contracts.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Yes, we've been refocusing by moving our staff from permanent to contract employment.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “Yes, we will be hiring 6 new marketing managers to address our diversification needs.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “People will need more training as we start refocusing them because we are offering more new products and services.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We will be hiring new drivers, but the number depends on how many new customers we can pick up throughout our diversification.” - Transportation & Warehousing


43 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We took on a new aviation training program, so we will be hiring 3 new trainers as well as refocusing 3 other staff.” - Transportation & Warehousing

‣ “We are looking at employee training and management strategies that will lead towards refocusing of at least 2 staff.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We are making the diversification change using 4 of our existing internal staff, not new hires.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

‣ “We are hiring for 2 technical salespeople as a result of diversification.” - Wholesale & Retail Trade

Overall, 44 per cent of employers do not have a plan in place to diversify operations beyond where they are today within the next two years.In response to the economic downturn, 44 per cent of employers reported they currently do not have a plan in place to diversify their operations beyond where they are today within the next two years. Sixty per cent of the finance, insurance, real estate and leasing and ‘other’ employers reported they do not have a plan in place, compared to 30 per cent of the construction and wholesale and retail trade employers.

There are several reasons employers do not have a plan in place to diversify.Of the employers that do not have a plan in place to diversify within the next two years (88 employers), 70 per cent or 62 employers said they do not have a plan because oil prices and the economic downturn do not affect their business. Eleven employers said oil prices and the economic downturn affect their business, but there is nothing they can do to diversify.

30%$

30%$

35%$

40%$

43%$

45%$

45%$

50%$

60%$

60%$

44%$

0%$ 20%$ 40%$ 60%$ 80%$ 100%$

Wholesale$&$Retail$Trade$

Construc=on$

Manufacturing$

Transporta=on$&$Warehousing$

Mining$&$Oil$&$Gas$

Professional,$Scien=fic$&$Tech.$

Health$Care$&$Social$Assistance$

Accomm.$&$Food/Arts$&$Ent.$

Other$

Fin.,$Insur.,$Real$Est.$&$Leasing$

Total$

Is#there#a#plan#in#place#to#diversify#in#the#next#two#years?#

No$ Yes$

Reasons employers do not have a plan in place to diversify over the next two years # of Employers

Oil prices and the economic downturn do not affect our business 62Oil prices and the economic downturn affect our business but there is nothing we can do to diversify 11It is important for our business but we have not done anything to put a plan together to diversify at this point 5That is a management/head office decision 4We are considering putting together a plan to diversify but have not started 3Diversification was not due to the economic downturn 2We have finished diversifying for now 1Total 88


44 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Comments‣ “Diversification doesn't really apply to us because we're a community curling club. That's all we do

and all we can do based on our lease with the City of Calgary.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “We will just continue to do what we do best. I am the owner and I plan to retire in a few years anyway.” - Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment

‣ “No. We're achieving our goal of maintaining our business by keeping our current clients happy.” - Construction

‣ “We have been unable as of yet to get into alternative markets to the current services that we provide.” - Construction

‣ “No, but we are looking at putting a plan in place.” - Construction

‣ “We are regulated by the Alberta Securities Commission. This makes any diversification more onerous for our business. There's nothing we can do to help the situation so the economy keeps damaging our business.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “No, we don't have a business plan to manage through the downturn. We don't need one tailored for that reason. We've been affected positively by the economic downturn.” - Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing

‣ “Not yet, although we do have some ideas we're thinking of putting into place in the next year.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We're a medical clinic, so the demand is always there.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We're operating in the same manner we have for 22 years and demand for our services continues to increase.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We can't increase the number of clients because the government has put a limit on how many we can take. Although the demand is there, we can't diversify to meet those needs.” - Health Care & Social Assistance

‣ “We do custom work, so we are already pretty diversified. Our products meet the needs of our customers because they're designed to their specifications.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We can't diversify because we don't have the resources to do so. Right now, our cash flow all goes to government.” - Manufacturing

‣ “We diversified before the economic downturn.” - Manufacturing

‣ “Hopefully we continue to get work coming in. We have five huge jobs coming up. It's getting harder to find clients because people want quotes from various contractors but they don't realize that the quality of our materials is higher which influences our price.” - Manufacturing


45 EMPLOYER SURVEY

‣ “We have had a business plan for 6 years and we developed the diversification strategies we're using today at least 1-2 years in advance. Our business plan is not a result of the economic downturn, it's a result of good business decision making. Perhaps if more companies developed business plans, then more would still be in business. We will continue to work on our business plan and adjust it on an annual basis, but that won't be a result of the economic downturn.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're too small to diversify.” - Mining & Oil & Gas

‣ “We're registry specialists, so the services we provide are regulated by governments. There's just not much we could do to diversify.” - Other

‣ “The Canadian government is actually our biggest client. The economic downturn hasn't affected our contracts at all.” - Other

‣ “We have very specialized work, which makes diversification difficult.” - Other

‣ “We have no diversification plan because of what we do. We care for children and families, so there's not a lot of diversification opportunities to incorporate into our business model.” - Other

‣ “Our company has been around for over 40 years and I don't think there's a lot we could do to change.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services

‣ “We only do one thing and we do it well.” - Professional, Scientific & Technical Services


46 EMPLOYER SURVEY

Appendix A: Survey Methodology

The Q3 2016 Calgary and Area Employer Survey is based on responses to a telephone questionnaire conducted in July, August and September 2016 of Calgary and area employers with 10 - 49 employees (small-sized employers). Following are the number of respondents from each industry sector.

Industry Number of Respondents

Mining & Oil & Gas 21Construction 20Manufacturing 20Wholesale & Retail Trade 20Transportation & Warehousing 20Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 20Health Care & Social Assistance 20Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 20Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 20Other 20Total 201

The ‘Other’ industry category includes a variety of employers from the remainder of the industry categories: Agriculture, Utilities, Information & Culture, Management of Companies, Administrative & Support Services, Educational Services, Other Services and Public Administration.

It should be noted that the method of sample selection provides a good cross-section of opinion. Nevertheless, given the size of the sample, the statistical reliability of the survey is limited, particularly when the data is reported by industry. The value of this survey, however, goes beyond the data captured by the questionnaire. The telephone interview allows companies to expand on their responses, which provides invaluable information and comments that cannot be measured quantitatively.


APPENDIX ASurvey Methodology

47

Appendix B: Employer Survey Occupation Results

Twenty-five per cent of the employers laid off approximately 236 workers in the three months prior to their survey.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Number of Layoffs

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 6513 Food and beverage servers 4 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 2

Subtotal 6 Construction 7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers 3

7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers 3 2131 Civil engineers 2 2234 Construction estimators 2 2251 Architectural technologists and technicians 2 7251 Plumbers 2 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 1 6552 Customer service, information and related clerks 1 7241 Electricians (except industrial and power system) 1

Subtotal 17 Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1112 Financial and investment analysts 2

1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 2 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 1

Subtotal 5 Health Care & Social Assistance 4153 Family, marriage and other related counsellors 1

Subtotal 1 Manufacturing 9619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 7

7231 Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors 4 7233 Sheet metal workers 2 1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 1 2141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 1 9217 Supervisors, textile processing 1 9522 Motor vehicle assemblers, inspectors and testers 1 9614 Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing 1

Subtotal 18 Mining & Oil & Gas 8232 Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers 102

1211 Supervisors, general office and administrative support clerks 20 4161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers 6 2145 Petroleum engineers 1

Subtotal 129 Other 4214 Early childhood educators and assistants 2

714 Facility operation and maintenance managers 1 4163 Business development officers and marketing researchers and consultants 1 4215 Instructors and teachers of persons with disabilities 1

Sub Total 5 Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2154 Land surveyors 7

1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 4 2261 Non-destructive testers and inspectors 4 1122 Professional occupations in business services to management 3 1111 Financial auditors and accountants 1

Subtotal 19 Transportation & Warehousing 7514 Delivery and courier service drivers 8

1221 Administrative officers 3 7511 Truck drivers 2 1411 General office support workers 1 7315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 1

Subtotal 15 Wholesale & Retail Trade 6421 Retail salespersons 8

6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 7 1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 3 1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 1 1522 Storekeepers and parts clerks 1 7445 Other repairers and servicers 1

Subtotal 21 Grand Total 236


APPENDIX BEmployer Survey Occupation Results

48

Twenty-two per cent of the employers had a total of 105 vacant positions that needed to be filled.

NOC Code Occupation Vacant Positions

6731 Light duty cleaners 117511 Truck drivers 111111 Financial auditors and accountants 66525 Hotel front desk clerks 66711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 66221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 52141 Industrial and manufacturing engineers 46532 Outdoor sport and recreational guides 47272 Cabinetmakers 4124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 3

1241 Secretaries (except legal and medical) 34212 Community and social service workers 37514 Delivery and courier service drivers 31123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 22282 User support technicians 24156 Employment counsellors 24214 Early childhood educators and assistants 24216 Other instructors 25111 Librarians 26513 Food and beverage servers 27315 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors 2

Note: Only occupations with 2 or more vacancies are shown.


49 APPENDIX B

Employers anticipate employment in their company will decrease by a net 68 positions over the next three months.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Net Change in Employment

Accommodation & Food Services/Arts & Entertainment 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related occupations 116722 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport 28612 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers -36731 Light duty cleaners -76525 Hotel front desk clerks -86513 Food and beverage servers -47

Subtotal -52Construction 7241 Electricians (except industrial and power system) 4

2131 Civil engineers 1 7441 Residential and commercial installers and servicers -47611 Construction trades helpers and labourers -9

Subtotal -8Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 6231 Insurance agents and brokers 1

Subtotal 1 Health Care & Social Assistance 1414 Receptionists and switchboard operators 1

Subtotal 1 Manufacturing 9614 Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing 5

6421 Retail salespersons 29619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities -3

Subtotal 4Mining & Oil & Gas 8232 Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers 3

2113 Geologists, geochemists and geophysicists -14161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers -6

Subtotal -4Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 2112 Chemists 5

124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 22282 User support technicians 21221 Administrative officers 11223 Personnel and recruitment officers 1

Not specified -12251 Architectural technologists and technicians -22232 Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians -24

Subtotal -16Transportation & Warehousing 7321 Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers 6

7511 Truck drivers 2 7622 Railway and motor transport labourers 1

Subtotal 9 Wholesale & Retail Trade 7535 Automotive mechanical installers and servicers 5

1522 Storekeepers and parts clerks 46221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 37381 Printing press operators -17452 Material handlers -26421 Retail salespersons -46611 Cashiers -8

Subtotal -3Grand Total -68

Note: Some employers did not specify which occupations.


50 APPENDIX B

Overall, 24 of the 113 employers that have a plan to diversify will likely hire an estimated 72 people as a direct result of diversification planning.

Industry NOC Code Occupation Future Positions

Construction 1123 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations 2Subtotal 2

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Leasing 1113 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers 151224 Property administrators 26231 Insurance agents and brokers 1

Subtotal 18Health Care & Social Assistance 4153 Family, marriage and other related counsellors 1

4212 Community and social service workers 1Subtotal 2

Manufacturing 9461 Process control and machine operators, food and beverage processing 56421 Retail salespersons 39619 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 1

Subtotal 9Mining & Oil & Gas 4161 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers 1

Subtotal 1Other 4212 Community and social service workers 3

5111 Librarians 1Subtotal 4

Professional, Scientific & Technical Services 124 Sales, marketing and advertising managers 61111 Financial auditors and accountants 21121 Specialists in human resources 12112 Chemists 12146 Aerospace engineers 14169 Other professional occupations in social science, n.e.c. 1

Subtotal 12Transportation & Warehousing 7511 Truck drivers 11

7321 Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers 62271 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors 37514 Delivery and courier service drivers 17622 Railway and motor transport labourers 1

Subtotal 22Wholesale & Retail Trade 6221 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade 2

Subtotal 2Grand Total 72


51 APPENDIX B

calgary and area labour market report 2016 - …...calgary and area labour market - 2016 q3 report 2...

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