by espie butch joyce - eaa vintage members...
TRANSCRIPT
STRAIGHT AND LEVEL
2 EAA AIRVENTURE 2000 VAA AWARDS
3 VAA NEWS
4 AEROMAIL
5 THIRTY FIVE YEARS AT THE OUTER
MARKER Dutch Redfield
9 PASS IT TO BUCKlEE Buck Hilbert
10 YUKON TREASUREJohn Underwood
18 YUKON GOLDjohn Underwood
22 FORCED LANDING ATTITUDE
Denis M Arbeau
24 MYSTERY PLANEHG Frautschy
27 CALENDAR
28 WELCOME NEW MEMBERS
29 CLASSIFIEDS
wwwvintageaircraftorg
Publisher
Editor-ill-Chief
Executive Director Editor
Executive Editor
Contributing Editors
ArtIPhoto Layout
Photography Staff
AdvertisingEditorial Assistant
TOM POBEREZNY
scon SPANGLER
HENRY G FRAUTSCHY
MIKE DIFRISCO
JOHN UNDERWOOD BUDD DAVISSON
BETH BLANCK
JIM KOEPNICK LEEANN ABRAMS MARK SCHAIBLE
ISABELLE WISKE
SEE PAGE 32 FOR FURTHER VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INFORMATION
s by ESPIE BUTCH JOYCE
PRESIDENT VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION
NEW AIRVENTURE DATES FOR 2001 Thoughts on Fly-Ins
Following up on suggestions made in 1999 and after surshyveying members and volunteers during the past AirVenture it has been decided to shift the dates for AirVenture by one day making it now a Tuesday through Monday event In 2001 EAA AirVenture will take place Tuesday July 24th through Monday July 30th Based on the feedback we received the new schedule should better accommodate volunteers guests and vendors
Im looking forward to the change in the AirVenture schedshyule As a member and volunteer who attends the entire event it will make it easier to plan our trip and give us plenty of time to work our way home after AirVenture
AirVenture 2000 is now part of this past summers memshyories and we sure had a great time Were you there in Oshkosh Lots of fun a little rain cool temperatures and great airplanes and airplane people all added up to a wonshyderful week
Total attendance was down a bit for the event and there may have been a number of reasons Gas prices and the weather while generally good in the upper Midwest was poor for some people trying to fly in during the early part of AirshyVenture Quality seems to be the hallmark of the airplanes that did make it here in our area and those of the homebuilt warshybirds and ultralight airplanes It was quite a week
We had about the same amount of airplanes in our area with a marked increase in Contemporary airplanes While we were down on Antique airplanes the judges told me that the airplanes we had were of outstanding quality
Ill have plenty more to write about concerning the 2000 edition of AirVenture in next months column
I was reading an article in the Summer 2000 issue of Sportsshyman Pilot magazine and Id like to share it with you Jack Cox publisher and editor of this wonderful quarterly magazine wrote about V AA chapter 3s efforts to increase attendance at their fly-ins Weve all noticed that people dont seem to stay at fly-ins as long as they used to Weve all wondered why and as usual Jack has skewered the truth With his permission heres what Jack wrote
II bull bullbull This is a problem facing fly-ins all over the country today lilt appears that it is not a matter ofa lessening of interest in
homebuilts and vintage airaaft but rather that there aresimply so many more activities competing for peoples time these days The times they are indeed a changin-and all ofus have to cope as best we can
For us diehard enthusiasts who will never give up our love for avishyation and the kindred spirits who share our affliction it was business as usual however The same little groups were to be found sitting under wings taking airplanes or out wandering up and down the parking lines admiring the showplanes and talking to their ownshyers For us little changes - we just keep enjoying the same 01 same 01 year after year There are always newly built or newly restored airplanes to pique our interest and an occasional newcomer to take into the fold but how much has really changed in the past halfcenshytury sinceEAA VAA and AAA were formed
Maybe thats really the crux of the matter With all the dramatic and often traumatic upheavals weve seen in our way oflife in the past halfcentury perhaps it should not be surprising that there is a certain comfort level in being able to sit down under an airplane wing occasionally and ramble on about our favorite things with someone who feels the same way about them we do The older we get I think the more we tend to appreciate such simple pleasures and in the context ofour current ever-mare-frenetic world just how precious and inevitably transitory they really are
There is one cold hard fact of life in all this we have to acknowlshyedge though There is not now and there never will be again a generation that has the same passion for aviation that those of us have who were born in roughly the first halfofthe 20th century We grew up at a time when being a pilot was the most exciting heroic thing a person could do-a time before astronauts rock stars and dotcom instant billionaires When we open our hangar doors and see our airplanes waiting there we experience emotions based on memories attitudes and experiences that are ofa different time and a different cultural context We cant expect younger enthusiasts to see the world and aviation precisely the same way we do so if it is the fate ofour sport aviation world to be inaeasingly caught up in a struggle by competing interests for everyones time we simshyply have to roll with the punches Those ofus who are so inclined can still go to the fly-ins early and stay as late as we please and those who can only spare a day in their schedule can do that Theres really nothing to be gained by getting worked up over the sitshyuation - lets just all enjoy whatever time we can spend together whether its a weekend a day or just a few hours
Enjoying time spent together-isnt that the pOint more ofshyten than not Think back to your favorite fly-in memories If youre like me Ill bet the best part about it was the friend you saw or the old buddy you hadnt seen in years
Ask a friend to join the Vintage Aircraft Association Reshymember we are better together Join us and have it all
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1
EAA AIRVENTURE 2000 VAA AWARDS
ANTIQUE
GRAND CHAMPION John Swander De Soto KS Waco UEC (NCI2471)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Densel Williams Jackson MI Aeronca Chief (NX22378)
SPECIAL AWARD - JUDGES CHOICE Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Doushyglas DC-3-G202A (N28341)
CHAMPION - CUSTOMIZED AIRshyCRAFT Richard Ash Piffard NY Waco UPF-7 (NC29303)
RUNNER UP Mark Gulbrandson Prior Lake MN Waco UPF-7 (N39748)
OUTSTANDING Charles Davis Washington Island WI Waco YQC-6 (NCI6009)
CHAMPION - TRANSPORT CATEshyGORY Greg Herrick Jackson WY Stinson Trishymotor (N11153)
TRANSPORT RUNNER UP Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Travel Air 6000 (NC8878)
CHAMPION REPLICA AIRCRAFT Jim amp Drew Jenkins Waquoit MA Gee Bee E (NC856Y)
REPLICA AIRCRAFT RUNNER UP Roy Redman Faribault MN Waco Tashyperwing (NX5HX)
CHAMPION WWII MILITARY TRAINER OR LIAISON AIRCRAFT Ken Barnes San Leandro CA Stinson L-5E (N31858)
WWII ERA (1942-1945) CHAMPION WORLD WAR II ERA 1943-1945 Jim Jones Newton lA Meyers OTW (N34323)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT BIPLANE Dan Haas Galesburg IL Boeing A75N1 (N40lDB)
RUNNER UP Mark Haag Houston TX Boeing E75 Stearman (N99AN)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE Archie Lane Cypress CA Beech D17S (N67736)
CHAMPION SILVER AGE (1928-1932) Jack Tiffany Spring Valley OH Davis D1W (NC854N)
BRONZE AGE (1933-1941) CHAMPION BRONZE AGE (1933shy1941) Kent and Sandy Blankenburg Groveshyland CA Lockheed 12A (N99K)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT MONOPLANE Max Davis Waconia MN Stinson Reshyliant SR-6A (NCI5 127)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT MONOPLANE William Rose Barrington IL Ryan ST-A Special (N17368)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE William Nutting Prescott AZ Waco SRE (N1252W)
RUNNER UP David Stark Weatherford TX Stinson SR-9F (NI8425)
CLASSIC
GRAND CHAMPION Thomas J Hammer and David Liebeshygott Clearfie ld PA Piper j3C-65 (N6697H)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Michael Greenblatt Midland GA Twin Beech D-18S (N2913B)
BEST CLASS I (0-80 HP) James Zangger Cedar Rapids lA Tayshylorcraft BCl2D (NC94953)
BEST CLASS II (81-150 HP) Sydney Cohen Wausau WI Ercoupe 4150 (N94196)
BEST CLASS III (151 -235 HP) Mark Ohlinger Akron OH Bellanca 14-13-2 (N86937)
BEST CLASS IV 236 HP amp UP Charles Luigs Bandera TX Cessna 195 (N9836A)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS A Carol Cansdale Eden Prairie MN Piper J-3 (N7072H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS B Ellis Clark Bath MI Piper J-3 (N6615H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS C Hal Cope Spring TX Globe Swift GC1B (N3303K)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS D Ronald Judy Gate OK Navion (N8915H)
BEST AERONCA CHAMP Melvin Vorbach Romney WV 7EC (N4306C)
BEST AERONCA CHIEF Wilbur Hostetler Marion IN llAC Chief (NC9659E)
BEST BEECHCRAFT W Roberts Fremont CA Beech C35 (N1808D)
BEST CESSNA 120140 Robert Lidster Mesquite TX C-140 (NI872V)
BEST CESSNA 170180 Paul Applegate Queen City MO Cshy170B (N2548D)
BEST CESSNA 190195 Ron Karwacky Riverside CA C-195 (N3089B)
2 SEPTEMBER 2000
BEST ERCOUPE Alan Cuthbert Dowagiac MI 415-C (N93512)
BEST LUSCOMBE jerry Cox Mattoon IL 8F (N1947B)
BESTNAVION Andrew Woodside Pickerrington OH (N4448K)
BEST PIPERJ-3 William Hogan North Little Rock AR j3C-65 (N92611 )
BEST PIPER OTHER Curtis Cumberland Woodbine MD PA-20 Pacer (N7403K)
BEST STINSON William Smith Long Beach CA 108-1 (N97979)
BESTSWIFf Duane Golding Marion TX Globe B (N80626)
BEST TAYLORCRAFT john Knight jackson Ml BC12-D (N96035)
BEST LIMITED PRODUCTION Duane Peters Anchorage AK DeHavilshyland Beaver (N73Q)
CONTEMPORARY GRAND CHAMPION Steve Koshar Coloma MI Cessna 172 (N3626L)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION john Morriso Collierville TN Bellanca 14-19-3 (N8856R)
OUTSTANDING CUSTOMIZED Ronnie Cox Newnan GA Piper Coshymanche 250 (N7930P)
OUTSTANDING IN TYPE BEECH SINGLE ENGINE Thomas Schoder Modesto CA Beech Bonanza H-35 (N5487D)
BEECH MULTI-ENGINE Cody Welch Linden MI Beech H-18 (N6000M)
CESSNA 1 70 1721 75 Charles Papas Crown POint IN Cessna 172 (N7612T)
CESSNA 180182210 john Voninski Manlius NY Cessna 182 (N2435G)
CESSNA 310 Leonard Rennie Glenn Dale MD Cessna 310 (N31OjT)
PIPER PA-22 TRI PACER j DAmico Mount Airy MD PA-22 (N7455D)
PIPER PA-24 COMANCHE Clifton Davis Elida OH PA-24 (N5271P)
UNIQUE AIRCRAFT Bob Luskin Long Beach CA Cessna 175 taildragger (N9300B)
LIMITED PRODUCTION jack Arthur Des Moines lA Forney (Ershycoupe) (N3044G)
CUSTOM CLASS I SINGLE ENGINE (0 -160 hp) james Douglass Kennedyville MD PA 2022 (150 hp) (N6043D)
CUSTOM CLASS II SINGLE ENGINE (23 1 HP amp HIGHER) David Bennet Colorado Springs CO Cessna 21O-B (N21OEA)
CLASS IV MULTI ENGINE jim Simmons Nashville TN PA-23 (N3294P)
SEAPLANE AWARDS
GRAND CHAMPION Mark Taylor Riverdale IN Grumman Widgeon G44A (N350GW)
OUTSTANDING METAL Craig Burggraf Grand Rapids MN Cessna 180j (N410CE)
OUTSTANDING FABRIC FLOAT PLANE Steve Petrich Mound MN Aeronca 7AC (N84609)
VAANEWS compiled by HG Frautschy
GRASSROOTS GATHERING TOUR
Tom Poberezny President and Chief Executive Officer of EAA is taking his message to fellow EAA members this fall with a six-stop Grassroots Gathering Tour Folshylowing the success of the spring meetings held in Wheeling Illinois and Fairfax Virginia additional gathshyerings have been scheduled for the following dates Monday September 25th Arlington Texas Tuesday Sepshytember 27th Dallas Texas Tuesday October 17th San Jose California Wednesday October 18th Long Beach California Tuesday Novemshyber 14th Tampa Florida Wedshynesday November 15th Orlando Florida
Exact times and locations for the gatherings are still being determined For the latest information check EAAs web site at wwweaaorg
If youve wanted to find out more about EAA programs and services EAAs position on key issues or you wanted to ask questions or give feedshyback to EAA president Tom Poberezny the Grassroots gatherings are your opportunity to do so We look forward to seeing you there
THE COVERS FRONT COVER The Fokker Universal restored by Clark Seaborn for the Western Canada Aviation Museums collection is a faithful reminder of CF-AAMs days as a working bush airplane in Canadas interior EAA photo by Jim Koepnick shot with a Canon EOS1 nequipped with an 80-220 mm lens on 100 ASA Fuji Provia slide film EAA Cessna 210 photo plane flown by Bruce Moore
BACK COVER The Fokker Universal was designed specifically for the North American market by Robert Noorduynand was built by the Atlantic Aircraft CompanyThe cabin accommodated four fare-paying passengers The 1928 model had an enclosed pilots cockshypit and increased horsepower John Underwood collection
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3
PIPER 0 WINDOWS
Dear HG Sometimes an obvious simple
mechanical cure isnt what it seems to be Reference your page Type Club Notes in the August 2000 isshysue of Vintage Airplane Clyde Smith ]r advocates drilling a hole in the bottom of D type side windows in all Piper taildraggers to prevent rustshying in the lower window channel If this is done a more serious long range problem will develop as the water will drip or flow on the inside of the fabric down to the lower longerons and flow to the aft end of the tail hence rusting out this imshyportant structural member
A more positive cure for this problem is to initially set the plexishyglass window in a butyl rubber compound when affixing the winshydow aft in the channel This compound which comes in strips (Th e example sent measured 716xl16-Editor) is easily gotten at a local plate glass window store for literally pennies The product is lishyable at all temperatures never hardens and is guaranteed for 20 years I used this compound when setting all the plexiglass windows on Miss Pearl and no leaks have deshyveloped since installation
Another helpful hint is to use wooden cuticle orange sticks to trim the excess rubber around the marshygins of the windows to prevent scratching of the plexiglass (Walshymart has this item ) I would not advise a silicone rubber application as it will cement the window in place
4 SEPTEMBER 2000
and it will be very difficult to extract the window at a later date Please point these suggestions out to the Piper taildragger own ers as our planes must have a safe longevity in order to stay in the air without strucshytural problems
Frank Sperandeo III Piper N3383A Fayetteville AR
THE END OF THE MV-1 STAR FLIGHT
Greetings I just received m y August
Vintage Airplane and was amazed that the aircraft piCshytured on page 8 was the airplane that I had taken piCshytures of in May of 1993
While traveling on vacashytion in the lower Louisiana
area I saw a sign with directions to the Wedell-Williams museum I am one of those who has to check out all aviation museums and airfields You never know what you might find at one of these places
The enclosed photos will show what I found at the museum in Patshyterson Louisiana What a mess The aircraft was in such a state that it was difficult to tell what kind it was
Best Wishes Brooks Lovelace ]r Albany GA
The one and only Monsted-Vincent MV-1 Star Flight was badly damaged by hurricane Andrew in 1992
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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John - retired
Air Force pilot current
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Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
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business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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Member call
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
s by ESPIE BUTCH JOYCE
PRESIDENT VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION
NEW AIRVENTURE DATES FOR 2001 Thoughts on Fly-Ins
Following up on suggestions made in 1999 and after surshyveying members and volunteers during the past AirVenture it has been decided to shift the dates for AirVenture by one day making it now a Tuesday through Monday event In 2001 EAA AirVenture will take place Tuesday July 24th through Monday July 30th Based on the feedback we received the new schedule should better accommodate volunteers guests and vendors
Im looking forward to the change in the AirVenture schedshyule As a member and volunteer who attends the entire event it will make it easier to plan our trip and give us plenty of time to work our way home after AirVenture
AirVenture 2000 is now part of this past summers memshyories and we sure had a great time Were you there in Oshkosh Lots of fun a little rain cool temperatures and great airplanes and airplane people all added up to a wonshyderful week
Total attendance was down a bit for the event and there may have been a number of reasons Gas prices and the weather while generally good in the upper Midwest was poor for some people trying to fly in during the early part of AirshyVenture Quality seems to be the hallmark of the airplanes that did make it here in our area and those of the homebuilt warshybirds and ultralight airplanes It was quite a week
We had about the same amount of airplanes in our area with a marked increase in Contemporary airplanes While we were down on Antique airplanes the judges told me that the airplanes we had were of outstanding quality
Ill have plenty more to write about concerning the 2000 edition of AirVenture in next months column
I was reading an article in the Summer 2000 issue of Sportsshyman Pilot magazine and Id like to share it with you Jack Cox publisher and editor of this wonderful quarterly magazine wrote about V AA chapter 3s efforts to increase attendance at their fly-ins Weve all noticed that people dont seem to stay at fly-ins as long as they used to Weve all wondered why and as usual Jack has skewered the truth With his permission heres what Jack wrote
II bull bullbull This is a problem facing fly-ins all over the country today lilt appears that it is not a matter ofa lessening of interest in
homebuilts and vintage airaaft but rather that there aresimply so many more activities competing for peoples time these days The times they are indeed a changin-and all ofus have to cope as best we can
For us diehard enthusiasts who will never give up our love for avishyation and the kindred spirits who share our affliction it was business as usual however The same little groups were to be found sitting under wings taking airplanes or out wandering up and down the parking lines admiring the showplanes and talking to their ownshyers For us little changes - we just keep enjoying the same 01 same 01 year after year There are always newly built or newly restored airplanes to pique our interest and an occasional newcomer to take into the fold but how much has really changed in the past halfcenshytury sinceEAA VAA and AAA were formed
Maybe thats really the crux of the matter With all the dramatic and often traumatic upheavals weve seen in our way oflife in the past halfcentury perhaps it should not be surprising that there is a certain comfort level in being able to sit down under an airplane wing occasionally and ramble on about our favorite things with someone who feels the same way about them we do The older we get I think the more we tend to appreciate such simple pleasures and in the context ofour current ever-mare-frenetic world just how precious and inevitably transitory they really are
There is one cold hard fact of life in all this we have to acknowlshyedge though There is not now and there never will be again a generation that has the same passion for aviation that those of us have who were born in roughly the first halfofthe 20th century We grew up at a time when being a pilot was the most exciting heroic thing a person could do-a time before astronauts rock stars and dotcom instant billionaires When we open our hangar doors and see our airplanes waiting there we experience emotions based on memories attitudes and experiences that are ofa different time and a different cultural context We cant expect younger enthusiasts to see the world and aviation precisely the same way we do so if it is the fate ofour sport aviation world to be inaeasingly caught up in a struggle by competing interests for everyones time we simshyply have to roll with the punches Those ofus who are so inclined can still go to the fly-ins early and stay as late as we please and those who can only spare a day in their schedule can do that Theres really nothing to be gained by getting worked up over the sitshyuation - lets just all enjoy whatever time we can spend together whether its a weekend a day or just a few hours
Enjoying time spent together-isnt that the pOint more ofshyten than not Think back to your favorite fly-in memories If youre like me Ill bet the best part about it was the friend you saw or the old buddy you hadnt seen in years
Ask a friend to join the Vintage Aircraft Association Reshymember we are better together Join us and have it all
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1
EAA AIRVENTURE 2000 VAA AWARDS
ANTIQUE
GRAND CHAMPION John Swander De Soto KS Waco UEC (NCI2471)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Densel Williams Jackson MI Aeronca Chief (NX22378)
SPECIAL AWARD - JUDGES CHOICE Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Doushyglas DC-3-G202A (N28341)
CHAMPION - CUSTOMIZED AIRshyCRAFT Richard Ash Piffard NY Waco UPF-7 (NC29303)
RUNNER UP Mark Gulbrandson Prior Lake MN Waco UPF-7 (N39748)
OUTSTANDING Charles Davis Washington Island WI Waco YQC-6 (NCI6009)
CHAMPION - TRANSPORT CATEshyGORY Greg Herrick Jackson WY Stinson Trishymotor (N11153)
TRANSPORT RUNNER UP Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Travel Air 6000 (NC8878)
CHAMPION REPLICA AIRCRAFT Jim amp Drew Jenkins Waquoit MA Gee Bee E (NC856Y)
REPLICA AIRCRAFT RUNNER UP Roy Redman Faribault MN Waco Tashyperwing (NX5HX)
CHAMPION WWII MILITARY TRAINER OR LIAISON AIRCRAFT Ken Barnes San Leandro CA Stinson L-5E (N31858)
WWII ERA (1942-1945) CHAMPION WORLD WAR II ERA 1943-1945 Jim Jones Newton lA Meyers OTW (N34323)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT BIPLANE Dan Haas Galesburg IL Boeing A75N1 (N40lDB)
RUNNER UP Mark Haag Houston TX Boeing E75 Stearman (N99AN)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE Archie Lane Cypress CA Beech D17S (N67736)
CHAMPION SILVER AGE (1928-1932) Jack Tiffany Spring Valley OH Davis D1W (NC854N)
BRONZE AGE (1933-1941) CHAMPION BRONZE AGE (1933shy1941) Kent and Sandy Blankenburg Groveshyland CA Lockheed 12A (N99K)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT MONOPLANE Max Davis Waconia MN Stinson Reshyliant SR-6A (NCI5 127)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT MONOPLANE William Rose Barrington IL Ryan ST-A Special (N17368)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE William Nutting Prescott AZ Waco SRE (N1252W)
RUNNER UP David Stark Weatherford TX Stinson SR-9F (NI8425)
CLASSIC
GRAND CHAMPION Thomas J Hammer and David Liebeshygott Clearfie ld PA Piper j3C-65 (N6697H)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Michael Greenblatt Midland GA Twin Beech D-18S (N2913B)
BEST CLASS I (0-80 HP) James Zangger Cedar Rapids lA Tayshylorcraft BCl2D (NC94953)
BEST CLASS II (81-150 HP) Sydney Cohen Wausau WI Ercoupe 4150 (N94196)
BEST CLASS III (151 -235 HP) Mark Ohlinger Akron OH Bellanca 14-13-2 (N86937)
BEST CLASS IV 236 HP amp UP Charles Luigs Bandera TX Cessna 195 (N9836A)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS A Carol Cansdale Eden Prairie MN Piper J-3 (N7072H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS B Ellis Clark Bath MI Piper J-3 (N6615H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS C Hal Cope Spring TX Globe Swift GC1B (N3303K)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS D Ronald Judy Gate OK Navion (N8915H)
BEST AERONCA CHAMP Melvin Vorbach Romney WV 7EC (N4306C)
BEST AERONCA CHIEF Wilbur Hostetler Marion IN llAC Chief (NC9659E)
BEST BEECHCRAFT W Roberts Fremont CA Beech C35 (N1808D)
BEST CESSNA 120140 Robert Lidster Mesquite TX C-140 (NI872V)
BEST CESSNA 170180 Paul Applegate Queen City MO Cshy170B (N2548D)
BEST CESSNA 190195 Ron Karwacky Riverside CA C-195 (N3089B)
2 SEPTEMBER 2000
BEST ERCOUPE Alan Cuthbert Dowagiac MI 415-C (N93512)
BEST LUSCOMBE jerry Cox Mattoon IL 8F (N1947B)
BESTNAVION Andrew Woodside Pickerrington OH (N4448K)
BEST PIPERJ-3 William Hogan North Little Rock AR j3C-65 (N92611 )
BEST PIPER OTHER Curtis Cumberland Woodbine MD PA-20 Pacer (N7403K)
BEST STINSON William Smith Long Beach CA 108-1 (N97979)
BESTSWIFf Duane Golding Marion TX Globe B (N80626)
BEST TAYLORCRAFT john Knight jackson Ml BC12-D (N96035)
BEST LIMITED PRODUCTION Duane Peters Anchorage AK DeHavilshyland Beaver (N73Q)
CONTEMPORARY GRAND CHAMPION Steve Koshar Coloma MI Cessna 172 (N3626L)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION john Morriso Collierville TN Bellanca 14-19-3 (N8856R)
OUTSTANDING CUSTOMIZED Ronnie Cox Newnan GA Piper Coshymanche 250 (N7930P)
OUTSTANDING IN TYPE BEECH SINGLE ENGINE Thomas Schoder Modesto CA Beech Bonanza H-35 (N5487D)
BEECH MULTI-ENGINE Cody Welch Linden MI Beech H-18 (N6000M)
CESSNA 1 70 1721 75 Charles Papas Crown POint IN Cessna 172 (N7612T)
CESSNA 180182210 john Voninski Manlius NY Cessna 182 (N2435G)
CESSNA 310 Leonard Rennie Glenn Dale MD Cessna 310 (N31OjT)
PIPER PA-22 TRI PACER j DAmico Mount Airy MD PA-22 (N7455D)
PIPER PA-24 COMANCHE Clifton Davis Elida OH PA-24 (N5271P)
UNIQUE AIRCRAFT Bob Luskin Long Beach CA Cessna 175 taildragger (N9300B)
LIMITED PRODUCTION jack Arthur Des Moines lA Forney (Ershycoupe) (N3044G)
CUSTOM CLASS I SINGLE ENGINE (0 -160 hp) james Douglass Kennedyville MD PA 2022 (150 hp) (N6043D)
CUSTOM CLASS II SINGLE ENGINE (23 1 HP amp HIGHER) David Bennet Colorado Springs CO Cessna 21O-B (N21OEA)
CLASS IV MULTI ENGINE jim Simmons Nashville TN PA-23 (N3294P)
SEAPLANE AWARDS
GRAND CHAMPION Mark Taylor Riverdale IN Grumman Widgeon G44A (N350GW)
OUTSTANDING METAL Craig Burggraf Grand Rapids MN Cessna 180j (N410CE)
OUTSTANDING FABRIC FLOAT PLANE Steve Petrich Mound MN Aeronca 7AC (N84609)
VAANEWS compiled by HG Frautschy
GRASSROOTS GATHERING TOUR
Tom Poberezny President and Chief Executive Officer of EAA is taking his message to fellow EAA members this fall with a six-stop Grassroots Gathering Tour Folshylowing the success of the spring meetings held in Wheeling Illinois and Fairfax Virginia additional gathshyerings have been scheduled for the following dates Monday September 25th Arlington Texas Tuesday Sepshytember 27th Dallas Texas Tuesday October 17th San Jose California Wednesday October 18th Long Beach California Tuesday Novemshyber 14th Tampa Florida Wedshynesday November 15th Orlando Florida
Exact times and locations for the gatherings are still being determined For the latest information check EAAs web site at wwweaaorg
If youve wanted to find out more about EAA programs and services EAAs position on key issues or you wanted to ask questions or give feedshyback to EAA president Tom Poberezny the Grassroots gatherings are your opportunity to do so We look forward to seeing you there
THE COVERS FRONT COVER The Fokker Universal restored by Clark Seaborn for the Western Canada Aviation Museums collection is a faithful reminder of CF-AAMs days as a working bush airplane in Canadas interior EAA photo by Jim Koepnick shot with a Canon EOS1 nequipped with an 80-220 mm lens on 100 ASA Fuji Provia slide film EAA Cessna 210 photo plane flown by Bruce Moore
BACK COVER The Fokker Universal was designed specifically for the North American market by Robert Noorduynand was built by the Atlantic Aircraft CompanyThe cabin accommodated four fare-paying passengers The 1928 model had an enclosed pilots cockshypit and increased horsepower John Underwood collection
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3
PIPER 0 WINDOWS
Dear HG Sometimes an obvious simple
mechanical cure isnt what it seems to be Reference your page Type Club Notes in the August 2000 isshysue of Vintage Airplane Clyde Smith ]r advocates drilling a hole in the bottom of D type side windows in all Piper taildraggers to prevent rustshying in the lower window channel If this is done a more serious long range problem will develop as the water will drip or flow on the inside of the fabric down to the lower longerons and flow to the aft end of the tail hence rusting out this imshyportant structural member
A more positive cure for this problem is to initially set the plexishyglass window in a butyl rubber compound when affixing the winshydow aft in the channel This compound which comes in strips (Th e example sent measured 716xl16-Editor) is easily gotten at a local plate glass window store for literally pennies The product is lishyable at all temperatures never hardens and is guaranteed for 20 years I used this compound when setting all the plexiglass windows on Miss Pearl and no leaks have deshyveloped since installation
Another helpful hint is to use wooden cuticle orange sticks to trim the excess rubber around the marshygins of the windows to prevent scratching of the plexiglass (Walshymart has this item ) I would not advise a silicone rubber application as it will cement the window in place
4 SEPTEMBER 2000
and it will be very difficult to extract the window at a later date Please point these suggestions out to the Piper taildragger own ers as our planes must have a safe longevity in order to stay in the air without strucshytural problems
Frank Sperandeo III Piper N3383A Fayetteville AR
THE END OF THE MV-1 STAR FLIGHT
Greetings I just received m y August
Vintage Airplane and was amazed that the aircraft piCshytured on page 8 was the airplane that I had taken piCshytures of in May of 1993
While traveling on vacashytion in the lower Louisiana
area I saw a sign with directions to the Wedell-Williams museum I am one of those who has to check out all aviation museums and airfields You never know what you might find at one of these places
The enclosed photos will show what I found at the museum in Patshyterson Louisiana What a mess The aircraft was in such a state that it was difficult to tell what kind it was
Best Wishes Brooks Lovelace ]r Albany GA
The one and only Monsted-Vincent MV-1 Star Flight was badly damaged by hurricane Andrew in 1992
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
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Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
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Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
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Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
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Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
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business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
EAA AIRVENTURE 2000 VAA AWARDS
ANTIQUE
GRAND CHAMPION John Swander De Soto KS Waco UEC (NCI2471)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Densel Williams Jackson MI Aeronca Chief (NX22378)
SPECIAL AWARD - JUDGES CHOICE Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Doushyglas DC-3-G202A (N28341)
CHAMPION - CUSTOMIZED AIRshyCRAFT Richard Ash Piffard NY Waco UPF-7 (NC29303)
RUNNER UP Mark Gulbrandson Prior Lake MN Waco UPF-7 (N39748)
OUTSTANDING Charles Davis Washington Island WI Waco YQC-6 (NCI6009)
CHAMPION - TRANSPORT CATEshyGORY Greg Herrick Jackson WY Stinson Trishymotor (N11153)
TRANSPORT RUNNER UP Delta Airlines Inc Atlanta GA Travel Air 6000 (NC8878)
CHAMPION REPLICA AIRCRAFT Jim amp Drew Jenkins Waquoit MA Gee Bee E (NC856Y)
REPLICA AIRCRAFT RUNNER UP Roy Redman Faribault MN Waco Tashyperwing (NX5HX)
CHAMPION WWII MILITARY TRAINER OR LIAISON AIRCRAFT Ken Barnes San Leandro CA Stinson L-5E (N31858)
WWII ERA (1942-1945) CHAMPION WORLD WAR II ERA 1943-1945 Jim Jones Newton lA Meyers OTW (N34323)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT BIPLANE Dan Haas Galesburg IL Boeing A75N1 (N40lDB)
RUNNER UP Mark Haag Houston TX Boeing E75 Stearman (N99AN)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE Archie Lane Cypress CA Beech D17S (N67736)
CHAMPION SILVER AGE (1928-1932) Jack Tiffany Spring Valley OH Davis D1W (NC854N)
BRONZE AGE (1933-1941) CHAMPION BRONZE AGE (1933shy1941) Kent and Sandy Blankenburg Groveshyland CA Lockheed 12A (N99K)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT MONOPLANE Max Davis Waconia MN Stinson Reshyliant SR-6A (NCI5 127)
OUTSTANDING OPEN COCKPIT MONOPLANE William Rose Barrington IL Ryan ST-A Special (N17368)
OUTSTANDING CLOSED COCKPIT BIPLANE William Nutting Prescott AZ Waco SRE (N1252W)
RUNNER UP David Stark Weatherford TX Stinson SR-9F (NI8425)
CLASSIC
GRAND CHAMPION Thomas J Hammer and David Liebeshygott Clearfie ld PA Piper j3C-65 (N6697H)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION Michael Greenblatt Midland GA Twin Beech D-18S (N2913B)
BEST CLASS I (0-80 HP) James Zangger Cedar Rapids lA Tayshylorcraft BCl2D (NC94953)
BEST CLASS II (81-150 HP) Sydney Cohen Wausau WI Ercoupe 4150 (N94196)
BEST CLASS III (151 -235 HP) Mark Ohlinger Akron OH Bellanca 14-13-2 (N86937)
BEST CLASS IV 236 HP amp UP Charles Luigs Bandera TX Cessna 195 (N9836A)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS A Carol Cansdale Eden Prairie MN Piper J-3 (N7072H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS B Ellis Clark Bath MI Piper J-3 (N6615H)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS C Hal Cope Spring TX Globe Swift GC1B (N3303K)
BEST CUSTOM CLASS D Ronald Judy Gate OK Navion (N8915H)
BEST AERONCA CHAMP Melvin Vorbach Romney WV 7EC (N4306C)
BEST AERONCA CHIEF Wilbur Hostetler Marion IN llAC Chief (NC9659E)
BEST BEECHCRAFT W Roberts Fremont CA Beech C35 (N1808D)
BEST CESSNA 120140 Robert Lidster Mesquite TX C-140 (NI872V)
BEST CESSNA 170180 Paul Applegate Queen City MO Cshy170B (N2548D)
BEST CESSNA 190195 Ron Karwacky Riverside CA C-195 (N3089B)
2 SEPTEMBER 2000
BEST ERCOUPE Alan Cuthbert Dowagiac MI 415-C (N93512)
BEST LUSCOMBE jerry Cox Mattoon IL 8F (N1947B)
BESTNAVION Andrew Woodside Pickerrington OH (N4448K)
BEST PIPERJ-3 William Hogan North Little Rock AR j3C-65 (N92611 )
BEST PIPER OTHER Curtis Cumberland Woodbine MD PA-20 Pacer (N7403K)
BEST STINSON William Smith Long Beach CA 108-1 (N97979)
BESTSWIFf Duane Golding Marion TX Globe B (N80626)
BEST TAYLORCRAFT john Knight jackson Ml BC12-D (N96035)
BEST LIMITED PRODUCTION Duane Peters Anchorage AK DeHavilshyland Beaver (N73Q)
CONTEMPORARY GRAND CHAMPION Steve Koshar Coloma MI Cessna 172 (N3626L)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION john Morriso Collierville TN Bellanca 14-19-3 (N8856R)
OUTSTANDING CUSTOMIZED Ronnie Cox Newnan GA Piper Coshymanche 250 (N7930P)
OUTSTANDING IN TYPE BEECH SINGLE ENGINE Thomas Schoder Modesto CA Beech Bonanza H-35 (N5487D)
BEECH MULTI-ENGINE Cody Welch Linden MI Beech H-18 (N6000M)
CESSNA 1 70 1721 75 Charles Papas Crown POint IN Cessna 172 (N7612T)
CESSNA 180182210 john Voninski Manlius NY Cessna 182 (N2435G)
CESSNA 310 Leonard Rennie Glenn Dale MD Cessna 310 (N31OjT)
PIPER PA-22 TRI PACER j DAmico Mount Airy MD PA-22 (N7455D)
PIPER PA-24 COMANCHE Clifton Davis Elida OH PA-24 (N5271P)
UNIQUE AIRCRAFT Bob Luskin Long Beach CA Cessna 175 taildragger (N9300B)
LIMITED PRODUCTION jack Arthur Des Moines lA Forney (Ershycoupe) (N3044G)
CUSTOM CLASS I SINGLE ENGINE (0 -160 hp) james Douglass Kennedyville MD PA 2022 (150 hp) (N6043D)
CUSTOM CLASS II SINGLE ENGINE (23 1 HP amp HIGHER) David Bennet Colorado Springs CO Cessna 21O-B (N21OEA)
CLASS IV MULTI ENGINE jim Simmons Nashville TN PA-23 (N3294P)
SEAPLANE AWARDS
GRAND CHAMPION Mark Taylor Riverdale IN Grumman Widgeon G44A (N350GW)
OUTSTANDING METAL Craig Burggraf Grand Rapids MN Cessna 180j (N410CE)
OUTSTANDING FABRIC FLOAT PLANE Steve Petrich Mound MN Aeronca 7AC (N84609)
VAANEWS compiled by HG Frautschy
GRASSROOTS GATHERING TOUR
Tom Poberezny President and Chief Executive Officer of EAA is taking his message to fellow EAA members this fall with a six-stop Grassroots Gathering Tour Folshylowing the success of the spring meetings held in Wheeling Illinois and Fairfax Virginia additional gathshyerings have been scheduled for the following dates Monday September 25th Arlington Texas Tuesday Sepshytember 27th Dallas Texas Tuesday October 17th San Jose California Wednesday October 18th Long Beach California Tuesday Novemshyber 14th Tampa Florida Wedshynesday November 15th Orlando Florida
Exact times and locations for the gatherings are still being determined For the latest information check EAAs web site at wwweaaorg
If youve wanted to find out more about EAA programs and services EAAs position on key issues or you wanted to ask questions or give feedshyback to EAA president Tom Poberezny the Grassroots gatherings are your opportunity to do so We look forward to seeing you there
THE COVERS FRONT COVER The Fokker Universal restored by Clark Seaborn for the Western Canada Aviation Museums collection is a faithful reminder of CF-AAMs days as a working bush airplane in Canadas interior EAA photo by Jim Koepnick shot with a Canon EOS1 nequipped with an 80-220 mm lens on 100 ASA Fuji Provia slide film EAA Cessna 210 photo plane flown by Bruce Moore
BACK COVER The Fokker Universal was designed specifically for the North American market by Robert Noorduynand was built by the Atlantic Aircraft CompanyThe cabin accommodated four fare-paying passengers The 1928 model had an enclosed pilots cockshypit and increased horsepower John Underwood collection
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3
PIPER 0 WINDOWS
Dear HG Sometimes an obvious simple
mechanical cure isnt what it seems to be Reference your page Type Club Notes in the August 2000 isshysue of Vintage Airplane Clyde Smith ]r advocates drilling a hole in the bottom of D type side windows in all Piper taildraggers to prevent rustshying in the lower window channel If this is done a more serious long range problem will develop as the water will drip or flow on the inside of the fabric down to the lower longerons and flow to the aft end of the tail hence rusting out this imshyportant structural member
A more positive cure for this problem is to initially set the plexishyglass window in a butyl rubber compound when affixing the winshydow aft in the channel This compound which comes in strips (Th e example sent measured 716xl16-Editor) is easily gotten at a local plate glass window store for literally pennies The product is lishyable at all temperatures never hardens and is guaranteed for 20 years I used this compound when setting all the plexiglass windows on Miss Pearl and no leaks have deshyveloped since installation
Another helpful hint is to use wooden cuticle orange sticks to trim the excess rubber around the marshygins of the windows to prevent scratching of the plexiglass (Walshymart has this item ) I would not advise a silicone rubber application as it will cement the window in place
4 SEPTEMBER 2000
and it will be very difficult to extract the window at a later date Please point these suggestions out to the Piper taildragger own ers as our planes must have a safe longevity in order to stay in the air without strucshytural problems
Frank Sperandeo III Piper N3383A Fayetteville AR
THE END OF THE MV-1 STAR FLIGHT
Greetings I just received m y August
Vintage Airplane and was amazed that the aircraft piCshytured on page 8 was the airplane that I had taken piCshytures of in May of 1993
While traveling on vacashytion in the lower Louisiana
area I saw a sign with directions to the Wedell-Williams museum I am one of those who has to check out all aviation museums and airfields You never know what you might find at one of these places
The enclosed photos will show what I found at the museum in Patshyterson Louisiana What a mess The aircraft was in such a state that it was difficult to tell what kind it was
Best Wishes Brooks Lovelace ]r Albany GA
The one and only Monsted-Vincent MV-1 Star Flight was badly damaged by hurricane Andrew in 1992
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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Something to buy sell or trade
An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod bearings main bearings camshaft bearings master rods valves Call us Toll Free 1800233-6934 e-mail ramremfgaolcom Web site www ramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA99202
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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30
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
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To become an
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Member call
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We began insuring with AUA because
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No problem we do this all the time
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The best is affordable
Give AUA a call - its FREE
800-727-3823 Fly with the pros fly with AUA Inc
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Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
BEST ERCOUPE Alan Cuthbert Dowagiac MI 415-C (N93512)
BEST LUSCOMBE jerry Cox Mattoon IL 8F (N1947B)
BESTNAVION Andrew Woodside Pickerrington OH (N4448K)
BEST PIPERJ-3 William Hogan North Little Rock AR j3C-65 (N92611 )
BEST PIPER OTHER Curtis Cumberland Woodbine MD PA-20 Pacer (N7403K)
BEST STINSON William Smith Long Beach CA 108-1 (N97979)
BESTSWIFf Duane Golding Marion TX Globe B (N80626)
BEST TAYLORCRAFT john Knight jackson Ml BC12-D (N96035)
BEST LIMITED PRODUCTION Duane Peters Anchorage AK DeHavilshyland Beaver (N73Q)
CONTEMPORARY GRAND CHAMPION Steve Koshar Coloma MI Cessna 172 (N3626L)
RESERVE GRAND CHAMPION john Morriso Collierville TN Bellanca 14-19-3 (N8856R)
OUTSTANDING CUSTOMIZED Ronnie Cox Newnan GA Piper Coshymanche 250 (N7930P)
OUTSTANDING IN TYPE BEECH SINGLE ENGINE Thomas Schoder Modesto CA Beech Bonanza H-35 (N5487D)
BEECH MULTI-ENGINE Cody Welch Linden MI Beech H-18 (N6000M)
CESSNA 1 70 1721 75 Charles Papas Crown POint IN Cessna 172 (N7612T)
CESSNA 180182210 john Voninski Manlius NY Cessna 182 (N2435G)
CESSNA 310 Leonard Rennie Glenn Dale MD Cessna 310 (N31OjT)
PIPER PA-22 TRI PACER j DAmico Mount Airy MD PA-22 (N7455D)
PIPER PA-24 COMANCHE Clifton Davis Elida OH PA-24 (N5271P)
UNIQUE AIRCRAFT Bob Luskin Long Beach CA Cessna 175 taildragger (N9300B)
LIMITED PRODUCTION jack Arthur Des Moines lA Forney (Ershycoupe) (N3044G)
CUSTOM CLASS I SINGLE ENGINE (0 -160 hp) james Douglass Kennedyville MD PA 2022 (150 hp) (N6043D)
CUSTOM CLASS II SINGLE ENGINE (23 1 HP amp HIGHER) David Bennet Colorado Springs CO Cessna 21O-B (N21OEA)
CLASS IV MULTI ENGINE jim Simmons Nashville TN PA-23 (N3294P)
SEAPLANE AWARDS
GRAND CHAMPION Mark Taylor Riverdale IN Grumman Widgeon G44A (N350GW)
OUTSTANDING METAL Craig Burggraf Grand Rapids MN Cessna 180j (N410CE)
OUTSTANDING FABRIC FLOAT PLANE Steve Petrich Mound MN Aeronca 7AC (N84609)
VAANEWS compiled by HG Frautschy
GRASSROOTS GATHERING TOUR
Tom Poberezny President and Chief Executive Officer of EAA is taking his message to fellow EAA members this fall with a six-stop Grassroots Gathering Tour Folshylowing the success of the spring meetings held in Wheeling Illinois and Fairfax Virginia additional gathshyerings have been scheduled for the following dates Monday September 25th Arlington Texas Tuesday Sepshytember 27th Dallas Texas Tuesday October 17th San Jose California Wednesday October 18th Long Beach California Tuesday Novemshyber 14th Tampa Florida Wedshynesday November 15th Orlando Florida
Exact times and locations for the gatherings are still being determined For the latest information check EAAs web site at wwweaaorg
If youve wanted to find out more about EAA programs and services EAAs position on key issues or you wanted to ask questions or give feedshyback to EAA president Tom Poberezny the Grassroots gatherings are your opportunity to do so We look forward to seeing you there
THE COVERS FRONT COVER The Fokker Universal restored by Clark Seaborn for the Western Canada Aviation Museums collection is a faithful reminder of CF-AAMs days as a working bush airplane in Canadas interior EAA photo by Jim Koepnick shot with a Canon EOS1 nequipped with an 80-220 mm lens on 100 ASA Fuji Provia slide film EAA Cessna 210 photo plane flown by Bruce Moore
BACK COVER The Fokker Universal was designed specifically for the North American market by Robert Noorduynand was built by the Atlantic Aircraft CompanyThe cabin accommodated four fare-paying passengers The 1928 model had an enclosed pilots cockshypit and increased horsepower John Underwood collection
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3
PIPER 0 WINDOWS
Dear HG Sometimes an obvious simple
mechanical cure isnt what it seems to be Reference your page Type Club Notes in the August 2000 isshysue of Vintage Airplane Clyde Smith ]r advocates drilling a hole in the bottom of D type side windows in all Piper taildraggers to prevent rustshying in the lower window channel If this is done a more serious long range problem will develop as the water will drip or flow on the inside of the fabric down to the lower longerons and flow to the aft end of the tail hence rusting out this imshyportant structural member
A more positive cure for this problem is to initially set the plexishyglass window in a butyl rubber compound when affixing the winshydow aft in the channel This compound which comes in strips (Th e example sent measured 716xl16-Editor) is easily gotten at a local plate glass window store for literally pennies The product is lishyable at all temperatures never hardens and is guaranteed for 20 years I used this compound when setting all the plexiglass windows on Miss Pearl and no leaks have deshyveloped since installation
Another helpful hint is to use wooden cuticle orange sticks to trim the excess rubber around the marshygins of the windows to prevent scratching of the plexiglass (Walshymart has this item ) I would not advise a silicone rubber application as it will cement the window in place
4 SEPTEMBER 2000
and it will be very difficult to extract the window at a later date Please point these suggestions out to the Piper taildragger own ers as our planes must have a safe longevity in order to stay in the air without strucshytural problems
Frank Sperandeo III Piper N3383A Fayetteville AR
THE END OF THE MV-1 STAR FLIGHT
Greetings I just received m y August
Vintage Airplane and was amazed that the aircraft piCshytured on page 8 was the airplane that I had taken piCshytures of in May of 1993
While traveling on vacashytion in the lower Louisiana
area I saw a sign with directions to the Wedell-Williams museum I am one of those who has to check out all aviation museums and airfields You never know what you might find at one of these places
The enclosed photos will show what I found at the museum in Patshyterson Louisiana What a mess The aircraft was in such a state that it was difficult to tell what kind it was
Best Wishes Brooks Lovelace ]r Albany GA
The one and only Monsted-Vincent MV-1 Star Flight was badly damaged by hurricane Andrew in 1992
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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30
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
approved
To become an
EAA Vintage
Aircraft
Association
Member call
800-843-3612
We began insuring with AUA because
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Other insurance companies replied
You want to insure a what AUA said
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AUA is unsurpassed in their
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and classic aircraft
- John and Kathy McMurray
The best is affordable
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
PIPER 0 WINDOWS
Dear HG Sometimes an obvious simple
mechanical cure isnt what it seems to be Reference your page Type Club Notes in the August 2000 isshysue of Vintage Airplane Clyde Smith ]r advocates drilling a hole in the bottom of D type side windows in all Piper taildraggers to prevent rustshying in the lower window channel If this is done a more serious long range problem will develop as the water will drip or flow on the inside of the fabric down to the lower longerons and flow to the aft end of the tail hence rusting out this imshyportant structural member
A more positive cure for this problem is to initially set the plexishyglass window in a butyl rubber compound when affixing the winshydow aft in the channel This compound which comes in strips (Th e example sent measured 716xl16-Editor) is easily gotten at a local plate glass window store for literally pennies The product is lishyable at all temperatures never hardens and is guaranteed for 20 years I used this compound when setting all the plexiglass windows on Miss Pearl and no leaks have deshyveloped since installation
Another helpful hint is to use wooden cuticle orange sticks to trim the excess rubber around the marshygins of the windows to prevent scratching of the plexiglass (Walshymart has this item ) I would not advise a silicone rubber application as it will cement the window in place
4 SEPTEMBER 2000
and it will be very difficult to extract the window at a later date Please point these suggestions out to the Piper taildragger own ers as our planes must have a safe longevity in order to stay in the air without strucshytural problems
Frank Sperandeo III Piper N3383A Fayetteville AR
THE END OF THE MV-1 STAR FLIGHT
Greetings I just received m y August
Vintage Airplane and was amazed that the aircraft piCshytured on page 8 was the airplane that I had taken piCshytures of in May of 1993
While traveling on vacashytion in the lower Louisiana
area I saw a sign with directions to the Wedell-Williams museum I am one of those who has to check out all aviation museums and airfields You never know what you might find at one of these places
The enclosed photos will show what I found at the museum in Patshyterson Louisiana What a mess The aircraft was in such a state that it was difficult to tell what kind it was
Best Wishes Brooks Lovelace ]r Albany GA
The one and only Monsted-Vincent MV-1 Star Flight was badly damaged by hurricane Andrew in 1992
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
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-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
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business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
bull I ears
att Outer Marker
The707
Pan American once again the leader and again the pioneer had placed the first industry
order with Boeing Aircraft Company for seven Boeing 707s with options for many more In 1958 Jack Ryan and I were assigned to Pan Amerishycans initial 707 ground school at New York and felt very privileged to be in the first group of pilots to reshyceive 707 flight training This training was most extensive with all of it being given on the airplane itshyself Our flight instructor was Jim Gannett of Boeing who later headed up Boeings supersonic transport program
Was this new machine just anshyother airplane Indeed it was not
Despite later to come flight simushylator training which very effectively developed necessary familiarity with the cockpit cockpit operating proceshydures and operating check lists for many years thereafter an average of
22 hours on the airplane itself after simulator was required for very exshyperienced airline pilots These airmen long accustomed to proshypeller driven aircraft and the docile characteristics of straight wing airshyplanes had to adapt to the very different and often unforgiving charshyacteristics of this new swept wing jet powered airplane
In many many instances the posishytioning of hands and feet to produce an aircraft response to control inputs were very different and much unshylearning was necessary
An early industry problem to surshyface was a rash of short-ofshythe-runway threshold touchdowns caused by the airplanes very differshyent glide characteristics during a landing approach The pilot of a proshypeller-driven airplane if a bit low on final approach by merely adding a small amount of power could inshycrease the flow of propeller air over a
large portion of the wing behind the propellers with the direct result an immediate increase in the wings lift even prior to speed being gained or vice versa if power was reduced This resulted in the airplanes being litershyally lifted back toward the desired descent profile with a minimum change in the airplanes pitch attishytude and use of power for landing approach glideslope control was quite effective But it took a while for many airmen to become really conshyvinced that these old techniques would not work on the jetliner where the jet engines were mounted on pods suspended far below the wing and where thrust changes in themshyselves had no effect whatever on wing lift
And where the conventional straight wing airplane was very tolershyant of yaw or skidding flight the swept wing airplane very definitely was not and there were several early
by Holland Dutch Redfield VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
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Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
incidents and accidents I believe almost all of them during pilot training in which airplanes got in deep trouble because they were flown in conditions of excessive and uncorrected yaw When thus triggered and whether the yaw deshyveloped gradually or rapidly the subsequent snap rolls were of such violence as to cause severe strucshytural damage and in almost all cases ended up with the airplane inverted
My friend Jack Ryan particishypated in what was probably the first of such incidents A between trips layover airplane was being pishylot trained in the vicinity of Paris France and Jack was conducting a training demonstration of the minshyimum speed at which directional control can be maintained with two engines at idle on one side and very high thrust on the other two engines Up to that time it was a required demonstration
The early 707 models had an unshyboosted rudder and to protect the vertical tail surfaces from damaging pilot rudder inputs at higher speeds force limiting springs were placed in the rudder actuating system between the pilots rudder pedals and the big rudder itself
During the Paris demonstration the rudder was fully deflected but as the demonstration proceeded speed slowly increased causing the forces in the rudder actuating system to build up in excess of the values proshygrammed into the force limiting springs at which pOint they released with the result that the rudder very suddenly blew down and centered despite the still held full pedal deflecshytion This caused the airplane to yaw sharply then snap violently to an inshyverted position
At that time the trainer was at 9000 feet and fortunately had some wing flap extended From inverted flight the nose fell and the plane beshygan to spin Jack well experienced in aerobatics was able to stop the spin and recover at about 2000 feet
6 SEPTEMBER 2000
it took a while
for many airmen to
become really
convinced that
these old
techniques would
not work on
the ietliner
As the airplane was leveling off over the farmlands of France Herb Seilshyberger the flight engineer shouted Weve lost No 4 engine Jack replied Well lets get it going again Herb yelled back No no I mean it fell offl
The flight was closer to better reshypair facilities in London so the crippled airplane was gingerly flown there and safely landed Inspection showed that besides No4 engine beshying no longer there that No3 engine was hanging by little more than the skin of its cowlings
An early Pan American 707 came very close to disaster while making a transatlantic crossing during the airshycrafts introductory phases into airline service
Pilot contracts covering pay working conditions etc had not yet been signed and delivery of the industrys first 707 to Pan American was impending In the Companys upper management it had been hoped that agreements might be arshyrived at in time that the 707
inaugural flight could be flown on the anniversary of the airlines first flight
Corporate Officer Waldo Lynch an airman on the pilots roster himself proposed to Juan Trippe president of the airline that until such time as signing of the pilots contract could in fact take place that the many supervisory pilots throughout the airlines system could easily be qualified on the 707 thereafter operating the new jet liners as administrative personshynel Captain Lynchs proposal was quickly approved and impleshymented on a crash training program
The inaugural 707 flight was flown as scheduled New York to London on October 26 1958 with Captain Sam Miller Chief Pilot of the airlines Atlantic Division as pishylot in command and Captain Waldo Lynch performing the dushy
ties of First Officer Thereafter the newly and hastily qualified 21 adshyministrative airmen operated the airlines 707 schedules between New York London Paris and Rome while contract negotiations dragged on for the next 14 months
It was a few months following the inaugural flight that Captain Lynch was scheduled in command of Pan Americans flight 115 from Paris to New York with the flight leaving Paris at six in the evening Captain Sam Peters Chief Pilot of the Pacific Division was assigned as First Officer
Meeting the crew of the incoming flight from New York Lynch was adshyvised that the trip on the eastbound crossing had been unable to commushynicate with Keflavik on Iceland due to aurora borealis radio interference and although Keflavik was much preferred as a westbound fueling stop and because Pan Americans first airplanes were short range it was decided to land at London for a quick topping off of the fuel tanks thereafter proceed ing London to Gander Newfoundland for another
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
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Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
refueling before continuing on to New York After a 12 minute turnshyaround at London the flight was fueled and again airborne and a short while later reached its initial cruising altitude of 29000 feet The 707 had flight plan clearance to later climb to higher altitudes as fuel consumption produced lighter gross weights
Weather reports indicated a large low pressure area with heavy snowshystorms along the flights normal route so the course purposely flown took Flight 115 somewhat south of its normal track with a turn back toshyward the north anticipated about 600 miles from Gander
At cruising altitude the 707 was in and out of cloud tops with its associshyated moderate turbulence and concerned with the comfort of his passengers Captain Lynch re-cleared to 35000 feet where they were on top of the weather and in smooth
ahead of flight plan In on the discusshysion and seated in the observers seat directly behind the captains seat was Flight Dispatcher Tom Mackay out of the New York flight dispatch center As part of his duties Mackay was obshyserving the companys new aircraft in line operation
Satisfied Captain Lynch walked back through the open cockpit doorshyway This was prior to the FAA regulation that airliner cockpit doors in flight remain closed and locked due to later-experienced hijacking problems It was necessary only that a small felt-covered rope be unshyclipped for crew members to leave or enter the cockpit
The copilot now alone in his forshyward pilots position huddled head down in the dimly lit cockpit studyshying his fuel charts A few minutes later his earphones pressed tightly to his head he endeavored at the
encountered the flights Purser who was just finishing up dinner service As he asked him how the after dinshyner cabin clean-up was progressing he was again aware of the gradual inshycrease in the planes speed Then as he turned back toward the cockpit passengers seated in the forward lounge area asked about New York weather and the flights approximate arrival time Waldo did not wish to cut them short despite now feeling mounting apprehension about the still gradually and steadily increasing and uncorrected aerodynamic airstream noises He did not think of the plane possibly being in an ever steepening dive
In response to his passengers question Captain Lynch temporarily perched on the edge of the forward lounge seat facing aft From this poshysition he could see through a cabin window and out over the airplanes
But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged
air Shortly after the change in altishytude Flight lISs navigator advised the crew that it was time to change course to Gander Using the engaged autopilot a gentle turn to the right was made
Captain Lynch had not left his cockpit position since departure at Paris and now wished to stretch his legs and make use of the lavatory Shortly following assumption of the new course he slid his cockpit seat full aft and unbuckled his seat belt Stepping aft he checked with Flight Engineer George Sinski seated on the right side of the cockpit directly beshyhind the pilots how the flights fuel burn was progressing and what fuel remained He then turned to the opshyposite side of the cockpit reviewing briefly with Navigator Laird the flights estimated arrival time at Ganshyder ground speed wind etc and he was advised they were a few minutes
scheduled time to read and copy weather observations along the flights westbound route on the stashytic-ridden high frequency receiver But in the meantime in the dark and unnoted the autopilot had silently disengaged permitting the airplane over a period of many minshyutes to very gradually and very gently enter a very slowly steepening diving turn
Back in the lavatory Captain Lynch sensed a slight increase in the airplanes airspeed evidenced by the 600 mile per hour whistling airstream sounds streaking along the planes outer skin He believed this was probably due to the now someshywhat lower gross weight because of fuel burn-off but he also wondered why the cockpit crew did not reduce thrust in compensation as he had done previously on the flight
Stepping outside the lavatory he
left wing which was in near level flight as evidenced by stars visible above the wing He hastily apprised the passengers of New York weather that ceiling and visibility were at apshyproach minimums but that no problems were anticipated and the flights arrival time at New York would be quite close to that schedshyuled Then before he was able to respond to another question and reshyturn to the cockpit he suddenly felt heavy aerodynamic buffeting in the airframe and a glance out the winshydows showed the left wing rising rapidly with its tip pOinted toward the stars At the same time a powershyful yawing motion abruptly threw him onto the floor in the planes aisleway
Back in the cockpit the first indishycation of trouble was the frantic ringing of the Mach airspeed warnshying bell Captain Peters in the
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
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E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
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Sam Taber East Troy WI
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Donald H Walter Algoma WI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
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John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
copilots seat quickly took over and attempted to recover from the now steeply banked diving turn but he was faced with two big problems First later research showed that at very high Mach if rudder and aileron control is applied as in this case to level the wings with rudder possibly applied in excessive amounts in response the airplane either will not roll at all or will posshySibly roll in a direction exactly opposite to the aileron and rudder being applied Second at high Mach the center of pressure on the planes wing is caused to move rearshyward making an already diving accelerating airplane more and more nose heavy
Unlike the preceding generation of propeller aircraft which had a fixed bolted-into-position stabilizer (the horizontal surfaces on the tail forward of the trailing moveable eleshyvators) this new generation of jetliners was eqUipped with an adshyjustable stabilizer designed to minimize drag while still providing a normal means for cockpit crews to achieve hands off longitudinal trim of the airplane These very large stabilizing surfaces were normally positioned by an electric drive sysshytem and caused to change position by means of thumb switches on the pilots control wheels At very high speeds however under conditions of excessive elevator inputs it was known that the stabilizer drive sysshytem could be loaded up to the point where its drive motor would stall out and the stabilizer position could not be changed no matter how despershyate the situation In case of complete drive system failure the system was designed so the stabilizer position could be adjusted manually if necshyessary by actuation of hand cranks in the cockpit
Back in the main cabin Waldo somehow was able on his hands and knees to claw his way forward along the cabin floor back under the felt covered rope and into his left pilots seat As he worked his way past Engineer Sinskis position
8 SEPTEMBER 2000
George shouted Waldo power is still at cruise setting As Waldo crashed into his chair he immedishyately slammed the throttles closed while shouting to NaVigator Laird who had traded pOSitions with Disshypatcher Mackay during his absence Strap my belt on for me Lynch never was able to slide his seat forshyward to its normal position nor was he able to pull his feet from alongside the pedestal up onto the rudder pedals Although the flights cruising altitude had been at 35000 feet as Lynch took control the airshyplanes plunge was taking it through 17000 feet
Waldos attitude horizon the prime instrument for precise presenshytation of the airplanes wings level or climbingdiving attitudes had long ago tumbled and now flopped in a random useless fashion His Turn Indicator a very basic nonshypreCise back-up instrument of flight showed a full right deflection as disshyplayed on its fully displaced turn needle The altimeter was unwindshying at a frightful rate Clunk clunk clunk per thousand feet almost as fast as it can be spoken and the airshyspeed indicator was totally off scale at 400 knots Due to Waldos far aft seat position his Mach meter could not be seen
On the other side of the cockpit the buffeting was so severe that a gray plastic decorative shield also providing indirect instrument lightshying for the copilots panel had shaken loose and fallen down obshyscuring copilot Peters instruments besides depriving him of vital instrushyment lighting Peters eyeglasses had fallen to the floor and his earphones had fallen down over his shoulders His desperate control wheel inputs had bloodied his hands
At the engineers panel the powshyerful shaking of the airframe had tripped the field relay on number three generator supplying the Essenshytial Electrical Bus which in turn supplied power to the captains flight instruments radios and cockpit lighting Only minimal cockpit
lighting was thus available on Lynchs panel from emergency sources and Engineer Sinski under the diving turns centrifugal loads was simply unable to raise his head to see nor was he able to raise his arm in order to actuate necessary switches on his panel to correct this
As Waldo took the controls his first action in the black of night and with the airplane now in heavy cloud was to attempt to level the wings and this by reference to his only usable panel instrument the turn indicator This successful action momentarily relieved the turns G loads and at this point Engineer Sinshyski was able to reach up and quickly restore power to the Essential Electrishycal Bus thus again providing normal cockpit lighting
Noting that the stabilizer indishycated full forward (nose down) and feeling a desperate need to be of asshysistance in a very desperate situation Sinski released his seat belt and careshyfully edged his way forward from his engineers station to a position where he straddled the pedestal beshytween the two pilots seats Here with superhuman effort he began a turn at a time hand cranking the stashybilizer toward a nose-up position (Boeing engineers later reported that hand cranking under the air loads being experienced would be imposshysible for one person to overcome)
NaVigator Laird seated behind Lynch shouted Captain were goshying through 8000 feet Waldo realizing that it was now or never applied all the strength that he could muster into a tremendous backward pull on the control yoke and while doing so he was not able to even brace his feet against the rudder pedshyals because they well still behind him alongside his chair
Boeing engineers later estimated that 67 Gs were imposed on the airshyframe as a result of Waldos last minute desperate pull The airplanes beautifully swept wing which not too many moments before had only
-continued on page 26
PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
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james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
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Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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Brian Neal Monrovia CA
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jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
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Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
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Steve Williams Richmond IN
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John D Hawley Wichita KS
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Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
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Robert] Rittmuller
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Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
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AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
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Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
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Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
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Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
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John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
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E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
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Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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PASS IT TO BUCK by EE Buck Hilbert
EAA 21 VAA 5 PO Box 424 Union IL 60180
Dear Buck It was good to talk to you the other day I need a 1918 D3-A
Mercedes engine for my Fokker DVII replica I have a new Wolf propeller made by Guy Watson
The DVII Fokker as shown in the p ictures is completely hand-crafted from German draWings done in Metric scale
At this time Im making the fuel lines and hand pressure pump fittings and tubing All the instruments are 1918 Gershyman Bosch New wheels are being made at this time The fabric is from Belgium and I expect it here any time I need either a Mercedes or BMW engine to complete the project and I dont want to accept a modern substitute
I do appreciate any and all help to locate such an engine Thank you Richard R Enos Santa Maria CA 805922-4063 or 739-1025 (Shop)
Take a look at the magnitude of the work and the sharp workmanship Richard has put into his Fokker project Hopeshyfully one of you out th ere can help him find that elusive Mercedes or BMW engine
Over to you
t( ~t(ck ~
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 9
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
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Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
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jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
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Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
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C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
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Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
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Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
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H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
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Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
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ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Fokkers talented staff creates a back country workhorse
Anthony HG Fokker was not the most popular aviation pershysonality in the early 20s
Fokker a Dutchman had thrown in with the Germans in 1914 He was widely perceived to be a war profishyteer and indeed had been one of the few major suppliers of the Kaisers air service to survive with his industrial base more or less intact and plenty of money in the bank
Within a matter of months after the armistice Tony Fokker was back in business in his native Holland manufacturing aircraft His surreptishytious departure from Germany which involved marshaling no less than six trainloads of contraband materials tools engines and 220 unfinished aircraft was a classic piece of international subterfuge An ex-fighter pilot Capt Hermann Goshy
ering helped with the arrangements The future Reichsmarshall equipped with a pacified Fokker DVII would be Fokkers sales representative in Scandinavia for a year or more
Fokkers detractors have alluded to a secret 1922 agreement between the manufacturer and the new Gershyman government wherein that government would have first call on Fokkers serv ices in th e event of another war This of course was long before Hitler came to power and th e idea of another war was anathema to almost everyone Nevertheless a German-Soviet pact mainshytained a clandestine Luftwaffe on Soviet soil Fokker supplied most of its equipment
The secret of Fokkers success was his genius for hiring talented people He had picked the right engineers and designers such as the gifted Reinhold Platz a welder who rose from the ranks and Walter Rethel
whose mas-
By John Underwood 10 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
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Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
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Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
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Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
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E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
terpiece would be the Messerschmitt Bf 109 This team created air craft that were among the best availshyable anywhere in the world
Fokker himself though no engishyneer had an instinctive undershystanding for what was technologishycally correct He was a superb pilot and did much of his own test flyshying Fokkers brilliant demonshystration flying and masterful salesshymanship was a combination that invariably spelled success That and the fact that he was not averse to cheating to make a good perforshymance look even better on paper
Fokkers warplanes were far supeshyrior to anything available in the United States which had precious little expertise in the production of combat aircraft The air service had been equipped exclusively with French English and Italian aircraft during 1917 and 1918 Indigenous designs were regarded as unsuitable for combat for a considerable period of time thereafter
Fokker fighters remained in sershyvice well into the 20s both in Europe and the United States which had acquired 50 highly esteemed DVIIs for the military In addition the army and the navy procured small quantities of postwar Nethershylands-built Fokkers These included fighters such as the PW-5 CO-2 obshyservation craft and T-2 transports one of which made the first nonstop coast-to-coast crossing of the United States in May of 1923
The T-2 was a stretched version of Fokkers FI1I commercial aircraft which had evolved from a prototype built in Germany in the immediate postwar period and spirited to Hol-
Fokker escorting Kingsford-Smiths world girdling Southern Cross in a borshyrowed Monocoupe July 1931 He was fined $500 for performing stunts with a passenger (Pushka) and having no certificate Fokker had never troubled himself to apply for any certificate after earning German FAI License No 88 in 1911 The fine was rescinded when Fokker presented his newly acquired US private pilots certificate in September
Tony Fokker shown in a 1912 Spin (Spider) He built and flew his first monoshyplane in 1910 at age 20 He moved to Germany (Johannistal) in 1912 to seek his fortune becoming a naturalized citizen in 1917 Fokker later became a US citizen and lived in Nyack NY when he died of complications following minor surgery in December 1939
land on the qt The FIII with its comfortable passenger cabin (pilots preferred to remain in open cockshypits) quickly found favor with Europe s infant airline industry which included KLM and DVR the forerunner of Lufthansa Fokker on one of his early US visits brought two FIIIs to test the North American market
There was strong resistance to the importation of foreign aircraft parshyticularly anything Teutonic Fokkers modest success in selling aircraft to the US military was roundly critishycized from almost every quarter Why spend American dollars overshyseas when the aircraft industry at home was in dire need of what little business there was
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 11
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
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Warkworth New Zealand
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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Stephen A Tonozzi
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john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
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Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
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Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
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Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
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Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
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Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
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Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
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Scott A Martin Lizton I
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David Lowe Sacramento KY
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jack Spring Kentwood LA
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Bud Walker Bel Air MD
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Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
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Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
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AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
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R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
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Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
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Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
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Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
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Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
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H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
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Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
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Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
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Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
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jay Esty Neenah WI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
The Fokker F-11 built at Schwerin in 1919 featured cabin comfort for six passengers Fokker adopted the full-cantilever wing in 1917
Wartime sentiments notwithshystanding Fokker had friends and admirers in the business world and in the US military One of them was Brig Gen Billy Mitchell assistant chief of the air service The upshot of this was the establishment of a comshypany at Teterboro New Jersey in a nearly new plant formerly occupied by the Wittman-Lewis Company builders of the celeshybrated Barling Bomber The venture funded largely by American investment became known as the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation
Fokker had an able assistant in the person of Robert BC Noorduyn a fellow Dutchman whose mother was English who would later manufacture the Norseman bush airplane in
12 SEPTEMBER 2000
Canada His mother was English Unlike Fokker Noorduyn had helped supply the Allies with aircraft during the war notably in the employ of Tom Sopwith and Sir WG Armstrong-Whitshyworth amp Co
Noorduyn had been an assistant to another Dutch designer Fritz Koolhoven at Armshystrong-Whitworth which led to a postwar hitch in the same cashypacity with the British
Aerial Transport Co which proshyduced the BAT monoplane fighter an ultralight monoplane called the
Fokker and Pushka Galanschikoff an early Russian aviatrix in 1913 Fokker sold her a Spider and fell in love Pushka fled the Russian Revolution lived in New York and performed pubshylic relations services for Fokker She aspired to fly the Atlantic in a Fokker but Earhart beat her to it
Crow and the FK26 transport a cabin biplane He was an engineershydesigner by training and a born manager with a full measure of fishynancial sense Noorduyn was named general manager and treasurer of Atshylantic Aircraft
Bob Noorduyns first production order was for 135 welded steel tube fuselages to rejuvenate the US air services dilapidated de Havilland DH-4 bombers The welded fuselage was largely a Fokker innovation and his welders were among the most skilled in the industry Many were Dutch imports themselves Indeed the language on the factory floor was as much Dutch-German as it was English
Commercial aviation was late in developing in the United States and Fokkers FIII transport which was widely used in Europe by KLM and Lufthansa was a marketing disapshypointment Only two FIIIs were imported one of which found its way to Anchorage where the brothshyers Wien hoped to start an airline The other later belonged to a boot-
A lineup of Fokker DVlls still bearing German crosses at Kelly Field circa 1920 Peter M Bowers photo
The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
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Alexander Tullis
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
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Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
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Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
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Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
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james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
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Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
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Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
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Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
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jack Spring Kentwood LA
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1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
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Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
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Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
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John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
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Gary H Ransom Delta PA
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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The first Fokker Tri-Motor was created on short notice to compete in the 1925 Ford Reliabi lity Tour It was quite a sensation Variants pioneered the airways with WAE American and Pan Am
legger The lack of suitable landing facilities both in the Lower 48 and in the territories was a major obstashycle that had to be overcome
That situation began to change with the privatization of airmail which became the foundation for scheduled passenger services The Fords had foreseen the future of air transportation So had the Guggenshyheims whose funding for an experimental airline resulted in Western Air Express which began carrying a few passengers almost from the outset WAE would proshyfoundly affect Fokkers American sojourn
Ford aroused public interest by sponsoring the first Commercial Airshyplane Reliability Tour in 1925 The nationwide tour afforded millions of Americans the opportunity to see the latest developments in air transportashytion Fokkers marvelous FVIII3M Tri-Motor produced as an aftershythought and brilliantly demonstrated by its maker was the sensation of the event Reporter Cy Caldwell tongue-in-cheek called it the Fokker PubliCity Tour and Ford himself was so impressed that he bought the airplane and named it the Josephine Ford
Tony Fokker proud of his non-stalling 10-seat Fvll ai rliner had a gen ius for adopting innovative features such as the welded tube f uselage spl it -axle landing gear and full-cantilever wing well before the competition
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 13
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
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In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
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Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
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Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
The FIII introduced in the United States in 1922 needed better landing fields than were generally available at the time This one made profits for its owner by hauling Canadian bootleg
These developments created the climate for a viable manufacturing enterprise that began with the Fokker Universal designed specifishycally for the North American market Noorduyn and his technical staff which included chief engineer A Franc is Arcier a Witteman-Lewis h oldover from the Barling Bomber had formu lated specifications for a
five-passenger monoplane to be powered by a 200- hp Wrigh t J-4 Whirlwind
The Universal embodied the prinshycipa l characteristics of its Dutch predecessors with the exception of the wing which was semi-cantilever Heretofore Fokkers transports had featured cantilever wings innovative in themselves almost to the point of
being proprietary The Universals wide-track tripod landing gear also innovative would be widely emulated in the decade to follow
Up to that point Whirlwind production had been reserved exshyclusively for the military The availabilshyity of the J-4 and J-5 for commercial apshyplications greatly enshyhanced Fokkers proshyspectus for the Whirlshywind was eminently reliable The Univershysal first flown in
October 1925 had come to fruition in the remarkably short gestation period of two months It was an immediate success
Colonial Air Transport acquired the first of three Universals early in 1926 Edd ie Hubbard a pioneer airshymail contractor became Fokkers distributor in the West Eddie flew up and down the Pacific Coast ag-
Hermann Goering last commander of the famed Richtofen Flying Circus was at loose ends following the armistice He became Fokkers sales representative in Sweden before turning to politics This was his DVII demonstrator The cross on the fin has been painted over with white paint and the LVG guns have been removed while their cartridge chutes remain in place Its interesting to note that the biplanes engine is running but Herr Goering is nowhere to be seen
14 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
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Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
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Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
TN ONLY ~nR WAY TO OVfR~ YOR
Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
gressive ly demonstrating the Universal from Canada to Mexshyico This resulted in sa les to Pacific Air Transport and the Aero Corporation of California whose CEO Jack Frye was about to launch the ancestral beginnings of TWA
A gold rush in northern Onshytario near Hudson Bay brought the first of many Canadian orders Wes tern Canada Airways founded by Capt AC Doc Oakes co lshylected his first Universal at the factory on Christmas Day1926 during a heavy snowfall F-32 then the largest airliner in North America seldom carried profitable payloads and
was prone to distributing passenger equanimity when rear engines failed from overheatshywhich necessitated the installa- ing Only three F-32s were in airline service and they retired early tion of skis Oakes was so pleased with the Universal that he ordered two more on floats for with extensive arctic flying experishy invaluable asset to th e Universa l service in the gold-mining district ence Balchen lured to the United program and a great deal more WCA eventually had a fleet of 12 States by Cmdr Richard Byrds Early o n the Canadians found Universals promise of a flying job did much of themselves with severa l damaged
Fokker then hired Bernt Balchen the experimenta l testing at Tetershy aircraft Thi s was due mainly to a young Norwegian army aviator boro He would prove himself an harsh winter flying conditions and
pilot error It was a new kind of flyshying and everyth ing had to be learned the hard way Balchen a skilled mechanic as well as a pilot was loaned out to Western Canada Airways to oversee repairs and get their Universals back in service On his return he was named chief pilot
Whereas the Whirlwinds 200 to 220 hp had seemed sufficient for all practical purposes in 1925 it was not long before customers were agishytating for more horsepower and increased payloads No less a voice than Jack Fryes joined the chorus for more power Frye h aving bought out Hubbard was the new West Coast distributor For him the power issue was more a safety issue For mountain flying 220 hp just wasnt enough
On his way to Spokane for th e 1927 Nationa l Air Races Frye had aCCidentally flown up a blind
Bernt Balchen on indefinite leave from the Norweg ian air force became a Fokker test pilot and field service mechanic while awaiting arctic flying opportunities
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 15
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Fokkers chairman James A Talbott who also presided over Richfield Oil traveled in style in this executive F-10A NC535E was often detailed to events to promote air-mindedness It conveyed thousands of first timers aloft during its four years with Richfield Florence Pancho Barnes sometimes spared pilot Jake Littlejohn at the controls
canyon while wending his way through the Cascades Lacking the power to extricate himself by climbshying out he had no option but to reverse course with a vertical turn The canyon was narrow and steep and the Fokkers wheels brushed leaves from a tree as Frye rolled out of the turn It had been a whiteshyknuckle affair one that Fryes passengers would never forget
A stretched version of the Unishyversal known as th e Universal Special appeared late in 1927 Powshyered by a 400-hp Wasp it had a larger wing but retained the semishycantilever feature The pilotS cockpit was also fully enclosed
(top right) The Fokker Super Universal introduced in 1928 carried six passenshygers It proved to be popular in Canada with bush operators thanks to its yearshyround adaptability on wheels skis or floats
(bottom right) A Universal on Hamilton floats built for the Cuban coast guard
16 SEPTEMBER 2000
with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
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james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
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Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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Brian Neal Monrovia CA
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jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
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Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
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Steve Williams Richmond IN
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John D Hawley Wichita KS
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Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
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Robert] Rittmuller
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Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
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AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
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Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
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Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
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Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
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John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
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E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
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Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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with the windshield raked forward in the characteristic manner of later Fokker Tri-Motors This aircraft was a one-only production
The Super Universal which folshylowed differed mainly in having a new fully cantilever wing and reshyvised tripod landing gear attached to the wing spar The advent of the Sushyper Universal coincided with an expansion program and corporate name change Atlantic Aircraft beshycame Fokker Aircraft Corporation of
The Super Universal became Fokkers best-selling commercial airplane Eighty were built the last of which in 1931 many for Canashydian users Western Canada Airways had 13 In addition Canadian Vickshyers built 14 under license and the Japanese firm of Nakajima built 47 many of which were military C2N-1 utility airplanes Japan Air Transshyport with government subsidies permitting fares commensurate with railroad fares inaugurated pas-
Capt Edward V Rickenbacker as sales manager The company planned to build the giant fourshyengine 32-passenger F-32 at a new plant at Alhambra California but the airplane was neither ready nor the economy right for so capashycious an airplane Production had come to a virtual standstill when Fokker having divested himself of his shares returned to Holland in 1931
The advent of the Great Depres-
A master self-promoter Fokker never missed an opportunity to place his name before the public Richfields management held the majority of Western Air Express stock reequipping the airline with F-10s and F-14s They controlled the Fokker comshypanyin 1928 and 1929
America A new factory was built near Wheeling West Virginia and production of the Super Universal got underway early in 1928
The smaller Universal was reshytained as a companion model for several years mainly for charter opshyerators and private owners The enclosed cockpit became a fixture in 1928 and several engine options raised the horsepower range to 330 Altogether 45 Universals were built half of which were sold to Canadian operators either directly or indirectly as used aircraft
senger services with US-built Super Universals in April 1929 Some were float-equipped to better serve the isshyland empire
Japan by far the largest user of Fokker Universals supplied a numshyber of Nakajima-built aircraft to its puppet state of Manchuko which created the Manchurian Aviation Company Ltd in 1932 an extenshysion of Japans Air Transports Korean service
The Fokker Aircraft Corporation of America became an element of General Motors in May 1929 with
sion and a tragic plane crash in Western Kansas remembered as the Rockne disaster marked the beginshyning of the end of Fokker as a manufacturing entity in America General Motors reorganized Fokker as the General Aviation Manufacshyturing Company which was unprofitable and then sold the dishyvision to North American Aviation in 1934 Many of the skilled craftsshymen included in the transaction were Tony Fokkers countrymen Some would remain on the job into the jet age
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
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Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
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john Livesay Pana IL
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jay Esty Neenah WI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Fokkers bush country workhorse
Aerial photography by Jim Koepnick ground photography by Leslie Hilbert
Early in 1929 the twenty-seventh Super Universa l earmarked for Western Canada Airways and
registered CF-AAM rolled out of Fokkers Teterboro assembly hangar Nobody knows for certain who was at the contro ls when the Wasp was cranked up for its maiden flight The customers representative sometimes carried out these duties which in the case of WCAir was usually Leigh Brintshynell Doc Oakes or Punch Dickins On this occasion however the pilot was almost certainly Bernt Balchens successor Max Holtzem
Balchen had thrown in with Byrd
18 SEPTEMBER 2000
for an Arctic expedition and Holtzem was doing nearly all of the Teterboro fly ing which included experimental and production testing Fokker himself had been doing some of the test tlying but hed cracked up a new Super Unishyversal in October while taking a checkride for a US pilots certificate It was his second serious accident in as many years Even Tony had to admit it was time to let others handle the test flying
Holtzem had joined Fokker at Tetershyboro in 1928 having given up a South American barnstorming operation They had met in 1917 when Holtzem
By John Underwood
was a test pilot for Pfalz Fokker had been much impressed with a show Max had put on with a speedy and agshyile new Pfalz It might have won the fighter competition had the twin-row rotary been equal to the task It quit at an inopportune moment and Holtzem unable to avoid a nasty crash had been trundled off to the hospital He had however walked to the ambushylance
Trained as a military pilot in 1913 Holtzem had been posted to a Taube squadron when war was declared in August 1914 Reconnoitering the front seemed a relatively tranquil way to
conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
bull Basic Sheet Metal bull Electrical Systems bull Fabric Covering bull Finishing amp Spray Painting bull Sheet Metal Forming bull Engine Installation bull TIG amp Gas Welding
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
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Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
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Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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conduct the business of war There was a kind of camaraderie between airmen on both sides at first with salutations of one kind or another as they passed each other over the front lines Then someone took a pot shot at someone else with a revolver and soon the sky became as dangerous a place to be as the battlefields below
Holtzems engagement as a Pfalz test pilot was between two tours with fighter squadrons By the latter part of 1917 there was a greater need for exshyperienced pilots at the front so he was posted to a Fokker DVIII unit By the wars end he had downed four enemy airplanes Decades later as a retiree in California Holtzem liked to point out that his four victories had not been fashytal to the vanquished
Holtzem even in 1916 was fa mous for being able to walk away from crashes So was Doolittle a fellow test pilot But Holtzems military days were over and he saw no future as a flier in Germany so he migrated to South America to operate a flying circus Then came a job offer from Tony Fokker at Teterboro Production had begun to accelerate with the introducshytion of the Super Universa l and the F-lO which was being built at Wheelshying West Virginia
A 30-minute hop was usually enough to sort out any bugs and in the case of AAM there probably wasshynt much that needed attention The wing was jig built and little was reshyquired in the way of rigging adjustments There being no logbooks from that time we may assume that it was a routine test hop and that AAM was handed over to the buyerS ferry pilot on or about February II 1929
Western Canada Airways Fokkers sales representative for the Dominion resold AAM nine weeks later to Conshysolidated Mining and Smelting Ltd (Cominco for short) of Winnipeg Manitoba Canada The company had recently acquired a pair of de Havilshyland Moths in an effor t to make mineral exploration less arduous
Prior to this crews in the field had been obliged to travel by canoe on horseback and on foot when the roads petered out The Moths were a step in
(Top) Staggered seats in the cabin meant side-by-side seating could be had inside the Super Universal According to Punch Dickins there was a need for cockpit security even in 1929 to protect the pilots from smelly sled dogs and drunken prospectors
(Left) Shock absorption at its most maintainable the shock cords snub the impact of landing when acted upon by the sliding tube assembly
the right direction but they were short on payload AAMs mission was to sershyvice remote mining sites both as a freighter and personnel transport
AAMs pilot Ken Dewar had learned to fly in the RFC in 1917 His flight mechanic Bob Niven had trained at Pratt amp Whitney and knew the Wasp inside and out They would work as a team for the next five years during which timeAAM served as the flagship of Comincos growing fleet
The competiti on was doing the same thing and the airplane quickly proved to be a boon to the Canadian mining industry which was just openshying up Indeed it was the bush operations beginning to a large extent with Western Canada Airways that formed the basis for the scheduled air carriers that followed in the latter half of the decade Men like Dewar would become the first ge n eration to ply Canadas airways
Comincos business policy was get there first with the most and to hell with the competition There were the
occasional exceptions when humanishytarian considerations were involved
Late in the fall of 1929 Dewar and Niven were sent to aid in the search and rescue of eight missing prospecshytors working for another company This was the MacAlpine Expedition fielded by Dominion Explorers and equipped with two Fokkers The planes had failed to return to their base and the search for their crews became front page news for two months
AAM relayed fuel and supplies from the railhead to Fort Reliance the base of operations for the search The onset of winter and the remoteness of the area added to the difficulties Niven had to improvise an A-frame using lodgepole spruce to switch from floats to skis It was bitter finger-freezing cold
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 19
The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
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Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
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-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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The search concluded successfully largely due to the lost partys own reshysourcefulness and help from the local Inuit but the cost in equipment was considerable Five aircraft were either seriously damaged or destroyed Dewar and Niven made their last trip out of Fort Reliance on December 4 1929 arshyriving at Winnipeg on the December 6 after an eight-week absence
AAM resumed Cominco business first at Prince Albert and then at The Pas where Dewar was involved in a forced landing in September 1930
most aircraft servicing facility AAM shared a shelter with another
Super Universal G-CASL which beshylonged to Canadian Airways The next morning the aircraft went their sepashyrate ways loaded with prospectors and mining gear Three months later CASL crashed in the vicinity of Yellowknife killing its three-man crew Fifty years later the remains of the one Super Unishyversal would facilitate the rebirth of the other
During 1933 and 1934 AAM served Cominco in the Germanson Lake re-
Dewar reported another accident in February 1934 This time AAM was on skis and they had frozen to the surshyface Efforts to free them were only half successful When Dewar applied power one ski slid forward while the other remained stuck The result was collapsed landing gear Such accidents though routine in bush flying could be catastrophic
CF-AAM based at Columbia Garshydens near Trail British Columbia in September 1934 where Ken Dewar and the Fokker parted company They
(Left) The utilitarian cockpit is basic VFR To the right of the center windshield strip is the mirror used to read the compass which is mounted on the bulkhead behind the pilots head The markings on the compass read backwards unless read in the mirror (Right) From a simpler time the pitot tube is itself an elegant sculpture
While on floats and with no open washyter in sight the Wasp quit Dewar dead sticked into a stubble field The ponshytoons dug in shearing the landing gear struts and AAM flipped over on its back The crew was badly shaken up and bruised but otherwise unhurt
The Fokker was dismantled and taken by rail to the companys shops at Trail British Columbia Six months later it was back in service again on floats after a test hop off the Columbia River
Cominco had mining interests at Great Bear Lake AAM newly equipped with a key and cope radio transmitter was sent there in March 1932 En route the crew spent the night at Fort McMurray the northern
20 SEPTEMBER 2000
gion of the British Columbia interior At this time Dewar saved an aspiring airline operator from certain ruin Grant McConachie a rather impetushyous young man with a natural talent for flying had been grounded His two Fokker Universals had been wrecked and his remaining aircraft a threeshyplace de Havilland Puss Moth had been repossessed
Four of McConachies clients were stranded at a remote gold mine near Two Brothers Lake They were starving Dewar rescued the prospectors one of which became McConachies partner and principal backer in United Air Transport which led to the founding of Yukon Southern Airlines a precurshysor to Canadian Pacific Air Lines
had been paired for five years Dewar subsequently joined Canadian Pacific Air Lines retiring in 1958
In October 1934 AAM was sold to George Simmons of Carcross Yukon Territory for $9800 Simmons doing business at Northern Airways sent his pilot Bob Randall to ferry AAM to its home base This was a lO-hour trip with three intermediate stops Carcross then as now was little changed from its turn of the century gold rush beginshynings but it had become a hub for rail boat and air transport to nearby minshying operations
Business was such that Simmons added a Ford 4-AT G-CARC to his fleet in March 1936 The Tri-Motor had belonged to McConachies burshy
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
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In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
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Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
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Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
geoning airline which was upgrading its equipment Eight hours of flying each day was not uncommon at that time and Randall the principal pilot sometimes logged 150 hours a month Both the Fokker and the Ford flew regshyular mail and passenger runs to Whitehorse Dawson City Telegraph Creek AtIin Selkirk Mayo and Teslin
In the spring of 1935 AAM was chartered by the National Geographic Society to support the Washburn Exshypedition whose mission was to explore and chart the St Elias Range This was a 2000-square-mile blank spot on the map of Canada and Alaska Piloted by Randall and Everett Wasshyson AAM proved indispensable during the 80-day expedition which was featured in the June 1936 issue of National Geographic magazine
On January 6 1936 Bob Randall flew a charter to Francis Lake in AAM It was a 2S0-mile trip with several passhysenger stops along the way and he remained there overnight The next morning he cranked up AAM for the return flight to Carcross It would be a one-minute flight and the journey itshyself would take months to complete
As Randall became airborne the heal of his port ski struck a hard snowshydrift snapping the forward restraining cable attachment This permitted the ski to rotate downward bringing the aft end up hard against the landing gear strut thereby creating enormous asymmetriC drag Randall could not maintain altitude and the toe of the disabled ski snagged another drift causing the aft section to break off when it struck the strut again The ski was now trailing upside down
Randall had no choice but to Land immediately as best he could on the remaining good ski keeping the port wing up as long as possible It was a sushyperb landing under the circumstances AAM had slowed well below flying speed when aileron control played out allowing the port wing to drop with sufficient force to severely damshyage the outboard half
There was no radio at Francis Lake and the ensuing six days of severe weather prevented any contact with the outside world Randalls young
Clark Seaborn Don McLean and Bob Cameron
wife expecting their third child began to fear the worst One can imagine her reshylief when after a week of silence a telegram arrived Bob was fine Inshydeed he would move on to a career with Canadian Pacific Air Lines retirshying as a 3SOOO-hour jet captain So would his twin sons who have also reached retirement A third son and two grandsons continue to fly for CPA
Nineteen thirty-seven was a bad year for Simmons and his partners Northern Airways other Super Univershysal CF-ATJ experienced a similar mishap at Francis Lake This left them with but one aircraft the Ford Tri-Moshytor and its days of usefulness were numbered Ford G-CARC had been damaged at Telegraph Creek in the previous November although it conshytinued in service for several months It was eventually grounded and placed in storage (It s currently awaiting restoration in Greg Herricks hangar but thats another story)
The Fokkers were repaired at Francis Lake under arduous conditions one wing at a time This was accomplished in subzero weather by thrusting the damaged wing through the window of a cabin large enough to accommodate the damaged section This took four men two months and both Fokkers were again flying in March In the folshylowing September AAM was ferried to Vancouver for a thorough recondishytioning
On December 51937 pilot Les Cook taxied for takeoff at Dawson City There was considerable snow on the runway and AAM was still on wheels The Fokker failed to unstick and the aborted takeoff resulted in mashyjor damage to the forward fuselage Simmons decided not to repair the agshying aircraft which by then had attained 32S0-hours on the airframe
The undamaged wing was shipped back to Carcross and eventually inshystalled on Northern Airways replacement Fokker CF-AJC which continued to provide yeoman service until 1942 In June of that year it was engaged in salvaging parts and equipshyment from four B-26s that had crash landed in a nameless valley after beshycoming lost on the way to Fairbanks Thereafter the location was known as Million Dollar Valley
On its last trip the Fokker diverted by weather landed on the Dezdeash River little more than a stream with nearly empty tanks After refueling a takeoff was attempted but the airshyplane struck an overhanging tree The result was a violent water loop into the riverbank The engine and fuselage were salvageable but the unwieldy wing was abandoned beside the river Thus ended the career of AAMs origishynal wing
Fast-forward four decades
A second-generation Canadian bush pilot Bob Cameron not yet born when the forgoing transpired had been aware of the remains of AAM for some time They were worth salshyvaging but Cameron didnt quite know what to do about the commushynity of hippies living at the site They might not take kindly to an inshytruder especially if they were raising a little pot with their carrots and beans
One day Cameron decided to make his move He and a friend went in with a helicopter hooked a cable to
-continued on page 27 VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
BUILDERS WORKSHOP Griffin Georgia September 23-24 2000
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
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Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
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Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
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julian A Smith Eagle River AK
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james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
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Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
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Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
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Robert] Rittmuller
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Mark Baris Baltimore MD
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Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
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Bud Walker Bel Air MD
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R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
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Steve Swinney Raytown MO
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Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
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business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
commentary
Forced Landing Attitude One reason why flying can be more dangerous today than it was 7S years ago
By Denis M Arbeau
Flying more dangerous now than it was 75 years ago Thats silly you say I can understand why
you would feel that way Orville Wright did not sign your pilot s lishycense and you don t fly an old antique biplane with an unreliable 90-some-odd horsepower engine that may quit at any moment Your engine is highly maintained to the strict levels that common sense and safety require It is a basic relatively modern long-reliable design that has flown millions of safe hours in thousands of airplanes Modern airshyplane engines rarely fail In fact the vast majority of pilots today will never experience an actual engine failure in their entire flying career
In his short story The Snowflake and the Dinosaur from the book Gift of Wings Richard Bach wrote When you fly old-time airshyplanes you expect to have forced landings now and then Its nothing special its part of the game and no wise pilot flies an antique out of glidshying distance of a place to land In my few years flying Id had seventeen forced landings not one of which I
22 SEPTEMBER 2000
Modem day pilots
may not take the
prospect ofa forced
landing as seriously
as their pioneer
brethren did
had ever thought unfair for all of which I was more or less prepared But this was different The Luscombe I flew now was hardly an antique and had one of the worlds most relishyable engines Modern airplane pilots dont want to be bothered with such things as aerobatic trainshying and forced-landing practice Chances are rare that theyll ever stop or that a minor little linkage will break in half Because a forced landing is honestly quite unfair I began to realize that pilots get to
thinking it cant possibly happen Today most pilots from the time
they go to full throttle on takeoff unshytil the moment they turn off the runway are not mentally prepared to immediately deal with the chalshylenge of what they would do and where they would land if an engine failed Ironically it is because of the reliability of modern aviation enshygines that the vast majority of pilots are lulled into being unprepared
Ive given more than 10000 hours of dual instruction and have seldom seen pilots handle unexpected simushylated engine failures properly during training or BFRs Usually the first few critical seconds after all goes quiet are spent inactive in shock tryshying to deal with the fact that the unthinkabl e has happened The worst case scenario had come true When the pilot has not kept his conshytinuous plan for dealing with an engine failure in the back of his mind surviving the ensuing forced landing is 90 percent luck Ive seen it Time and time again
AIRPLANES DO NOT PLUMMET STRAIGHT DOWN TO THE
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
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As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
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Alexander Tullis
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
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john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
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Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
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Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
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Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
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james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
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Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
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Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
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Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
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jack Spring Kentwood LA
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1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
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Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
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Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
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John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
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Gary H Ransom Delta PA
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
GROUND AFTER AN ENGINE FAILshyURE A pilot who is not mentally prepared to manage a forced landing will most likely panic and try to make the airplane do something it is not capable of doing In fact there is a group of Internet Swifters out there who will recall they were standing right next to me a few years ago at Shelter Cove Airport in Northern California when we were witnesses to a pilot reacting in just that way He took his wife two kids and least of all a very nice Stinson with himMost forced landings that end in fatalities are the result of the pilot stalling the airplane close to the ground in some panic-driven atshytempt to delay the inevitable It must be understood that when forced landings are accomplished with the aircraft under positive conshytrol even in impossible terrain the pilot and passengers have the best chance of survival
Am I telling yo u anything you didn t know Of course not you say Easy to say of course not when you sit safe and secure staring at this page But when you are lets say
500 feet in the air and the engine stops and you were not ready for something like this to happen how well do you think you are going to handle it Unless youre prepared you probably wont do very well
Sure sometimes we fly our airshycraft in situations andor over terrain where if the engine stops its going to be hard if not impossible to find a reasonably safe place to set the aircraft down It is our right and our decision to accept that risk should we choose to do so But not being mentally prepared to corshyrectly deal with the unexpected significantly increases that risk even over the most ideal types of forced landing terrain
Most instructors are good about teaching and practicing forced landshyings with their students The best ones even find a way to encourage those pilots that they can influence to practice these tasks with an inshystructor from time to time But many overlook development of that ALL THE TIME mind-set in their students that keeps them thinking about how they would handle an engine failure
at any given moment while in flight Thats the key to being properly preshypared to have a reasonable chance to bring a forced landing to a successful conclusion
Ill probably go flying within the next 24 hours after I write what youve just finished reading here If I am true to what Ive just discussed I will after I take the runway and just before I go to full throttle turn on that switch in the back of my mind that arms me to react to an engine failure as best I can That switch will not be turned off until I am back on the ground Instructors can tell us to do that but we have to remember to do it
Seventy-five years ago the trainshying and mind-set put the possibility of an engine failure foremost in the minds of each aviator making them safer pilots than if they ignored the high probability the event would ocshycur in their flying career These days most pilots are not ready so I put the question to you When it comes to an engine failure are you as preshypared as the pioneer pilot who flew 75 years ago
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 23
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
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james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
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Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
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C joseph Beck Wichita KS
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jack Spring Kentwood LA
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james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
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Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
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Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
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Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
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James Strawn janesville WI
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James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
by HC Frautschy
Zephyr and POIter(ield Sportster The last remaining Rearwin Jr 3000
of 23 built NCll092 belonging to Marion McCLure (Wiley Post biplane
Thanks to the collection of R W Buttke we have this month s Mysshytery Plane to share with you Now obviously we know who made it but which one is it Send your anshyswers to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Your answers need to be in no later than October 25 2000 for inshyclusion in the December issue of Vintage Airplane
You can also send your response via e-mail Send your answer to vinshytageeaaorg
Be sure to include both your name and address in the body of your note and put (Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line
owner) of Bloomington Illinois was soLd at auction in Billings Montana for $35000 The original new price was $1795 in 1932 The Junior was then donated to the Oscar Cooke Museum
Oscar Cooke re-registered the Junior as N507Y after Rearwin Junior X507Y An Aero Digest ad for Annitie All-Purshypose Cleaning Compound shows this X507Y with the wing and tail the same color shade as the fuselage Possible color was red with a black spear point strip and registry
Regards Russ Brown Lyndhurst Ohio
Julys Mystery Plane which apshypeared courtesy of David Carlson Hay Springs Nebraska was known to a number of you Heres our first letter
Hanging high above farm equipment seats and Lanterns is the bright red and yellow parasol Rearwin Junior 3000 with Say-kay heads (SzekeLy 45 hp) hanging on by straps
The Rearwin Jr is a sister ship to the Eaglet design by Doug Weber and Noel Hockaday at the American Eagle Co of Ed Porterfield Further Eaglet types were built as the Rearwin Jr Porterfield Wyandotte Pup Parasol Zephyr Cabin
David Carlson shot this photo of the Rearwin 3000 NS07Y (formerly NCll092) at the now closed Oscars Dreamland in Billings Montana A major part of the colshylection was sold at auction this past June and the registration number does not curshyrently show up on the FAA register
24 SEPTEMBER 2000
Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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Til 0 R 0 U 0 II B R E I) t I bull I~ middot I Jr -0-----c---------
l 4Ii Le p r oud I 0 Heftr r
H F4R lIIIJ H P L4lIIIJEibull bull-0bullbullbullbullat 4 FAIIIHX AlilPOkT KANSAS enmiddoty )lANIAS
In Tilamp JRARWIH JII AT T il E OpoundTIIOtT SIlOW-ON TilE FLOOR AND IN THE AIR
~ I n -I1Ioot ~middotbullbullIJtoiT~ 5 bullbull
H~I =Z~=~~t-i~~ II~H
As advertised in the April 1932 issue of Aero Digest
Lester Everett Jr of Crawshyfordsville Indiana adds
Manufactured in Kansas City Kansas it was designed in 1931 and produced in 1932 The Junior was available with either the Szekely 45 hp or the Aeromarine AR-3 50 hp engine
The aircraft was a two -seater in a single tandem cockpit with dual conshytroLs A detachable winter enclosure was available The wing span was 36 ft Length 21 ft 8 in and the height was 7 ft 6 in Cruis ing speed was 78 mph with a top speed of91 mph Landing speed was 25 mph absolute ceiling was 16400 ft with an initial rate ofclimb of 700 fpm
The Rearwin Junior pictured is still hanging in the late Oscar Coo ke Farm Imp lement Mu seum- Osca rs Dreamland in Billings Montana
Other correct answers were reshyceived from Wayne Mux low Minneapolis Minnesota Frank Abar Livonia Michigan Ed Kastshyner Elma New York Larry Knechtel Seattle Washington Dr Ed Garber Fayetteville North Car shyolina Ken Brugh Jr Roaring Gap North Carolina and John H Hess of Manheim Pennsylvania
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
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Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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-Thirty Five Years continued from page 8
been called upon to support the airshyplanes estimated weight of 195000 pounds in wings level cruising flight was now called upon to support an effective weight due to the arcing parabola of 1 million pounds For it to do so was aerodynamically imposshysible and the terribly flexed wing close to the point of failure went into a shattering high speed stall
The subsequent fearful pounding was described as extremely severe yet in a few seconds the altimeter one of the two useful instruments on Captain Lynchs panel began slowing from its unwinding screamshying dive then as zooming upward flight into the night sky was asshysumed began winding at a fearful rate in the opposite direction The dive had been arrested somewhere near 6000 feet then back at about 11000 feet the airplane was finally pushed over into level flight where the airspeed gradually began dropshyping for the first time from its pegged position at 400 knots The throttles throughout were in the tight closed position
As speed diminished the airplane became nose heavy and Sinski at Waldos request and still in his pedestal straddling position hand cranked the cockpit stabilizer wheel in response It wasnt until this point that Sinski was able to reach forward and actuate switches to crossover Lynchs artificial horizon so that it repeated off Sam Peters instrument which had not tumbled and Waldo again had aircraft attitude informashytion displayed on his panel
As the airspeed continued to slow Waldo realized with great relief that the 707 was apparently still in one piece but he also realized that the flight could never hope to make Gander if they stayed at such fuel consuming low altitudes Unsure of the engines he gingerly advanced the thrust levers and was asshytounded first that all engines appeared to be still attached to the
26 SEPTEMBER 2000
airframe and second that they reshysponded normally A careful climb was made back to 29000 feet where flight at slow speed range cruise was established
In the cockpit as they leveled off little was said with all busy with they own thoughts At Waldos reshyquest Sinski left his engineers station to check the main cabin for injuries and possible damage There in response to a public address anshynouncement the cabin was being prepared for a possible emergency landing and the life rafts had been lowered from their ceiling storage positions and laid in their assigned aisle positions adjacent to exit doors and windows As George worked his way back and over the rafts passenshygers and cabin crew members impulsively grasped his hand and squeezed his arm in gratitude
At last on a sparkling clear night the lights of Gander could be seen far ahead As a precautionary meashysure as the flight descended through 10000 feet the airplane was temshyporarily leveled off slowed and the gear and wing flaps extended to check their operation Except for a previously observed difficulty in esshytablishing lateral trim and a now somewhat sluggish response to aileron inputs control seemed near normal and a normal approach and landing was made although flown at higher speeds due to Lynchs unshycertainty at what yet might be encountered
A short while later as the airplane slowly taxied through the night to the ramp there were cheers and apshyplause from the relieved passengers The flight crew debarked last and then walked around and examined the jetliners exterior in the glare of ramp floodlights First noted was the large outboard aileron on the left wing which hung downward its drive system broken It had been trailing uselessly in the airflows of flight There were heavy wrinkles in the fuselage skin and large creases in the wing root fairings where the big wing had flexed upward and a large
30-inch section of the fairing was missing and had fallen into the cold Atlantic The tail root fairings were also damaged and there were heavy wrinkles in the skin of the tail s horishyzontal stabilizer
Boeing engineers later estimated the plane dove to a speed of 99 Mach just below the speed of sound and far beyond its design limits During the 707s earlier certification destruct tests conducted with hyshydraulic jacks on the factory floor the wing tips were purposely and very gradually flexed upwards 17 feet from their normal in-flight position before permanent set to the wings structure began to take place Later checks on Lynchs airplane after it was ferried to the factory showed that the wings under the 67 G pullshyout loads had taken a permanent set of several inches It is not diffishycult to visualize the loads that this wing was subjected to and its surshyvival is quite a tribute to an extremely well-built strong airshyplane which returned and flew the airline for many years afterward
Waldos recovery was effected in the black of night and in cloud and flown from a full aft and low seat position with only two usable inshystruments of flight the Turn Indicator and the Altimeter He afshyterward noted had he been able to get his feet on the rudder pedals he probably would have caused damage to or parting of the airplanes vertishycal tail surfaces or possibly caused an engine or engines to part comshypany with the airframe As it was several engine mount bolts were later found bent into U shapes
In summation had not some fine basic and intuitive airmanshyship plus some fine crew back-up come through under extremely difshyficult flight conditions there would have been a totally unexshyplainable disappearance of a new jetliner into the dark wintry waters of the North Atlantic Had this ocshycurred the newly opening era of this great airplane would have been set back for years ~
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
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Alexander Tullis
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28 SEPTEMBER 2000
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Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
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Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
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R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
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jay Esty Neenah WI
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
-Yukon from page 21
the remains while the helicopter hovered and plucked them out beshyfore the astonished hippies knew what was happening What was left o f AAM was soo n on the way to Whitehorse Camerons home base
Cameron made further inquiries and determined that AMMs wing might still b e where it had been abandon ed in 1942 80 miles from Whitehorse Hed spoken to a hunter who had seen it some years before The hunter had been in too great a hurry to investigate the remains His main co ncern at the time wa s putting distance between himself and a bear
The hunter known as Scotty led Cameron to the site It was difficult to find being an isolated spot and it seemed to be the last place in the world one would pick to land an airshyplane on floats Yet there was AAMs decomposing wing inconshytrovertible evidence that an airplane h ad once landed there on what passed for a river and tried to take off again Alas the wing was too far gone except for a bucket full of fitshytings In the summer of 1982 Clark Seaborns family stood aghast at the sight of a trailer-load of junk being dumped in the driveway of their Calgary h ome Lying on the paveshyment were the rusting components of not one but several Fokker Super Universals including the remnants of CF-AAM They had come from the Western Canada Aviation Mushyseum In time there would be still more bits and pieces salvaged from the crash of CASL AAMs long-ago shelter mate at Fort McMurra y Seaborn himself had flown to a lake near Yellowknife the nearest town and hiked to the crash site
Seaborn a vintage plane enthusishyast with a Waco UIC had set for himself the task of re-creating CFshyAAM as a museum piece Moreover it would be a flying museum piece Seaborn had arranged with the Westshy
-continued on page 30
Fly-In Calendar Thefollowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter ofinforshymation only and does not constitute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed Please send the inforshymation to EAA Au Vintage Airplane Po Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Information should be received four months prior to the event date
EAA Regional Fly-Ins shown in bold
SEPTEMBER 15-I7-WATERTOWN WI-(RNV) 16th Annual Byron Smith Memorial Stinson Reunion Info Suezette Selig 630904-6964
SEPTEMBER J6-17-ROCK FALLS IL-Whiteside County Airport (SQI) North Central EAA Old fashioned Fly-ln Sun morning pancake breakshyfast Info 630543-6743 oreaa IOI aolcom
SEPTEMBER J7-LANSING IL-EAA Chapter 260 Fly-InlDrive-In pancake breakfasl Info 708474shy3748 or 708798-3801
SEPTEMBER 22-23-BARTLESVILLE OK-Frank Phillips Field 43rd Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-ln Info Charlie Harris 918622-8400
SEPTEMBER 23-24-ZANESVILLE OHIO-Johns Landing VAA Chapter 22 9th Anuual Fall Fly-In Breakfast both days Hog roast on Saturday night Info Virginia at 740453-6889 or 740455-9900
SEPTEMBER 22-23-ASHEBORO NC-EAA Chapter 11 76 Aerofest 2000 at Smith Airfield Oldfashshyioned grass field Jly-in and pig pickin Unicom 1229 Info JejJSmith 336879-2830
SEPTEMBER 30-HANOVER IN-Lee Bollom Airshyport (641) Wood Fabric and Tailwheels Fly-ln Rain date 101 starts atlO am Info Rich Davidshyson 812866-5654 I1r211 75thaolcom
OCTOBER 5-8-GAINSVILLE TX-(GLE) 25th anshynuai international Cessna 120140 Fly-In Info L or M Richey 940670-1883 or mricheyntwsnet
OCTOBER 6-7 - SONORA CA - Columbia airport Western Waco Reunion Info Jon Aldrich 209962-621
OCTOBER 6-8-DAYTON OH-Luscombe Reunion at Moraine Air Park(173) Call Mike Williams 937859-8967
OCTOBER 6-8 - TOUGHKENA MON PA - EAA East Coast Fly-In Info 3021894-1094 or www eastcoastflyin_org
OCTOBER 6-8 - EVERGREEN AL - EM Southeast Regional Fly-In (SERF) Info 3341578-1707 or wwwserjiorg
OCTOBER 12-15 - MESA AZ-Copperstate Regional EAA Fly-In_ Williams Gateway Airport_ Info 5201400-8887or www_copperstateorg
OCTOBER 21-DAYTON OH-AntiqueClassic Chili Fly-IN at Moraine Airpark (I73) Call Darrell Montgomery at 937866-2489
OCTOBER 14-ADA OK-4th annual Plane Fun Fly-In and Youth Expo sponsored by EAA Chapter 1005 at Ada Muni Airport (KA DH) Free T-shirtfor first 50 pilots Info Terry Hall 580436-8190
OCTOBER 12-15-WICHITA KS-Travel Air 75th Anniversary Homecoming Celebration Raytheon Aircraft Beech Field For scheduled events and registration materials send SASE to Travel Air Restorers Assn 4925 Wilma Way San Jose CA 95124 or Mike Sloan ofRaytheon Aircraft PO Box 85 Wichita KS 67201
OCTOBER 14 - RIDGEWAY VA - Pace Field (N363505 W795248) Old Fashioned Grass Field Fly-In Pig-Picking EAA Chapter 970 Info Tommy Pace 540956-2159
OCTOBER 20-21 - ABILENE TX-EAA SOllthwest Regional Fly-III The Big cOllntry Fly-In Info8001727-7704 or lVlVwslVrjiorg
SEPTEMBER 16 - ANDOVER NJ-AndovershyAeroJlex Airport (12NJ- Vintage Aircraft Assoc Chapter 7Annllal Fly-In_ Rail date 9117
SEPTEMBER 22-24 -LOUISE TX- Il th annual Under the Wing Jly- in at the Flying Vranch Info Robbie 979548-2163 orjlyingvykccom
OCTOBER 6-8 - DARLINGTON SC-Fall VAA Chapter 3jly-in Awards major speaker EAAfelshylowship Info 910947-1853 and 757873-3059 (FAX)
OCTOBER 14 - NORTH HAMPTON NH- Hampshyton Airfield 10th annual VAA Chapter 15 Pupkin Patch Pancake Breakfast Jly-in 8 am-12 pm Rain date1015 Info 603539-7168 or the Airshyfield 603964-6749
JA NUA RY 1 2001- NAPPANEE IN-10th annual New Years Day Hang Over jly-in sponsored by EAA Chapter 938 II am-2 pm Info Fast Edshydie 219546-2795 or the chapter website WlVlVbnillnetl-jlyboy
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 27
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
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1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
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faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
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John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
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Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
The words EM ULTRALIGHT FLY WITH THE FIRST TEAM SPORT AVIATION FOR THE lOVE OF FLYING and the logos of EM EAA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION EAA VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INTERNAmiddot TIONAl AEROBATIC CLUB WAR BIRDS OF AMERICA are ill registered trademarks THE EM SKY SHOPPE and logos of the EM AVIATION FOUNDATION EM ULTRALIGHT CONVENTION and EAA AirYenlure are tradeshymarks of the above associations and their use by any person other than the above association is strictly prohibited
32 SEPTEMBER 2000
NEW MEMBERS Mike Bourget Orleans Ontario Canada
Barry G Smith Oakville Ontario Canada
Leopold Veilleux
St George Quebec Canada
Stephane Ollier
St Rambert DAlbon France
Richard Moore Boston Great Britain
Alexander Tullis
Black Heath Great Britain
jeffrey W Salter
Holywood Co Down Ireland
Kuni Hasegawa Tokyo japan
[van Campbell
Christchurch New Zealand
james Schmidt
Warkworth New Zealand
Mervyn R Thompson
Christchurch New Zealand
Eric Grover
Pretoria Republic of South Africa
William justusson Dhahran Saudi Arabia
Franz Straumann Elgg Switzerland
Duane A Peters Anchorage AK
julian A Smith Eagle River AK
Dennis L Hasha Tuscombia AL
Sidney L Brain Russellville AR
jason P Overman Cabot AR
Donald Downin Mesa AZ
David Klingensmith Mesa AZ
james Knapp Casa Grande AZ
Robert j OConnell Mesa AZ
Ronald A Starling Tempe AZ
Harlan Weissenborn Aguila AZ
Mark Boenke Santa Rosa CA
j Brian DalPorto San jose CA
John M Frank Santa Maria CA
Mark Kevin Holmes Chino CA
Fernand A Labrecque Riverside CA
james Lawson Ridgecrest CA
Bob F Leitch San jose CA
Peter Lloyd Walnut Creek CA
28 SEPTEMBER 2000
Robert A Loogman Hanford CA
Kevin Mccarthy Pacifica CA
Brian Neal Monrovia CA
William R Schicora Winchester CA
jeffrey Scholz Perris CA
Phil Schultz Lancaster CA
Richard A Sweet Ventura CA
Klaus ten Hagen Sunnyvale CA
Dirk A VanCott Rescue CA
john C Watts San Diego CA
Bradley P Hindman Littleton CO
Kris D Kluge Colorado Springs CO
Tom Poeling Eckert CO
Stephen A Tonozzi
Glenwood Springs CO
Robert L Williams Erie CO
Roger L Klein Hadlyme CT
john B Pelkey Sr Enfield CT
john Benson Naples FL
Jeffrey A Jones Ciearwater FL
William Lowery Geneva FL
William G Mercer jacksonville FL
Art K Sproch jacksonville FL
Kempton Ballard Jr Newnan GA
Stiles D Brown Newnan GA
Steve Forsyth Atlanta GA
Ryan R Funk Atlanta GA
Allen Hayes Honolulu HI
Jack E Arthur Des Moines IA
Richard Minette lowa City IA
Tim Steffen Spencer IA
Charles L Farrey Athol ID
Donald R Bartlett Carterville IL
Kermit Carlson Batavia IL
james] Coonan Ransom IL
joseph M Czaplicki Zion IL
Scott Downer Mundelein IL
Raymond Dreisbach Shefffield IL
Wayne Gedutis Lockport IL
Steve Haupert Hoffman Estates IL
john Livesay Pana IL
John Reinert Crystal Lake IL
Kenneth W Schrader Decatur IL
Michael R Sices Gurnee IL
Allen C Smith New Berlin IL
Carl J Tortorige Quincy IL
Randy D Whitaker Woodstock IL
Robert W Williams Lexington IL
Mark W Hanna 1I Markleville IN
William Hiller Marion IN
Randall Hockenberry Ft Wayne IN
Frederick A Martin Columbia City IN
Scott A Martin Lizton I
Stanley R Peters Columbia City I
Eric T Van Horn Linton IN
Mark A Werkema Granger IN
Steve Williams Richmond IN
C joseph Beck Wichita KS
Francis Cannon Wichita KS
John D Hawley Wichita KS
Patrick R Hicks Mayetla KS
Robert Bain Nicholasvi lle KY
Anthony M Ball McCreary KY
David Lowe Sacramento KY
Nick Rosato River Ridge LA
jack Spring Kentwood LA
David I Arch Pocasset MA
Sheldon Buck Weliesley MA
Rodney Hinkle Falmouth MA
Robert] Rittmuller
North Falmouth MA
Linda P Soltys Gilbertville MA
Mark Baris Baltimore MD
James Douglass Kennedyville MD
Marvin Merryman Jr Columbia MD
Arnold Stackhouse Havre-de-Grace MD
Bud Walker Bel Air MD
William Bertrand Harrison MI
Stanley G Bieker Greenville MI
Derek K Bradfield Berrien Springs MI
Josephine M Clark Traverse City MI
Norman Croteau Ontonagon MI
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
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Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
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Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
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E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
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Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
VINTAGE TRADER
Something to buy sell or trade
An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod bearings main bearings camshaft bearings master rods valves Call us Toll Free 1800233-6934 e-mail ramremfgaolcom Web site www ramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA99202
AIRCRAFT LINEN - Imported Fabric tapes For a 18 by 18 sample send $1000 Contact for price list WW I Aviation Originals Ltd 18 Journeys End Mendon VT 05701 USA Tel 802786-0705 Fax 802786-2129 E-mail WwlavorigAOLcom
Wear Your Favorite Airplane wwwairplanetshirtscom 1800645-7739 Youll look good in one
1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
TN ONLY ~nR WAY TO OVfR~ YOR
Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
Complete interior assemblies for do-it-yourself installation
Custom quality at economical prices
bull Cushion upholstery sets bull Wall panel sets bull Headliners bull Carpet sets bull Baggage compartment sets bull Firewall covers bull Seat slings bull Recover envelopes and dopes
Free catalog of complete product line
Fabric Selection Guide showing actual sample colors and styles of materials $300
Qi~RODUCTSI INC iii
259 Lower Morrisville Rd Dept VA Fallsington PA 19054 (215) 295-4115 ~ wwwairtexinteriorscom
~hy Poly-fiber Because for 30 years builders have followed our easy steps and achieved safe truly superlative long-lasting results And Poly-Fiber products are painstakingly manufactured and proven over time Our reader-friendly manual is almost like having an instructor right there with you and ifyoud like some coaching tJy one ofour hands-on woriltshops Theres also a step-by-step video a kit for practicing with Poly-Fiber plus a web site full of information
wwwpolyfibercom
e-mail iniopoJyiibercom BfpoundHfnAircraft Coatings
30
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
approved
To become an
EAA Vintage
Aircraft
Association
Member call
800-843-3612
We began insuring with AUA because
of our activities with old airplanes
Other insurance companies replied
You want to insure a what AUA said
No problem we do this all the time
AUA is unsurpassed in their
understanding and service for antique
and classic aircraft
- John and Kathy McMurray
The best is affordable
Give AUA a call - its FREE
800-727-3823 Fly with the pros fly with AUA Inc
AUAs Exclusive EAA Vintage Aircraft Association Insurance Program
Lower liability and hull premiums
Medical payments included
Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages
No hand-propping exclusion
No age penalty
No component parts endorsements
Discounts for cla im-free renewals carrying all risk coverages
Remember Were SeHer Togetherl
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Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
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32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Christopher E Dackson Ypsilanti MI
Scott D Downing Marion MI
Ken M Holster Cornell Ml
Kenneth jablonski Waterford MI
Robert Thorn Ruffini Berkley MI
AI Todd Stevensville MI
Hartland W Deering Stillwater MN
Randy Huyck Anoka MN
R William Ingvoldstad Nisswa MN
Merrill Jorgenson Prior Lake MN
Kelly Koza Winona MN
Thomas H Lymburn Princeton MN
Kevin R Moeri Mankato MN
Dennis D Moser Princeton MN
David Arthur Skogland Shakopee MN
Gene D Uselman Blaine MN
Kevin Jay Clark Grandview MO
Arthur W Stewart Crestwood MO
Steve Swinney Raytown MO
Daniel K Fordice Vicksburg MS
James D Threlkeld Columbus MS
Larry O jenkins Charlotte NC
Jon R Mitchell Lexington NC
Rodney Lyle Erickson Fairmount ND
Gary M Stagl Mandan ND
Steve R Wetherbee Fairmount ND
Larry Glabe Hickman NE
Robert H Baker Merrimack NH
Alan Emerson Laconia NH
H W Egdorf Los Alamos NM
Kenneth Jensen Edgewood NM
Richard E Dayton Freeville NY
Hubert U Gammill Wingdale NY
John E Garzione Sherburne NY
1 Sapodin Atlantic Beach NY
James Zambik E Moriches NY
Timothy Bodnar E Palestine OH
Roger 1 James Conover OH
Bernard Rottkamp Warren OH
William R Rousseau Salem OH
Mike Thomas Stich Uniontown OH
Mike Bass Quapaw OK
Douglas M Frantz Mustang OK
james Aaron Portland OR
Rod Andersen Banks OR
Ted Millar Portland OR
Robert W Saville Eugene OR
John Berkstresser Bethlehem PA
james S Dodson jr East Freedom PA
Patricia Early Palmyra PA
David A Hostetter Sheppinsburg PA
Gary H Ransom Delta PA
Richard S Rhoton Pittsburgh PA
Marc Roberts Thomasville PA
William E Bell Summerville SC
Jim Herpst Lexington SC
Wayne Norris Jr Seneca SC
John Loudermilk Brentwood TN
Donald D Way Rickman TN
David C Crowe Georgetown TX
Ronald Havelaar Arlington TX
Don Johnson Houston TX
Douglas Lathem Dalhart TX
Don J Loughran Dallas TX
Michael Alan Luigs Bandera TX
Michael Masterov Houston TX
Robert Michie Lago Vista TX
Eric Motz Galveston TX
Christine Terrell Wichita Falls TX
Matt Witt Waco TX
David Beazley Palmyra VA
Michael] Finnegan Leesburg VA
Mark Walker New Castle VA
Michael P Day Sedro Woolley WA
Leonard H Guttersen Leavenworth WA
Kent Mehrer Mukilted WA
Douglas Szymik Kent WA
Cindy C Wischmeyer Redmond W A
Allan O Checky Merrimac WI
Gary G Crossman Eau Claire WI
Thomas A DeWinter Waunakee WI
jay Esty Neenah WI
joseph W Farwell LaCrosse WI
Darryl D Jordan Evansville WI
Gregory T Kerkenbush Madison WI
Daniel C Korth Cambridge WI
Walter C Lange Allenton WI
Mark D McNab Milwaukee WI
Graham Olson Elkhorn WI
Richard Reinhart Appleton WI
Wolfgang Rittgers La Crosse WI
E Joe Rounce Shell Lake WI
Gregory H Smith Clintonville WI
James Strawn janesville WI
Sam Taber East Troy WI
Eugene H Vande Hey Wrightstown WI
Donald H Walter Algoma WI
Thomas R Weiler New Franken WI
James A Wilcox Altoona WI
VINTAGE TRADER
Something to buy sell or trade
An inexpensive ad in the Vintage Trader may be just the answer to obtaining that elusive part 55cent per word $800 minimum charge Send your ad and payment to Vintage Trader EAA Aviation Center PO B ox 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 or ax your ad and your credit card number to 9201426-4828 Ads must be received by the 20th othe monthor insertion in the issue the second month ollowshying (eg October 20thor the December issue)
MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod bearings main bearings camshaft bearings master rods valves Call us Toll Free 1800233-6934 e-mail ramremfgaolcom Web site www ramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA99202
AIRCRAFT LINEN - Imported Fabric tapes For a 18 by 18 sample send $1000 Contact for price list WW I Aviation Originals Ltd 18 Journeys End Mendon VT 05701 USA Tel 802786-0705 Fax 802786-2129 E-mail WwlavorigAOLcom
Wear Your Favorite Airplane wwwairplanetshirtscom 1800645-7739 Youll look good in one
1940s aircraft oil temperature gauges - 8 capilshylary new-old stock $125 bull Wind generators comshyplete with aluminum propeller new-old stock $300 bull 1920s and 1930s ACCA aircraft yearbooks $125 each Brass 2 Pioneer Venturi $145 bull BuySelllTrade vintage aircraft instruments and parts bull Old Jon Aldrich PhFax 209962-6121 EshyMail oldjongoldrushcom
VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
TN ONLY ~nR WAY TO OVfR~ YOR
Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
Complete interior assemblies for do-it-yourself installation
Custom quality at economical prices
bull Cushion upholstery sets bull Wall panel sets bull Headliners bull Carpet sets bull Baggage compartment sets bull Firewall covers bull Seat slings bull Recover envelopes and dopes
Free catalog of complete product line
Fabric Selection Guide showing actual sample colors and styles of materials $300
Qi~RODUCTSI INC iii
259 Lower Morrisville Rd Dept VA Fallsington PA 19054 (215) 295-4115 ~ wwwairtexinteriorscom
~hy Poly-fiber Because for 30 years builders have followed our easy steps and achieved safe truly superlative long-lasting results And Poly-Fiber products are painstakingly manufactured and proven over time Our reader-friendly manual is almost like having an instructor right there with you and ifyoud like some coaching tJy one ofour hands-on woriltshops Theres also a step-by-step video a kit for practicing with Poly-Fiber plus a web site full of information
wwwpolyfibercom
e-mail iniopoJyiibercom BfpoundHfnAircraft Coatings
30
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
approved
To become an
EAA Vintage
Aircraft
Association
Member call
800-843-3612
We began insuring with AUA because
of our activities with old airplanes
Other insurance companies replied
You want to insure a what AUA said
No problem we do this all the time
AUA is unsurpassed in their
understanding and service for antique
and classic aircraft
- John and Kathy McMurray
The best is affordable
Give AUA a call - its FREE
800-727-3823 Fly with the pros fly with AUA Inc
AUAs Exclusive EAA Vintage Aircraft Association Insurance Program
Lower liability and hull premiums
Medical payments included
Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages
No hand-propping exclusion
No age penalty
No component parts endorsements
Discounts for cla im-free renewals carrying all risk coverages
Remember Were SeHer Togetherl
AVIATION UNLIMITED AGENCY
VINTAGE AIRCRAFT
Membershi~ Services Directoy_ Enjoy the many benefits ofBAA and the
ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS President Vice-President
Espie Butch Joyce George Daubner PO Box 35584 2448 laugh lane
Greensboro NC 27425 Hartford WI 53027 336 393-0344 262673-5885
a-moll w indsockaolcom a-moil ontique2aolocom
TreasurerSecretary Chanes W HarrisSteve Nesse 7215 East 46th St2009 Highland Ave Tulsa OK 74145Albert Leo MN 5fflJ7
918622-8400507373-1674 cwhhv5ucom
DIRECTORS Robert C middotBobmiddot Brauer Steve Krog
9345 S Hoyne 1002 Heather In Chicago Il 60620 Hartford WI 53027
773779-2105 262966-7627 ampmai photoplkltaaicom e-mail sskrogoolcom
John Berendt Robert D middotBobmiddot lumley 7645 Echo Point Rd 1265 South 124th St
Cannon Falls MN 55009 Brookfield WI53DOS 507263-2414 414782middot2633
e-mail John S Copeland lumperexecpccom 1 A Deacon Street
Northborough MA 01532 Gene Morris 508393-4775 5936 Steve Court
e-mail Roanoke TX 76262 copeklnd ljunocom 817491-9110
e-mail n03captflashnet Phil Coulson
28415 Springbrook Dr Dean Richardson lawton M149065 1429 Kings lynn Rd
616624-6490 Stoughton WI 53589 608877-8485
Roger Gomoll darresprodcom 321-1 2 S Broadway 3 Rochester MN 55904 Geoff Robison
507288-2810 1521 E MacGregor Dr rgomollhotmailcom New Hoven IN 46774
219493-4724 Dale A Gustatsan ampmail chief7(Y25aolcom 7724 Shady Hili Dr
Indianapolis IN 46278 SH Wes Schmid 317293-44JO 2359lefeber Avenue
Wauwatosa W153213 Jeannie Hill 414771-1545 PO Box 328 shschmidexecpccom
Harvardll6OO33 815943-7205
dinghaoowcnet
EAA and Division Membership Services 800middot843middot3612 bullbullbullbullbullbull bull bullbullbullbull bullbull FAX 920-426-6761 (BOO AM -700 PM Monday-Friday CST) bull Newlrenew memberships EM Divisions
(Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAF)
bull Address changes bull Merchandise sales bull Gift memberships
Programs and Activities EM AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Direc tory 732-885-6711
Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Build restore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 920-426-6815
bull EM Air Academy bull EM Scholarships bull EM Young Eagles Camps
BAA Vintage Aircraft Association ~ EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086
Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873 Web Site httpwwweaaorgand httpwwwairventureorg E-Mail vintage elUlorg
Flight Advisors information 920-426-6522 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801 Flying Start Program bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull 920-426-6847 Library Services Research 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-4821 Technical Counselors 920-426-4821 Young Eagles 920-426-4831
Benefits Aircraft Financing (Textron) 800-851-1367 AUA 800-727-3823 AVEMCO 800-638-8440 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company)
Editorial Submitting articlephoto advertising information 920-426-4825 bullbullbullbullbullbull FAX 920-426-4828
EM Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920middot426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025
MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION available for $50 per year (SPORT AVIATION magshy
Membership in the Experimental Aircraft Association EAA
azine not included) (Add $10 for Foreign Inc is $40 for one year including 12 issues of SPORT Postage) AVIATION Family membership is available for an addishytional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 WARBIRDS
Current EM members may join the EM Warbirds of
credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for years of age) is available at $23 annually All major
America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine
Foreign Postage) for an additional $35 per year EM Membership WARBIRDS magazine and one year membership in the Warbirds DivisionVINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION is available for $45 per year (SPORT AVIATION
Current EM members may join the Vintage Aircraft magazine not included) (Add $7 for ForeignAssociaton and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magashyPostage)
zine for an additional $27 per year EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE mag-azine EAA EXPERIMENTERand one year membership in the EAA Vintage Airshy
Current EAA members may receive EAAcraft Association is available for $37 per year EXPERIMENTER magazine for an additional $20 (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add per year$7 for Foreign Postage) EM Membership and EM EXPERIMENTER magshyazine is available for $30 per year (SPORT
lAC AVIATION magazine not included)(Add $8 for ForshyCurrent EAA members may join the International eign Postage) Aerobatic Club Inc Division and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $40 FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS per year Please submit your remittance with a check or EM Membership SPORT AEROBATICS magazine draft drawn on a United States bank payable in and one year membership in the lAC Division is United States dollars Add required Foreign
Postage amount for each membership
DIRECTORS EMERITUS
Gene Chase EE middotBuckmiddot Hilbert 2159 Coman Rd PO Box 424
Oshkosh WI 54904 Unionll60180 920231-= 815923-4591
e-mail buck7ocmCnet
ADVISORS David Benne Alan Shacklelon 11741 Wolf Rd PO Box 656
Gross Volley CA 95949 Sugar Grove Il60554-0656 530268-1585 630466-4193
antiquerinreachcom 1033461772compuservecom
Membership dues to EAA and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions
Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
The words EM ULTRALIGHT FLY WITH THE FIRST TEAM SPORT AVIATION FOR THE lOVE OF FLYING and the logos of EM EAA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION EAA VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INTERNAmiddot TIONAl AEROBATIC CLUB WAR BIRDS OF AMERICA are ill registered trademarks THE EM SKY SHOPPE and logos of the EM AVIATION FOUNDATION EM ULTRALIGHT CONVENTION and EAA AirYenlure are tradeshymarks of the above associations and their use by any person other than the above association is strictly prohibited
32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Fly high with a quality Classic interior
-Yukon from page 27
ern Canada Aviation Museum to sponshysor the project funding it largely on his own and performing the work itshyself It would be a monumental task even with a team of specialists conshytributing many thousands of hours of free labor
It turned out to be a long-term proshyject consuming the better part of two decades Seaborn was fortunate in findshying the necessary help but any account would be remiss in not mentioning three key people Ross Richardson Ron Jackson and Don McLean Richardshyson a retired aerospace engineer is a noted historian with a large aeronautishycal library Jackson was the guiding light on many aspects of carpentry and McLean toiled eight hours a week beside Seaborn for a year to complete the restoration
Significant input came from pilots and mechanics who had worked on the Fokkers when they were new CH Punch Dickins a WCAir pilot who
SEPTEMBER 2000
had earned high commendation for a 1928 Super Universa l survey fligh t provided details for an authentic inshystrument panel The wooden parts of the wing of course were all new and built from a partial set of blueprints that had somehow survived
Th e wing being a single piece 51 feet in length was especially challengshying It is 2 feet in depth at the root and comprises no less than 600 pieces of woodwork Some 90000 tiny brass nails were required to fasten it all toshygether plus gallons of glue The driving of the last nail was the occasion for a measure of pomp and ceremony sort of a modified vers ion of driving the last spike in the transcontinental railroad
The fuselage and empennage were a less daunting task there having been significant elements of several Super Universa ls in the Western Canada Aviation Museum salvage yard This included the forward half of AAMs fuselage as rescued by Bob Cameron from the hippie co mpound near Dawson City Sundry other parts sur-
TN ONLY ~nR WAY TO OVfR~ YOR
Of course if you plan to fl~ it the easiest way is stiD Poly-Fiber
faced including an original Super Universal rudder
July 24 1998 was the culmination of a labor of love that had consumed more than 10000 man-hours over a period of seventeen years CF-AAM was airborne at last the first Fokker Super Universal to occupy Canadian airspace in 56 years Strangely enough one or more Japanese Super Universals surshyvived World War II in airworthy condit ion One or two others are known to have continued in Latin American service at least into 1944 and 1945
The highlight of CF-AAMs n ew lease on life was its grand tour during the summer of 1999 which culmishynated at Oshkosh during AirVenture 99 The tour which included a side trip to Red Lake Ontario for the anshynualNorseman Festival gave an estimated million air show visitors a chance to see the only extant Fokker Super Universal Indeed most of them including the crew had yet to be born when the Super Universal became an extinct species in the 1940s
Complete interior assemblies for do-it-yourself installation
Custom quality at economical prices
bull Cushion upholstery sets bull Wall panel sets bull Headliners bull Carpet sets bull Baggage compartment sets bull Firewall covers bull Seat slings bull Recover envelopes and dopes
Free catalog of complete product line
Fabric Selection Guide showing actual sample colors and styles of materials $300
Qi~RODUCTSI INC iii
259 Lower Morrisville Rd Dept VA Fallsington PA 19054 (215) 295-4115 ~ wwwairtexinteriorscom
~hy Poly-fiber Because for 30 years builders have followed our easy steps and achieved safe truly superlative long-lasting results And Poly-Fiber products are painstakingly manufactured and proven over time Our reader-friendly manual is almost like having an instructor right there with you and ifyoud like some coaching tJy one ofour hands-on woriltshops Theres also a step-by-step video a kit for practicing with Poly-Fiber plus a web site full of information
wwwpolyfibercom
e-mail iniopoJyiibercom BfpoundHfnAircraft Coatings
30
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
approved
To become an
EAA Vintage
Aircraft
Association
Member call
800-843-3612
We began insuring with AUA because
of our activities with old airplanes
Other insurance companies replied
You want to insure a what AUA said
No problem we do this all the time
AUA is unsurpassed in their
understanding and service for antique
and classic aircraft
- John and Kathy McMurray
The best is affordable
Give AUA a call - its FREE
800-727-3823 Fly with the pros fly with AUA Inc
AUAs Exclusive EAA Vintage Aircraft Association Insurance Program
Lower liability and hull premiums
Medical payments included
Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages
No hand-propping exclusion
No age penalty
No component parts endorsements
Discounts for cla im-free renewals carrying all risk coverages
Remember Were SeHer Togetherl
AVIATION UNLIMITED AGENCY
VINTAGE AIRCRAFT
Membershi~ Services Directoy_ Enjoy the many benefits ofBAA and the
ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS President Vice-President
Espie Butch Joyce George Daubner PO Box 35584 2448 laugh lane
Greensboro NC 27425 Hartford WI 53027 336 393-0344 262673-5885
a-moll w indsockaolcom a-moil ontique2aolocom
TreasurerSecretary Chanes W HarrisSteve Nesse 7215 East 46th St2009 Highland Ave Tulsa OK 74145Albert Leo MN 5fflJ7
918622-8400507373-1674 cwhhv5ucom
DIRECTORS Robert C middotBobmiddot Brauer Steve Krog
9345 S Hoyne 1002 Heather In Chicago Il 60620 Hartford WI 53027
773779-2105 262966-7627 ampmai photoplkltaaicom e-mail sskrogoolcom
John Berendt Robert D middotBobmiddot lumley 7645 Echo Point Rd 1265 South 124th St
Cannon Falls MN 55009 Brookfield WI53DOS 507263-2414 414782middot2633
e-mail John S Copeland lumperexecpccom 1 A Deacon Street
Northborough MA 01532 Gene Morris 508393-4775 5936 Steve Court
e-mail Roanoke TX 76262 copeklnd ljunocom 817491-9110
e-mail n03captflashnet Phil Coulson
28415 Springbrook Dr Dean Richardson lawton M149065 1429 Kings lynn Rd
616624-6490 Stoughton WI 53589 608877-8485
Roger Gomoll darresprodcom 321-1 2 S Broadway 3 Rochester MN 55904 Geoff Robison
507288-2810 1521 E MacGregor Dr rgomollhotmailcom New Hoven IN 46774
219493-4724 Dale A Gustatsan ampmail chief7(Y25aolcom 7724 Shady Hili Dr
Indianapolis IN 46278 SH Wes Schmid 317293-44JO 2359lefeber Avenue
Wauwatosa W153213 Jeannie Hill 414771-1545 PO Box 328 shschmidexecpccom
Harvardll6OO33 815943-7205
dinghaoowcnet
EAA and Division Membership Services 800middot843middot3612 bullbullbullbullbullbull bull bullbullbullbull bullbull FAX 920-426-6761 (BOO AM -700 PM Monday-Friday CST) bull Newlrenew memberships EM Divisions
(Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAF)
bull Address changes bull Merchandise sales bull Gift memberships
Programs and Activities EM AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Direc tory 732-885-6711
Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Build restore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 920-426-6815
bull EM Air Academy bull EM Scholarships bull EM Young Eagles Camps
BAA Vintage Aircraft Association ~ EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086
Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873 Web Site httpwwweaaorgand httpwwwairventureorg E-Mail vintage elUlorg
Flight Advisors information 920-426-6522 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801 Flying Start Program bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull 920-426-6847 Library Services Research 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-4821 Technical Counselors 920-426-4821 Young Eagles 920-426-4831
Benefits Aircraft Financing (Textron) 800-851-1367 AUA 800-727-3823 AVEMCO 800-638-8440 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company)
Editorial Submitting articlephoto advertising information 920-426-4825 bullbullbullbullbullbull FAX 920-426-4828
EM Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920middot426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025
MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION available for $50 per year (SPORT AVIATION magshy
Membership in the Experimental Aircraft Association EAA
azine not included) (Add $10 for Foreign Inc is $40 for one year including 12 issues of SPORT Postage) AVIATION Family membership is available for an addishytional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 WARBIRDS
Current EM members may join the EM Warbirds of
credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for years of age) is available at $23 annually All major
America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine
Foreign Postage) for an additional $35 per year EM Membership WARBIRDS magazine and one year membership in the Warbirds DivisionVINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION is available for $45 per year (SPORT AVIATION
Current EM members may join the Vintage Aircraft magazine not included) (Add $7 for ForeignAssociaton and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magashyPostage)
zine for an additional $27 per year EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE mag-azine EAA EXPERIMENTERand one year membership in the EAA Vintage Airshy
Current EAA members may receive EAAcraft Association is available for $37 per year EXPERIMENTER magazine for an additional $20 (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add per year$7 for Foreign Postage) EM Membership and EM EXPERIMENTER magshyazine is available for $30 per year (SPORT
lAC AVIATION magazine not included)(Add $8 for ForshyCurrent EAA members may join the International eign Postage) Aerobatic Club Inc Division and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $40 FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS per year Please submit your remittance with a check or EM Membership SPORT AEROBATICS magazine draft drawn on a United States bank payable in and one year membership in the lAC Division is United States dollars Add required Foreign
Postage amount for each membership
DIRECTORS EMERITUS
Gene Chase EE middotBuckmiddot Hilbert 2159 Coman Rd PO Box 424
Oshkosh WI 54904 Unionll60180 920231-= 815923-4591
e-mail buck7ocmCnet
ADVISORS David Benne Alan Shacklelon 11741 Wolf Rd PO Box 656
Gross Volley CA 95949 Sugar Grove Il60554-0656 530268-1585 630466-4193
antiquerinreachcom 1033461772compuservecom
Membership dues to EAA and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions
Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
The words EM ULTRALIGHT FLY WITH THE FIRST TEAM SPORT AVIATION FOR THE lOVE OF FLYING and the logos of EM EAA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION EAA VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INTERNAmiddot TIONAl AEROBATIC CLUB WAR BIRDS OF AMERICA are ill registered trademarks THE EM SKY SHOPPE and logos of the EM AVIATION FOUNDATION EM ULTRALIGHT CONVENTION and EAA AirYenlure are tradeshymarks of the above associations and their use by any person other than the above association is strictly prohibited
32 SEPTEMBER 2000
Gr
John amp Kathy McMurray
BurkburneH TX
John - retired
Air Force pilot current
pilot with the Red Baron
Stearman Squadron
Kathy - legal secretary and Nbest light aircraft
navigator in the
business
John and Kathy McMurray acquired Boomer a 1946 in 1992 Their efforts to restore the aircraft led to an award at Oshkosh 1994 for Best Custom Classic - Class B
AUAis
approved
To become an
EAA Vintage
Aircraft
Association
Member call
800-843-3612
We began insuring with AUA because
of our activities with old airplanes
Other insurance companies replied
You want to insure a what AUA said
No problem we do this all the time
AUA is unsurpassed in their
understanding and service for antique
and classic aircraft
- John and Kathy McMurray
The best is affordable
Give AUA a call - its FREE
800-727-3823 Fly with the pros fly with AUA Inc
AUAs Exclusive EAA Vintage Aircraft Association Insurance Program
Lower liability and hull premiums
Medical payments included
Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages
No hand-propping exclusion
No age penalty
No component parts endorsements
Discounts for cla im-free renewals carrying all risk coverages
Remember Were SeHer Togetherl
AVIATION UNLIMITED AGENCY
VINTAGE AIRCRAFT
Membershi~ Services Directoy_ Enjoy the many benefits ofBAA and the
ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS President Vice-President
Espie Butch Joyce George Daubner PO Box 35584 2448 laugh lane
Greensboro NC 27425 Hartford WI 53027 336 393-0344 262673-5885
a-moll w indsockaolcom a-moil ontique2aolocom
TreasurerSecretary Chanes W HarrisSteve Nesse 7215 East 46th St2009 Highland Ave Tulsa OK 74145Albert Leo MN 5fflJ7
918622-8400507373-1674 cwhhv5ucom
DIRECTORS Robert C middotBobmiddot Brauer Steve Krog
9345 S Hoyne 1002 Heather In Chicago Il 60620 Hartford WI 53027
773779-2105 262966-7627 ampmai photoplkltaaicom e-mail sskrogoolcom
John Berendt Robert D middotBobmiddot lumley 7645 Echo Point Rd 1265 South 124th St
Cannon Falls MN 55009 Brookfield WI53DOS 507263-2414 414782middot2633
e-mail John S Copeland lumperexecpccom 1 A Deacon Street
Northborough MA 01532 Gene Morris 508393-4775 5936 Steve Court
e-mail Roanoke TX 76262 copeklnd ljunocom 817491-9110
e-mail n03captflashnet Phil Coulson
28415 Springbrook Dr Dean Richardson lawton M149065 1429 Kings lynn Rd
616624-6490 Stoughton WI 53589 608877-8485
Roger Gomoll darresprodcom 321-1 2 S Broadway 3 Rochester MN 55904 Geoff Robison
507288-2810 1521 E MacGregor Dr rgomollhotmailcom New Hoven IN 46774
219493-4724 Dale A Gustatsan ampmail chief7(Y25aolcom 7724 Shady Hili Dr
Indianapolis IN 46278 SH Wes Schmid 317293-44JO 2359lefeber Avenue
Wauwatosa W153213 Jeannie Hill 414771-1545 PO Box 328 shschmidexecpccom
Harvardll6OO33 815943-7205
dinghaoowcnet
EAA and Division Membership Services 800middot843middot3612 bullbullbullbullbullbull bull bullbullbullbull bullbull FAX 920-426-6761 (BOO AM -700 PM Monday-Friday CST) bull Newlrenew memberships EM Divisions
(Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAF)
bull Address changes bull Merchandise sales bull Gift memberships
Programs and Activities EM AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Direc tory 732-885-6711
Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Build restore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 920-426-6815
bull EM Air Academy bull EM Scholarships bull EM Young Eagles Camps
BAA Vintage Aircraft Association ~ EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086
Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873 Web Site httpwwweaaorgand httpwwwairventureorg E-Mail vintage elUlorg
Flight Advisors information 920-426-6522 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801 Flying Start Program bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbull 920-426-6847 Library Services Research 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-4821 Technical Counselors 920-426-4821 Young Eagles 920-426-4831
Benefits Aircraft Financing (Textron) 800-851-1367 AUA 800-727-3823 AVEMCO 800-638-8440 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company)
Editorial Submitting articlephoto advertising information 920-426-4825 bullbullbullbullbullbull FAX 920-426-4828
EM Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920middot426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025
MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION available for $50 per year (SPORT AVIATION magshy
Membership in the Experimental Aircraft Association EAA
azine not included) (Add $10 for Foreign Inc is $40 for one year including 12 issues of SPORT Postage) AVIATION Family membership is available for an addishytional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 WARBIRDS
Current EM members may join the EM Warbirds of
credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for years of age) is available at $23 annually All major
America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine
Foreign Postage) for an additional $35 per year EM Membership WARBIRDS magazine and one year membership in the Warbirds DivisionVINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION is available for $45 per year (SPORT AVIATION
Current EM members may join the Vintage Aircraft magazine not included) (Add $7 for ForeignAssociaton and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magashyPostage)
zine for an additional $27 per year EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE mag-azine EAA EXPERIMENTERand one year membership in the EAA Vintage Airshy
Current EAA members may receive EAAcraft Association is available for $37 per year EXPERIMENTER magazine for an additional $20 (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add per year$7 for Foreign Postage) EM Membership and EM EXPERIMENTER magshyazine is available for $30 per year (SPORT
lAC AVIATION magazine not included)(Add $8 for ForshyCurrent EAA members may join the International eign Postage) Aerobatic Club Inc Division and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $40 FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS per year Please submit your remittance with a check or EM Membership SPORT AEROBATICS magazine draft drawn on a United States bank payable in and one year membership in the lAC Division is United States dollars Add required Foreign
Postage amount for each membership
DIRECTORS EMERITUS
Gene Chase EE middotBuckmiddot Hilbert 2159 Coman Rd PO Box 424
Oshkosh WI 54904 Unionll60180 920231-= 815923-4591
e-mail buck7ocmCnet
ADVISORS David Benne Alan Shacklelon 11741 Wolf Rd PO Box 656
Gross Volley CA 95949 Sugar Grove Il60554-0656 530268-1585 630466-4193
antiquerinreachcom 1033461772compuservecom
Membership dues to EAA and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions
Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
The words EM ULTRALIGHT FLY WITH THE FIRST TEAM SPORT AVIATION FOR THE lOVE OF FLYING and the logos of EM EAA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION EAA VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INTERNAmiddot TIONAl AEROBATIC CLUB WAR BIRDS OF AMERICA are ill registered trademarks THE EM SKY SHOPPE and logos of the EM AVIATION FOUNDATION EM ULTRALIGHT CONVENTION and EAA AirYenlure are tradeshymarks of the above associations and their use by any person other than the above association is strictly prohibited
32 SEPTEMBER 2000
VINTAGE AIRCRAFT
Membershi~ Services Directoy_ Enjoy the many benefits ofBAA and the
ASSOCIATION
OFFICERS President Vice-President
Espie Butch Joyce George Daubner PO Box 35584 2448 laugh lane
Greensboro NC 27425 Hartford WI 53027 336 393-0344 262673-5885
a-moll w indsockaolcom a-moil ontique2aolocom
TreasurerSecretary Chanes W HarrisSteve Nesse 7215 East 46th St2009 Highland Ave Tulsa OK 74145Albert Leo MN 5fflJ7
918622-8400507373-1674 cwhhv5ucom
DIRECTORS Robert C middotBobmiddot Brauer Steve Krog
9345 S Hoyne 1002 Heather In Chicago Il 60620 Hartford WI 53027
773779-2105 262966-7627 ampmai photoplkltaaicom e-mail sskrogoolcom
John Berendt Robert D middotBobmiddot lumley 7645 Echo Point Rd 1265 South 124th St
Cannon Falls MN 55009 Brookfield WI53DOS 507263-2414 414782middot2633
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Membership in the Experimental Aircraft Association EAA
azine not included) (Add $10 for Foreign Inc is $40 for one year including 12 issues of SPORT Postage) AVIATION Family membership is available for an addishytional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 WARBIRDS
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America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine
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zine for an additional $27 per year EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE mag-azine EAA EXPERIMENTERand one year membership in the EAA Vintage Airshy
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lAC AVIATION magazine not included)(Add $8 for ForshyCurrent EAA members may join the International eign Postage) Aerobatic Club Inc Division and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $40 FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS per year Please submit your remittance with a check or EM Membership SPORT AEROBATICS magazine draft drawn on a United States bank payable in and one year membership in the lAC Division is United States dollars Add required Foreign
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DIRECTORS EMERITUS
Gene Chase EE middotBuckmiddot Hilbert 2159 Coman Rd PO Box 424
Oshkosh WI 54904 Unionll60180 920231-= 815923-4591
e-mail buck7ocmCnet
ADVISORS David Benne Alan Shacklelon 11741 Wolf Rd PO Box 656
Gross Volley CA 95949 Sugar Grove Il60554-0656 530268-1585 630466-4193
antiquerinreachcom 1033461772compuservecom
Membership dues to EAA and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions
Copyright copy2000 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association All rights reserved
VINTAGE AIRPLANE II55N 009t-6943) IPM 1482602 is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalioo of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviation Center 3000 Poberezny Rdbull PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 Periodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wiscon~n 54901 and at additional mailing oHices POSTMASTER Send address changes to EM AntiqueClassic Divisioo Inc PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 FOREIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via suriace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any product offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and welcome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertising so thaI corrective measures can be taken EDITORIAL POLICY Readers are encouraged to subm stories and photographs Policy opinioos expressed in articles are solely those 01 the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No renumeration is madeMateri should be sent to Edor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 Phooe 9201426-4800
The words EM ULTRALIGHT FLY WITH THE FIRST TEAM SPORT AVIATION FOR THE lOVE OF FLYING and the logos of EM EAA INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION EAA VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION INTERNAmiddot TIONAl AEROBATIC CLUB WAR BIRDS OF AMERICA are ill registered trademarks THE EM SKY SHOPPE and logos of the EM AVIATION FOUNDATION EM ULTRALIGHT CONVENTION and EAA AirYenlure are tradeshymarks of the above associations and their use by any person other than the above association is strictly prohibited
32 SEPTEMBER 2000