Learning the job

6.A The feel-good factor Grammar - giving advice 1 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences us i ng should, shouldn't

o r need.

a I ree-d t o take regular breaks. elbow

b You sit for long per iods

w i t hou t mov ing .

c You make su re you sit i n a

g o o d pos i t ion.

d When you sit at your desk, the angle of your

knees be less than 60 ° .

e Your desk be at the r ight

height.

f Your chair be t oo low.

g You to vary your tasks.

h I to w o r k at my o w n speed.

i If your of f ice furn i ture is uncomfor tab le , you

ask your boss to change it.

j You

env i ronment .

k You

to wo rk in a s t ress- f ree

check that the of f ice

tempera tu re is abou t 2 0 ° Celsius.

I Your screen be h igher than

your eyes.

Vocabulary 2 U n s c r a m b l e t h e w o r d s b e l o w t o f i n d t h e d i f f e r e n t

pa r t s of t h e body . Then labe l t h e d r a w i n g a b o v e .

elboto a bwole

b Iduosher

c o f to

d klane

e s iwt r

f keen

g hi tgh

h ow le r acbk

¡ t ob tom

j pih

k bumth

I g infres

B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

3 Wr i te t h e w o r d enough b e f o r e o r a f t e r t h e f o l l o w i n g w o r d s , d e p e n d i n g o n t h e c o r r e c t w o r d o rder .

a fast e-noogh

b b r igh t

c money

d t ime

e b ig

f staf f

g w o r k

h p leasant

¡ furn i ture

j useful

k l ight

I space

Wri t i ng - advice 4 Wr i t e f i ve sen tences t o a n e w t r a i n e e at w o r k

a d v i s i n g h i m / h e r o f g o o d w o r k i n g p rac t i ces . Use should, shouldn't o r need.

a You ne-e.d -to ma-kie. aore. t h a t i joor de-sk- \B>

¿e-t op t o cjour re.guire.me.rvte.

b

d

"Frankly sir, we're tired of being on the cutting edge of technology."

© 1 9 9 8 R a n d y G l a s b e r g e n . w w w . g l a s b e r g e n . c o m

• Pronunciat ion - stress in modal verbs O CD1 T R 3 1 L is ten a n d u n d e r l i n e t h e s t r e s s e d w o r d in each pai r of sen tences .

a 1 You should check your pos i t ion.

2 You should check your pos i t ion.

b 1 I need a break every t w o hours .

2 I need a break every t w o hours .

c 1 The of f ice shou ldn ' t be too w a r m .

2 The of f ice shou ldn ' t be too w a r m .

d 1 You shouldn ' t w o r k more than t w o hours w i t hou t a break.

2 You shou ldn ' t w o r k more than t w o hours w i t hou t a break.

e 1 You shou ld keep your feet on the f loor.

2 You shou ld keep your feet on the f loor.

f 1 There shou ldn ' t be too much noise.

2 There shou ldn ' t be too much noise.

Prac t i se say ing t h e sen tences b o t h w a y s .

e

4 9

6 Learning thejob

6.B Just checking!

Grammar - present perfect or past simple tense? 1 C o m p l e t e t h e d i a l o g u e w i t h e i the r t h e p r e s e n t

p e r f e c t o r t h e pas t s imp le . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib l e .

Pete:

Dan:

Dan:

Dan:

Hel io, Dan. I ha-ve-n'i- £>e.ex\) you

around. Where (have) you

(be )?

H¡, Pete.

We

weeks .

Pete: Sounds great.

a nice t ime?

(be) on holiday.

(visit) Greece for t w o

(have)

Yeah, great.

a break!

But I

(need)

(not s top) w o r k i n g s ince

(get) back to t he of f ice.

Pete: Busy, are you?

Dan: Yes, w e

f rom China. It

(have) 6 0 0 orders

(be) mad.

How's your depa r tmen t?

Pete: Fine. We

In fact, it

(be) not t oo busy.

(be) a bit bor ing !

Six mon ths ago, I never (go)

home on t ime, but th is w e e k

(leave) wo rk half an hour early every day.

Well, I don ' t th ink you need a hol iday t h e n !

Clear l y Bet te r Un i t s leSmittíSI Brighton East Sussex BN21 9LA

DELIVERY NOTE 000089

TeJ 01273 55S123 Fax: 01273 555456

Hctgttt Dsaciiptio

3 Shool

AHend Site t'.». — SoBfrt Up A Mata Secute lOron Tgh -es: Shaped HacKoul & Ri i v • - Trnbet

lOmm Tgn Ftoat Shaped Hackool 4 Redare - Tinber

i Reglare - T«>*er

- !--n^.v¡c-tiií 'i

Vocabulary - the ordering process 2 M a t c h a v e r b f r o m t h e b o x t o t h e p r o c e d u r e s

t h a t can h a p p e n in a Sales D e p a r t m e n t . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r is poss ib le .

answer send ou t receive prov ide have

deal w i th check send -p rcparc -

a pre-pare. an invoice

b the merchand ise

quest ions abou t del ivery cos ts

a cata logue

impor t restr ic t ions

an enqu i ry

an order

5 0 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

C o m p l e t e t h e s e q u e n c e o f even ts be low , us i ng t h e e x a m p l e s a n d t h e v o c a b u l a r y f r o m A c t i v i t y 2 t o he lp y o u .

Pronunciat ion - in tonat ion • CD1 T R 3 2 L is ten t o t h e d i a l o g u e s . M a r k w h i c h q u e s t i o n s have r is ing i n t o n a t i o n S — * a n d w h i c h have fa l l i ng i n t o n a t i o n

a Lisa: Have you checked the invoice?

Grant: Yes, I have.

Lisa: When did you check it?

Grant: This morn ing .

b Vanessa: Did you send the ca ta logue?

Ma lco lm: No, I d idn' t .

Vanessa: Why not?

Ma lco lm: I d idn ' t have t ime.

c Safran: Are you sure you can c o m e ?

Jens: Yes, of course .

Safran: Really?

Jens: Yes, really.

d Manf red : Is it u rgent?

Phil l ipe: Yes, ve ry urgent .

Manf red : Will t o m o r r o w be OK?

Phil l ipe: I suppose so.

e Natal ie: Are w e up to date w i t h our o rders?

Bernard : Not qui te.

Natal ie: H o w many more are the re?

Bernard : A b o u t ten.

g s&nd i-he. me.rcha.nd¡5>e.

f Hugo : Have w e deal t w i th all the enqu iñes?

Tara: Yes, mos t of t hem.

Hugo : H o w many are left?

Tara: Three or four.

Prac t ise say ing t h e q u e s t i o n s .

6 Learning the job

6.C All in a day's work

Grammar - present perfect simple or progressive? 1 C ross o u t t h e ¡ncor rec t f o r m . On s o m e occas ions ,

b o t h a n s w e r s may be co r rec t .

a l've pafrte&/ been printing these address labels fo r half an hour.

b l've never liked I been liking f i l ing.

c Sue's learnt I been learning to use the compu ten

d l've checked / been checking ¡nvoices all day.

e Everybody 's been / been being very fr iendly.

f l've got to know / been getting to know everybody.

g We haven't had / haven't been having any real chal lenges up til l now.

h Have you seen / been seeing the accounts f i le?

i l've looked / been looking fo r it eve rywhere .

j Have you ever won / been winning t he lo t tery?

k G o o d , the Granta o rder has finally arrived I been arriving.

I Hang on a minute, l've a lmost done I been doing every th ing .

m l've been reading I read these repor ts all a f te rnoon.

n The w o r k m e n are painting / have been painting the new s h o w r o o m all week .

C l e a r l y B e t t e r U n i t s TOUGHENED PURCHASE ORDER

18 Smith St 2 Bnghton Easi Sussex BN21 SLA Tet 01273 555123

Fax: 01273 555456

Amaüing Glass Suppliers Page 1 of 1 Unrt 3a Pñnteda 15:00:56 on the 29/11/2011 Cily Industrial Eslale Citysnite CW1 1WS

Req'cby 29/11/2011

Glaas Typ» Qty widtti Helght Job Job Reí Une Re.

10mm Toughened Float 1 1876 1230 002403/1 Mr & Mrs Bloggs Tabe Top lOmm Toughened Floal Shaped 1 2098 1890 002405/1 Smith Shop 1

lOtnm Toughened Floai Shaped 1 2134 1888 002405O Smith Pane 2

o * 10rnm Toughened Floa: Shaped 1 1890 1788 0024O5/3 SmitB Pane 3

Q ° " i Omm Toughened Float 1 1890 1780 002405Í4 Smitn Pana 4 4mm Toughened Float : 690 789 002403<2 Mi i Mrs Bloggs _;L.nr,e 4mm Toughened Float 2 890 ra 002403/3 Mt A Mrs Bloggs Lounge 4mm Toughened Float 2 1000 IOO0 002404/1 PIOI30 4mni Toughened Float 2 • QOO •0C- 002404/2 PKK30 4mm Toughened Float 2 1000 1000 002404/3 PKX30 4mm Toughened Float 2 •eco 1000 002404/4 PIO130 4mm Toughened Float 2 1000 1000 002404/S PIOI30 4mm Toughened Float 2 1000 1000 002404/6 PIOI30 4mm Toughened Float •l 1000 ••OÍ-: 002404/7 PIO130 4mm Toughened Float 2 I0M 1000 002404/8 PIOI30 4mm Toughened Float 2 1000 IODO 0024O4/9 PIOI30 4mm Toughened Floal 13 1028 1224 002406/1 Mrs Franks gh31 4mm Toughened Float 2 1284 1538 002406/2 Mts Franks gh3l 4mm Toughened Float OMmOU 2 234 678 002403/4 Mr & Mrs Bloggs Lounge 4mm Toughened Float Low E 2 890 789 002403/5 Mr & Mrs Bloggs Lounge

Tolal QuanMv «3 oeces

Vocabulary 2 Wr i t e d o w n t h e co r rec t pa i rs o f w o r d s a n d

p h r a s e s f r o m t h e b o x t h a t have t h e s a m e o r a s im i la r m e a n i n g .

r.lip,n-t-/r,o -t-nmP-r

cl icnt phoned p rob lem deal w i th

cu3 tomcr que ry d i f f icu l ty qu ick

tasks invoice wo rk fast enqu i ry

handle hard bi l l ing rang up di f f icul t

5 2 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

3 C o m p l e t e each sen tence , c h o o s i n g o n e w o r d f r o m y o u r l ist in A c t i v i t y 2 . Pay a t t e n t l o n , because s o m e t i m e s y o u can o n l y use o n e w o r d f r o m a pair.

a l'm afraid I can' t answer your goe-rcj,

madam. III have to ask a col league.

There 's a mistake on this VAT ¡s

2 0 per cent, not 12 per cent.

A cal led th is morn ing to ask abou t

her del ivery.

I have a w i th this orden The

reference numbers are w r o n g .

l've a lmost f in ished. This compu te r is really

f ten t imes, but the line was

always engaged .

g Learning English is qui te easy, but learning

Japanese is really

h No, I can' t c o m e ou t to lunch, l've far too much

Net ie, can you th is as I do not

have enough t ime today?

Pronunciat ion - stress Unde r l i ne t h e sy l lab le w h i c h is s t r e s s e d .

a despatch g des ign

b o f f ice h easy

c so f tware ¡ prob lem

d arr ive j address

e basic k app ly

f helpful I p rocess

O C D 1 T R 3 3 L is ten a n d check . 4 N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e w o r d s w i t h t h e c o r r e c t s t ress .

B Wr i t e t e n a d d i t i o n a l w o r d s w h i c h are s t r essed o n t h e f i r s t sy l l ab le a n d t e n t h a t a re s t r essed o n t h e s e c o n d sy l lab le . L o o k back t h r o u g h Un i t s 1 - 6 t o f i n d y o u r w o r d s , o r use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

First syllable stress

Second syllable stress

ca.mpa.ign

6 Learning the job

Quiz - What do I know?

Start here W h a t w o u l d y o u s a y ?

What w o u l d y o u say in t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ? If y o u can , r e c o r d y o u r a n s w e r s a n d l i s ten t o yourse l f .

a Say wha t you d id : P o i n t s

1 yesterday. _ /•• 2

2 l a s t w e e k . _ / 2

3 at the weekend . _ / 2

b Give your co l league t w o p ieces of w o r k advice. _ / 2

c Talk for one t o t w o minutes and descr ibe your of f ice, mak ing sugges t ions for improvements . _ / 4

T o t a l / 1 2

N o w check y o u r a n s w e r s o n • p 1 5 7

If you have scored six or less, go to the B l u e run. If you have scored seven or more , go t o the B l a c k run.

c a r r ange / some appo in tmen ts

d a l ready /a r range / t ranspor ta t ion

e d o / b a s i c j o b s

f s t i l l /send ou t / invo ices

g so fa r /make con tac t /w i t h six new cl ients

h check / t he impor t restr ic t ions

1 Us ing t h e p r o m p t s be low , r ewr i t e t h e sen tences us ing t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t s i m p l e o r p r o g r e s s i v e , o r b o t h f o r m s w h e r e poss ib l e .

a do / f i l i ng

i'y/e. done, -the- filing.

l've. bee-n doing -the. filing.

¡ deal w i t h / t he Mil ler o rder / fo r half an hour

j send out /a l l t he sales orders

k leam h o w to /dea l w i th ¡nternational payments

b not deal w i th /a l l the quer ies /ye t

6.a

2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h a n g i n g t h e v e r b in b racke ts t o t h e c o r r e c t t e n s e .

d f ive minutes ago

To: Z e n a @ h o t m a i l . c o m

F rom: A l e x a n d e r @ y a h o o . c o m

l've a -tak-eo (take) f ive minutes o u t t o w r i t e

th is e-mail t o you because b (be) so

bored all day. M y boss has just c (come)

back f r o m holiday, and d (give) me all

the f i l ing t o do. Last week, when she e

(be) away, I f (have) a much be t te r t ime .

I g (answer) the phone and h

(talk) t o customers, and i (chat) to

everyone in t he of f ice. Since she j (be)

back, nobody k (talk) anymore ,

everyone I (work) very hard and the

of f ice m (be) very quiet . Wr i t e me an

e-mai l soon t o cheer me up!

Love Al

Black run

1 Wr i te a s e n t e n c e a b o u t s o m e t h i n g y o u d i d , have d o n e or, have b e e n d o i n g a t t h e t i m e s t h a t a p p e a r b e l o w . Pay a t t e n t i o n t o t h e t e n s e / t e n s e s t h a t y o u use f o r each o n e .

a today

Toda-tj I ha.ve. de-a-H- (¿¡Un -fe.n orde.fó, ¿>ex\-\

oüi- ¿ix invoic&¿. a.nd -fintehe-d i ine -filing.

b the day you s ta r ted w o r k

c up till yesterday

e last mon th

f this w e e k

g on Monday

h yesterday

i for the past th ree days

j recent ly

2 Wr i t e sen tences us ing t h e p r e s e n t p e r f e c t p r o g r e s s i v e a n d t h e ñ a m e of a p e r s o n y o u know .

a Ed, mij bo¿>¿>, ha.¿ be.e.n -fe-aching me. -fhe. \ob for -tioo u)e.e.lc¿. nom

Transíate t h e s e sen tences in to y o u r o w n l anguage in y o u r n o t e b o o k . Then c ióse th i s b o o k a n d t rans ía te y o u r sen tences back in to Engl ish.

a She's been work ing for this c o m p a n y for six months .

b I wen t to Mo rocco for my hol iday last year.

c We never have enough t ime.

6 ¡ Learning the job

6.D How are you getting on?

Reading an ar t ic le 1 Read t h e t ex t qu ick ly . Is i t f o r o r aga ins t t h e

f o u r - d a y w e e k ?

On the fifth day it was time off

Fi I lex ib le w o r k i n g pract ices are becom ing more popu la r , a n d m a n y o f us dayd ream about a n e x t r a day e v e r y w e e k e n d .

H o w d i f f e ren t l i fe w o u l d feel ! Less s t ressfu l , more balanced a n d more f u n . Bu t cou ld the f o u r - d a y w o r k i n g week rea l l y happen? H o w can y o u conv ince y o u r emp loyer t ha t a shor ter w e e k w o u l d W O R K i n y o u r off ice? You can do i t i f y o u have an excuse, fo r example , i f y o u have a baby. But i f y o u j u s t w a n t t o comb ine y o u r j o b w i t h another in terest , y o u can easi ly be labe l led a sh i rker , someone who 's j u s t n o t in teres ted i n t h e i r j o b .

A n d w o r k i n g fewer hours cou ld mean someone else g e t t i n g those f u t u r e p romo t i ons - a col league w h o is p u t t i n g i n longer hours a n d w h o is a lways a r o u n d .

I n some j obs , a f ou r -day week is easier t h a n others . I f y o u r w o r k is p ro jec t - t ype , i t 's no t so d i f f i c u l t , b u t i f y o u r j o b is c l ient-based, there's o f t en a p rob lem. 'Cl ients expec t y o u to be there, ' says E la ine H o w e , one o f t he founders o f W o r k i n g Opt ions , a consu l tancy spec ia l i z ing i n p a r t - t i m e profess ional r ec ru i tmen t .

So w i l l the f ou r -day w o r k i n g week ever become a rea l i t y? 'Yes, de f in i te ly , w i t h i n t he n e x t t e n t o f i f t e e n years, ' says Ange la Ishmael , Head o f D i g n i t y at W o r k , at the I n d u s t r i a l Society. T v e seen i t w o r k rea l l y e f fec t ive ly i n sma l l o rgan izat ions, a n d l 've seen i t w o r k w e l l i n t he p u b l i c sector.' O f course w e m i g h t j u s t end u p do ing f i ve days, w o r k i n four . But w o u l d tha t be such a bad t h i ng? I f w e w o r k e d harder , w e cou ld p lay harder .

S o u r c e : A d a p t e d f r o m Deeb le , S ( 2 0 0 0 , A u g u s t 2 6 ) . O n t h e f i f t h day it was t ime off. The Guardian. Re t r ieved f r o m w w w . g u a r d i a n . c o . u k / t h e g u a r d i a n / 2 0 0 0 / a u g / 2 6 / f e a t u r e s . j o b s m o n e y 7

Read t h e t e x t aga in a n d say if t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s a re t r u e (T) o r fa l se (F) . If t h e r e is n o t e n o u g h i n f o r m a t i o n , w r i t e d o n ' t k n o w (DK) .

a More and more peop le like the idea

of a four-day week . | T |

b It is very easy to in t roduce f lexible

wo rk ing pract ices into mos t of f ices.

c Bosses are happy to give a four-day

w e e k to mos t of the i r employees.

d You have a legal r ight to wo rk a

four-day w e e k if you have a baby.

e A four-day w e e k is more of a p rob lem

for peop le w h o w o r k w i th cl ients.

f Col leagues o f ten th ink badly of

someone w h o only w o r k s four days.

g If you wo rk a four-day week , you have t he same oppor tun i t y for p romot ion as any o ther worker.

h In t he fu ture , more peop le wil l

p robab ly wo rk a four-day week.

5 6 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Vocabulary - opposites 3 Wr i te d o w n t h e pa i rs o f w o r d s a n d ph rases f r o m

t h e box t h a t a re o p p o s i t e s o f o n e ano the r .

GQGy f ixed emp loyer daydream

pro jec t -based wo rk par t - t ime solut ion

publ ic emp loyee c l ien t -based w o r k

di f f icul t fu l l - t ime prívate

f lex ib le p rob lem real i ty

a ea.^.^/dif-ficüli'

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

Wri t ing 4 Wr i te t o y o u r boss a s k i n g if y o u can w o r k a fou r -

d a y w e e k . Give y o u r r easons , a n d te l l y o u r b o s s h o w y o u w i l l o r g a n i z e y o u r f o u r days s o t h a t t h e w o r k g e t s d o n e . (Wr i te 6 0 - 8 0 w o r d s . )

|TQ: I From:

Subjec t : Four-day w e e k

Dear

Listening - work ing week 5 In Eu rope , t h e w o r k i n g w e e k var íes e n o r m o u s l y

f r o m c o u n t r y t o coun t r y .

• CD1 T R 3 4 L is ten t o t h e i n f o r m a t i o n a n d c o m p l e t e t h e c h a r t be low .

C o u n t r y H o u r s w o r k e d

United K ingdom

Spain

Poland 42.2

Austr ia

Germany

France

Nether lands

Italy

Belg ium

Czech Republ ic

N o w a n s w e r t h e s e q u e s t i o n s .

a Which coun t ry has the h ighest number of

work ing hours per w e e k ?

b Which coun t ry has the lowest number of

wo rk ing hours per w e e k ?

c What is t he mos t c o m m o n number of hours

w o r k e d ?

d Which coun t ry w o u l d you prefer to wo rk in, the

Uni ted K ingdom or Italy?

7 | What's in a brand

7.A A success story

Grammar - l ink ing w i th conjunct ions 1 L ink t h e sen tences us ing t h e c o n j u n c t i o n in

b racke ts , t o m a k e o n e c o m p l e t e sen tence . M a k e any o t h e r c h a n g e s t h a t are necessary .

a First you check the order. Then you send the invoice. (after)

Af te r Ljou have- che.cKe.d -the. orde-f, t oo ¿>e.nd

-the. invoice..

b You receive an order. You pass it on t o t he Sales Depar tment , (as soon as)

c I cal led the cl ient. But f i rst I f ound ou t the answer to her enquiry. (before)

d Solve the Tring t ranspor t p rob lem. Then you can go home. (when)

e Check the expo r t o rders . But f irst, f in ish the f i l ing. (after)

We adver t ised in t he nat ional newspapers . The orders carne in very fast. (when)

i They s tar ted a mai l -order business. They weren ' t ve ry wel l known . (before)

2 Inser t c o n j u n c t i o n s f r o m t h e b o x b e l o w in to t h e t e x t s o t h a t t h e s t o r y reads natura l ly , a n d m a k e any o t h e r c h a n g e s w h e r e n e e d e d . You may use t h e c o n j u n c t i o n s m o r e t h a n o n c e o r n o t at a l l .

as soon as w h e n before but

and after as w h e r e

I l e f t w o r k a t 8 p . m . I w e n t t o Sarah 's p a r t y . I g o t h o m e . I t w a s v e r y l a te . So I se t m y a l a r m c l ock . I w e n t t o b e d . T h e a l a r m w e n t off. I f e l l as leep a g a i n . I w o k e u p a n h o u r la te r . I j u m p e d o u t o f b e d . I g o t d r e s s e d . I g r a b b e d a q u i c k c u p o f co f fee . I r a n o u t o f t h e house . I s a w a b u s a t t h e e n d o f t h e s t r e e t . I r a n f o r t h e bus . I m i s s e d i t . So I r a n t o t h e s t a t i o n . I c a u g h t a t r a i n . T h e t r a i n a r r i v e d . I c h e c k e d m y w a t c h . I t w a s 10 a .m . I w a s a n h o u r la te f o r w o r k .

f I wen t to IKEA for a meet ing. Mr Olsen met me in Recept ion. (when)

Afte-r I le.ft looftc,

g I ad jus ted t he screen on my computer . more comfo r tab le . (as soon as)

fel t

J ^ ^

Vocabulary 3 Wr i te t h e ñ a m e s o f t h e i t ems p i c t u r e d above .

a of-fice- cViAir f

b g

c h

d ¡

e

4 D e s c r i b e f ive o f t h e o b j e c t s a b o v e w i t h o n e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g ad jec t i ves .

a w o o d e n -ta-ble.

b useful

c huge

d tall

e comfo r tab le

5 Wr i te t h e ñames o f f o u r o t h e r i t ems o f f u r n i t u r e t h a t y o u know . Use a d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a booLca-se. c

b d

Q Pronunciat ion - past simple endings A ® CD1 T R 3 5 Listen t o t he verbs and place t h e m

in t he correct co lumn, A, B o r C, accord ing t o the i r sound.

a He started the company ten years ago.

b We looked at the cata logue.

c I showed t h e m the new des ign.

d They liked the BK mode l a lot.

e They wanted a cheaper p roduc t .

f We opened another store.

g She asked a lot of quest ions.

h They provided an excel lent serv ice.

i The pnce included packaging and t ranspor t .

j We finished at 6 p.m.

k They discussed a new idea.

I We developed a new product .

A y a / B / t / C / i d /

•shoioe-d looL&d

B Wr i te the fo l l ow ing w o r d s in t he past tense in t he cor rec t co lumn, A, B o r C above, accord ing t o the i r sound .

visit assemble t ranspor t cont ro l co l lec t

del iver phone restr ict check address

7 What's in a brand ¡

7.B That's our product!

Grammar - modal verbs must and /rare fo 1 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences w i t h must, mustn't, have

to o r don't have to.

g Do learn h o w to use th is

a You're late! You mugt

on t ime.

get to w o r k

b It's a publ ic hol iday on Monday, so w e

go to work .

c I stay longer? I

be in the city centre for an appointment at 6 p.m.

d You

before you go home.

e You

f inish the invoices

smoke in the of f ice.

It's company policy, and it's bad for my heal th!

f We be too pol i te t o our

cus tomers , but w e never

be rude to t hem.

c o m p u t e r ?

h To succeed in business, you

take risks, but you

many!

take t oo

¡ We f inish the n e w des ign

soon if w e wan t it in th is year's ca ta logue.

j We

We

reach our sales targets .

t r y harder.

It's urgent .

I You

speak to Mr Smith now !

smoke outs ide.

Vocabulary - sales and market ing 2 M a t c h t h e w o r d s ( a - j ) w i t h t h e w o r d s ( 1 - 1 0 ) t o

m a k e n o u n g r o u p s . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib le .

a p roduc t — 1 research

b market \ 2 bui ld ing

c w e b 3 page

d med ia 4 cos t

e market ing 5 process

f despatch 6 sat isfact ion

g t ranspor t 7 exposure

h cus tomer 8 strategy

i brand \

des ign

j compu te r 1 0 range

M a t c h t h e heads of t h e sen tences ( a - h ) t o t h e ta i l s

a We do market research . . .

b We need t o make su re . . . \

c Our market ing st rategies are . . . \

d Our cus tomers are aware of our brand . . .

e Our p roduc t ident i ty is s t rong , . . . \

f Commun ica t ion is very impor tant , . . .

g We use ou r cata logues and our webs i te . . .

h We also f ind out abou t cus tomer needs . . .

Wr i te t e n sen tences us i ng a d i f f e r e n t n o u n g r o u p f r o m A c t i v i t y 2 in each .

a Uje pride oor¿.e.lve-¿» on a. apoá product ra.nge..

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

( 1 - 8 ) t o m a k e c o m p l e t e sen tences .

1 to make sure ou r cus tomers know abou t all our p roduc ís .

2 and mos t peop le recognize our p roduc ís ¡mmediately.

3 by s topp ing t h e m in t he s t reet and asking t hem quest ions.

4 p roduc t ident i ty and b rand bui ld ing.

5 to f ind ou t cus tomer needs.

6 so w e make sure w e talk to our cus tomers .

7 that our cus tomers like our p roduc ís .

8 because w e have ací ive markeí ing síraíegies.

Q Pronunciat ion - vowel sounds A Wr i te d o w n t h e pa i rs o f w o r d s w h i c h rhyme.

|~)CrC hot h o w know

buy do cloar so

now wha t blue eye

1 he.re./cle.ar

2

3

4

5

6

• CD1 T R 3 6 L is ten a n d check . * N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m cor rec t l y .

B A d d t w o m o r e w o r d s w h i c h r h y m e t o each pair. Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

7 What s in a brand

7.C Sales trends

Grammar - words ending in ~¡ng 1 Rewr i t e t h e sen tences , us i ng t h e p r o m p t s a n d

c h a n g i n g t h e v e r b s in ¡ tal ics t o t h e ~ing f o r m .

a A s tockbroker buys and sells shares.

A s tockbroker deals w i th bot^ing and ¿elling

b We purchase most ly in SE Asia.

is most ly in SE Asia.

c We do not import much .

We don ' t do much

d We plan to open the store on 5 t h July.

The store is

e We control qual i ty in Sweden.

the qual i ty is still

done in Sweden .

f It is ¡mpor tant t o find n e w cus tomers .

new cus tomers is

impor tan t .

g We try out n e w ideas. It's an impor tan t part

of company policy.

n e w ¡deas is an

impor tan t part of company policy.

h It is cheaper to transport fíat packs.

fíat packs is cheaper.

¡ We communicate w i th ou r cus tomers - it 's

a t op prior i ty.

A t op pr ior i ty w i t h our cus tomers is

Vocabulary - fo rming nouns and verbs 2 C o m p l e t e t he f o l l o w i n g tab le , e i ther chang ing t h e

e n d i n g o f t h e ve rb t o f o r m a n o u n o r f i nd ing t he v e r b f r o m t h e noun . Use a d i c t i ona ry if necessary. M o r e t h a n o n e answer may be poss ib le .

V e r b N o u n

in t roduce ¡n-troduc-f¡on

compe te

dec is ión

sugges t

créate

examinat ion

expla in

deve lop

recogni t ion

expand

emp loy

¡nformat ion

p roduce

del iver

3 Wr i te f i ve o t h e r v e r b a n d n o u n pai rs . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a commoniGa"te/GommüniGa~tlon

j We reach our sales targets easily.

our sales targets

is easy.

6 2 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Listening - brand power 4 O CD1 T R 3 7 Read t h e tex t . T h e n l i s ten t o t h e

r e c o r d i n g a n d c o m p l e t e t h e g a p s .

I n the past, the annual table o f the top ten

brands changed very l i t t l e f r o m year to year.

Ñames such as Kel logg's, K o d a k , M a r l b o r o and

Nescafé appeared again and again. N o w none

o f these ñames are i n the top ten. Kel logg's,

a ¿econd more than a b ago,

is n o w c i n the latest league

table by In te rb rand , a b rand consultancy. O f

the d brands tha t appeared

i n the top e th is year and last

year, f decl ined i n valué. T h e

combined valué o f these brands fe l l by a lmost

g Customers are less loya l to

brands these days, par t icu lar ly i n l i gh t o f the

recent h A c c o r d i n g to Cata l ina

M a r k e t i n g Corp's Pointer M e d i a N e t w o r k , on ly

fou r out o f i U S brands managed

to keep the i r h i gh l y loya l customers f r o m 2 0 0 7

to 2 0 0 8 .

Source : Adap ted f r o m Who's wearing the trousers? ( 2 0 0 1 , Sep tember 6 ) . The Economist. © The Economist Newspaper L imi ted, London 2 0 0 1 .

Q Pronunciat ion - numbers • CD1 T R 3 8 L is ten t o t h e n u m b e r s . Circ le t h e o n e s y o u hear.

a © 3 0

b 16 6 0

c 19 9 0

d 4 6 4 - 6

e 7 9 7 - 9

f 9 7 9 - 7

9 3,801 3 ,821

h 8 , 4 8 3 , 5 9 7 8 , 4 0 3 , 5 9 7

¡ 8 - 2 8 2

j 15 5 0

k 120 121

I 14 4 0

7 What's in a brand

Quiz - What do I know?

Start here •> W h a t w o u l d y o u s a y ?

W h a t w o u l d y o u say in t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ? If y o u can , r e c o r d y o u r a n s w e r s a n d l is ten t o yourse l f .

We take all our f ive weeks ' hol iday

Say someth ing that you :

1 mus t d o th is week .

2 have t o do th is week .

3 mustn ' t do th is week.

Say the fo l low ing f igures a loud :

1 51

2 9 3 6

3 1 2 3 , 9 8 4

Say th ree act iv i t ies that you enjoy using nouns and verbs end ing in ~ing.

P o i n t s _ / 2

_ / 2

_ / 2

_ _ / l

_ / l

_ _ / 1

/ 3

T o t a l / 1 2

N o w check y o u r a n s w e r s o n • p 1 5 7

If you have scored six or less, go to the B l u e run. If you have scored seven or more , go t o the B l a c k run.

I ue run

1 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x be low . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib l e a n d n o t al l w o r d s w i l l be u s e d .

can can' t need t o shou ld shou ldn ' t

must mustn ' t have to don ' t have to

C o m p a n y p o l i c y

a We have. -to be at w o r k at 9 a.m.

b We have an hour lunch break, bu t

if w e only have half an hour w e go

h o m e half an hour earlier.

in the summer. The of f ices are c losed .

d We wear jeans . They are fo rb idden .

e We look neat and t idy.

f We comp le te a deta i led repor t fo r

ou r bosses every mon th .

g We use the phone for personal calis,

except in an emergency .

2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g l i nk ing w o r d s f r o m t h e b o x be low . The re may be m o r e t h a n o n e answer .

f inal ly a f te rwards as soon as ¡mmediately

next then before (x2) w h e n (x2) % s t

This morn ing Nick was late, a fons-r he didn' t

hear his alarm d o c k , and b he

missed the train. c he got to

the of f ice, but d he could get

to his desk, his boss cal led him in t o tell h im it jus t

wasn ' t good enough . He wou ld have to make more

of an effort to be on t ime, e

he got to his desk, he managed to spill cof fee all

over himself. f he sat down the

te lephone star ted r inging. g he

picked it up, the line was dead. Was this some kind

of a joke? h he t r ied to swi tch

on his computer , but the screen was blank. He

i p icked up the phone to cali the

technic ian, but the line w a s still dead. He ran out

of the room towards the technician's off ice but in

the corridor, he slid, fell over and banged his head.

j when he carne to, he was in

hospital and he thought about his day. There really

were days k w e should never

get out of bed.

Black run

1 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x be low . N o t e : You w i l l n o t use al l o f t h e w o r d s a n d ph rases .

one once tw i ce as m u c h / m a n y

th ree t imes as m u c h / m a n y doub ied

half th i rd quar ter mos t both

any none e i ther t reb led

a Last year ou r prof i ts were $ 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 . This year

they are $ 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 . That 's haj£

b Our sales are up, and ou r prof i ts are up. Yes,

our prof i ts and our sales

have improved .

c We only have 1 0 0 cata logues left,

of t h e m have been

sent out.

d We can send Ken or

Emma t o Japan.

e We sold t he new mode l t o an Italian company

, but it never o rde red

again.

f Product ion has - it w a s

t w o million last year and it's six mill ion this year.

g We have 1 0 0 staff. A of

t h e m - that 's 2 5 , only w o r k par t - t ime.

h Last year w e sold 2 0 mil l ion i tems. This year

w e sold 4 0 mil l ion. That means w e so ld

i We have f ive new p roduc t des igns, but I don ' t

like of t hem.

2 C h a n g e t h e e n d i n g s o f t h e f o l l o w i n g v e r b s t o m a k e n o u n s a n d t h e n w r i t e a s e n t e n c e f o r each . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a market We. mo_.-t inve._>-t more, in ma.fk-e.-tmg.

b sell

c w o r k

d purchase

e open

f adver t ise

g p roduce

h sat isfy

¡ expla in

j commun ica te

3 Transía te t h e s e sen tences in to y o u r o w n l a n g u a g e in y o u r n o t e b o o k . T h e n c ióse t h i s b o o k a n d t r ans ía te y o u r sen tences back in to Eng l ish .

a The te lephone rang as soon as I sat d o w n .

b We mustn ' t was te money on adver t is ing.

c Our markets in SE As ia are tw i ce as big as ou r markets in Europe.

7 ! What s in a brand

7.D Branding matters

Reading an ar t ic le 1 M a k e a l is t o f w e l l - k n o w n p r o d u c í s in y o u r

coun t r y . Th ink o f a b r a n d va lué f o r each o f t h e m .

For example : Sioa-t-.b, u>a-t-ch - brand valoe. i_> i-te st(yj\£>h de-aign.

Read t h e t e x t a n d t i ck ( • ) t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r s t o t h e f o l l o w i n g q u e s t i o n s .

a The strategies wh ich bui l t up the Muj i b rand were :

1 soph is t ica ted and dramat ic

2 s imple and honest

3 dynamic and aggress ive

• 0 •

Muji commonly unique Muj i is short for Mujirushi Ryohin. Translated, this means 'no label, quality goods', and this sums up the brand's approach and has made it one of the leading brands i n Japan. What you see is what you get. You won't see a flashing neón sign w i t h prices slashed. What you w i l l f ind is a tranquil, peaceful environment w i t h pleasingly functional products wrapped i n spare recycled packaging.

Muj i started out i n 1980, opening its first store i n Tokyo i n 1983. After successfully branching out i n Asia, Muj i spread to Europe i n 1991, and is currently trading i n France and the UK.

Despite Muji's lack of labels its core brand valúes are apparent, from the simple packaging and the basic organic colours, to the functionality of the product. A n d since nothing comes without a label these days, not having one is an effective way to distinguish a product.

How does Muj i live up to its strict régimen of brand valúes? From inside to out:

• The manufacturing process is streamlined for efficiency to elimínate waste and reduce costs.

• Packaging is minimal and natural; packing literature is informational only.

• Materials are chosen for their natural fibres and quality; food is healthy; clothes come i n organic colours and are comfortable and unadorned; appliances are simple and functional.

S o u r c e : Rusch, D ( 2 0 0 1 , Ap r i l 3 0 ) . Muj i c o m m o n l y un ique . Brandchannel.com. Ret r ieved f r o m w w w . b r a n d c h a n n e l . c o m / f e a t u r e s _ p ro f i l e . asp?p r_ i d = 14

b The exper ience of go ing into a Muj i shop is:

1 t ranqui l

2 novel

3 exc i t ing

c Muj i p roduc ts are:

1 useful

2 decorat ive

3 exotic

>6 | B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

d The packag ing of a Muj i p roduc t is:

1 plain and economic

2 minimal and ecolog ica l

3 br ight ly des igned

e Muj i rushi Ryohin t ranslated means:

1 label led, cheap goods

2 no label, qual i ty g o o d s

3 average goods

f Muji sel ls:

1 c lo thes

2 th ings for the home

3 bo th 1 and 2

g The key brand valúes of Muji are:

1 valué for money

2 cheap and cheer fu l

3 organical ly p roduced

Vocabulary bui ld ing

• • • • •

• • • • • •

3 L o o k a t t h e t e x t aga in a n d ma tch t h e w o r d s in t h e b o x t o t h e n o u n s a n d n o u n ph rases be low.

minimal comfo r tab le s imple

informat ional s t rcaml ined funct iona l

unadorned natural heal thy

a The manufac tur ing process i_. -3-rre.amlired.

b Packaging

Packing l i terature

d Materials

e Food

f Clothes

h App l iances

Listening f e ; faets 4 <D CD1 T R 3 9 L is ten t o t h e r e p o r t a n d a n s w e r

t h e q u e s t i o n s .

a What w a s the age g roup of the ado lescents

surveyed?

b H o w many count r ies par t ic ipated in the 2 0 0 7

data co l lec t ion?

c In wh ich coun t ry d id teenagers dr ink t he m o s t ?

d Accord ing to the repor t , wh i ch coun t ry

drank the least over t he past 12 mon ths?

e Do boys dr ink more than gir ls?

• CD1 T R 4 0 L is ten aga in a n d f i l l in t h e m iss ing ba rs o n t h e ba r cha r t .

Teenage alcohol consumption ¡n the past 12 months % of 15- and 16-year-olds

Key black = drunkenness (at least once over the past 12 months)

Source: The 2007 ESPAD Report. (2007). Substance Use Among Students in 35 European Countries. Retrieved from http:/ /www.espad. org/Uploads/ESPAD_reports/2007/The_2007_ESPAD_Report-FULL_091006.pdf

3 | Can I help you?

8.A Booking a hotel

6 o o o

a 1

b 1

c 1

d 1

e 1

i *

f 1

(5 o

h 1

A-VNOIIOIQ A _ V N O I 1 0 i a

g 1

¡ 1

Grammar - comparisons 1 Us ing t h e m o d i f i e r s much more, a lot o r slightly,

w r i t e a s e n t e n c e c o m p a r i n g each o f t h e i t ems us i ng t h e p r o m p t s be low .

a compu te r / b i g

Computer l i_> _sligV"rtkj bigge-f -than componer 1.

b camera /expens ive

c D V D s / l o n g

d wa tch /a t t rac t i ve

e MP3 p layer /compact

f d ic t ionary / th ick

g pen /s l im

h wa l le t /o ld

i backpack /sma l le r

Vocabulary - missing in format ion 2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x

be low .

book ing doub le early avai lable late

single faci l i t ies rate conf i rm

salón taxes n ights per

From: Karel Schmidt , ITN Electronix

To: Sally Lind at Hotel Schweizerho f

Subject : Book ing for Mr & Mrs Mart in

Dear Ms Lind,

I w o u l d like t o a conf i rm the b

made for M r and Mrs M a r t i n by phone th is

m o r n i n g fo r a c r o o m for t h ree

d f r o m 4 t h June t o 6 t h June at a

o f $ 6 2 f night ,

inc lud ing g .. May I r em ind you

t h a t t hey need the f o l l o w i n g h :

an In te rne t connec t ion and a US adapter?

I hope these w i l l be i M r and Mrs

M a r t i n w i l l ar r ive j , at a b o u t

11:30 p .m.

Yours sincerely,

Karel Schmidt

Karel Schmid t ITN Electronix

Wri t i ng 3

B

Wr i te t o a h o t e l . A s k a b o u t ava i lab i l i t y o n d a t e s o f y o u r cho i ce , ra tes a n d fac i l i t ies . (Wr i te 6 0 - 8 0 wo rds . ) B e g i n l ike t h i s :

Dear Herr Amoo_.,

I u)oold \\V~e. "to Icnoto i f LJOO have. a room ...

Pronunciat ion - l ink ing words Wri te in t h e l i nk ing m a r k s o n t h e f o l l o w i n g sen tences .

a l'd like to b o o k a room, please.

b A single or a doub le?

c What 's t he d i f fe rence?

d D o you have a sui te avai lable?

e The daily rate is $ 6 0 a night.

<D CD1 TR41 L is ten a n d check . ^ N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m cor rec t l y .

• C D 1 T R 4 2 L is ten t o t h e f o l l o w i n g sen tences a n d m a r k w i t h a P w h e r e t h e na tu ra l pauses are.

A single^please.

I need one single, on June 1 1 t h .

The room has a jacuzz i , shower and WC.

Is that a single, or a doub le?

Yes, w e do have a suite available.

• CD1 T R 4 3 L is ten a n d check . • N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m cor rec t l y .

C L i nked w o r d s t h a t e n d a n d s t a r t w i t h a c o n s o n a n t can m a k e t h e t w o s o u n d s c h a n g e . O n e may even d i sappear .

• C D 1 T R 4 4 Prac t ise say ing t h e f o l l o w i n g pa i rs as t w o w o r d s a n d t h e n l is ten t o see h o w t h e m i d d l e c o n s o n a n t s c h a n g e .

tw in beds

in pnce

super ior sui te

jus t for

wha t faci l i t ies

Can I help you?

8.B Getting together

Grammar - possibi l i ty or probabi l i ty 1 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences us i ng can, could, may, might o r should. M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib le .

He could stay th ree n ights, or he stay four. He hasn't made up his mind yet.

b Yes, w e

con f i rmed.

We

They

S h e _

W e _

have a doub le room available. There 's a provis ional book ing , bu t the c l ient hasn' t

arr ive at 10 a.m. if there isn't much traf f ic.

_ arr ive after midn igh t if the i r plañe is late.

I'm so hungry,

The weather _

. speak four languages. I know for a fact.

have the con ference in May. It's a di f f icul t dec is ión.

eat a horse.

be g o o d th is weekend . The forecast w a s g o o d !

go to t he meet ing. I jus t have t o cancel my o ther appo in tment .

_ be able to reach ou r sales target . We have an excel lent sales staff.

be the r ight f igure. I'm not qui te sure.

don ' t th ink l'll go to the Paris meet ing , but I jus t change my mind.

j We

k $ 5 2 0 ? That

Vocabulary - hotel language 2 M a t c h t h e w o r d s ( a - l ) t o t h e de f i n i t i ons ( 1 - 1 2 ) .

gues t

accommoda t i on

con ference

recept ion

cater ing

f d iscuss ion

g seminar

h overseas

¡ event

j agent

k banquet

I meet ing

1 a place for someone to stay

2 a person w h o is invi ted, or a person s tay ing at a hotel or simi lar

3 a small g roup meet ing to s tudy or talk abou t a par t icu lar top ic

4 a person w h o represents another person or a company

5 large formal meet ing whe re peop le get toge ther and d iscuss impor tan t mat ters

6 coun t ry or count r ies s o m e w h e r e across the sea

7 someth ing that happens , especial ly someth ing impor tan t , interest ing or unusual

8 a p lanned profess ional or social occas ion to w e l c o m e or ce lébrate

9 a fo rmal d inner

1 0 peop le ta lk ing about someth ing

11 p rov id ing f ood and dr ink

12 whe re peop le meet t o talk and dec ide th ings

B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

3 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e w o r d s ( a - l ) in A c t i v i t y 2 . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib l e .

Greta: Hel io, confe.re.nce. serv ices.

Can I help you?

Marce l : Hel io, l'd like to talk to you abou t the

we ' re hold ing in your hotel

next week .

Greta: Yes, of course , your annual sales

conference. You're having a

the f i rs t even ing t o w e l c o m e people,

aren't you?

Marcel : That 's r ight.

Greta: H o w many _

expec t ing?

are you

Marce l : Oh, abou t 4 0 0 , I th ink. Can your

faci l i t ies c o p e w i t h that?

Greta: Of course. But w e can only prov ide

for 2 0 0 .

Marcel : That 's OK. Lots of t hem wil l be local and

wil l go home a f te rwards . We'll need rooms

for abou t 8 0 of ou r

w h o are coming f r om

Greta: Right. A n d then are you having a formal

on t he second even ing?

Marcel : Yes, I also wan ted to conf i rm h o w many

rooms we 've b o o k e d for

the g roups dur ing the day.

Greta: You have ten rooms booked for var ious

Marce l : Excellent. I th ink that 's all.

Greta: Fine, but don ' t hesi tate to cali back if you

have any other wor r ies .

4 Wr i te t h e d e f i n i t i o n s f o r t h e f o l l o w i n g w o r d s . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a r oom serv ice

A ¿eo/ice a.llou)ing goe-^-ts t o orde.r f o o d a.nd

drink- -to be. broogh-t -to -the.ir room.

b en suite

c hotel ier

d lounge

e por te r

Pronunc ia ron - in tonat ion pat terns Your i n t o n a t i o n s h o u l d s o u n d i n te res ted in t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n . If y o u r i n t o n a t i o n is f íat , y o u s o u n d b o r e d o r r u d e .

• C D 1 T R 4 5 L is ten t o t h e p h r a s e s s p o k e n t w i c e . T ick ( • ) t h e a p p r o p r i a t e b o x each t i m e .

I n t e r e s t e d B o r e d

Can I help you? [ •

Can I help you?

l'd like to know someth ing abou t you r con ference faci l i t ies.

l'd like to know someth ing abou t your con ference faci l i t ies.

H o w many peop le are you expec t ing?

H o w many peop le are you expec t ing?

I see.

I see.

Right.

Right.

That shou ld be f ine.

That should be f ine.

• • • • • •

• •

• •

• • • • • •

B Prac t ise say ing t h e ph rases w i t h i n te res ted i n t o n a t i o n .

8 Can I help you?

8.C A good idea

Grammar - modal auxi l iary would 1 Wr i te t h e r e s p o n s e t o t h e f o l l o w i n g sen tences

us i ng t h e exp ress ions would, would you like o r would you mind. M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib le .

a Would you like tea or cof fee?

I looold lilíLe. a. cop o f c o f f e e , plea.^e.

b You offer someone some help wi th a computer prob lem.

c A col league asks you wh ich date is the best for a meet ing; 17 t h May is best for you.

Vocabulary - g i f ts 2 M a t c h t h e w o r d s in t h e b o x b e l o w t o t h e g i f t s

p i c t u r e d . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

wa tch d o c k pen rucksack car

s n o w b o a r d leather jacke t s tereo system

•

d You ask a col league to help you move your desk.

e A f r iend asks wha t you wan t to do at the weekend. •

You are having lunch wi th a col league. She asks if you want t o go out or stay in and eat at the staff cafetería.

g A fr iend suggests going to see a f i lm that you really want to see.

You see a col league leaving wo rk in his car and heading for the city centre. You wan t to go to the city centre too. Ask him to take you. E l •

You are ¡n the middle of your work when the te lephone rings. You are busy, so you ask a col league to answer the phone.

3 Wr i te d o w n six m o r e o b j e c t s w h i c h m a k e g o o d g i f t s . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a pe-r-fume. d

b e

2 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Wri t ing - in formal note 4 A f r i e n d has j u s t g i ven y o u a p r e s e n t f o r y o u r b i r t h d a y a n d i t w a s j u s t w h a t y o u w a n t e d .

Wr i t e a t h a n k y o u n o t e o f a r o u n d 8 0 w o r d s .

Q Pronunciat ion - mul t i -sy l lable words A Put t h e w o r d s f r o m t h e b o x in to t h e t a b l e b e l o w a c c o r d i n g t o t h e i r s t ress p a t t e r n .

luxury typ ica l convcnt iona l economic porcela in Japanese pho tog raphy

European company impor tan t impol i te r emember b io logy techno logy

•••• •••• • •• • •• ••• conven-lional

B • CD1 T R 4 6 L is ten a n d check .

# N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e w o r d s .

Quiz - What do I know?

Start here - • W h a t w o u l d y o u s a y ?

What w o u l d y o u say in t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ? If y o u can , r e c o r d y o u r a n s w e r s a n d l is ten t o yourse l f .

a H o w w o u l d you ask: P o i n t s 1 abou t dai ly rates in a hote l? _ / 1_

2 wha t k ind of en sui te faci l i t ies are avai lable? _l ]_

3 if the room has a v i ew? _ / 1

b Answer quedes about your conference centre; descr ibe wha t facil i t ies are available. _ / 5

Sugges t appropr ia te hospi ta l i ty g i f ts . _ / 2

Write d o w n t w o th ings that you w o u l d like to do in the com ing year. 12

T o t a l / 12

N o w check y o u r a n s w e r s o n • p157

If you have scored six or less, go to the B l u e run. If you have scored seven or more , go to the B l a c k run.

I ue run

1 The t e l e p h o n e c o n v e r s a t i o n f o r b o o k i n g a ho te l r o o m has b e c o m e m ixed up. N u m b e r sen tences s o t hey are in t h e co r rec t order .

a Of course, f r om wha t da te?

b A doub le is € 7 5 and a s ingle is € 4 5 .

c Four nights. 1 1 , h Augus t t o 14 t h Augus t ,

inclusive.

d Single or doub le?

e What 's the d i f ference in pr ice?

f l'd like to book a room, please.

g Erm, OK, NI have a doub le room for

all four n ights.

t h e

• • • •

For h o w many n ights?

H o w can I help you?

A single, p lease.

I a m sorry. I'm afraid w e only have

a doub le available on 1 1 I h August .

1 1 t h Augus t .

• • • • • Use t h e t a b l e a n d t h e p r o m p t t o w r i t e a sen tence c o m p a r i n g sa la r ies w i t h t h e na t iona l ave rage . A l so use o n e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g m o d i f i e r s : much, far, slightly o r quite a lot.

Factors affecting salaries - UK Figures represent the amoun t be low or above the national average

less than the national

more than the national

average average

W o r k i n g i n o r n e a r a c a p i t a l c i t y

Near a capi tal c i ty 1 2 %

Small t owns 5 %

I n d u s t r y w o r k e d in

Compu te r industry up to 4 0 %

Pharmaceut ical indust ry 1 0 %

Cater ing industry 1 5 %

Tour ism 2 %

S ize o f c o m p a n y

More than 5 0 0 employees 1 2 %

F e w e r t h a n 1 0 0 emp loyees 1 3 %

a Capital c i t ies: People ioho ioork. in or near a caprfa', cr tu e a m gorfe, a. \c-*r more, f o a n -f'ne nat ional average-,

b Small t o w n s :

c Compute r industry:

d Pharmaceut ica l industry:

e Cater ing industry:

f Tour ism:

g Company w i th more than 5 0 0 employees :

h Compan ies w i th fewer than 1 0 0 employees :

2 Wr i te s u g g e s t i o n s f o r t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s w i t h t h e p r o m p t s be low.

a You are go ing to buy a present for a co l league w h o has jus t had a baby.

A g o o d idea might be. -to boi^ a. -totj or ba.bu Glo-the.¿?.

b You are dec id ing on a hol iday w i t h you r family.

A safe bet

c You are dec id ing on a surpr ise ou t ing fo r your parents on their w e d d i n g anniversary.

1 Wr i te a sen tence a b o u t t h e p robab i l i t y o f t he p r o m p t s be low, us ing may, might, should o r could.

a Internet in every home. h¿> -te-C-hnologij \±> noto che-a.pe.r, toe, ¿shoold 5Qon find t h e In-t-e.rne.j- in e-ve-o home-.

b Domest ic robots in t he home.

c Two months ' hol iday a year for everyone.

We cou ld

d You are dec id ing on an idea for an evening ou t

for a c l ient w h o doesn ' t know your t o w n .

I w o u l d sugges t

e Your boss asks you w h e t h e r she shou ld take a

cl ient t o t he theat re or t he opera .

It's bet ter

A co l league cannot dec ide wha t to cook fo r a

d Air travel fo r everyone. d i n n e r P a r t y o n F r i d a V -

A g o o d idea

Traff ic-free c i ty centres.

f Everybody work ing at home, rather than in the of f ice.

Transíate t h e s e sen tences in to y o u r o w n l a n g u a g e in y o u r n o t e b o o k . T h e n c ióse t h i s b o o k a n d t rans ía te y o u r sen tences back in to Eng l ish .

a The Grand Hotel is s l ight ly more expens ive than the Mehd ian .

b We cou ld cater for at least 5 0 0 peop le .

c I w o u l d sugges t w e begin at 5 p.m.

g Cars wh ich don ' t pol lute.

8 Can I help you?

8.D Attracting visitors

Reading an ar t ic le 1 Read t h e t ex t a n d say w h e r e A r m a n i p lans t o o p e n his nex t h o t e l .

Armani opens first hotel in Dubai I ta l ian des igner G io rg i o A r m a n i o p e n e d his f i rs t ho te l at t h e w o r l d ' s ta l lest t o w e r in Duba i o n Tuesday, g i v ing a b o o s t t o t h e Emirate's b id t o recover f r o m a d e b t crisis.

T h e des igner b r o u g h t his t r a d e m a r k m in ima l i s t sty le t o a c i ty f a m o u s f o r excess, w i t h t h e A r m a n i Hote l Duba i des igned w i t h an u n d e r s t a t e d pa le t te o f c ream a n d ea r th co lou rs .

A r m a n i - w h o s e business is w o r t h a r o u n d $ 2 . 4 b i l l ion a year in sales - p a r t n e r e d w i t h Emaar Proper t ies , t h e A r a b w o r l d ' s largest l isted deve loper , in 2 0 0 5 t o deve lop a series o f noté is , resor ts a n d residences in key cit ies a r o u n d t h e w o r l d .

From m a n - m a d e islands shaped like p a l m t rees t o an i n d o o r ski s lope in t h e deser t , Duba i has m a r k e t e d i tsel f as t h e c i ty o f b l i ng , p u t t i n g i tsel f o n t h e m a p w i t h a b i gge r is b e t t e r pol icy.

A r m a n i said Emaar C h a i r m a n M o h a m e d A l a b b a r desc r ibed t h e c i t y as l a s Vegas in t h e deser t ' .

'I a m a m in ima l i s t , less is m o r e ... a n d w h e n I l ooked a t w h a t w a s h a p p e n i n g here it w a s t h e oppos i t e , ' he said a t t h e ho te l l aunch . 'Bu t he w a n t e d m e a n d I w a n t e d h i m . '

Emaar a n d A r m a n i p lan t o o p e n t h e nex t h o t e l , A r m a n i Hote l M i l a n o , in t h e I tal ian c i ty in 2 0 1 1 .

O t h e r p ro jec ts inc lude A r m a n i ' s f i rs t resor t , t o be loca ted in M a r r a k e c h , a n d A r m a n i residences villas in Marass i , Egypt .

A s tanda rd r o o m in t h e ho te l , w h i c h does n o t have a s ing le p i c tu re o n its wa l ls , w i l l cost 4 , 0 0 0 d i rhams ($1 ,089 ) a n igh t , w h i l e t h e best su i te has a pr ice t a g o f 4 0 , 0 0 0 d i r hams .

A tab le at t h e Prive l o u n g e , w h i c h is h o m e t o t h e w o r l d ' s largest LCD screen, w i l l cost a t least 3 , 0 0 0 d i r h a m s a visit , as gues ts can feas t t he i r eyes o n A r m a n i s h o w s a n d v ideos .

The 1 6 0 - r o o m A r m a n i ho te l occup ies six f l oo r s in t h e Burj Khal i fa t o w e r , w h i c h o p e n e d o n Jan. 4 , in a d d i t i o n t o e i gh t f l oo rs d e d i c a t e d t o 144 A r m a n i luxur ious residences.

The t w o par t ies dec l i ned t o reveal t h e cost o f t h e ho te l .

Source: Walid, T (2010, April 27). Armani opens first hotel in Dubai, plans Milán next. Reuters. Retrieved from www. reuters.com/article/2010/04/27/emirates-armanihotel-idUSLDE63Q1EK20100427

7 6 | B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Read t h e t e x t aga in a n d say if t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s are t r u e (T) o r fa l se (F) . If t h e r e is n o t e n o u g h i n f o r m a t i o n , w r i t e d o n ' t k n o w (DK) .

a The Arman i Hotel Dubai is the f i rs t of

several Arman i hotels.

b The hotel is decora ted in a minimal ist

sty le.

c A rman i j o i ned torces w i th Emaar

Propert ies in 2 0 0 6 .

d A rman i compared Duba i w i th Las Vegas.

e No expense w a s spared for the

hotel launch.

f The Arman i Hotel Pompei i ; wil l open

in 2 0 1 1 .

g Emaar and Armani are also branch ing

into luxury modes of t ranspor t .

h Guests can v iew Arman i shows and

v ideos on t he wor ld 's largest LCD screen.

¡ The Arman i Hotel Dubai takes up six f loors in Dubai 's ta l lest tower, the Burj Khalifa.

T

Vocabulary 3 Put t h e w o r d s f r o m t h e box in to t h e co r rec t

c a t e g o r y in t h e t a b l e d e p e n d i n g o n w h e t h e r t h e y are used t o t a l k a b o u t bus iness , ho te l s o r b o t h .

four otar prof i ts b rand ing diversi f¡cat ión

lobby bar área company logo check- in

room serv ice boa rd room recent acquis i t ions

brand ing cus tomers book ings

p roduc t ion line gues ts pr ice

B u s i n e s s H o t e l s B o t h

boa.fdfoom •foor-ó-fa-f pcof r ts

Wri t ing 4 Wr i te t o y o u r b o s s d e s c r i b i n g t h r e e ho te l s in y o u r t o w n w h i c h are s u i t a b l e f o r v i s i t o rs . C o m p a r e s o m e o f

t h e f o l l o w i n g : t h e s ize, t h e cos t , t h e se rv i ce , t h e c o n v e n i e n c e a n d t h e fac i l i t ies . (Wr i te a b o u t 1 0 0 w o r d s . )

Listening - dates and events 5 • CD1 T R 4 7 L is ten t o t h e a n s w e r i n g se rv i ce a t t h e Z u r i c h V i s i t o r s Bu reau a n d c o m p l e t e t h e ca lenda r o f

even t s be low .

IVlay 16-Ma. t^ 21

Swiss Ar t Ant igües Fair

Kin Circus

J u n e -

The Corso Theatre

J u l y 1 4 - A u g u s t

Open-a i r

A u g u s t

Wor ld _ Cup Champ ionsh ip

- J u n e 1 S e p t e m b e r

Switzer land's largest funfa i r

O c t o b e r

Swisscom Chal lenge

a t t h e lake

It's an order! . . . '7. . . 1

9.A On our records

Grammar - l ink ing w i th relative pronouns 1 Use which, in which, who o r whom t o m a k e t h e

t w o sen tences b e l o w in to one . A d d any a d d i t i o n a l v o c a b u l a r y w h e r e n e e d e d .

a I'm deal ing w i th the enquir ies. They carne in th is morn ing .

I 'm de.a.ling ufrfh -the. e.ngoifie.¿> iohic.h carne, in

Unte morning.

b This is the of f ice. I moved into it on Monday.

c My co l leagues are f lexible. I w o r k w i t h t hem.

d I'm sure this is the f i le. I saved the letter in it.

e He's a customer. l've never met him before.

f What 's the ñame of the new accounts ass is tant? He is s tand ing over there .

g The cus tomer asked for our pr ice list. He phoned f ive minutes ago.

h I wan t to see the repor t . They sent the repor t th is morn ing .

i We've o rde red a machine. It's very ef f ic ient.

j The brochures didn' t arrive. I sent t hem yesterday.

k This is the documen t . It g ives the cus tomer all the detai ls.

2 Read t h e sen tences t h a t y o u have w r i t t e n in A c t i v i t y 1. Can y o u rep lace t h e re la t i ve p r o n o u n s t h a t y o u have used w i t h that? L ist b e l o w w h i c h o n e s can c h a n g e .

^

Vocabulary - ordering 3 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e

b o x be low .

invoice request adv ice note copy

d o c u m c n t s s ta tement enqu i ry

despatch note o rder quota t ion receive

These are all t he a doc-ume-n-te wh ich you deal

w i th . First of all, cus tomers may b

informat ion or they may send a let ter of

c , or ask for a d ,

in w h i c h w e tell t h e m h o w much they wi l l pay for

thei r e When w e actual ly

f t he order, w e send the

cus tomer an g , and w e send a

h w i th the o rder itself. Our regular

cus tomers get a month ly i and the

o thers receive an j You mus t keep

a k of every th ing you send out .

7 8 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Wri te de f i n i t i ons fo r t h e f o l l o w i n g , us ing a re la t i ve c lause w i t h each o f t h e p r o m p t s .

a an ¡Pod (an ob jec t w h i c h . . . )

An iPod \s, an ob^e-C-t lohich plaiy? m05.i£

and lohicb y o can ca r r ^ afoond u?rth LJOO.

b a depa r tmen t store (a place whe re . . . )

k a d iary (a book whe re . . . )

I a personal assistant (a person w h o . . . )

c a cus tomer (a person w h o . . . )

d an of f ice (a place whe re . . . )

e a CD-ROM (an ob jec t wh i ch

f a ca ta logue (an ob jec t wh i ch . . . )

g a compet i to r (a person w h o ...]

h a por tab le hard dr ive (a dev ice whe re . . . )

¡ a warehouse (a place whe re ... ]

j a co l league (a person w h o . . . )

Wri t i ng - responding to a customer

5 Wr i te t o a c u s t o m e r w h o w a n t s t o k n o w t h e p r i ce o f y o u r p r o d u c t a n d t h e p o s s i b l e de l i ve ry da te . (Wr i te a b o u t 8 0 wo rds . )

To: Terry Roach

CC: Sally Lind at Hotel Schweizerhof

Subject : Price Enquiry

Dear M r Roach,

W i t h regards t o your enqu i r y da ted

Pronunciat ion - consonants and consonant clusters Prac t ise say ing t h e f o l l o w i n g sen tences .

a We wan t to order a vat of valuable w ine for next Wednesday.

b If you check your t o n g u e and change your manner, you can charm the customer, Charl ie.

c A qu ick quota t ion w o u l d keep the cus tomer qui te quiet.

• CD1 T R 4 8 L isten a n d check. ^ N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e s o u n d s co r rec t l y .

9 It's an order!

9.B Customer enquiries

Grammar - the passive 1 C h a n g e t h e f o l l o w i n g sen tences i n to t h e pass ive ,

leav ing o u t t h e p e r s o n w h e n e v e r y o u can .

a We received an order yesterday.

An order toa.^. received cje^-ferda-i-y

b I am send ing out 6 0 0 ca ta logues th is week .

c Jane asked me to cali you back, Mr Kent.

d The of f ice has given me the w r o n g address.

e The Sales Depar tmen t p romised me del ivery wi th in a week .

f The secretary is prepar ing your invoice r ight now.

g The company doesn ' t a l low smok ing at work .

h The technic ian is repair ing my c o m p u t e r th is morn ing .

¡ I'm sorry, sir. We have j us t so ld t he last available XHT mode l .

j If w e add the f igures together , w e can see w h a t prof i ts w e made this year.

k They 've tu rned the main of f ice into an IT room.

W h i c h r e s p o n s e is m o r e l ike ly t o be sa id w h e n a n s w e r i n g t h e q u e s t i o n ? T ick ( • ) e i the r 1 o r 2 .

a What 's t he mat ter w i t h Bob?

• • •

1 He's been hur t in an accident .

2 S o m e o n e hur t h im in an acc ident .

Where's your wa tch?

1 It's be ing repaired.

2 Someone is repair ing it.

Where 's A l ice?

1 She w a s j us t seen in the cafetería.

2 Someone jus t saw her in t he cafetería. [

Can I smoke?

1 We do not a l low you to smoke.

2 Smok ing is not a l lowed.

Have you f in ished the sales orders ye t?

1 Yes, I f in ished t h e m half an hour ago.

2 Yes, they were f inished half an hour ago. [

Where 's your moto rb ike?

1 It's been sto len.

2 Someone has sto len it.

H o w d id you learn Engl ish?

1 I w a s taugh t it at school .

2 Someone taugh t me it at schoo l .

Where are you f r om?

1 I w a s born in Ox fo rd , bu t I w a s b rough t up in Manchester .

2 I w a s born in Ox fo rd , but someone b rough t me up in Manchester.

When can I expec t the parce l?

1 The parcel wil l be pos ted today.

2 l'll pos t the parcel today.

What w a s the meal l ike?

1 The f ood w a s del ic ious, and it w a s eaten in f ive minutes.

2 The f o o d w a s de l ic ious and gone in f ive minutes.

• • • • • • • • •

Vocabulary - dialogue 3 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x

be low .

w o r r y -exact appropr ia te else

of course mat ter bo ther

stra ight away ¡dea w r o n g

a Marcel : What 's the t ime? A b o u t 5 p.m.,

I th ink.

Daniel : No, wha t ' s the exac-t-

b Peter: D o you need anyth ing

Madam Rigauld?

Madam Rigauld: No thanks, that 's all.

t ime?

c Jane:

Paul:

d Ana:

Julia:

Look at all th is traf f ic. We're go ing to

be late.

Don ' t - they' l l wai t

for us.

Have you f in ished those e-mai ls yet?

Yes, It w a s t he f i rs t

th ing I d id .

e Tamsin: Look, th is package has been

returned to us. Did you send it to the

address?

Shakira: Oh no, I must have made a mistake.

f Ferrat: I can' t f ind that d o c u m e n t anywhere .

Saúl : It doesn ' t l've got a

copy here.

g M igue l : Wou ld you like me to cali Mr Grant?

Alex: No, don' t l'll do it myself.

i Ben: Have you checked that address yet?

Kate: No, but l'll do it

j Sarah: Would you like a c loser look?

Claire: Yes please, but do you th ink th is is

an gi f t for a young man

of 18?

Pronunciat ion - word endings Pract ise t h e p r o n u n c i a t i o n o f w o r d e n d i n g s w i t h t h e w o r d s be low .

useful

employer

f lexible

hope less

arrival

p roduc t i ve

® C D 1 T R 4 9 L is ten a n d check . # N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m cor rec t l y .

B Wr i te f i ve o t h e r w o r d s w h i c h have s imi la r w o r d e n d i n g s . Check y o u k n o w h o w t o p r o n o u n c e t h e m . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a manager

h Christ ina: D o you know whe re Kar im is?

Leo: Sorry, l've go t no

9 ¡ It's an order!

9.C Orders and invoices

Grammar - imperat ives 1 Wr i t e t h e exp ress ions y o u w o u l d use in t h e

f o l l o w i n g s i t ua t i ons , us ing e i the r let o r let's a n d t h e v e r b in b racke ts . M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib le .

a You sugges t having a cup of co f fee to a f r iend. (have)

L e j t ^ nave, a, c-op o f coffe-e..

b A t ra inee is having a p rob lem w i t h someth ing you can do easily. (do)

c In a morn ing meet ing , t he boss dec ides that Sue must w o r k in Recept ion today. (work)

d You see a co l league car ry ing a pile of heavy boxes. (help)

Vocabulary - preposit ions 2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e box

be low .

'd like to set op_

b Would you like to pay

by cred i t card or bank t ransfer?

c I'm sorry, we 've so ld

an account , please.

the order

that t ype

of choco la te . Wou ld you like t o replace it w i t h

another?

I'm sorry, I d idn ' t hear you . I w a s speak ing

Kim.

e Would you pass

Anna Grant, p lease?

t he message to

e A f r iend wants t o dec ide wh ich f i lm you are seeing th is evening. You don ' t wan t to dec ide r ight now. (decide)

f You need to check s o m e in format ion for a customer. (check)

g A cus tomer has phoned to ask lots of quest ions about pr ices. You wan t to send him a pr ice list. (send)

h A co l league wan ts to talk about a work- re la ted prob lem. You are busy now. (not talk)

i You and another t ra inee have a p rob lem. You dec ide to ask t he boss fo r help. (ask)

f I'm not busy at the moment . Let me deal

those orders .

g The company is t ry ing new of f ice

equ ipment . We want to know wha t you th ink

it.

h l've been look ing these f igures all

morn ing , but I can ' t see any mistakes.

¡ What happened at the meet ing? I haven' t heard

it yet.

3 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences a f t e r t h e v e r b look, us ing at, after, in, around, up, out, out of, for, up to o r into.

a I'm not sure wha t th is w o r d means, l'll have to

look it op_ in the dict ionary.

b Look the mess ! Please t idy up the

of f ice a bit.

c l've lost my diary. Can you help me look

it?

d He looked the shop , but he d idn ' t f c o m e up w i th

f ind anyth ing he l iked.

e If you' re go ing to arr ive at 9 p.m. l'll look

for you .

f She looked

that it w a s snow ing .

g OK, l'll look

the w i n d o w and saw

on you in your of f ice

th is a f te rnoon to d iscuss it.

h I'm chang ing my j o b as I wan t a bet ter boss.

Someone I can look

i David, th is is our new t ra inee, Claire. Can you

look her until she gets to k n o w a

f e w peop le?

j Tanya, there 's a p rob lem w i t h the compu te r

connec t ion . Can you look it and

see what ' s w r o n g ?

4 Wr i te sen tences us ing t h e phrasa l v e r b s be low . M a k e su re y o u have u n d e r s t o o d t h e i r m e a n i n g s . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a take away

Ca.n cjoo -ta.kie a.ioa.t compo-ter. It'¿>

broLe-n.

b take in

c take up

d c o m e into

e c o m e across

g get on w i t h

h get over

¡ get round to

j put of f

Q Pronunciat ion - in tonat ion in quest ion tags

A (D CD1 T R 5 0 L is ten t o t h e i n t o n a t i o n in t h e q u e s t i o n s . Put an up a r r o w o r a d o w n a r r o w a f t e r each q u e s t i o n , d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i n t o n a t i o n .

a 1 You're a regular customer, aren' t you? | ? |

2 You're a regular customer, aren' t you?

b 1 He has an account , doesn ' t he?

2 He has an account , doesn ' t he?

• •

c 1 She'll pay by deb i t card , won ' t she?

2 She'll pay by deb i t card , won ' t she?

B ® CD1 T R 5 1 N o w l i s ten aga in t o t h e q u e s t i o n s . Put a Y, nex t t o t h e q u e s t i o n s w h e r e t h e s p e a k e r e x p e c t s t h e a n s w e r y e s a n d a q u e s t i o n mark (?) w h e r e t h e speake r is n o t sure . Prac t i se say ing t h e q u e s t i o n s b o t h ways .

8 3

9 ¡ It's an order!

Quiz - What do I know?

Start here -> W h a t w o u l d y o u s a y ?

W h a t w o u l d y o u say ¡n t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ? If y o u can , r e c o r d y o u r a n s w e r s a n d l is ten t o yourse l f .

a Say wha t the fo l low ing d o c u m e n t s do : P o i n t s

1 an invoice _ / 2

2 a quota t ion _ / 2

b Explain to a co l league about t w o d i f ferent del iver ies using the passive fo rm. _ / 4

c You are placing an order over the phone. Ask abou t avai labi l i ty and payment detai ls. _ / 2

d Wri te t w o d i f ferent k inds of sentence using let. _ / 2

T o t a l / 12

N o w check y o u r a n s w e r s o n • p 1 5 8

If you have scored six or less, go t o the B l u e run. If you have scored seven or more , go to the B l ack run.

Blue run

1 C o m p l e t e t h e passage , c h o o s i n g e i t he r which, in which, who o r that. M o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e r may be poss ib le .

M y co l l eagues n e a r l y a l w a y s g i ve choco la tes

t o p e o p l e i n o u r o f f i ce w h o have b i r t h d a y s o r

a u)ho a r e l e a v i n g . T h e choco la tes a r e

u s u a l l y f r o m Choco la t Jensen, b

is t h e bes t choco la te m a n u f a c t u r e r i n t o w n !

T h e choco la tes a r e o f t e n l e f t o n t h e t a b l e

c is j u s t b y r e c e p t i o n . T h e o f f i ce

d I a m w o r k i n g i n a t t h e m o m e n t

h a p p e n s t o be j u s t b y r e c e p t i o n t o o ! W h e n

t h e r e a re choco la tes a r o u n d , I s p e n d the

m o r n i n g , e I a lways f i n d v e r y l o n g ,

t h i n k i n g o f excuses to ge t u p a n d w a l k o u t

o f m y of f ice. I h e a d f o r t h e l oo , f is

d o w n the c o r r i d o r , o r f i n d s o m e t h i n g else t o

do , p i c k i n g u p a choco la te d i s c r e e t l y as I go .

I g ive a v e r y o d d l o o k t o a n y o n e g

asks m e w h y I a m i n a n d o u t o f m y o f f i ce a l l

t h e t i m e . T h e y u s u a l l y t h i n k h I 'm

s ick . I n fact , b e f o r e t h e e n d o f t h e m o r n i n g I

u s u a l l y a m s i ck - a n d t h e b o x o f choco la tes

is e m p t y .

Co r rec t t h e pass ive sen tences be low . Whe re necessary , t a k e o u t su rp lus i n f o r m a t i o n a n d a d d any a d d i t i o n a l v o c a b u l a r y w h e r e n e e d e d .

a The bilí w a s received f r om someone on 7 í h

December .

T h e bilí u)a.s received o n 7-t~h December.

b The enqu i ry w a s pass on to me.

c The informat ion has sent last week.

d The del ivery note w a s sent at t he same t ime w i th as the package.

e The file w a s checked by someone th is morn ing .

f An invoice is be sent to the customer.

g The samples were damage on arrival.

h The s ta tement will sent as usual.

8 4 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

9.Q

Read t h e sen tences be low. S o m e o f t h e sen tences con ta in a re la t ive p r o n o u n t ha t is unnecessary . Cross o u t t h e unnecessary re lat ive p r o n o u n .

a The peop le wJrrTwe met at the con fe rence are com ing to visit the fac to ry next week .

b This is the n e w choco la te wh ich w e are p romot ing th is mon th .

c The fax wh ich arr ived th is morn ing is a que ry about an order.

d The hotel whe re they stayed w a s ve ry expensive.

e The co l league w h o I asked abou t career p rospec ts gave me s o m e g o o d advice.

f The g o o d s wh ich are d a m a g e d are re funded in ful l .

g That 's t he cus tomer w h o o rde red 2 4 car tons last week .

h The suppl ier w h o w e used last mon th is not very rel iable.

¡ The person w h o I learnt the j o b f r om left the company last week .

j The cl ients w h o s e accounts are set t led on t ime get a d iscount .

k The head of f ices w h i c h I v is i ted in Berl in are very luxur ious.

Rewr i te t h e s e sen tences us ing t h e ~ing f o r m . M a k e any o t h e r necessa ry c h a n g e s .

a Before you learn t o use th is so f tware , you mus t learn the basic steps.

be fo re . learning -tr> u^e -fhte ¿of-noa-re, y u

mo^-t lea.ro - the ba¿»ic a-tep¿..

b Af ter she agreed to w o r k late, a f r iend phoned and asked her out .

Before w e take a break, w e shou ld look at the new models .

e When you wo rk at your computer , make sure you sit in a comfo r tab le pos i t ion.

f When I wo rked in Recept ion, I go t to know a lot of the cl ients.

g Af ter I had booked a hotel fo r Mr Gr im, he changed his mind about the t r ip.

h Before I carne to w o r k for th is company, I w a s at co l lege ful l - t ime.

i Af ter Sarah sent the e-mai l , she real ized she had fo rgo t ten the a t tachment .

j Before you say no, you shou ld l isten to all the a rguments .

c Af ter I have f in ished the invoices, can I go h o m e ?

Transíate t h e s e sen tences i n to y o u r o w n l a n g u a g e in y o u r n o t e b o o k . Then c ióse th i s b o o k a n d t rans ía te y o u r sen tences back in to Eng l i sh .

a I made a mistake in t he repor t I sent you yesterday.

b I have a f r iend w h o w o r k s in your company.

c This is the of f ice I w o r k in mos t of the t ime.

9 It's an order!

9.D Fair trade

Reading - matching pictures and tex t 1 M a t c h t h e sen tences b e l o w t o t h e p i c tu res .

• •

• • a Here ¡s the f inal p roduc t - a c reamy

Dubb le bar.

b Af ter a week , the beans are removed f rom the banana leaves and spread out on a b a m b o o tab le to dry. The farmer mus t t u m them over n o w and again to make sure they d ry evenly and don ' t s t ick together.

c The sacks are loaded onto a t ruck and t ranspor ted to the Ghanaian por t of Tema. They are then sh ipped t o Europe.

Chocola te f lavour comes f rom c o c o a beans wh ich g r o w in pods on cocoa t rees. Cocoa t rees g row in hot, d a m p cl imates, near the equator, for example in Ghana or Brazi l .

The se lected beans are packed into sacks and we ighed . The fa rmer is paid a fair wage as he is wo rk ing for a fair t rade organizat ion. He wil l get the o ther half w h e n C o c o b o d , the government cocoa board , accepts the cocoa.

To get the i r r ich f lavour, the beans must lie ou t in the heat. They are w r a p p e d in huge banana leaves.

B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Vocabulary - preposit ions and adverbs 2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e

box be low .

into in (x2) to f rom over near out (x2)

Cocoa beans g r o w in Ghana, wh ich is

the equator.

The beans lie

w r a p p e d

in t he heat,

huge banana leaves.

The fa rmer turns the beans

The beans are removed the

banana leaves and spread

on a b a m b o o tab le .

The beans are packed

The sacks are loaded

and taken the por t .

_ sacks.

a t ruck

Wr i t i ng 3 Wr i te sen tences a b o u t t h e p r o d u c t s y o u ea t

w h i c h c o m e f r o m o t h e r coun t r i es . Use t h e pass ive f o r m as m u c h as y o u can .

bananas are, groion in -the. Ul&¿± Indie.^. The.^

are. picLed before. -thecj are, ripe, and pacLaged

care-foll^ be-cao^e- -fhe-cj are- fragüe. The-tj a re

-then ahipped -to Eorope.

Listening to a report 4 • CD1 T R 5 2 L is ten t o de ta i l s o f t h e f i nanc ia l a id g i ven by r ich coun t r i es t o p o o r coun t r i es .

C o m p l e t e t h e m iss i ng ba rs o n t h e cha r t .

Miser ly by compar i son Aid as % of GNI

Denmark

Norway

The Netherlands

Sweden

Britain

Italy

United States

Canadá

Luxembourg

Greece

Japan

South Korea

LO O LD o LO O LO

o T •<-. N o>j m m o o o d o o o

O LO (O (O

o o

O LO o ir, r« r-, oo oo ó ó ó ó o *: T

S o u r c e : OECD. ( 2 0 1 0 ) . Development aid rose in 2009 and most donors will meet 2010 aid targets. Retr ieved f rom h t t p : / / w w w . o e c d . O r g / d o c u m e n t / 1 1 / 0 , 3 7 4 6 , e n _ 2 6 4 9 _ 3 4 4 4 7 _ 4 4 9 8 1 5 7 9 _ 1 _1 _1 _1 ,00 .h tml

^ 10 I Global reach _

10.A International transport

Grammar - passive w i th g e t 1 C h o o s e a w o r d o r ph rase f r o m t h e box b e l o w

a n d w r i t e a s e n t e n c e w i t h t h e w o r d get t o exp la in s t ages in a s h i p m e n t .

we igh damage take by air take by van

c lear th rough cus toms

del iver to t he cus tomer package co l lec t

so r t check for qual i ty

8 8 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

Vocabulary - money 2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x

b e l o w .

pr ice valuable bilí

wal le t cash notes co in

chango cos ts safe

a Have you go t change for 2 0 euros,

p lease? I need it for the park ing meter.

b The Federal Bank is issuing n e w $ 1 0 0 bank

at t he end of t he year.

c D iamonds are very

My g randmothe r keeps hers in a

at the bank!

d The of petro l is go ing up again

next mon th .

e Buying on the Internet

buy ing at a c i ty cent re retailer.

less than

f Can I pay w i th a c red i t card? I haven' t go t

much left.

g Hey, l've lost my

stolen it.

.! Or someone 's

h There's someth ing w r o n g w i th th is 5 0 cent

- it won ' t go in the machine.

¡ Hey, give tha t t o me. It's my turn to pay t he

3 S t u d y t h e s p i d e r g r a m o n t r a n s p o r t a n d t h e n a d d y o u r o w n de ta i l s t o t h e o t h e r c a t e g o r i e s : f o o d , t rave l a n d w o r k . Use a d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

vans — vehic les m e a n s o f t ranspor t

lorr ies ¡ n s ^ ^ - - ^ r o a d sea air C T r a n s p o r t J

cardboarcl^ ^ / ^ a i r w a y bilí

crates packag ing p rocedures — d o c u m e n t s of t ranspor t

menus recipes

t ypes of f ood exp i ry date

dest inat ions j o b s

Trave l

place

W o r k

Pronunciat ion - d i f f i cu l t words Unde r l i ne t h e w o r d in each g r o u p w h i c h has a d i f f e r e n t v o w e l s o u n d t o t h e res t .

a clear, bread, fear, rear

b t ype , t ight , t int , t iny

c check, sa id, spread, break

d fair, fai l , main , we igh

e sure, tour, poor, loop

• CD1 T R 5 3 L is ten a n d check . • • N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e d i f f i cu l t w o r d s .

10 ¡ Global reach

10.B Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Grammar - phrasal verbs Vocabulary - t ime expressions 1 Rewr i te t h e sen tences a n d sepá ra te t h e v e r b 2 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e b o x

f r o m i ts p r e p o s i t i o n o r a d v e r b w h e r e v e r poss ib le . be low . S o m e sen tences c a n n o t be c h a n g e d .

a We sent ou t the invoice on Friday.

Ule ¿.errt - the invoice oo-t on fridai-y

b The cos t of t he t ranspor t depends on the we igh t of the package.

c I asked for s o m e more money.

d The t ranspo r t company is p ick ing up the sh ipment at 5 p.m.

e Can you fill in th is f o rm , p lease?

f I'm look ing for Mr Smi th .

g You'd bet ter look up that w o r d in the dict ionary.

h I fo rgo t to swi tch of f my computer .

i I need to r ing up my bank manager.

j We've run out of paper for the printer.

k You can coun t on Bill. He's a lways ready t o help.

I Sales are d o w n , so w e need to cut back p roduc t ion .

h o w long dur ing for up til l n o w so far

four days ' t ime in t ime on t ime

-age- s ince fo r tn igh t anniversary

Piers: Hi ! Good to see you again. When d id you

arr ive in Zu r i ch?

Mar t in :

Piers:

Mar t in :

Piers:

Piers:

Mar t in :

Ten days ago

A n d

Only

are you s tay ing?

th is t ime.

Piers: So you' re leaving in

And have you been enjoy ing yourse l f

Mar t in : Yes, l've had a

g o o d t ime.

What have you been do ing

your s tay?

Mar t in : I w a s j us t to catch

t he t rade fair last week.

That 's terr i f ic ! A n d you can c o m e to

our par ty t o m o r r o w

night. It's jus t one year

w e set up our company.

That' l l be nice. l'd love to c o m e .

What t ime?

Piers: 6 p.m. - but don ' t w o r r y if you' re a bi t

late. These th ings never s tar t

9 0 B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

3 Fil l in t h e g a p s be low. Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

N o u n s A d j e c t i v e s I n h a b i t a n t s

France French The French

Germán

Hol land

Sweden

Norweg ian

Finnish

Israel

Turkey

Lebanese

Irish

Co lombia

Denmark

Be lg ium

Greece

Japanese

D Pronunciat ion - countr ies A Put t h e c o u n t r y ñ a m e s f r o m t h e b o x b e l o w in to t h e t a b l e , a c c o r d i n g t o t h e i r s t ress p a t t e r n .

® CD1 T R 5 4 L is ten a n d check . ^ N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m .

Japan Canadá México - C h i n a - India Kuwait Z i m b a b w e Brazil

Italy Korea Swi tzer land Ukraine Austra l ia Egypt Eire

• • • • • •• ••• • •• China

B A d d t h e ñ a m e s o f t w o m o r e coun t r i es f o r each ca tego ry . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

9

10 Global reach

10.C Another form to fill in!

Grammar - countable and uncountable nouns 1 Read t h e t ex t be low . Remove t h e u n n e c e s s a r y w o r d s .

Travel today is very different to the travel ten years ago. More and more the people go some long distances to work. But the transport systems they use nowadays are better and faster than before. The most people

now have a car, and use it for a leisure. People travel further for some holidays, and spend a large part of the family budget on this. Transport has improved for the businesses too. The business people can travel to the other side of the world by the plañe in a very short t ime. And they can send some products by the freight faster than ever before.

Read t h e sen tences a n d t i ck ( • ) t h e c o r r e c t answer .

a 1 My boss is go ing to a Midd le East on bus iness next week.

2 My boss is go ing to the Midd le East on bus iness next week.

b 1 Disney Wor ld is in the USA.

2 Disney Wor ld is in USA.

c 1 We of ten go ski ing in Alps.

2 We of ten go ski ing in the Alps.

d 1 I have t ravel led t o many count r ies in Europe.

2 I have t ravel led t o many count r ies in the Europe.

e 1 Sher lock Ho lmes l ived in the Baker St.

2 Sher lock Ho lmes l ived in Baker St.

• 1 Dur ing the summer, they c l imbed the

Mont Blanc.

2 Dur ing the summer, they c l imbed Mont Blanc.

1 The Ireland has an economy wh ich is deve lop ing fast.

2 Ireland has an e c o n o m y w h i c h is deve lop ing fast.

1 Many count r ies in the wor ld speak English as a f i rst or second language.

2 Many count r ies in t he wor ld speak the English as a f i rst or second language.

1 The Spain has a lot of tour is ts .

2 Spain has a lot of tour is ts .

1 Not many Europeans learn Japanese.

2 Not many Europeans learn t he Japanese.

• • • • • •

9 2

Vocabulary - countable or uncountable 3 Wr i t e t h e n o u n s in t h e b o x in t h e c o u n t a b l e o r

u n c o u n t a b l e c o l u m n . S o m e w o r d s may g o in b o t h c o l u m n s .

progress t ranspor t f ood c r ime w o r k

j o b of f ice machine t ime money

cur rency coun t ry news hour

furn i ture repor t t echno logy adv ice

hol iday j ou rney noise water

C o u n t a b l e

crime.

U n c o u n t a b l e

e Cus toms wil l wan t t o know the

valué.

f l've j us t coun ted and there are only 15

in the package. I w a s

expec t ing 2 0 .

g Yes, w e do delivery.

Our agents br ing t he sh ipments r ight to your

of f ice.

h We received your

w e like t h e m very much .

and

du t y varies f rom coun t ry

to count ry , and can be very expens ive.

j Our t ranspor ta t ion are

cheaper than those of mos t of our compet i to rs .

k We send you a

soon as the sh ipmen t leaves us.

note as

4 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences , c h o o s i n g f r o m t h e box be low .

blank t ranspor t doo r - to -doo r cus toms

missing despatch charges samples

dec la red referen ce i tems

a The re.fe.ce.nce. number is 2 1 5 6 9 8 2 .

b Fiona, l've found the

in format ion. Do you wan t it?

c Fill in all t he boxes.

d I can' t despatch th is package - t he

d o c u m e n t s haven't been comp le ted .

Q Pronunc ia t ion-abbrev ia t ions and acronyms

A Read t h e f o l l o w i n g a b b r e v i a t i o n s a n d a c r o n y m s a l o u d .

a EU h FBI

b US i LCD

c UN j UNESCO

d WC k JFK

e FAQs 1 MBA

f W H O m AGM

g NATO n HIV

• CD1 T R 5 5 L is ten a n d check if y o u have t h e c o r r e c t p r o n u n c i a t i o n .

N o w p rac t i se say ing t h e m .

B Can y o u g u e s s w h a t each a c r o n y m s tands f o r ?

10 Global reach

Quiz - What do I know?

Start here •> W h a t w o u l d y o u s a y ?

W h a t w o u l d y o u say in t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ? If y o u can , r e c o r d y o u r a n s w e r s a n d l i s ten t o yourse l f .

Give examples of:

1 t w o countab le nouns.

2 t w o uncountab le nouns.

Explain t o a co l league abou t t w o d i f ferent del iver ies, using the passive f o rm .

Write t w o sen tences using d i f ferent countab le or uncountab le nouns.

T o t a l

P o i n t s

— 12

_I2

— I*

IA

I 12

N o w check y o u r a n s w e r s o n • p 1 5 8

If you have scored six or less, go to the B l u e run. If you have scored seven or more , go t o the B l a c k run.

h Have you received KLG promised to send?

i I can' t f ind

ca ta logue wh ich

in format ion about t he new so f tware package.

j Can you give me answer t o m o r r o w ?

2 Wr i te a pass ive sen tence r e s p o n d i n g t o t h e r emarks . Use t h e p r o m p t a n d a phrasa l v e r b in each answer .

a The cus tomers need the cata logues, ( send / them)

Pll ¿end -them oo-f imme.dia-t-e.li-y

b It's dark in here! (swi tch/ l ight )

c I haven't heard f r om Ken for a long t ime, (let's ca l l /h im)

Blue run

d Can you take me to the par ty ton igh t? (what t i m e / p i c k / y o u ? )

1 C o m p l e t e t h e g a p s us i ng a, a n , the, some o r any, o r leave a g a p if n o t h i n g is r e q u i r e d .

Sarah is a_

I like

compu te r operator.

people I wo rk w i th .

f i le on my desk. Can you There's ge t it for m e ?

personal phone calis are not a l lowed at work .

Can you give me advice abou t careers in sales and market ing?

f We have in t roduced new produc t ion system into the factory.

g Can you p ick up a f te rnoon, p lease?

sh ipment this

e I ge t to w o r k late every day. (should get /ear l ier )

f l've been s tand ing up for an hour! (sit)

g I don ' t know wha t th is w o r d means. ( look / d ic t ionary)

9 4 | B u s i n e s s U p d a t e

ío.a

3 * Black run

1 M a k e sen tences f r o m t h e w o r d l is ts be low , a d d i n g get o r p a r t o f t h e v e r b to be.

a The parce l /p icked up /cou r ie r

The, parcel ge-te picLed up bt^ a coorier.

b The cour ier / takes package / to local D H L stat ion

c The de ta i l s / t rans fe r red / rad io pr inter

d Sh ipments /g iven qual i ty check

e Sh ipmen ts / taken to Hubs

f A Hub / l i nked smal ler sor t ing s tat ions

g Informat ion abou t sh ipmen t /he ld on a c o m p u t e r / f r o m the beg inn ing

2 M a k e sen tences f r o m t h e p r o m p t s . A d d any o t h e r v o c a b u l a r y t h a t y o u need a n d pay a t t e n t i o n t o w o r d o rder .

a Yes te rday / l /ask / in fo rmat ion abou t Paris

Ye¿.-t-erdauj I a¿,Led -For in-forrnaiion aboo-t-Pafe.

b She / look /p r i ce in the cata logue/hal f an hour ago

c She / send / ca ta l ogues / ye t?

d C a n / y o u / s o r t / t h e p rob lem?

e C a n / y o u / s w i t c h / T V ?

f Why /no t / you / l ook / i n f o rma t i on / l n t e rne t?

g W e / p i c k / t h e m / a t 9 p.m.

h We / l ook /ma rke t researcher

h The local cour ie r / records t ime /da te i C a n / y o u / c a r r y / i t / u s ?

¡ The sh ipment c l ea red / th rough cus toms j Y o u / m u s t / m a k e / y o u r mind

j The documents / f i l l ed in by /c l ient

k The d imens ions of package / reco rded on f o rm

3 Transíate t h e s e sen tences i n to y o u r o w n l a n g u a g e in y o u r n o t e b o o k . Then c ióse th i s b o o k a n d t rans ía te y o u r sen tences back i n to Eng l i sh .

a I need s o m e advice.

b What 's t he n e w s ?

c There wasn ' t a lot of damage.

10 Global reach

10.D Customer relations

Reading an art ic le 1 B e f o r e y o u read t h e a r t i c le , a n s w e r t h e f o l l o w i n g

q u e s t i o n s .

a What is the group of countries known as the G8?

b What does th is g roup d o ?

c Which of the fo l low ing count r ies are not m e m b e r s of the G 8 : Uni ted States, Canadá, France, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, Russia, Japan, Germany, China?

Be it G8 or G20, activists say protests to continué

The Group of 8 rich nations may have become the Group of 20 to be more inclusive of emerging economies, but activists vow to go on decrying capitalism no matter how many leaders attend the summits.

A t its summit here in Pittsburgh, the G20 said it w i l l become the forum for global economic management, giving rising powers such as China more clout and including countries such as México, Indonesia and South Africa, who are not in the G8.

About 10,000 protesters marched against capitalism and the G20's summit agenda on Friday, in what organizers called the biggest protest in this western Pennsylvania city since Vietnam war demonstrations.

Protests - usually against some aspect of capitalism - have often marked summits since trade talles in Seattle in 1999, when demonstrators ransacked

the center of the city, targeting businesses seen as symbols of U.S. corporate power. Such summits are often held within a ring of security.

John Lipsky, the deputy managing director of the IMF, told Reuters Televisión, 'This movement to the G20 and away from the G7 is recognizing economic realities. You can't talk about the global economy without having the major dynamic emerging economies at the table.'

But the change from such summits just being for the G8 - the world's seven richest nations (the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, Canadá, France, Italy) and Russia, failed to impress protesters on Pittsburgh's streets.

'Our objective does not change whether there's 8 or 20 voices, we protest for the voices that are excluded,' said Noah Williams, spokesman for the Pittsburgh G20 Resistance Project.

S o u r c e : Egan, M ( 2 0 0 9 , September 2 5 ) . Be ¡t G8 or G20, activists say protests to continué. Reuters. Retrieved f rom www.reuters .com/ a r t ¡c le / idUSTRE58O5Z420090925

• 0 • • • •

• •

2 Read t h e t e x t aga in a n d t i ck ( • ) t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r s t o t h e f o l l o w i n g q u e s t i o n s .

a The demons t ra t ions in Seatt le we re :

1 the f i rst of its k ind

2 t he w o r s t of its k ind

3 t he last of its k ind

b The protest is against:

1 r ich count r ies

2 summi ts

3 capi ta l ism

c The G 8 has b e c o m e the G 2 0 because :

1 r is ing powers are inc luded

2 emerg ing economies are inc luded

3 bo th 1 and 2

d The G 2 0 summi t t ook place in:

1 P i t tsburgh

2 Seatt le

3 China

e Which coun t ry w a s inc luded in the G 8 ?

1 China

2 Russia

3 Méx ico

f As t he G 8 changed into the G20 , t he pro tes t movement :

1 changed its ob ject ives

2 became s t ronger

3 remained the same

Vocabulary - explanations 3 Exp la in t h e f o l l o w i n g t e r m s , g i v i n g an e x a m p l e if

necessary . Use y o u r d i c t i o n a r y if necessary .

a act iv ist

an a.ctiv/i^.-t' \¿> a perdón -taLing d i rec t and

o f t e n mili-tan-t ac-tion -to achieve an end

- tha t \£> o f t e n polrtical or social.

b rising power

• • • • • •

c an emerg ing economy

d a r ich nat ion

e a summi t

f US corpora te power

Listening - the cost of l iv ing 4 • CD1 T R 5 6 L is ten a n d n u m b e r t h e c i t ies f r o m

1 t o 10, a c c o r d i n g t o h o w expens i ve t h e y a re t o l ive in (1 b e i n g t h e m o s t expens i ve a n d 10 b e i n g t h e leas t e x p e n s i v e ) .

a Shanghai

b Paris

c Chicago

d Dubl in

e London

f Frankfur t

g Oslo

h Milán

i Tokyo

j Sydney

10

Wri t i ng 5 Wr i t e t o a G 8 c o u n t r y leader, say ing w h y y o u

t h i n k g l o b a l i z a t i o n o f t h e w o r l d e c o n o m y is a g o o d t h i n g o r a b a d t h i n g . For e x a m p l e , t h i n k a b o u t h o w w o r l d t r a d e a f f ec t s y o u r c o u n t r y o r o t h e r c o u n t r i e s t h a t y o u k n o w a b o u t . (Wr i te a b o u t 2 0 0 w o r d s . )