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GGGNNNIIIPPPSSSTTT BBBUUULLLLLLEEETTTIIINNN 22200011144425th July, 2014 Volume No.: 35 Issue No.: 04

Vision

TO REACH THE PINNACLE OF GLORY AS A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN THE FIELDOF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BY KNOWLEDGE BASED

LEARNING AND PRACTICE

Contents • Message from PRINCIPAL• Editorial board• Historical article• News Update• Knowledge based Article• Disease Related Breaking

News• Upcoming Events• Drugs Update• Campus News• Student’s Section• Editor’s Note• Archive

GNIPST Photo Gallery For your comments/contribution OR For Back-Issues, mailto:gnipstbulletin@gmail.com

GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

We b si t e : ht t p: / / gni ps t. a c. i n

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MESSAGE FROM PRINCIPAL

"It can happen. It does happen. But it can't happen if you quit." Lauren Dane.

‘We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence then is not an act, but a habit.’ Aristotle

It gives me immense pleasure to pen a few words for our e-bulletin. At the onset I would like to thank the last year’s editors and congratulate the newly selected editors for the current year.

Our first consideration is always in the best interest of the students. Our goal is to promote academic excellence and continuous improvement.

I believe that excellence in education is aided by creating a learning environment in which all learners are supported in maximizing their potential and talents. Education needs to focus on personalized learning and instruction, while promoting an education system that is impartial, universally accessible, and meeting the needs of all students.

It is of paramount importance that our learners have sufficient motivation and encouragement in order to achieve their aims. We are all very proud of you, our students, and your accomplishments and look forward to watching as you put your mark on the profession in the years ahead.

The call of the time is to progress, not merely to move ahead. Our progressive Management is looking forward and wants our Institute to flourish as a Post Graduate Institute of Excellence. Steps are taken in this direction and fruits of these efforts will be received by our students in the near future. Our Teachers are committed and dedicated for the development of the institution by imparting their knowledge and play the role of facilitator as well as role model to our students.

The Pharmacy profession is thriving with a multitude of possibilities, opportunities and positive challenges. At Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, our focus is on holistic needs of our students.

I am confident that the students of GNIPST will recognize all the possibilities, take full advantage of the opportunities and meet the challenges with purpose and determination.

Excellence in Education is not a final destination, it is a continuous walk. I welcome you to join us on this path.

My best wishes to all.

Dr. A. Sengupta

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EDITORIAL BOARD

CHIEF EDITOR DR. ABHIJIT SENGUPTA EDITOR MS. JEENATARA BEGUM ASSOCIATE EDITOR MR. DIPANJAN MANDAL

HISTORICAL ARTICLE Pharmacy in Ancient China

Chinese Pharmacy, according to legend, stems from Shen Nung (about 2000 B.C.), emperor who sought out and investigated the medicinal value of several hundred herbs. He reputed to have tested many of them on himself, and to have written the first Pen T-Sao, or native herbal, recording 365 drugs. Still worshiped by native Chinese drug guilds as their patron god, Shen Nung conceivably examined many herbs, barks, and roots brought in from the fields, swamps, and woods that are still recognized in Pharmacy today. In the background is the "Pa Kua," a mathematical design symbolizing creation and life. Medicinal plants include podophyllum, rhubarb, ginseng, stramonium, cinnamon bark, and, in the boy's hand, ma huang, or Ephedra.

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NEWS UPDATE

Brain tumor causes, risk factors elude scientists:(25th July, 2014) Today, nearly 700,000 people in the U.S. are living with a brain tumor, and yet, when it comes to pinpointing causes or risk factors, scientists are still searching for answers. "Unlike the strong correlation between smoking and lung cancer, we just haven't found a specific risk factor like that for brain tumors," said a researcher. "We have determined that ionizing radiation to the head is a risk factor when received in therapeutic doses, but even in those cases, the risk of developing a brain tumor is low."

Pesticide linked to three generations of disease: Methoxychlor causes epigenetic changes:(24th July, 2014) Researchers say ancestral exposures to the pesticide methoxychlor may lead to adult onset kidney disease, ovarian disease and obesity in future generations.

Linking microbial, immune environment in semen to HIV viral load, transmission:(24th July, 2014) HIV infection re-shapes the relationship between semen bacteria and immune factors which in turn affects viral load, suggesting that the semen microbiome plays a role in sexual transmission of HIV, researchers report. While HIV is found in many body fluids, sexual transmission through semen is the most common route of infection.

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Atomic structure of key muscle component revealed:(24th July, 2014) Adding to the growing fundamental understanding of the machinery of muscle cells, a group of biophysicists describe -- in minute detail -- how actin filaments are stabilized at one of their ends to form a basic muscle structure called the sarcomere. With the help of many other proteins, actin molecules polymerize to form filaments that give rise to structures of many different shapes. The actin filaments have a polarity, with a plus and minus end, reflecting their natural tendency to gain or lose subunits when not stabilized.

Protein couple controls flow of information into brain's memory center:(24th July, 2014) Neuroscientists have succeeded in providing new insights into how the brain works by analyzing tissue samples from mice to identify how two specific proteins, 'CKAMP44' and 'TARP Gamma-8', act upon the brain's memory center. Brain function depends on the active communication between nerve cells, known as neurons. For this purpose, neurons are woven together into a dense network where they constantly relay signals to one another.

Cancer: Treatment that prevents tumor metastasis identified in animal study:(24th July, 2014) Metastasis, the strategy adopted by tumor cells to transform into an aggressive form of cancer, are often associated with a gloomy prognosis. Managing to block the metastasis or, even better, prevent their formation would be a giant step towards the fight against cancer. Researchers successfully performed this on models of human tumors in mice.

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Metastatic brain tumor treatment could be on the horizon with use of SapC-DOPS:(24th July, 2014) A new study has provided hope that previously studied SapC-DOPS could be used for treatment of brain cancer that has spread. "These results support the potential of SapC-DOPS for the diagnosis and therapy of primary and metastatic brain tumors which is critically needed to increase survival rates of patients with this illness,” one researcher said.

Mechanism that clears excess of protein linked with Type 2 diabetes:(24th July, 2014) In people who do not have Type 2 diabetes, autophagy prevents the accumulation of toxic forms of IAPP, researchers have found. In people with Type 2 diabetes, the process appears to not work properly, contributing to the destruction of beta cells. As the body's insulin producers, beta cells play a key role in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels.

Natural products from plants protect skin during cancer radiotherapy:(24th July, 2014) Plant-derived natural product chemicals could offer protection to the skin from the harmful effects of gamma radiation during cancer radiotherapy, suggests research.

Newly discovered gut virus lives in half the world's population:(24th July, 2014) There's a virus living inside your gut that has gone undetected by scientists for decades. A new study has found that more than half the world's population is host to a newly described virus, named crAssphage, which infects one of the most common gut bacterial species, Bacteroides. This bacterium thought to be connected with obesity, diabetes and other gut-related diseases.

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Paracetamol no better than placebo for lower back pain:(24th July, 2014) Paracetamol is no better than placebo at speeding recovery from acute episodes of lower back pain or improving pain levels, function, sleep, or quality of life, according to the first large randomized trial to compare the effectiveness of paracetamol with placebo for low-back pain. The findings question the universal endorsement of paracetamol as the first choice painkiller for low-back pain, say the authors.

New drugs to combat asthma, similar illnesses:(24th July, 2014) Science and industry are collaborating to develop future pharmaceuticals for treating chronic inflammatory diseases. The medicines will combat immunological processes that have gone wrong. Statistics indicate that there are 300 million asthma sufferers worldwide, a further 600 million people living with chronic pneumonia and up to 30% of the global population contending with allergic rhinitis (allergic inflammation of the nasal airways). For detail mail to editor

KNOWLEDGE BASED ARTICLE

NATURALLY OCCURING DIRECTLY

COMPRESSIBLE EXCIPIENTS

Direct compression is the simplest and most economical method for the manufacturing of tablets because it requires less processing than other techniques. Compressibility is required for satisfactory tableting, i.e., the mass must remain in compact form once

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compression force is removed. Few excipients can be compressed directly without elastic recovery.

FEW EXAMPLES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DIRECTLY

COMPRESSIBLE EXCIPIENTS:

Soy polysaccharide:

Soy polysaccharide is a natural superdisintegrant it does not contain any starch or sugar so can be used in nutritional products. Soy polysaccharide is a group of high molecular weight polysaccharides obtained from soybean. Recently it is used as a disintegrating agent in tablets made by direct compression using lactose and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate as fillers. Sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose and corn starch were used as control disintegrants. Soy polysaccharide performs well as a disintegrant in direct compression formulations in comparison to cross-linked CMC.

Chitin and chitosan:

A natural polysaccharide Chitin is obtained from crab and shrimp shells. Chitosan is commercially produced by deacetylation of chitin, which is the structural element in the exoskeleton such as crabs, shrimp and cell walls of fungi. When chitin was included in the conventional tablets, the tablets disintegrated with in 5 and 10 minutes irrespective of solubility of the drug.

Mango peel pectin:

Mango peel is a good source for the extraction of pectin of good quality, suitable for the preparation of acceptable jelly. Mango peel contains 20–25% of the mango processing waste. Pectin is a complex hetro-polysacharides which is a hydrophilic colloid. Mango peel pectin stand as a good candidate as superdisintegrant

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though, not as good as synthetic superdisintegrant but it may be used in the formulation of fast dispersible tablets, due to its good solubility and higher swelling index.

Agar and treated agar:

It is a dried gelatinous substance obtained from Gelidium amansii belonging to family Gelidanceae and also from several other species of red algae like Gracilaria ( Gracilariaceae) and Pterocadia (Gelidaceae). It is yellowish gray or white to nearly colorless, odorless with mucilaginous taste and is occurs as strips, sheet flakes or coarse powder. It consists of two polysaccharides i.e., agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is responsible for gel strength and agaropectin is responsible for the viscosity of its solutions. Due to its high gel strength it is a potential candidate as a disintegrant.

Guar gum:

It is obtained from the endosperm of the seed of the guar plant, Cyamopsis tetragonaloba (L) Taub. (syn. Cyamopsis psoraloides), it consist of the high molecular weight (approximately 50,000-8,000,000) polysaccharides composed of galactomannans and used as thickener, stabilizer and emulsifier, and approved in most areas of the world (e.g. EU, USA, Japan, and Australia. It is naturally occurring gum (marketed under the trade name jaguar). Physically it is free flowing, completely soluble, neutral polymer composed of sugar units and is approved for use in food. Chemically it is not sensitive to pH, moisture contents or solubility of the tablet matrix. It is not always pure white and sometimes varies in color from off-white to tan tends to discolor with time in alkaline tablets.

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Gellan gum

Gellan gum is a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from a bacterium i.e., Pseudomonas elodea. It is a deacetylated exocellular polysaccharide gum, anionic, high molecular weight produced by the fermentation of pure culture of Pseudomonas elodea. Gallan gum used as disintegrant and its efficiency is better than the other conventional disintegrants such as dried corn starch, explotab, avicel (pH 10.2), Ac-di-sol. and Kollidon CL.

Plantago ovata seed mucilage:

Several researches shown that the mucilage of Plantago ovata seed is used as the natural superdisintegrant and binding agent in tablets which are prepared by direct compression technique. Some time it showed the sustaining properties.

Lepidium sativum mucilage:

It is used as natural excipients due to following various characteristic like disintegrating, binding and gelling etc.

Gum Karaya:

Gum karaya is a vegetable gum produced as exudates of the genus Sterculia. Due to its high viscosity nature of gum it is used as binder and disintegrant in tablet formulation. Various researches showed that modified gum act as superdistengrant in tablet. Gum karaya have good biocompatibility, easy availability and low cost, therefore, it is used as an alternative of synthetic and semi-synthetic superdisintegrant.

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DISEASE RELATED BREAKING NEWS Ebola virus disease, West Africa(24th July,

2014) WHO continues to monitor the evolution of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea. Between 18 – 20 July 2014, 45 new cases and 28 deaths were reported from Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. These include suspect, probable, and laboratory-confirmed cases. The respective Ministries of Health continue to work with WHO and its partners to implement outbreak containment measures. As of 20 July 2014, the cumulative number of cases attributed to EVD in the three countries stands at 1 093, including 660 deaths. The distribution and classification of the cases are as follows: Guinea, 415 cases (304 confirmed, 98 probable, and 13 suspected) and 314 deaths (204 confirmed, 98 probable, and 12 suspected); Liberia, 224 cases (77 confirmed, 68 probable, and 79 suspected) and 127 deaths (56 confirmed, 44 probable, and 27 suspected); and Sierra Leone, 454 cases (405 confirmed, 35 probable, and 14 suspected) and 219 deaths (182 confirmed, 32 probable, and 5 suspected).Read more

UPCOMING EVENTS 5th International Conference on Stem Cells and Cancer 2014, JNU Convention Centre, New Delhi, India from 8-10 November.2014

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DRUGS UPDATES

FDA Approves Zydelig: (23rd July, 2014)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Zydelig (idelalisib) tablets for the treatment of three B-cell blood cancers: relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in combination with rituximab, relapsed follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (FL), and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).Read more

CAMPUS NEWS

We congratulate the following M.Pharm. final year students who have made their positions in different pharmaceutical companies.

Anirban Banerjee (Emami Ltd.)

Mahender Roy (Stadmed private Ltd.)

We congratulate the following B.Pharm. final year students for their success.

Samadrita Mukherjee (Abbott India Ltd.)

Suman Sarkar (Tata Medical Centre-Apollo Pharmacy)

Satarupa Bhattacharya (admission in M.Pharm, Pharmaceutics, Jadavpur University)

Sandipan Sarkar (admission in M.Pharm, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune)

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The following B.Pharm. final year students have qualified, GPAT-2014. We congratulate them all.

Utsha Singha

Satarupa Bhattacharya

Sandipan Sarkar

Purbali Chakraborty

Reminiscence, 2014(GNIPST Reunion) was held in College campus on 2nd February,2014.

1st Annual Sports of GNIPST was held on 3rd February,2014 in College campus ground.

An industrial tour and biodiversity tour was conducted in Sikkim for B.Pharm and B.Sc. students under the supervision of Mr. Asis Bala, Ms. Jeentara Begum and Ms. Moumita Chowdhury.

B.Pharm 3rd year won the GNIPST Football Champions trophy, 2013. B.Pharm 3rd year won the final match 1-0 against B.Pharm 2nd year. Deep Chakraborty was the only scorer of the final.

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STUDENTS’ SECTION WHO CAN ANSWER FIRST????

Becquerel prize is awarded in which field?

In 1903 who won the nobel prize in physics?

Answer of Previous Issue’s Questions: A) Malyasia airlines B) Rubric

Identify the person

Answer of Previous Issue’s Image: G. Haberlandt, the father of plant tissue culture.

Send your thoughts/ Quiz/Puzzles/games/write-ups or any other contributions for Students’ Section& answers of this Section at gnipstbulletin@gmail.com

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EDITOR’S NOTE

It is a great pleasure for me to publish the 4th issue of 35th Volume of GNIPST BULLETIN. All the followers of GNIPST BULLETIN are able to avail the bulletin through facebook account ‘GNIPST bulletin’ I am very much thankful to all the GNIPST members and readers who are giving their valuable comments, encouragements and supports. I am also thankful to Dr. Abhijit Sengupta, Director of GNIPST for his valuable advice and encouragement. Special thanks to Dr. Prerona Saha, Mr. Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar and Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya for their kind co-operation and technical supports. Thank you Mr. Soumya Bhattacharya for the questionnaires of the student section. An important part of the improvement of the bulletin is the contribution of the readers. You are invited to send in your write ups, notes, critiques or any kind of contribution for the forthcoming special and regular issue.

ARCHIVE

Students of GNIPST organized pre puja celebration programme, ‘Saaranya’ on 7th October, 2013 in college Auditorium.

GNIPST organized a garment distribution programme on 28th September, 2013 at Dakshineswar Kali Temple and Adyapith, Kolkata. On this remarkable event about hundred people have received garments. More than hundred students and most of the faculties participated on that day with lot of enthusiasm.

GNIPST celebrated World Heart Day (29th September) and Pharmacist’s Day (25th September) on 25th and 26th

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September, 2013 in GNIPST Auditorium. A seminar on ‘Violence against woman’ and ‘female foeticide’ was held on GNIPST Auditorium on 25th September organized by JABALA Action Research Organization. On 26th September an intra-college Oral and Poster presentation competition related to World Pharmacist’s day and Heart day was held in GNIPST. Ms. Purbali Chakraborty of B.Pharm 4th year won the first prize in Oral Presentation. The winner of Poster presentation was the group of Ms. Utsa Sinha, Mr. Koushik Saha and Mr. Niladri Banerjee (B.Pharm 4th year). A good number of students have participated in both the competition with their valuable views.

Teacher’s day was celebrated on 5th September, 2013 by the students of GNIPST in GNIPST Auditorium.

Azalea (exotic flower ) , the fresher welcome programme for newcomers of GNIPST in the session 2013-14 was held on 8th August in GNIPST Auditorium.

One day seminar cum teachers’ development programme for school teachers on the theme of “Recent Trends of Life Sciences in Higher Education” organized by GNIPST held on 29th June, 2013 at GNIPST auditorium. The programme was inaugurated by Prof . Asit Guha, Director of JIS Group, Mr. U.S. Mukherjee, Dy Director of JIS Group and Dr. Abhijit Sengupta, Director cum Principal of GNIPST with lamp lighting. The programme started with an opening song performed by the B.Pharm students of this institute. The seminar consists of a series of lectures, video presentations and poster session. On the pre lunch session 4 lectures were given

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by Dr. Lopamudra Dutta, Mr. Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar, Ms. Swati Nandy and Ms. Tamalika Chakraborty respectively. On their presentation the speakers enlighten the recent development of Pharmacy, Genetics and Microbiology and their correlation with Life Sciences. On the post lunch session, Ms. Saini Setua and Ms. Sanchari Bhattacharjee explained the recent development and career opportunities in Biotechnology and Hospital Management. The programme was concluded with valedictory session and certificate distribution. About 50 Higher secondary school teachers from different schools of Kolkata and North& South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal participated in this programme. A good interactive session between participants and speakers was observed in the seminar. The seminar was a great success with the effort of faculties, staffs and students of our Institute. It was a unique discussion platform for school teachers and professional of the emerging and newer branches of Life Science.

The general body meeting of APTI, Bengal Branch has been conducted at GNIPST on 15th June, 2012. The program started with a nice presentation by Dr. Pulok Kr. Mukherjee, School of Natural Products, JU on the skill to write a good manuscript for publication in impact journals. It was followed by nearly two hour long discussion among more than thirty participants on different aspects of pharmacy education. Five nonmember participants applied for membership on that very day.

GNIPST is now approved by AICTE and affiliated to WBUT for conducting the two years’ post graduate course (M.Pharm) in PHARMACOLOGY. The approved number of seat is 18.

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The number of seats in B.Pharm. has been increased from 60 to 120.

AICTE has sanctioned a release of grant under Research Promotion Scheme (RPS) during the financial year 2012-13to GNIPST as per the details below: a. Beneficiary Institution: Guru Nanak Institution of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology. b. Principal Investigator: Dr. LopamudraDutta.

c. Grant-in-aid sanctioned:Rs. 16,25000/- only d. Approved duration: 3 years

e. Title of the project: Screening and identification of potential medicinal plant of Purulia & Bankura districts of West Bengal with respect to diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, Jaundice, hypertension and developing biotechnological tools for enhancing bioactive molecules in these plants.

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