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Thank You
Go Green Indonesia ! MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION
[email protected] www.ebtke.esdm.go.id
Jl. Pegangsaan Timur No. 1A, Cikini, Jakarta 10320
Tel. (021) 39830077
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF NEW, RENEWABLE ENRGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION
DIRECTORATE OF VARIOUS NEW ENERGY AND RENEWABLE ENERGY Jakarta, 2013
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Solar Energy is the energy
gained by converting solar
thermal energy through certain
equipment to be a resource in
another form.
Solar energy is energy derived
from the sun. This energy is
constantly available as the main
energy source for life on earth.
http://ditohy.blogspot.com
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
The sun is a remarkable source of
energy. Sunlight contains so much
energy. At midday, the solar energy
reaches the Earth's surface with a
peak energy value of one kilowatt
(1kW) per square meter per hour. If
all the energy can be
accommodated, it will be able to
provide all electrical power needs in
every country on this earth.
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Solar radiation data collected from various
locations in Indonesia shows that solar energy
resources in Indonesia can be grouped by
regions, namely the western region and the
eastern region of Indonesia. Indonesian solar
energy resources by region is as the follows :
Western region of Indonesia = 4.5
kWh/m2.day, monthly variation around 10%
Eastern region of Indonesia = 5.1
kWh/m2.day, monthly variation around 9%
Average of Indonesia = 4.8 kWh/m2.day,
monthly variation around 9%
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Solar energy potentials in Indonesia are
around 4,8 Kilo Watt hour/square meter
(KWh/m²) or equivalent to 112 thousand Giga
Watt peak (GWp). However, current utilized
solar energy is only around 10 Mega Watt peak
(MWp). This means that the amount of solar
energy potentials that has been utilized is not
even close to 1%.
Current utilization of solar energy in Indonesia
is still very low, which is around 8 MW, and this
utilization is in the form of Solar Home System
(SHS) for electricity supply in rural areas.
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
For Indonesia, the effort to use solar energy brings
many benefits, including:
In Indonesia, this energy is available in large
quantities.
It strongly supports the national energy policy on
energy saving, diversification and equity.
It allows the energy to be used in remote areas as
it does not require energy transmission or energy
source transport.
Solar energy can be utilized for turning on
calculators, water heaters, cars, cookers and so
forth.
Use of solar energy in a
sailing boat
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
With the application of technology,
solar energy can be used to
produce energy in the form of
electricity or thermal energy (heat)
Human efforts to utilize solar
energy continue to be developed.
Among them is the utilization of
solar energy to produce electrical
energy as an alternative energy
source to replace fuel oil.
http://www.indoenergi.com
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
The use of solar energy can be used as an alternative in
cooking where it can be a
substitute for kerosene or gas, considering that the
prices of kerosene and gas continue to rise.
Solar thermal cooling system:
air conditioner that uses solar
thermal energy.
http://ditohy.blogspot.com
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat 10
Regulation Description
1. Law No. 30/2007 on Energy Provision and utilization of new & renewable energy should be increased by the government and local government in accordance to their authorities.
Provision and utilization of new renewable energy can get incentives from
government/local government for certain period until it reaches economical development stage.
2. Law No. 30/2009 on Electricity Putting priority to utilize locally available energy resources for electricity generation
Process of procurement is implemented through direct selection (without tender)
3. Law No. 27/2003 on Geothermal To regulate the management and development of geothermal energy sources for direct and indirect utilization
According to Ministerial Regulation, the highest benchmark of electricity purchasing price from geothermal power plant is set to be US$ 9,70 cent/kWh.
4. Ministerial Regulation No. 31/2009 on Small and Medium Scale Power Generation using
Renewable Energy
State owned company (PT. PLN) has the obligation to purchase electricity from small-medium scale RE power plant which is developed by cooperatives, community or business entities; (Capacity : ≤ 10 MW)
Price : Rp. 656/kWh x f, if connected to medium voltage
Rp. 1,004/kWh x f, if connected to low voltage; f = 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5
PT. PLN is allowed to purchase electricity higher than the above mentioned price based on PLN’s Own Estimation (OE) price and has to be approved by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources
5. Minister of Finance Regulation No. 21/PMK.011/2010 and 24/PMK.011/2010 on Renewable Energy Incentives
Tax facility for renewable energy in the form of Income Tax, VAT, Import Duty and Tax Holiday, Tax Exemption etc.
6 Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No.17 / 2013
About Power Purchase By State Electricity Company (Limited) of Photovoltaic Solar Power plant
NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
National Energy
Conservation Master Plan
(RIKEN)
Master Plan for
National Energy Diversification
(RIDEN)
Conventional
Energy Master Plan / Fossils
SECTORAL ENERGY POLICY
Energy Policy of Household Sector
Energy Policy of Commercial Buildings
Sector
Energy Policy of Transportation Sector
Energy Policy of Industrial Sector
CLUSTERAL ENERGY POLICY*)
New Energy
Energy Policy of Nuclear Cluster
Energy Policy of Geothermal Cluster
Renewable Energy
Energy Policy of CBM Cluster
Energy Policy of Gasified Coal Cluster
Energy Policy of Liquefied Coal Cluster
Energy Policy of Hydrogen Cluster
Energy Policy of Hydro Cluster
Energy Policy of Bioenergy Cluster
Energy Policy of Solar Energy Cluster
Energy Policy of Wind Energy Cluster
Energy Policy of Ocean Cluster
Energy Policy of Oil Cluster
Energy Policy of Gas Cluster
Energy Policy of Coal Cluster
Vision
New
Renewable
Energy
25/25
*) Cluster in accordance with Law 30/2007 on Energy
Non Renewable Energy
de
mand
sid
e
sup
ply
sid
e
Solar Energy
Position based
on Energy
Cluster based
on Law 30/2007
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
CLUSTERING OF NEW ENERGY (G) AND RENEWABLE ENERGY(T)
New Energy “Community” (KEB) Renewable Energy “Community” (KET)
METI ?
NRE
Core Business Forum
NRE
Supporting Business
Forum
NRE
Profession Association
Forum
NRE
Users Association Forum
Upstream
Downstream
Service
Fabrication
Technical Matters
Users
Core
Business
Supporting
Business
Technical Process
Technology
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
SOLAR ENERGY CLUSTERING
Not yet available
EPC, distributor, integrator, importer available
Solar cell fabrication is not yet available (only pv module assembling/encapsulation) *)
Not yet available
Not established (establishment of Ikatan Ahli Teknik Energi Surya Indonesia is on progress)
*) Fabrications for battery, controller and cable are available locally
Upstream
Downstream
Service
Fabrication
Technical Matters
Users
Core
Business
Supporting
Business
Technical Process
Technology
NRE
Core Business Forum
NRE
Supporting Business
Forum
NRE
Profession Association
Forum
NRE
Users Association Forum
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
• The Indonesian history of solar energy utilization with the
photovoltaic technology has been introduced and developed
since the end of 1970s, especially to meet the electricity demand
in rural or remote area
• Urban PV program has been launched by the Minister of Energy
and Mineral Resources on 28th August 2003 and attended by the
Minister of Environment and Minister of Research and
Technology
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
ANNUAL EXPOSURE TO SOLAR RADIATION
*) Source : NASA/SSE, 2005
Indonesia = average 4.8
kWh/m2/day
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Rural PV: increasing rural community accessibility to electricity;
targeting electricity demand in remote areas
2. Urban PV: targeting middle and high class households, real
estates, office and commercial buildings, hotels and resorts,
industries and others
PROGRAM
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. To increase community accessibility to electricity, and is
directed to accelerate the rural electrification ratio in order to
achieve the ratio of 95% in 2025
2. As a prime mover in rural community economic development in
a sustainable path
RURAL PV OBJECTIVES AND SCHEMES
1. Communal PV system (Solar Home System) for a scattered
household location
2. Centralized PV system, targeted to a more dense location
Objectives:
Schemes:
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. To help the user/consumer to provide electricity on their own
and to decrease the dependency of electricity supply from PLN,
especially during the peak load
2. To introduce the utilization of renewable alternative energy,
which is clean and environmental-friendly
URBAN PV OBJECTIVES AND OPTIONS
Objectives:
1. Off-grid: disconnected from PLN grid
2. On-grid: connected to the PLN grid
Options:
PLN : Electricity State Owned Company
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
NO NON FOSSIL ENERGY RESOURCES
(SD)
INSTALLED
CAPACITY (KT)
RATIO KT/SD (%)
1 2 3 4 5 = 4/3
1 Hydro 75,670 MW 5,705.29 MW 7.54
2 Geothermal 28,543 MW 1,189 MW 4.17
3 Mini/Micro Hydro 769.69 MW 217.89 MW 28.31
4 Biomass 49,810 MW 1,618.40 MW 3.25
5 Solar Energy 4.80 kWh/m2/day 13.5 MW -
6 Wind Energy 3 – 6 m/s 1.87 MW -
7 Uranium 3.000 MW
(e.q. 24,112 ton) for 11 years*) 30 MW 1.00
*) only in Kalan – West Kalimantan
ENERGY RESERVES AND PRODUCTION
NO FOSSIL ENERGY RESOURCES
(SD)
RESERVES
(CAD)
RATIO SD/CAD
(%)
PRODUCTION
(PROD)
RASIO CAD/PROD (YEAR)*)
1 2 3 4 5 = 4/3 6 7 = 4/6
1 Oil (billion barrel) 56.6 7.99 **) 14 0.346 23
2 Gas (TSCF) 334.5 159.64 51 2.9 55
3 Coal (billion ton) 104.8 20.98 18 0.254 83
4 Coal Bed Methane/CBM (TSCF) 453 - - - -
*) assumed no new reserves are found ; **) include Cepu blocks
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Additional Capacity (MW)
10 65 115 115 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
Cumulative Installed Capacity (MW)
39 104 219 334 384 434 484 534 584 634 684 734 784 834
GWh
135,60
363,36
766
,32
1.169
,28
1.344
,48
1.519,6
8
1.69
4,8
8
1.870
,08
2.04
5,28
2.220,4
8
2.395,6
8
2.570,8
8
2.746
,08
2.921,28
Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (TOE)
0,01 0,03 0,07 0,10 0,12 0,13 0,15 0,16 0,18 0,19 0,21 0,22 0,24 0,25
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Unit 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
MW 30 50 60 70 70 75 75 80 80
Development of Solar PV
by The Electricity State Own Company (PLN)
Solar Energy Resource : 1200 GW
Development of Solar PV
by Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
2012 : 195 units (each unit 15 kW) and 3 units (each unit 1 MW)
2013 : 13 units, the capacity of each unit 1 MW
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Upstream (utilizing energy sources) Downstream (Energy Conversion)
PRIMARY INDUSTRIES END UTILIZATION
Results
NATURAL RESOURCES
SOLAR
POWER
PLANTS
On Grid
(PLN)
SOLAR
ENERGY
ENERGY PRODUCTS
SWH, Dryer,
Solar Cooker
Off Grid Survey
(light and
radiation intensities)
Solar
Energy
Resources
Commercial
Industries
Transportation
Households
Power
Non
Power
Collector
-PV Module
-Concentrating
Solar Power
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
INSTITUTION UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM
INSTITUTIONAL RELATION IN SOLAR ENERGY EXPLOITATION
•Government Assistance requires a managing institution established and appointed by the Local Government, which functions include conducting exploitation in order to maintain the sustainability of power plants’ operations.
LOCAL
GOVERNME
NTS
INVESTMENT COORDINATING
BOARD (BKPM)
National
Electricity
Company
(PLN)
•Generation
•Transmission/
Distribution
•Operation and
Maintenance
•Soalr Energy Policies
MINISTRY OF
ENERGY AND MINERAL
RESOURCES
•Location permit
•Environmental Impact Analysis (AMDAL) /
Environmental Management Effort (UKL) –
Environmental Monitoring Effort (UPL)
•Building Construction Permit (IMB) for Power Plants
•Establishment of Managing Institutions
•Investment Permit
•Tender process (large scale)
•Bidding Document Evaluation (small scale
and medium scale)
•PPA
•Electric Business
License for Public
Purposes (IUKU)
•Commissioning
MINISTRY OF
INDUSTRIES
MINISTRY OF
TRADE
POWER NON-POWER
•Solar energy
equipment
production license
•Solar energy
equipment trading
license
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Solar PV initial investment is still high, therefore cannot compete with conventional power
generation (fossil fueled power generation);
2. Solar PV system efficiency is relatively low;
3. Lack of community awareness to utilize “green energy”;
4. Users attitude; users who received the subsidized solar PV from Government have no
responsibility to maintain the equipment (no sense of belonging);
5. Photovoltaic technology is not yet implemented in industrial scale;
6. The are not enough well managed community institutions to manage the installed PV system
in a sustainable way
7. No policy harmonization among the policy makers to integrate the management of solar PV
implementation;
8. Lack of education/socialization of solar PV application to the community;
OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
• Satisfactory business environment needed for success
implementation in a market development project
• Project design should focus as much on profitability as on
affordability
• Support to financial institution necessary to increase their
knowledge of the market
• Household and institutional market segments should be
targeted flexibly
• Availability of highly-subsidized systems can undercut market
development projects
• Socio-economic survey should be done to assess development
impact
LESSON LEARNED
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
CONCLUSIONS
Solar energy need to be approached in an integral way as a
sustainable activity.
Indonesian government has designated the development of solar
energy to fulfill energy needs for areas in Eastern part of Indonesia.
The potential of Indonesia’s solar energy areas in Eastern Part of
Indonesia have not yet been mapped, therefore, Korean Investors
wishing to participate in developing solar energy in Indonesia can
help provide the study of areas suitable for development of solar
energy.
The study can help Indonesian government in formulating the policy
and implementing the programs as well as attracting investors in the
future green energy projects.
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012 A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL
UNITS
1 WEST
SUMATERA 1 Sijunjung Sumpur Kudus
Sisawah Jorong
Simawik 1
5 2 Solok Payung Sekaki Kipek Aie Luo 1
3 Pasaman Mapat Tunggul Sungai Belut 1
4 Pasaman Barat Sungai Beremas Pulau Panjang (2
unit) 2
2 RIAU 1 Kepulauan Seribu Pulau Merbau Tanjung Bunga 1
6
2 Kepulauan Seribu Merbau Tanjung Kulim 1
3 Rokan Hulu Rambah Hilir Serombou Indah 1
4 Indragiri Hilir Mandah Bolak Raya 1
5 Kuantan Singingi Pangean Pulau Deras 1
6 Bengkalis Rupat Dusun Teluk 1
3 JAMBI 1 Tanjung Jabung Timur Sadu
Sungai Itik (p.
Berhala) 1
4 2 Bungo Lembur Lubuk
Mengkuang Rantau Tipu 1
3 Sarolangun Pelawan Pematang Kolin 1
4 Batanghari Maro Sebo Ulu Batu Sawar 1
4 SOUTH
SUMATERA 1
Banyuasin
Banyuasin I Air Kumbang Bakti 2
7
2 Muara Sugihan Gilirang 2
3 Sidomakmur 1
4 Ogan Komering Ilir Kandis Lubuk Segonang 2
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012
A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants (continued)
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL UNITS
5 BENGKULU 1 Seluma North Seluma Sinar Pagi 1
5
2 Kaur Nasal Bangun Mufakat
(Batu Lungun) 1
3 Kaur Nasal Batu Lungun (Bangun
bersama) 1
4 Kaur Nasal Air Palawan 1
5 Kaur Maje Sinar Mulya 1
6 BANGKA
BELITUNG 1 Bangka Selatan Lepar Pongok
Penutuk (Pulau
Panjang) 1
5 2 Bangka Selatan Lepar Pongok Penutuk (Tinggi) 1
3 Bangka Barat Simpang Teritip Berang 1
4 Belitung Timur Dendang Nyuruk(Tungkup) 1
5 Bangka Barat Simpang Teritip Ibul 1
7 WEST JAVA 1
Cianjur Naringgul
Wanasari 1
6
2 Cinerang 1
3 Cijati Sukaluyu 1
8 SPECIAL
CAPITAL
REGION OF
JAKARTA 1
Kepulauan Seribu P. Sabira 1
9 BANTEN 1 Serang Pulo Ampel Pulo Panjang 2
10 CENTRAL JAVA 1 Banyumas Sumpiuh Banjarpanepen 1
5
2 Banjarnegara Kalibening Kalisat Kidul 1
3 Blora Kradenan Ngeblak 1
11 SPECIAL
REGION OF
YOGYAKARTA
1 Gunung Kidul Gedangsari Sampang
(Sidomulyo) 1
2 Tegalrejo (ketelo) 1
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL
UNITS
12 EAST JAVA 1 Sumenep Giligenting Banmaling 1
9
2 Jombang Plandan Klitih (Rapahombo) 1
3 Bojonegoro Bubulan Clebung (Maor) 1
13 BALI 1 Karangasem Abang Data 1
2 Bangli Kintamani Songan B 1
3 Bangli Kintamani
Songan A 2
4 Yeh Mampeh 1
5 Klungkung Nusa Penida Sekar Taji 1
14 WEST NUSA
TENGGARA 1 Lombok Timur Jerowaru
Pandan Wangi (Montong
Tinggi) 1
5 2 Sumbawa Tarano Mata (Maci) 1
3 Lombok Barat Sekotong Pelangan (Pengendan) 1
4 Lombok Tengah Praya Barat Daya Batu Jangkih (Semper) 1
5 Bima Wawo Riamau (Kalate) 1
15 EAST NUSA
TENGGARA
1 Timor Tengah Selatan Nunkolo Hoeneno 1
5
2 Rote Ndao Rote Ndao Barat Lidor 1
3 Belu Io Kufeu Ikan Tuan Beis 1
4 Belu Lasiolat Fatulotu 1
5 Belu Malaka Tengah Barene 1
16 WEST
KALIMANTAN 1 Ketapang Simpang Hulu Kualan Hulu (Botong Kanan) 1
4 2 Sanggau 1
3 Landak Kuala Behe Sehe Lusur (Manggam Bati) 1
4 Kapuas Hulu Mika Penyeluang (Penyeluang) 1
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012
A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants (continued)
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL UNITS
17 CENTRAL
KALIMANTAN 1 Katingan
Sanaman
Mantikei Tumbang Kanei 1
6
2 Lamandau Bulik Timur Sepondam 1
3 Murung Raya Laung Tuhup Beras Balange 1
4 Seruyan Batu Ampar Kalang 1
5 Barito Timur Awang Pianggu 1
6 Barito Utara Gunung Purei Lampeong I 1
18 CENTRAL
SULAWESI
1 Sigi Lindu Tomado (Sangali) 1
4
2 Donggala Balesang Tanjung Pomolulu 1
3 Toli - Toli Lampasio Ogomatang
(Salusu Pande) 1
4 Parigi Moutong Tomini Ogotumubu 1
19 SOUTHEAST
SULAWESI 1 Kolaka Utara Tolala Bahari 1
7
2 Buton Batuatas Tolando Jaya 2
3 Kolaka Tinondo Ameroro 2
4 Bombana Lantari Jaya Tinabete 1
5 Bau – Bau 1
20 GORONTALO 1 Gorontalo Tolangohula Bina Jaya 1
4 2 Bone Bolango Bone Pantai Pelita Hijau 1
3 Pohuwato Buntulia Hulawa 1
4 Gorontalo Utara Hulawa Sumalata 1
21 WEST
SULAWESI
1 Majene Ulumanda Kabiaran 1
5
2 MamujuUtara Pedongga Mertasari 1
3 Majene Malunda Lombang 1
4 Mamuju Utara Dapurang Bolu Bunggu 1
5 Mamasa Aralle Rallenak Utara 1
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012 A. 15 KW
Centralized Solar Power Plants (continued)
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL
UNITS
22 MALUKU 1 Maluku Barat Daya Wetar Eray 1
6
2 Maluku Tenggara Selaru Eliasa 1
3
Maluku Tenggara Barat
Selaru Werain 1
4 Wermatikan Kamatubun (Werlumdity) 1
5 Wuarlabobar
Watmasa (Telnemen) 1
6 Wunlah 1
23 NORTH
MALUKU
1 Halmahera Tengah Weda Utara UPT Waleh SP 2 1
4
2 Kepulauan Sula Taliabu Barat Pancoran 1
3 Halmahera Timur Maba Utara Jara - Jara 1
4 Halmahera Utara Kepulauan
Loloda Tobo - tobo 1
24 WEST PAPUA 1 Sorong Klawak Wilti 1
8
2 Kota Sorong Kota Sorong Pulau Soop 1
3 Manokwari Tanah Rubuh Warmarway 1
4 Kaimana Teluk Arguni 1
5
Sorong Selatan
Saifi Sayal 1
6 Kais Mogatemin (Hore- hore) 1
7 Moswaren Johsiro 1
8 Sawiat Alma 1
26 PAPUA 1 Keerom Arso Timur 1
7
2 Web 1
3 Senggi 1
4
Yalimo
Elelim Elelim 1
5 Abenaho Landikma 1
6 Apalapsili Apalapsili 1
7 Peg. Bintang Okhika 1
TOTAL 117
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012
A. 15 KW Centralized Solar Power Plants (continued)
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Development of Centralized Solar Power Plants in 2012
B. 1 MW Interconnection Centralized Solar Power Plants
NO PROVINCE NO DISTRICT SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE UNIT TOTAL
UNITS
1 BALI 1 Karangasem
Kubu 1 2
2 Bangli Kintamani 1
2 WEST NUSA
TENGGARA 1 Sumbawa Labangka 1 1
TOTAL 3