brunei e services workshop

DPADM/UNDESA PresentationGovernment of Brunei

Darussalam

Richard KerbySenior Inter-Regional AdviserE-Government and Knowledge

[email protected]

E-Government Services

http://www.UNPAN.org/DPADM/ 2

E-Government Services1. Overview of e-Government Services2. Top e-government Applications

E-Government E-Health E-Education

3. EU Country Studies – e-signatures Lithuania Luxembourg Slovak

4. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)5. M-Government6. Cloud Computing7. Open Government Data8. Security9. Way Forward


1. Overview of e-Government Services

E-Government primarily consists of two parts: front-office and back-office. The front office part is comprised of online service delivery to citizens and businesses, through the Internet or other digital means. The back-office part is comprised of internal government administration and information sharing in the form of services both within and between governments. In this briefing note, Government-to-Citizens (G2C) and Government-to-Business (G2B) services are categorized as front-office, and Government-to-Government (G2G) as back-office.*

* ESCAP Briefing Note 3



G2C services include information dissemination and basic citizen services. Electronic G2C services are characterized by a government-wide information sharing system and new Internet based applications. These allow citizens to access information and other services using a single-window online portal. Such a portal can provide the following citizen services:

• Processing and issuance of various permits/authorizations and certificates

• Information on legislative/administrative notices and relevant laws• Payment services, including tax refunds and social welfare

payments• Government administration participation, including requesting

public hearings and casting electronic votes.*




Electronic G2B service delivery consists of a one-stop single-window service for businesses. The services covered include corporate civil administrative affairs, industrial information, and electronic transaction services. A few examples of these electronic transaction services are procurements, bids and awards, along with payment services for various taxes and public charges. • An integrated e-procurement system – i.e. a single-window

government procurement system in which all procurements-related processes such as registration, tender, contract, and payment are done via the Internet

• An e-customs system that would streamline customs administration in the import and export industry while establishing effective smuggling interdiction

• e-Commerce to support the buying and selling of goods and services*




The ‘business case’ for Fibre-to-the-Home (FttH) networks is no longer based solely on the commercial returns from Internet access and other communication services. It also incorporates the social and economic benefits provided by such infrastructure.

In Australia, for example, the government is looking at using next-generation telecoms infrastructure to promote the digital economy, including e-health, e-education, smart grids, media and other FttH

applications.

* © Copyright Paul Budde Communication Pty Ltd


2. Top e-government Applications

G2C services G2B servicesIncome tax Social contributions

Job search Corporate tax

Social security VAT declaration

E-ID Registration of new company

Car registration Open Data (Statistical data)

Building permits Customs declaration

Declaration to the police Environment-related permits

Fines Procurement


2. E-Health E-health is rapidly shaping up as one of the main killer apps on

the truly high-speed broadband networks and millions of people around the world can potentially benefit from e-health applications.

In the western world we are facing a huge dilemma in relation to healthcare. New technologies and knowledge have resulted in increased life expectation and improved lifestyles. The cost of this, however, is enormous and we simply can no longer afford to finance these advances through the public health systems.

In countries with proper broadband infrastructure e-health is developing in a way that will enable us to enjoy these advances in medical technology and medical services, at a more affordable cost. In developing markets such as Africa, where mobile phones make up the majority of telephone subscriptions, mobile applications may also offer access to better quality healthcare.



2. E-Health


US health care spending is expected to increase and reach $4.2 trillion in 2016, the equivalent of 20% of GDP (up from around $2.3 trillion in 2007);

Healthcare spending in China is forecast to grow to $323 billion by 2025;

Health care spending accounts for around 10.9% of the GDP in Switzerland, 10.7% in Germany, 9.7% in Canada and 9.5% in France;

Healthcare spending in the UAE is around 2.5% of GDP;

Health spending is rising faster than incomes in most developed countries;According to UW’s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, spending on global health aid for poor countries had quadrupled from around $5.6 billion in 1990 to $21.8 billion in 2007.

Healthcare spending statistics


2. E-Health


Projected regional increases in total healthcare spending: 2020 - 2050

RegionIncrease in health

care spending

Europe and Central Asia 14%

East Asia and Pacific 37%

South Asia 45%

Latin America and Caribbean

47%

Sub – Saharan Africa 52%

Middle East and North Africa

62%


2. E-Health Applications


With the current overload in most, if not all, of the world’s medical systems; waiting times are increasing and valuable time is being wasted. One very basic service is an appointment service, where you can check dates and times for appointments.

More advances are being made in the private healthcare sector, such as video consultation, where patients and medical practitioners have a greater freedom to use such services. However, there is no doubt in our minds that over time these will be implemented into the public healthcare system as well.

Digital healthcare appointment systems




In Estonia an e-health care initiative, the Estonian Digital Health Information System, has been implemented to increase efficiencies in the health care process. Initiated in 2008 with development scheduled to continue until 2013, the Estonian Digital Health Information System is designed to facilitate quality healthcare services, guarantee patients’ rights and protect public health. It is comprised of a patient portal, digital imaging and digital prescriptions, designed to provide benefits such as allowing patients to make and cancel appointments with a health care service provider online via one web portal; and rapid access to patient records by health care service providers.

Estonia’s E-Health evolution




Twitter can be used for more than just social communication. Examples of potential medical uses for Twitter, including:

• Capture and collating biomedical device data; • Assisting with management of diabetes; • Diagnostic discussions; • Tracking disease;• Communicating infant care information;• Communicating alerts such as drug safety updates;• Consulting and follow-up with patients after discharge;• Support for drug and alcohol rehabilitation;• Assist patients in clinical trials (i.e. TrialX).

Using Twitter for e-health


2. E-Education

E-learning, also known as online education/ training, tele-

education or distance education is essentially the delivery of training or teaching, using technologies. It can include web-based seminars and classes, downloadable content, CD-ROM content, video content, live instruction in classroom

settings, online forums, chats and virtual training programs.



2. E-Education Applications


ATutorhttp://atutor.ca/

ILIAShttp://www.ilias.de/docu/

Clarolinehttp://www.claroline.net/

LAMShttp://www.lamsinternational.com/

Dokeoshttp://www.dokeos.com/

Moodlehttp://moodle.org/

eFronthttp://www.efrontlearning.net/

OLAThttp://www.olat.com/de/index.html

Fle3http://fle3.uiah.fi/

SAKAIhttp://sakaiproject.org/

Open source e-learning projects


2. E-Education Applications

• Registration online (primary, secondary and tertiary)

• Validation of certificates

• Results of exams and grades

• Application for scholarships

• Reserve books online

• Students/Parents/Teacher work spaces

• Ask the professor

• Email alerts when students are out or sick

• GIS location of schools


3. EU Country Studies – e-signatures

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Slovak


3. EU Country Studies – e-signatures

Which Institutions should handle design, implementation and Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) e-signatures

Which PKI option would be better implemented in Brunei

Identify three applications that would require PKIs


4. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

You cannot manage what you do not measure

You cannot improve if you do not measure

* ForeSee



* ForeSeeC

redib

le

ValidAccurate

Precise

Reliable

Sen

sitive



Team Exercise

Four Teams

Identify three Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for one online service



Number of Transactions Cost of Transactions

Savings Overall Traffic

% of New Visitors % of Repeat Visitors

Return on Investment Amount of time spent on the site

# of Pages Views # of users vs. actual transactions

# of Clicks Average pages per visit

% of responses to email sent # of users that signed up for newsletters



* ForeSee

Success = Satisfaction

http://kpilibrary.com/home

4. USAGE

WebTrends Analytics is a Web analytics tool which collects and presents information about user behavior on web sites. It collects data from Web server log files augmented with information from client-side scripts, presents results through a graphic user interface, and can present a large variety of data and analyses on many different kinds of web sites. The report presentation interface is highly configurable, allowing the administrator to select specific information to present. It has a large number of configuration parameters, and requires the administrator to understand HTTP and other Web technologies in detail. WebTrends Analytics can require considerable resources and governance for web sites with high traffic.

4. USAGE


5. M-Government

Mobile Government is the next inevitable direction of evolution of eGovernment. It is about modernising the public sector organisations - hence the business processes, the work and the workers - using mobile technologies, applications and services. M-Government is not only about technology but rather how technology revolutionise the public sector activities and how the society adopts these technologies. Mobile devices provide a faster and timely way of delivering information to citizens and is considered as the most common medium or enabler of m-government.

In countries with limited wireless infrastructure and m-services, short message service (SMS) can transmit simple m-services to provide services to citizens.

Mobile Government Consortium


5. M-Government

The main benefit of the m-government is that it truly helps to create an integrated digital nervous system for government. The advancement of ICT explains why new m-government applications emerge and why government has many opportunities through the wireless channels. Its immediacy and convenience reduces the previous barriers to public service operations, encouraging citizens or service providers to make use of the technology. Digital systems enable public service personnel to gather data more efficiently and improve its delivery, also encourage citizens to utilize public services more easily and be more cordial in the city's or government's decision process.

Mobi Solutions Ltd


5. M-Government

Team Exercise

Four Teams

Identify three Key M-Government Applications


5. M-Government applications

Delivery Date Calculator Mobile PollWeather Daily Price IndexStock Market Securities Pay Parking SpotKiosk and CSC Locator Pay Electricity and Water BillsCheck Traffic Offences Agriculture water levelsStudent Exam Results Hotel DirectorySecurity Information Upload health dataDriving Instructor Contact Details eGovernment BlogCustoms Clearing Agencies Directory Price of MedicineHealth Care Clinics Flight InformationTracking Postal Packages Register Complaints


6. Cloud Technology "The cloud will do for government what the

Internet did in the '90s," he said. "We're interested in consumer technology for the enterprise," Kundra added. "It's a fundamental change to the way our government operates by moving to the cloud. Rather than owning the infrastructure, we can save millions.“- Vivek Kundra, US Federal Government CIO

http://www.nextgov.com/nextgov/ng_20081126_1117.php

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

“I believe it's the future," he says. "It's moving technology leaders away from just owning assets, deploying assets and maintaining assets to fundamentally changing the way services are delivered.“- Vivek Kundra, US Federal Government CIO

http://www.cio.de/news/cio_worldnews/867008

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

“Don't fight Mother Nature. It's inevitable that applications will move to the cloud, it's just a matter of which ones. Embrace the change and manage the change in a way that's effective for your business. When it comes to cloud computing, the train has left the station”- John W. Thompson, Chairman and Ex-CEO Symantec

http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid14_gci1523794,00.html

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

This cloud model promotes availability

and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)

– Use provider’s applications over a network

Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)– Deploy customer-created applications to a

cloud

Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)– Rent processing, storage, network capacity,

and other fundamental computing resources

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

Private cloud

– enterprise owned or leased

Community cloud– shared infrastructure for specific community

Public cloud– Sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure

Hybrid cloud– composition of two or more clouds

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology

CommunityCommunityCloudCloud

PrivatPrivate e

CloudCloud

Public Public CloudCloud

Hybrid Clouds

DeploymentModels

ServiceModels

EssentialCharacteristics

Common Characteristics

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Resource Pooling

Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity

Measured Service

On Demand Self-Service

Low Cost Software

Virtualization Service Orientation

Advanced Security

Homogeneity

Massive Scale Resilient Computing

Geographic Distribution

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology - Security

Shifting public data to a external cloud

reduces the exposure of the internal sensitive data

Cloud homogeneity makes security auditing/testing simpler

Clouds enable automated security management

Redundancy / Disaster Recovery

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology - Security

Clouds typically have a single security architecture but have many customers with different demands

Organizations have more control over the security architecture of private clouds followed by community and then public

Higher sensitivity data is likely to be processed on clouds where organizations have control over the security model

* eFortresses


6. Cloud Technology – Security

Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Top Threats Research: Trust: Lack of Provider transparency, impacts

Governance, Risk Management, Compliance Data: Leakage, Loss or Storage in unfriendly

geography Insecure Cloud software Malicious use of Cloud services Account/Service Hijacking Malicious Insiders Cloud-specific attacks

* eFortresses

Where is IT’s Greatest Impact on Government?

Federal CIO Survey Question: Where will investments in technology have the greatest impact on the performance of government?

Source: AFFIRM, December 2008

Cross-Agency Information Sharing and Collaboration

Information Security and Privacy

Critical Infrastructure Sustainability and Continuity

Government Management

Transparent, Citizen-Centric Government

BENEFIT COMMENT

Cost SavingsOrganizations can reduce or eliminate IT capital expenditures and reduce ongoing

operating expenditures by paying only for the services they use and, potentially, by reducing the size of their IT staffs.

Ease of ImplementationWithout the need to purchase hardware, software licenses, or implementation services,

an organization can implement cloud computing rapidly.

Flexibility

Cloud computing offers more flexibility (often called “elasticity”) in matching IT resources to business functions than past computing methods. It can also increase mobility of staff by allowing them to access business information and applications from a wider range of locations and/or devices.

ScalabilityOrganizations using cloud computing need not scramble to secure additional hardware

and software when user loads increase, but can instead add and subtract capacity as the network load dictates.

Access to Top-End IT Capabilities

Particularly for smaller organizations, cloud computing can allow access to hardware, software, and IT staff of a caliber far beyond that which they can attract and/or afford for themselves.

Redeployment of IT Staff

By reducing or doing away with constant server updates and other computing issues, and eliminating expenditures of time and money on application development, organizations may be able to concentrate at least some of their IT staff on higher-value tasks.

Focusing on Core Competencies

Arguably, the ability to run data centers and to develop and manage software applications is not necessarily a core competency of most organizations. Cloud computing may make it much easier to reduce or shed these functions, allowing organizations to concentrate their efforts on issues central to their business such as (in government) the development of policy and design and delivery of public services.

Sustainability

The poor energy efficiency of most existing data centers, due to substandard design or inefficient asset utilization, is now understood to be environmentally and economically unsustainable. Cloud service providers, through leveraging economies of scale and their capacity to managing computing assets more efficiently, can consume far less energy and other resources than traditional data center operators.

6. Benefits of Cloud Technology

* Cisco

6. Challenges of Cloud Technology

* Cisco

Where to start:Low-Hanging Fruit for Government Cloud Projects

Collaboration & information sharing

Next phase of infrastructure virtualization

Hosting of non-critical applications & non-sensitive data

Development, QA and Test

Projects with large-scale compute and storage demands

Security services

Key to Agency Adoption of Cloud: TrustBefore the Economics of Cloud Computing Can be Considered,

Agencies Require a Trusted Service InfrastructureBefore the Economics of Cloud Computing Can be Considered,

Agencies Require a Trusted Service Infrastructure

Security Control

Service-LevelManagement

Compliance

data and information produced or commissioned by government or government controlled entities

7. Open Government data

Examples of government data

Traffic, air quality, budget spending, hospital bed utilization, students per class, crime rates, incidents, and so on

Traffic lights, security cameras, electrical grid, water pipes, and so forth

Recent trends in Government Data?

open open

government datagovernment data

if the data can be freely used, reused and

redistributed by anyone

How is it useful?

LEADERSHIP Someone needs to PUSH for open data How? Directives, acts, laws, regulations

An example of PUSH : USA - Open

Government Initiative

Citizens monitor data streams

Risks: Privacy and SecurityPrivacy and Security While Open Govt. Data

promotes increased civil discourse, improved public welfare and a more efficient use of public resources, it raises privacy and security concerns that may legally prevent certain data sets from being shared with the public

Challenges Gov’t facing while opening dataProtecting personally

identifiable information

Suitably control access to the data

Keep data safe from corruption

How do they respond?Data Protection ActPrivacy and Security

Laws Advocacy

Data Privacy Day

Raising Awareness News http://www.privacy.ohio.gov/ Resources:

http://www.privacy.ohio.gov/resources

Research & Timeline Legal and Regulatory Framework – 2009 Q4

Legislation on Open Government Data including but not limited to Freedom of Information Acts

Legislation on Privacy and Security including but not limited to Data Protection Acts

Other resources – 2010 Q1 Government sites with Open Data Citizen initiated sites that utilize Gov’t Data Policy, Strategies & Technologies for Opening Gov’t

Data Policy, Strategies & Technologies for implementing

Privacy and Security in Government


8. Security – Certification Programs

TAIYE LAMBO


8. Security – Certification Matrix

* eFortresses


9. Way Forward



Thank You

[email protected]