bronchodilating drugs
DESCRIPTION
Bronchodilating Drugs. Pat Woodbery, ARNP, CS Professor of Nursing. How Do These Drugs Work?. Relieve Bronchoconstriction. Types of Bronchodilators. Adrenergics Anticholinergic Anti-inflammatory Leukotriene Inhibitor Mast Cell Stabilizer. Adrenergics Albuterol (Proventil). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Bronchodilating Drugs
Pat Woodbery, ARNP, CS
Professor of Nursing
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How Do These Drugs Work?
Relieve Bronchoconstriction
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Types of Bronchodilators
Adrenergics Anticholinergic Anti-inflammatory Leukotriene Inhibitor Mast Cell Stabilizer
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Adrenergics
Albuterol (Proventil)
Stimulate Beta 2 Receptors in the bronchi and bronchioles
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Anticholinergic
Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
Block the Action of Acetylcholine in bronchial smooth muscle
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Anti-inflammatory
Beclomethasone (Vanceril)
Suppress inflammation in the airways
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Leukotriene Inhibitors
Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Decrease mucus secretion and mucus production
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Mast Cell StabilizerCromolyn (Intal)
Prevents the release of bronchoconstrictive and inflammatory substances
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XanthinesTheophylline (Theo-Dur)
Multi-Action: Not used often
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Patient Teaching
Chronic Illness Inhaled bronchodilators work
fast, others work slow! Take bronchodilators FIRST!
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Nursing Actions Respiratory Rate and Character Respiratory Improvement or Distress Therapeutic Levels of Theophylline Adverse Effects
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Antihistamines
Lecture by Pat Woodbery ARNP, CS
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Antihistamines Antagonize the Action of
Histamine Histamine found in tissues exposed to
environment(eyes, nose, lungs, GI)
Histamine mainly found in Mast Cell
Histamine found in Basophils (RBC)
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Histamine Causes: Stimulation of H1 Receptors
Contraction of smooth muscle= Wheeze Stimulation of Vagus = Cough Permeability veins = Edema Vasodilation = Flushing secretions = Mucous Stimulation of nerve endings = Pruritus
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Histamine Causes: Stimulation of H2 Receptors
Gastric Acid and Pepsin = Abdominal Pain
Rate & Force of Myocardial Contraction =
Tachycardia
Vasodilation = Hypotension, Flushing, HA
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When Histamine is Stimulated How Does the Client Look?
Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic Bronchitis
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Allergic Dermatitis
Anaphylaxis
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Prototype Drugs
Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)
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Nursing Assessment
Why is the client getting this drug? Is there any reason the client
should not get an Antihistamine? Pregnancy, glaucoma, ulcer,
medication interaction, allergy??? Drowsiness ? Dry secretions ? ( Think of
Asthma) Alcohol ?
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Special Considerations
Prevention of Allergic Reaction is the Best Care
Paradoxical Excitement May Occur Use in Elder May Cause Confusion Consider Side Effects: Dryness, Drowsiness
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The END
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Nasal Decongestant, Antitussive, Expectorant, Mucolytic
Lecture by Pat Woodbery,MSN ARNP, CS
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Drugs for Respiratory Disorders
Adrenergic Agents Sympathomimetic Drugs
Relieve Nasal Obstruction by constricting arterioles and blood flow
Treatment of rhinitis
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Prototype DrugsNasal Decongestants
Pseudoephridine (Sudafed)
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Antitussive Drugs Suppress the cough center in the Medulla Suppress the cough receptors in the throat, lungs Narcotic, nonnarcotic Local anesthetics Lozengers
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Prototype DrugsAntitussive
Codeine Dextromethorphan (Benylin DM)
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Expectorants
Prototype Drug: Guaifenesin (Robitussin) Liquefy Respiratory Secretions
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Mucolytic Drugs Prototype Drug: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Inhalant Liquefy mucous Effective within 1 minute peaks in 5-10 minutes Used for Tylenol overdose... given orally
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Nursing Interventions
Relieve Symptoms…NOT a cure Nose drops for no more then 7 days Read the labels carefully Note if syrups……remember sugar! Report palpitations, dizziness, drowsiness
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Side effects: tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypertension (adrenergic effects)
Rebound nasal congestion Many drugs alter the effects of OTC cold
remedies……BE CAREFUL…..HTN, Arrhythmias!
Summary
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THE END