BRIDGING THE GAP: POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT

Graham SaundersCatholic Relief Services

Post-tsunami transitional settlementReview of transitional settlement

response in Indonesia, Sri Lanka & India

Identifying trends and issues

Context – Indonesia>500,000 people

displaced

Extensive damage to coastal strip + 2-3km inland

>95% of buildings destroyed in affected areas

Limited road access to many areas

Conflict area, restricted access by Government & military

Very limited non-governmental settlement activity pre-tsunami

Context – Sri Lanka>500,000 people

displaced

Extensive damage to coastal strip – 500m inland

>90% of buildings destroyed in affected areas

Road access to most areas

Conflict area with LTTE Government most affected

Progress on common response but problematic

Significant non-governmental settlement activity pre-tsunami in conflict areas

Context – India>150,000 people

displaced

Irregular damage to coastal strip – 100-300m inland

Range of damage buildings in affected areas

Road access to all areas

Government declined external assistance

Policies by State Governments

Extensive non-governmental sector

Transitional settlement – IndonesiaLarge scale displacement

Government strategy - TLCs

Emergency shelter close to original sites

Restricted zone

Reluctant access given to NGOs

Support for ‘semi-permanent’

Dilemma of ‘interim’ shelter

Government Masterplan – zoning & guidelines

Transitional settlement – Sri Lanka

Decentralised Government – no immediate strategy

Emergency shelter response

NGO-led strategy development, adopted by Government

Transitional shelter progress to date – Govt & LTTE areas

Land & zoning dilemma

Mixed quality of the response

Governmental structures

TAFREN & progress to permanent

Transitional settlement – IndiaState Governments mobilised

response

Rapid move to transitional

Standardised community shelters

Support for alternative solutions e.g. renting

Creative transitional shelters

Close State oversight of actors

Zoning issues – being progressed

Rapid progress to permanent – separate State strategies

Transitional settlement - trends & issues

Strategy development

Understanding of transitional

Individual versus collective

Land & zoning

Site planning

Environmental impact

Materials

Agency competencies

Governmental capacities

BRIDGING THE GAP: POST-TSUNAMI TRANSITIONAL SETTLEMENT

Graham SaundersCatholic Relief Services