breaking the barrier between system and component modeling ... documents/nurnburg.pdf ·...
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by
Greg Nurnberg,[email protected]
Technical Support Engineer
Fluent Inc.www.fluent.com
Breaking the Barrier Between System andComponent Modeling: Coupling RELAP5-
3D© & FLUENT
Relevant Applications
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Outline◆ FLUENT & RELAP5-3D© Coupling◆ Introduction to Fluent Inc.◆ What is CFD?◆ Case Studies◆ FLUENT
Capabilities◆ Summary
Contours of Pressure
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Need for Fluent & RELAP5-3D© Coupling
◆ Enable an entire system tobe modeled using 1dimensional features ofRELAP5-3D©
◆ Model some components ofthe system in detail usingthe 3 dimensional featuresof FLUENT
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◆ The performance of thesystem depends on the flowthrough each component,and vice versa
◆ Boundary conditioninformation is transferredback and forth between thetwo codes
◆ Both the system andcomponent behavior ismore accurately predicted
Benefits of Fluent &RELAP5-3D© Coupling
Courtesy of Center for Multiphase Research, RPI
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Fluent Coupling◆ A 1-D model of
the powertrainsystem isconstructed
◆ The intakemanifold isrepresented as a“CFD component”
Contours of Exhaust GasRecirculation 18.9 ms intothe cycle
Courtesy of Cummins Inc..
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Fluent Coupling◆ The coupled solution
shows the transientflow in the manifolddue to continuouslyupdated boundaryconditions
◆ The systemperformance is moreaccurately predictedas well Contours of Exhaust Gas
Recirculation
Courtesy of Cummins Inc..
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Introduction to Fluent Inc.
◆ Fluent Inc. develops and markets fluiddynamics software for the analysis ofengineering processes
◆ Software can be used for studying:�Fluid flow and heat transfer�Complex reactions, materials, processes
◆ Largest CFD vendor in the world
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Fluent Worldwide
ATES, Korea SFI and Aavid, Taiwan
Fluent India
CFD - RES , Australia
Fluent UKFluent FranceFluent GermanyFluent ItalyFluent SwedenFluent Benelux
Fluent Inc. HQ - Lebanon, NHEvanston, ILSanta Clara, CAAn Arbor, MIMorgantown, WV
N. AmericaEurope Asia/Pacific
Fluent Asia-Pacific, JapanTokyo and OsakaFluent India
Hi-Key, China
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Major Markets Served•Aerospace•Turbomachinery•Power Generation/Nuclear•Chemicals/Petrochemical•Automotive•Computers/Semiconductors•Materials/Metallurgy•HVAC
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Computational FluidDynamics
◆ Fluid flow, heat and masstransfer, phase change,chemical reaction, mechanicalmovement, and deformation ofrelated solid structures
◆ Navier Stokes Equations
◆ Numerical Solution Techniques� Finite Difference� Finite Elements� Finite Volume
φφρφρφ Sgraddivt
+Γ=+∂
∂ )div()()( u
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How CFD Analysis Works
1. User definesthe problem...
2. A mesh isconstructed
3. Model is set up in Fluent
4. Solution iscomputed and viewed in Fluent!
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Case Studies
◆ Tube and Shell Heat Exchanger◆ Steam Generator Flows◆ Coolant Control Valve
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Heat Exchanger PerformanceImprovement
◆ Problem:� Under-performing 324
tube heat exchanger� 700mm x 2500mm long
vertical with 200mmnozzles on the tube side
� Tube side flow90757kg/hr at 69.5 C
◆ Solution:� Replace the device� German Chemical
company retains CalGavin Engineers toperform analysis
Courtesy of Cal Gavin Ltd.
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Axial Velocities Across the Outlet
Look for local hot spots andtemperature uniformity
Maldistributed Improved
Courtesy of Cal Gavin Ltd.
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◆ FLUENT is used tosimulate the flow in asteam generator following asevere loss of coolantaccident
◆ Due to blockage in thecoolant loop and seals,cooling is impaired
Severe Accident Steam GeneratorFlows
◆ The simulation is used to determine the extent of thecooling failure – whether it is restricted to the coolantpiping or extends into the steam generator tubing
Courtesy of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission
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◆ Temperature contours onthe symmetry plane (top)show hot coolant on thetop of the pipe
◆ Velocity vectors (bottom)show the directions of thehot and cool liquid flows
◆ The predicted average hotand cold temperatures arewithin 1.5 – 2K of themeasured values
Severe Accident Steam GeneratorFlows
Courtesy of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission
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Severe Accident Steam GeneratorFlows
◆ Predictions of the number oftubes carrying hot flow arecompared to data
◆ FLUENT overpredicts theregion of hot flow by 16tubes, or 7% of the totalbundle
◆ Overall, the CFD results arein very good agreement withdata and provide moreinformation than a limitednumber of thermocouples can
Courtesy of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission
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Coolant Control Valve◆ Dual control valve is used for
automotive HVAC coolantcontrol
◆ Driver and passenger cancontrol temperaturesindependently
◆ Valve motion is simulated usingthe moving mesh feature
◆ Time-varying profiles describethe motion of the valve spools
Courtesy of Robert Bosch Corporation
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Coolant Control Valve◆ Deforming mesh
capability has beendemonstrated with thecoolant control valve
◆ When compared tosteady-state analyses,a deforming meshanalysis produces amore realisticrepresentation of flowthrough componentssuch as valves andpumps
Courtesy of Robert Bosch CorporationContours of Velocity Magnitude
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Fluent Capabilities◆ Model Building◆ Physical Models◆ Multiphase Models◆ Dynamic Mesh
Adaption◆ Moving and
Deforming Mesh◆ Visualization
Courtesy of BASFContours of Solid Phase
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Fluent Capabilities
◆ Model Building� Fully integrated� Solid geometry
modeling
� Geometry and meshimport from CAD/CAE
� Meshing� Mesh visualization and
quality diagnostics
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◆ Physical Models� Heat transfer, species transport and reacting flows� Multiple reference frames, sliding mesh and mixing
plane model� Inviscid, laminar
or turbulent
Fluent Capabilities
Courtesy of General Electric
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◆ Multiphase Modeling� Particle Tracking� Free Surface Flows� Mixture Model� Fluid-Fluid, Fluid-Solid
Fluent Capabilities
Bubble Column
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Fluent Capabilities◆ Dynamic Mesh Adaption
� Improve accuracy• Refine the grid based on flow solution gradients or geometric details
for higher resolution of flow details.� Increase model efficiency
• Add grid resolution only where it is needed
Mesh Coloured by Contours of Static Pressure
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Fluent Capabilities◆ Moving and Deforming Mesh
� The moving mesh uses three possible techniques:• moving nodes while preserving connectivity, localized re-
meshing, dynamic layering� The result is a high quality mesh at all times during the
calculation
Velocity Magnitude ContoursMesh Deformation
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Fluent Capabilities◆ Parallel Computing
� Parallelization available on networksof workstations or multiple processorworkstations
� Partitioning done automatically
Grid partitions on a utility boilerGrid partitions on a utility boiler
FL5M2 Benchmark on Linux Cluster
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Number of Processors
Ben
chm
ark
Thro
ughp
ut
Linear Scaling
Intel Xeon 2GHz 8x2 Cluster,Fast Ethernet InterconnectIntel Xeon 2GHz 8x2 Cluster,Myrinet Interconnect
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Fluent Capabilities◆ Visualization
� 3D visualization tools� Animation� Quantitative reports� Integrals and
averages� Customized reports
Plume Dispersion
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Summary◆ A number of
industrial applicationshave been identifiedwhich may benefitfrom the coupling ofFLUENT & RELAP5-3D©.
◆ Overall predictions ofthe system andcomponentperformance areexpected to be moreaccurate
Volume fraction of vapor during film boiling