braille module 57 accent symbol, foreign and anglicized...

Braille Module 57 Accent Symbol, Foreign and Anglicized Words Defined, Foreign Words in English Text, Foreign Punctuation Marks, and Anglicized Words LOC Literary Lesson 16, Sections 16.1-16.5

PROFITT Curriculum Module # 57 — Accent Symbol, Foreign, and Anglicized Words

Braille Module 57-1

Braille Module 57 Accent Symbol, Foreign and Anglicized Words Defined,

Foreign Words in English Text, Foreign Punctuation Marks, and Anglicized Words

LOC Literary Lesson 16.1-16.5

Summary

Goal(s): The goal is for the students to gain an understanding of the accent symbol, foreign and anglicized words defined, foreign words in English text, foreign punctuation marks, and Anglicized

words.

SMART Objectives: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-sensitive

By the end of this module, students should be able to:

BS57.1: Know the rules concerning the

accent symbol.

BS57.2: Demonstrate a growing proficiency and understanding the rules for foreign and anglicized words that are defined, foreign words in English text, foreign punctuation marks and anglicized

words.

BS57.3: Review and test over the accent symbol, foreign and anglicized words defined, foreign words in English text, foreign punctuation marks, and Anglicized

words.

Instructor:

Braille instructor

Delivery Method(s):

Lecture Classroom reading Discussion One-on-one reading Hands on

Length: 5 hours Three topics

Any Applicable Business and/or Soft Skills:

Corresponding LOC Manual: Lesson 16.1 with EBEA V.24.c Lesson 16.2 Lesson 16.3 with EBEA V.24 Lesson 16.4 with EBEA V.24.d Lesson 16.5

Take Away Message(s): You may feel coming across an accent symbol on a common day would be rare, but you will be surprised. Knowing how to apply the rules when using the accent symbol will allow the blind reader the ability to distinguish what it is quickly for easy reading. Learning the difference between foreign and anglicized words will save you a lot of confusion down the road. Foreign language may seem a little overwhelming, but you can grasp the concept as you apply yourself. Remember to use the dictionary when you do not know whether a word has been anglicized or not.


Braille Module 57-2

Instructor Preparation

Title of Module: Accent Symbol, Foreign and Anglicized Words Defined, Foreign Words in English Text, Foreign Punctuation Marks, and Anglicized Words

The purpose of this module is for the students to demonstrate their knowledge of the accent symbol, foreign and anglicized words defined, foreign words in English text, foreign punctuation marks, anglicized words and the code rules pertaining to these items. The

students will test on the information learned in this module.

Agenda – topics to be covered in the module and length of each item

Topic Time Allotted: 5 hours

A. Accent Symbol

(30 minutes)

B. Foreign Words, Punctuation Marks, and Anglicized Words

(3 hours)

C. Review and Test

(1.5 hours)

Materials and Supplies – items needed in order to carry out the agenda and classroom activities

1. LOC Manual

2. EBAE

3. BANA Braille Codes Update, 2007

4. Handouts and Answer Sheets: Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.1), Answers to Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.2), Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.1), and Answers

to Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.2).

5. You will need copies of the Proofreading Error sheet from Module 6 (6.A.1).

Classroom Preparation

1. Each workstation should have a computer, a braille writer, a slate and stylus, an LOC Manual, EBAE, a means of communicating with the embosser (network or thumb drive), braille paper (not-tractor feed), a braille eraser, pen/pencil, notebook, and highlighter.

2. Have chalk and erasure board ready for use.


Braille Module 57-3

Curriculum Content

A. Accent symbol (30 minutes)

Objective BS57.1: Know the rules concerning the accent symbol.

PREINSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

The instructor will be familiar with section 16.1 and EBAE V.24.c which covers the accent

symbol.

CONTENT PRESENTATION AND LEARNER PARTICIPATION

As a class the students will read and discuss LOC Manual: Lesson 16.1 and EBAE V.24.c

about accent symbol.

Some reminders to the students:

“An accent mark in print is a mark or symbol used to indicate the stressed syllable,

vocal quality, a characteristic pronunciation, or a pitch or tone of a word.

In literary braille an ____ ____ (dot 4) is used. Answer: accent symbol. The accent

symbol is a ____ ____. Answer: composition sign. In braille, this symbol is placed

immediately ____ a letter that, in general literature, is printed with an accent or

diacritical mark. Answer: before. In literary braille, where only a few words or

sentences are in a foreign language, is a distinction made between different kinds

of accent marks? Answer: no distinction is made

When brailling foreign words printed in regular typeface in English text, can

accented letters form part of a contraction? Answer: no, accented letters must not

form part of a contraction.

An accent mark in an English word indicates an entire ____ ____—not just a

letter—and contractions are used. Answer: stressed syllable

When an accent mark is used, it must be listed on a ____ ____ page. special

symbols

Remember: The distinction between the various accent marks is made when

brailling textbooks in which diacritic markings are used to study pronunciation, or

when brailling whole foreign language texts, such as those used in foreign-

language instruction. Braille configurations for special characters found in French,

Italian, Spanish, German, and Greek are listed in Appendix B of English Braille

American Edition. Braille codes for other languages can be found in World Braille

Usage.”


Braille Module 57-4

B. Foreign and Anglicized Words Defined (3 hours)

Objective BS57.2: Demonstrate a growing proficiency and understanding the rules how foreign and Anglicized words are defined, foreign words in English text, foreign

punctuation marks and anglicized words.


The instructor will be familiar with section 16.2 which covers foreign and anglicized words defined. They will also be familiar with section 16.3 which covers foreign words in English text and sections 16.4 which covers foreign punctuation marks. Another section the students will study is 16.5 which cover anglicized words. The instructor will also be familiar with Drill 39.

Each student will need a collegiate edition of a reputable dictionary, less than ten years

old to look up words.

You will need copies of the Proofreading Error sheet (6.A.1) from Module 6.

You will need copies of the following: Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.1) and Answers to Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.2).


As a class the students will read and discuss LOC Manual: Lesson 16.2 about foreign and

anglicized words defined.


“Once again, the importance of a dictionary is stressed. When dealing with foreign

and anglicized words it is important that you know the difference.

Remember: All dictionaries of the English language contain both words of English origin and words that have a foreign origin but have been so incorporated into English that they are considered "anglicized," i.e., part of the language.

Knowing the difference between the various accent marks will help you gain knowledge for later in life when you start to learn textbook formatting. Therefore, memorize the names of the different accents as you see them. In literary braille you will use the accent sign (dot 4) for all accent signs, but once you graduate to textbook formats you will have different symbols for each accent.

Here are some definitions for you:

Anglicized word: to become English or similar to English in form, pronunciation,

idiom, or character.

Foreign word: of, from, or typical of a country other than one’s own.”


Braille Module 57-5

The instructor will lead the class as they use a dictionary to look up the following words

(write the following words on the board):

très chic

juzgar

carte blanche

escaper

sans serif

coup d’etét

Write whether the word is foreign or anglicized. This will give the students

experimentation to use the dictionary to see if a word is anglicized.

très chic foreign word

juzgar foreign word

carte blanche anglicized word

escaper foreign word

sans serif anglicized word

coup d’etét anglicized word

As a class the students will read and discuss LOC Manual: Lesson 16.3 about foreign

words in English text.


“How are foreign words distinguished in English text? Answer: Some words are not

distinguished by any means and others by a different typeface, such as italics. The

rules for transcribing words set off in print are different than those that are not set

off. Pay attention to the braille techniques for the benefit of the braille reader.

When foreign words, phrases, or names within English text are printed in a

typeface different from the surrounding text, and/or enclosed in quotation marks,

follow ____. Answer: print. Can you use contractions or the letter indicator with

these words? Answer: Do not use contractions or letter indicators in such words.


Braille Module 57-6

Can you use the contractions for to, into, or by? Answer: Do not use the

contractions for to, into, or by before them.

When, in English text, a foreign name is printed in a distinctive typeface such as

italics, the italics have been used to distinguish it both as foreign and as a proper

noun. Can you use contractions with these names? Contractions are not used in

these names.

When English names appear within foreign phrases that are set off in a distinctive

typeface can you use contractions? No, contractions are not used in English names

when they appear within foreign phrases that are set off in a distinctive typeface.

When foreign words and names are printed in regular typeface can you use

contractions and the letter indicators? Yes.

Sometimes a foreign word has the same spelling as an English word, or a braille

contraction for an English word, but the meaning, pronunciation, and/or syllable

division is different. Would you contract these words? Answer: Where the use of a

contraction could cause difficulty in the recognition of such a word, the contraction

is not used.

Use a letter indicator before any free-standing, accented or unaccented, single

foreign letter in regular typeface. How do you set off a letter combination that

could be mistaken for a short-form word? Answer: A letter indicator should be

placed before any letter combination that could be mistaken for a short-form word.

Remember the rules about prefixes and suffixes. Keep in mind the good rule of

thumb that tells you to keep prefixes and suffixes intact and divide compound

words into their component parts when dividing foreign words. This practice,

however, can be troublesome for a transcriber who is not familiar with the

language. So, where would you go for help? Answer: You can go to the internet, a

foreign dictionary, or someone who is familiar with the language.”

As a class the students will read and discuss LOC Manual: Lesson16.4 about foreign

punctuation marks.


“Remember that punctuation used in foreign languages generally follows that used

in English, but there may be some differences.

Can you name two different punctuation marks that you learned in today’s lesson?

French guillemets (« ») and German quotation marks („ “) enclose conversation.


Braille Module 57-7

How would you braille these? Answer: These are represented in braille by the

appropriate English inner or outer quotation mark symbols. Where would you

explain this usage? Answer: This usage should be explained on a transcriber's notes

page.

What page would you use to explain a situation like using a dash to introduce

foreign conversation? Answer: This usage must be explained on a special symbols

page.

Remember that in Spanish when a question is enclosed in question marks, the first

one inverted and placed at the beginning of the question. Do you remember how to

braille this? In braille, both the opening and closing question marks are represented

by dots 26, different from the English question mark. What would you use for the

Spanish exclamations marks? Answer: The Spanish exclamations begin with an

inverted exclamation mark. The exclamation marks are represented by dots 235—

just as in English braille. This too must be explained on the special symbols page.

When transcribing braille always keep in mind the order: opening dash, emphasis

indicator, and then the punctuation.

As a class the students will read and discuss LOC Manual: Lesson 16.5 about anglicized

words.


“Where do you go to find out if a word has been anglicized or not? Answer: When

in doubt, consult a reputable dictionary less than ten years old.”

Next the students will complete Drill 39 on Page 16-5 using Perky Duck.

Some reminders to the students before they transcribe Drill 39:

“Structure the sentences for Drill 39 carefully paying attention to the rules for transcribing the accent symbol and foreign words. Mark your paper well, especially when to use the letter indicator and contractions. You may want to continue the practice of writing the rule next to the applicable word or letter as a reminder on where to find it. This saves you valuable time if you start to question yourself. The

rule will be at your fingertips.

Proofread your own work before handing it to someone else to proofread.”

When the students have completed this activity, which includes proofreading their own work, they can exchange drills and proofread each other’s work using the “How to Successfully Proofread” steps.


Braille Module 57-8

C. Review and Test 1.5 hours

Objective BS57.3: Review and test over the accent symbol, foreign and anglicized words

defined, foreign words in English, foreign punctuation marks, and anglicized words.


The instructor will be familiar with Lesson 16.1-16.5.

You will need the following handouts: Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.1) and Answer to

Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.2).


Review Lesson 16 of the LOC Manual. The review is designed to prepare the students for the test. The instructor is to go over each section with emphasis on areas that will be on the test. Allow the students to ask any questions pertaining to the contents of LOC Manual: Lesson 16.1-16.5.

Then will pass out the Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.1) to each student. This test consists of filling in the blanks, true/false and searching for words in the dictionary and stating if they are foreign or anglicized words. The students are also required to state which contractions you would use in these words. An answer key is included.

The expected outcome of the test will help both the instructor and the students to understand the students’ strengths and weaknesses. This will allow them to work together

to strengthen the students weaknesses in any area.

ASSESSMENT

This test is necessary for the students and the instructor to determine the knowledge acquired over Lesson: 16.1-16.5 of the Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing Fifth Edition, 2009. It is expected that the students will fully grasp the rules for the accent symbol, foreign and anglicized words defined, foreign words in English text, foreign

punctuation marks, and anglicized words.


Braille Module 57-9

Braille Module 57 Accent Symbol, Foreign and Anglicized Words Defined, Foreign Words in English Text, Foreign Punctuation Marks, and Anglicized Words LOC Literary Lesson 16, Sections 16.1-16.5 Handouts and Answer Sheets


Braille Module 57-10

Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.1)

Proofread each sentence and highlight each braille cell that is incorrect.

1. Mimi called, “Garçon, garçon!”

2. Shelley’s fiancé is from France.

3. São Paulo is a city of southeast Brazil west-southwest of Rio de Janeiro.

4. Monica jumped up and replied, “Blessèd are those that have a job in this difficult

economy.”

5. The news reënforced her hopes.

6. Andy was an “oráculo,” which means he was a “fount of wisdom”.

7. “Empuñar” is the word for “to grasp” in Spanish.

8. “Masz rozlegia rodzinę” is translated “you have an extended/extensive family” in

Polish.

9. “La maestro sólo habla español en la clase.” is translated “The teacher only speaks

Spanish in the class.”

10. Max told Henry, “Geld abgezählt bereithalten.”

11. “¿Qué haces?” is translated “What are you doing?” in Spanish.

12. The Ban Dainagon Ekotoba (late 12th century) emphasizes active figures depicted

with rapidly executed brush strokes and thin but vibrant colors.

57.B.1



1.01 °°#A4°,MIMI°CALL$1°8,GAR@CON1°GAR@CON60 °

1.02 °°#B4°,%ELLEY'S°FIANCAE°IS°F°,FR.E4 °°°°°

1.03 °°#C4°,SA@O°,PAULO°IS°A°C;Y°(°S\?EA/°°°°

1.04 ,BRAZIL°WE/-S\?WE/°(°,RIO°DE°,JANEIRO4°°

1.05 °°#D4°,MONICA°JUMP$°UP°&°REPLI$1°°°°°°°°

1.06 8,B.S@ED°>E°^?°T°H°A°JOB°9°?°DI6ICULT°°°

1.07 ECONOMY40°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.08 °°#E4°,!°NEWS°RE@5=CED°H]°HOPES4°°°°°°°°

1.09 °°#F4°,&Y°0°AN°8.ORAACULO01°:°M1NS°HE°0°

1.10 A°8F.T°(°WISDOM04°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.11 °°#G4°8,EMPU@N>0°IS°!°^W°=°86GRASP0°9°°°

1.12 ,SPANI%4°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

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1.15 FAMILY0°9°,POLI%4°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.16 °°#I4°8,LA°MAE/RO°S@OLO°HABLA°ESPAANOL°°

1.17 EN°LA°CLASE40°IS°TRANSLAT$°8,!°T1*]°°°°°

1.18 ONLY°SP1KS°,SPANI%°In°!°CLASS40°°°°°°°°°

1.19 °°#Aj4°,MAX°TOLD°,H5RY1°8,GELD°°°°°°°°°°

1.20 ABGEZ@AHLT°BEREITHALT540°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.21 °°#AA4°8,Q@UE°HACES80°IS°TRANSLAT$°8,:AT

1.22 >E°Y°DO+80°9°,SPANI%4 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.23 °°#AB4°,!°,BAN°,DA9AGON°,EKOTOBA°7LATE°°

1.24 #AB?°C5TURY7°EMPHASIZES°ACTIVE°FIGURES°°

1.25 DEPICT$°)°RAPIDLY°EXECUT$°BRU%°/ROKES°&°

57.B.1



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57.B.1



Answers to Lesson 16.1-16.5: Worksheet (57.B.2)

Proofread each sentence and highlight each braille cell that is incorrect.

1. Mimi called, “Garçon, garçon!”

2. Shelley’s fiancé is from France.

3. São Paulo is a city of southeast Brazil west-southwest of Rio de Janeiro.

4. Monica jumped up and replied, “Blessèd are those that have a job in this difficult

economy.”

5. The news reënforced her hopes.

6. Andy was an “oráculo”, which means he was a “fount of wisdom”.

7. “Empuñar” is the word for “to grasp” in Spanish.

8. “Masz rozlegia rodzinę” is translated “you have an extended/extensive family” in

Polish.

9. “La maestro sólo habla español en la clase.” is translated “The teacher only speaks

Spanish in the class.”

10. Max told Henry, “Geld abgezählt bereithalten.”

11. “¿Qué haces?” is translated “What are you doing?” in Spanish.

12. The Ban Dainagon Ekotoba (late 12th century) emphasizes active figures depicted

with rapidly executed brush strokes and thin but vibrant colors.

1. Contract “ar” in garcon.

2. Accent symbol is dot 4 not dot 1.

3. Accent symbol goes before the letter “a” in São.

4. Accent symbol-contract “ed” in Blessèd.

5. Accent symbol-uncontract “ed” in reënforced.

6. Foreign word in distinctive typeface: accent symbol is dot 4 not 1.

7. Foreign word in distinctive typeface is to be italicized. Uncontract “ar” in Empuñar.

8. Foreign word in distinctive typeface: uncontract “in” rodzine.

9. Foreign word in distinctive typeface and the accent symbol is dot 4 not 1.

10. Foreign word in regular typeface: uncontract “en” in bereithalten.

11. Need Spanish question marks in the quote “¿Qué haces?”. Foreign word in distinctive

typeface: accent symbol goes before the “e” in Qué.

12. Foreign names in English: italicize Ban Dainagon Ekotoba, use no contractions.

57.B.2



1.01 °°#A4°,MIMI°CALL$1°8,GAR@CON1°GAR@CON60°

1.02 °°#B4°,%ELLEY'S°FIANCAE°IS°F°,FR.E4°°°°°

1.03 °°#C4°,SA@O°,PAULO°IS°A°C;Y°(°S\?EA/°°°°

1.04 ,BRAZIL°WE/-S\?WE/°(°,RIO°DE°,JANEIRO4°°

1.05 °°#D4°,MONICA°JUMP$°UP°&°REPLI$1°°°°°°°°

1.06 8,B.S@ED°>E°^?°T°H°A°JOB°9°?°DI6ICULT°°°

1.07 ECONOMY40°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.08 °°#E4°,!°NEWS°RE@5=CED°H]°HOPES4°°°°°°°°

1.09 °°#F4°,&Y°0°AN°8.ORAACULO01°:°M1NS°HE°0°

1.10 A°8F.T°(°WISDOM04°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

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1.12 ,SPANI%4°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.13 °°#H4°8.,MASZ°.ROZLEGIA°.RODZ9@E0°IS°°°°

1.14 TRANSLAT$°8Y°H°AN°EXT5D$_/EXT5SIVE°°°°°°

1.15 FAMILY0°9°,POLI%4°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.16 °°#I4°8,LA°MAE/RO°S@OLO°HABLA°ESPAANOL°°

1.17 EN°LA°CLASE40°IS°TRANSLAT$°8,!°T1*]°°°°°

1.18 ONLY°SP1KS°,SPANI%°In°!°CLASS40°°°°°°°°°

1.19 °°#Aj4°,MAX°TOLD°,H5RY1°8,GELD°°°°°°°°°°

1.20 ABGEZ@AHLT°BEREITHALT540°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.21 °°#AA4°8,Q@UE°HACES80°IS°TRANSLAT$°8,:AT

1.22 >E°Y°DO+80°9°,SPANI%4°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

1.23 °°#AB4°,!°,BAN°,DA9AGON°,EKOTOBA°7LATE°°

1.24 #AB?°C5TURY7°EMPHASIZES°ACTIVE°FIGURES°°

1.25 DEPICT$°)°RAPIDLY°EXECUT$°BRU%°/ROKES°&°

57.B.2



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2.11 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.12 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.13 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.14 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.15 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.16 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.17 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.18 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.19 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.20 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.21 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.22 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.23 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.24 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

2.25 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°

57.B.2



Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.1)

Fill in the blanks with the following words.

before inverted contraction component composition

(« ») symbols considered transcriber's configurations

foreign stressed reputable different anglicized

(„ “) special dictionaries exclamation surrounding

1. The accent symbol (dot 4) is a ____ sign.

2. Many dictionaries also include foreign words that have not acquired an ____ status

but are often used by English speakers.

3. In braille, the accent symbol is placed immediately ____ a letter that, in general

literature, is printed with an accent or diacritical mark.

4. Any word listed in the A to Z entries in the body of an English dictionary is considered an English word unless specifically designated as ____.

5. When foreign words, phrases, or names within English text are printed in a typeface

different from the ____ text, and/or enclosed in quotation marks, follow print.

6. When an accent mark is used, it must be listed on a ____ symbols page.

7. A good rule of thumb to use when dividing foreign words is to keep prefixes and

suffixes intact and divide compound words into their ____ parts.

8. Braille ____ for special characters found in French, Italian, Spanish, German, and

Greek are listed in Appendix B of English Braille American Edition.

9. French uses guillemets ____ to enclose conversation.

10. German uses inverted quotation marks ____ to enclose conversation.

11. Explain the French guillemets and the German inverted quotation marks on the ____ notes page.

12. When a dash is used in braille to introduce foreign conversation, this usage must be

explained on a special ____ page.

13. In Spanish a question is enclosed in question marks, the first one ____ and placed at the beginning of the question.

57.C.1



14. In braille, the Spanish question marks, both the opening and closing, are represented

by dots 26, ____ from the English question mark.

15. Spanish exclamations begin with an inverted ____ mark.

16. Many words that were once ____ foreign have been anglicized.

17. When in doubt consult a ____ dictionary less than ten years old.

18. An accent mark in an English word indicates an entire ____ syllable.

19. When brailling foreign words printed in regular typeface in English text, accented

letters must not form part of a ____.

20. All ____ of the English language contain both words of English origin and words that have a foreign origin.

Answer True or False to the following questions.

21. In literary braille, where only a few words or sentences are in a foreign language, distinctions are made between different kinds of accent marks. True False

22. An accent mark in an English word indicates an entire stressed syllable—not just a

letter—and contractions are used. True False

23. When foreign words and names are printed in regular typeface, contractions and

letter indicators are used. True False

24. All dictionaries of the English language contain both words of English origin and words that have a foreign origin but have been so incorporated into English that they

are considered "anglicized," i.e., part of the language. True False

25. The distinction between the various accent marks is made when brailling textbooks in which diacritic markings are used to study pronunciation, or when brailling whole foreign language texts, such as those used in textbook formatting instruction. True or False

26. Transcribers unfamiliar with the rules of Braille Formats and those prescribed by the Braille Authority of North America's (BANA) Foreign Language Technical Committee

should not attempt to transcribe diacritics or foreign language books. True False

27. Contractions are not used in English names when they appear within foreign phrases that are set off in a distinctive typeface. True False

28. When brailling foreign words printed in regular typeface in English text, accented letters must not form part of a contraction. True False

57.C.1



29. The rules for brailling foreign words that are distinguished in English text by a different typeface, such as italics, differ from foreign words that are printed in regular typeface. True False

30. When, in English text, a foreign name is printed in a distinctive typeface such as italics, the italics have been used to distinguish it both as foreign and as a proper

verb. True False

31. In Spanish the emphasis indicator is placed before the opening punctuation—but

following the opening dash. True False

32. Sometimes a foreign word has the same spelling as an English word, or a braille contraction for an English word, but the meaning, pronunciation, and/or syllable

division is different. True False

33. Where the use of a contraction could cause difficulty in the recognition of such a

foreign or English word, the contraction is used. True False

34. Use a letter indicator before any free-standing, accented or unaccented, single

foreign letter in regular typeface. True False

35. Spanish punctuation marks must be explained on a special symbols page. True False

36. A letter indicator should be placed before any letter combination that could be mistaken for a short-form word. True False

37. Punctuation used in foreign languages generally follows that used in Spanish. True

False

38. When dashes are used to enclose foreign-language dialogue instead of quotation

marks, in braille they are spaced in the same way as quotation marks. True False

39. When an anglicized word such as carte blanche is no longer designated as foreign in the dictionary, are printed in italics, we must assume that the author has chosen to italicize them for emphasis or distinction—in which case the italics are kept and

contractions are used. True False

57.C.1



Search for the following words in the dictionary and state if they are foreign or anglicized words. In the last column state which contractions you would use.

Example: tres chic; foreign; tr(dot 4)es chic.

57.C.1

Word Foreign or Anglicized Write out the word as you structure it.

39.

barrière

40.

enfant terrible

41.

blessèd

42.

vis-à-vis

43.

coup d'état

44.

garçon

45.

färben

46.

sans serif

47.

centime

48.

mare nostrum

49.

al fine

50.

in areternum



Answers to Lesson 16.1-16.5: Test (57.C.2)

Fill in the blanks with the following words.

before inverted contraction component composition

(« ») symbols considered transcriber's configurations

foreign stressed reputable different anglicized

(„ “) special dictionaries exclamation surrounding

1. The accent symbol (dot 4) is a ____ sign. composition 16.1

2. Many dictionaries also include foreign words that have not acquired an ____ status but are often used by English speakers. anglicized 16.2

3. In braille, the accent symbol is placed immediately ____ a letter that, in general literature, is printed with an accent or diacritical mark. before 16.1

4. Any word listed in the A to Z entries in the body of an English dictionary is considered

an English word unless specifically designated as ____. foreign 16.2

5. When foreign words, phrases, or names within English text are printed in a typeface different from the ____ text, and/or enclosed in quotation marks, follow print. surrounding 16.3a

6. When an accent mark is used, it must be listed on a ____ symbols page. special 16.1

7. A good rule of thumb to use when dividing foreign words is to keep prefixes and

suffixes intact and divide compound words into their ____ parts. component 16.3c

8. Braille ____ for special characters found in French, Italian, Spanish, German, and

Greek are listed in Appendix B of English Braille American Edition. configurations 16.1

9. French uses guillemets ____ to enclose conversation. (« ») 16.4a

10. German uses inverted quotation marks ____ to enclose conversation. („ “)16.4a

11. Explain the French guillemets and the German inverted quotation marks on the ____

notes page. transcriber's 16.4a

12. When a dash is used in braille to introduce foreign conversation, this usage must be explained on a special ____ page. symbols 16.4a

13. In Spanish a question is enclosed in question marks, the first one ____ and placed at the beginning of the question. inverted 16.4b

57.C.2



14. In braille, the Spanish question marks, both the opening and closing, are represented

by dots 26, ____ from the English question mark. different 16.4b

15. Spanish exclamations begin with an inverted ____ mark. exclamation 16.4b

16. Many words that were once ____ foreign have been anglicized. considered 16.5

17. When in doubt consult a ____ dictionary less than ten years old. reputable 16.5

18. An accent mark in an English word indicates an entire ____ syllable. stressed 16.1

19. When brailling foreign words printed in regular typeface in English text, accented

letters must not form part of a ____. contraction 16.1

20. All ____ of the English language contain both words of English origin and words that have a foreign origin. dictionaries 16.2

Answer True or False to the following questions.

21. In literary braille, where only a few words or sentences are in a foreign language, distinctions are made between different kinds of accent marks. True False, no

distinction is made 16.1

22. An accent mark in an English word indicates an entire stressed syllable—not just a

letter—and contractions are used. True False 16.1

23. When foreign words and names are printed in regular typeface, contractions and letter indicators are used. True False 16.3b

24. All dictionaries of the English language contain both words of English origin and words that have a foreign origin but have been so incorporated into English that they

are considered "anglicized," i.e., part of the language. True False 16.2

25. The distinction between the various accent marks is made when brailling textbooks in which diacritic markings are used to study pronunciation, or when brailling whole foreign language texts, such as those used in textbook formatting instruction.

True False, foreign-language instruction 16.1

26. Transcribers unfamiliar with the rules of Braille Formats and those prescribed by the Braille Authority of North America's (BANA) Foreign Language Technical Committee should not attempt to transcribe diacritics or foreign language books. True False

16.1

27. Contractions are not used in English names when they appear within foreign phrases

that are set off in a distinctive typeface. True False 16.3a(2)

28. When brailling foreign words printed in regular typeface in English text, accented letters must not form part of a contraction. True False 16.1

57.C.2



29. The rules for brailling foreign words that are distinguished in English text by a different typeface, such as italics, differ from foreign words that are printed in regular typeface. True False 16.3

30. When, in English text, a foreign name is printed in a distinctive typeface such as italics, the italics have been used to distinguish it both as foreign and as a proper

verb. True False, as a proper noun 16.3a(1)

31. In Spanish the emphasis indicator is placed before the opening punctuation—but

following the opening dash. True False 16.4b

32. Sometimes a foreign word has the same spelling as an English word, or a braille contraction for an English word, but the meaning, pronunciation, and/or syllable

division is different. True False 16.3b(1)

33. Where the use of a contraction could cause difficulty in the recognition of a foreign or English word, the contraction is used. True False, the contraction is not used 16.3b(1)

34. Use a letter indicator before any free-standing, accented or unaccented, single foreign letter in regular typeface. True False 16.3b(2)

35. Spanish punctuation marks must be explained on a special symbols page. True False

16.4b

36. A letter indicator should be placed before any letter combination that could be

mistaken for a short-form word. True False 16.3b(2)

37. Punctuation used in foreign languages generally follows that used in Spanish. True False, follows that used in English 16.4

38. When dashes are used to enclose foreign-language dialogue instead of quotation marks, in braille they are spaced in the same way as quotation marks. True False

16.4a

39. When an anglicized word, such as carte blanche, is no longer designated as foreign in the dictionary, are printed in italics, we must assume that the author has chosen to italicize them for emphasis or distinction—in which case the italics are kept and

contractions are used. True False 16.5

57.C.2



Search for the following words in the dictionary and state if they are foreign or anglicized words. In the last column state which contractions you would use.

Example: tres chic; foreign; tr(dot 4)es chic.

57.C.2

Word Foreign or Anglicized Write out the word as you structure it.

39.

barrière foreign b(ar)ri(dot 4)ere

40.

enfant terrible anglicized (en)fant t(er)ri(ble)

41.

blessèd foreign b(less)(dot 4)(ed)

42.

vis-à-vis anglicized vis-(dot 4)a-vis

43.

coup d'état anglicized c(ou)p d'état

44.

garçon foreign

g(ar)(dot 4)con

45.

färben foreign f(dot 4)arb(en)

46.

sans serif anglicized sans s(er)if

47.

centime foreign c(en)time

48.

mare nostrum foreign mare no(st)rum

49.

al fine foreign (letter sign) al fine

50.

in aeternum foreign (in) aet(er)num

braille module 57 accent symbol, foreign and anglicized...

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