book i unit 8 new horizon college english unit section a birth of bright ideas 8
TRANSCRIPT
Book I
Unit 8
New Horizon College English
UnitUnit Section A Section A
Birth of Bright Ideas
88
Book I
Unit 8
Pre-class Tasks Checking
Text Comprehension
Difficult Sentences
Writing
Words and Phrases
Post-class Task
Summary
Book I
Unit 8
Pre-class Tasks Checking
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Symphony 9Symphony 9 BACK
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II. Brainstorming
1.How do you know about Beethoven?
2.As a composer, what’s the most important point of creating a symphony?
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1.How do you know about Beethoven? Beethoven is the most famous classical
composer of the western world. Beethoven is remembered for his powerful and stormy compositions, and for continuing to compose and conduct even after he began to go deaf at age 28. His Fifth Symphony is one of the most famous moments in all of music. Sixth Symphony are especially famous. Beethoven also wrote the popular "Moonlight“, “Hero”,Hero”, “Fate”, Fate”, Symphony 9 …..
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2.As a composer, what’s the most
important point of creating a symphony?
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Genius is 99 percent perspiration and 1 percent inspiration.
Albert Einstein is one of the most recognized and well-known scientists of the century. His theories solved centuries-old problems in physics and rocked even non-physicists' view of the world. www.thocp.net/biographies/einstein_albert.html - 14k
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III. Global Understanding
1.Where do good ideas come from?
unconscious inspiration
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2. How many examples are given in the text and who are they ?
Three examples are given here. They are Richard Wagner, Henri Poincare and Decartes.
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Structure of the text
Main idea of the text
Text Comprehension
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Structure Survey Main idea :Inspirations come from the unconscious(1-3).
Example (4)① Example (5)② Example (6)③Richard
WagnerHenri Poincare
Descartes
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Part 1(Para. 1-3): Inspirations come from the unconscious
Part 2 (Para. 4-6): Three Examples
Example (4)①Example (5)②Example (6)③
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According to the author, good ideas come from__________________, a _____________ term used to describe ________________ that
remain unknown to the individual. Many of the great creative personalities experienced___________________________
in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters.
Main idea Filling (1-3)
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1.Where do good ideas come from according to the author?
2.What does “the unconscious” mean to psychologists?
3.Is it just the great creative personalities who have experienced the sudden arrival of a new idea?
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b According to the author, good ideas come from__________________, a _____________ term used to describe ________________ that
remain unknown to the individual. Many of the great creative personalities experienced___________________________
in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters.
the unconscious psychologicalmental processes
the sudden arrival of a new idea
Main idea Filling(1-3)
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Example 1(para.4): Richard Wagner, the great G
erman _________, had been occupied with the idea
of composing the opening to “Rhinegold” for several
years. When at last the orchestral opening, for which
his ____________ mind had been seeking for so lon
g, took shape within him, his _________ mind at the
moment of creation knew ________ of the actual pr
ocess by which the solution was found.
A new idea may ______into the conscious mind.BACKBACK
Three Examples (Para. 4-6 ))
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The comparison and contrast is employed in this passage to present through contrast different ways of forming big ideas.
Structure Analysis: -----Comparison and Contrast ( 对比法 )
Conjunctions: as a contrast , while
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)
Take the example of Richard Wagner composing the opening to "Rhinegold". Wagner had been occupied with the idea of the "Ring" for several years, and for many months had been struggling to begin composing.
The topic sentences of paragraphs:
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Comparison and Contrast(对比法 )
On September 4, 1853, he reached Spezia sick, went to a hotel, could not sleep for noise without and fever within, took a long walk the next day, and in the afternoon flung himself on a couch intending to sleep. Then at last the miracle happened for which his unconscious mind had been seeking for so long.
The process of forming big ideas:
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Falling into a sleeplike condition, he suddenly felt as though he were sinking in a mighty flood of water, and the rush and roar soon took musical shape within his brain. He recognized the orchestral opening to the "Rhinegold," that he must have carried about within him yet had never put into form, had at last taken its shape within him.
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In this example, the conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found.
The result:
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Example 1(para. 4 )): Richard Wagner, the great Ger
man _________, had been occupied with the idea o
f composing the opening to “Rhinegold” for several
years. When at last the orchestral opening, for which
his ____________ mind had been seeking for so lon
g, took shape within him, his _________ mind at the
moment of creation knew ________ of the actual pro
cess by which the solution was found.
A new idea may ______into the conscious mind.
composer
unconscious
conscious
nothing
flash
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The discovery of Fuchsian Functions by Henri Poincare shows that the _________ mind may _______the ___________ mind at work..
Example 2(para.5):
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Topic sentence ? (Para. 5)As a contrast, we may consider a famous story: the discovery by Henri Poincaré, the great French mathematician, of a new mathematical method called the Fuchsian functions.
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For weeks, he sat at his table and spent an hour or two trying a great number of combinations but he arrived at no result. One night he drank some black coffee, contrary to his usual habit, and was unable to sleep. Many ideas kept surging in his head; he could almost feel them pushing against one another, until two of them combined to form a stable combination. When morning came, he had established the existence of one class of Fuchsian functions. He had only to prove the results, which took only a few hours.
The process of forming big ideas: ? (Para. 5)
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The result: ? (Para. 5)
Comparison and Contrast( 对比法 )
Here, we see the conscious mind observing the new combinations being formed in the unconscious, while the Wagner story shows the sudden explosion of a new concept into consciousness.
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The discovery of Fuchsian Functions by Henri Poincare shows that the _________ mind may _______the ___________ mind at work..
conscious
observe unconscious
Example 2 (para.5):
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It was _________ that Descartes, the famous French philosopher, discovered the key point in his __________ —cogito ergo sum, which means ____________________ in English.
Example 3 (para.6): :
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The topic sentence of Para.6
A third type of creative experience is exemplified by the dreams which came to Descartes at the age of twenty-three and determined his life path.
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How did he get the idea ?
He had unsuccessfully searched for certainly, first in the world of books, and then in the world of men. Then in a dream on November 10,1619, he made the significant discovery that he could only find certainty in his own thoughts.
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It was _________ that Descartes, the famous French philosopher, discovered the key point in his __________ —cogito ergo sum, which means ____________________ in English.
in a dream
philosophy
I think; therefore, I exist
Example 3:
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Paraphrase
Translation
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Difficult Sentences
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1. Of course, all ideas don’t occur like that but so many do, particularly the most important ones. (L4)
Note部分否定 : 代词 all 与 not 搭配使用时 , 表示部分否定 , 意为“并非都是 , 不是每个都是”等。
1.3333444
1
当然，并非所有的思想都是这样产生的，但许多思 想的产生确实如此，尤其是那些最为重要的思想。
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All is not gold that glitters.
All that glitters is not gold.发光的并非都是金子。
② Opportunities come to all, but all are not ready for them when they come.
机会是均等的，人人都有，但不见得在机会到来时人人都能准备好去接受它。
e.g.
①
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Which translation is correct ?
这两部电影我都不喜欢。A. I don’t like both of the films.
B. I like neither of the films.
英语中表示全部否定时常用
等词。
no, none, nobody,
nothing, neither, never, nowhereNote
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除了 all 之外 , 可与 not 搭配构成部分否定结构的代词还有 :
等 , 这种结构往往构成翻译陷阱。
Everybody can not enjoy symphonies.
并非每个人都能欣赏交响乐。
e.g.
both, every, everybody, everyone, many ，everything
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2. ... it is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters. (L10)Many
这在那些富有创造性的天才人物身上最显而易见。
他们中的许多人对这种经历有着强烈的感受。
这在那些富有创造性的天才人物身上最显而易见。
他们中的许多人对这种经历有着强烈的感受。名词 ( 代词或数词 ) + of + whom 结构
Many of the highly creative persons had experiences of this sort and felt its effects strongly, as you can find in their life stories and letters, so their case is easiest to study and understand.
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The book contains 50 poems, most of which were written in 1930’s. The book contains 50 poems, most of which were written in 1930’s.
There are two left, one of which is almost finished and the other of which is not quite.
e.g. Our class consists of 50 members, 15 of whom are female. Our class consists of 50 members, 15 of whom are female.
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Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, the overall consumption of which is significantly higher than that of women.
Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _________________________ is significantly higher than that of women.
whose overall consumption
e.g.
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3. All truly creative activities depend in some degree on these signals from the unconscious, and the more highly insightful the person, the sharper and more dramatic the signals become. (L15)
“the + more..., the +more...”
一切真正创造性的活动似乎都在某种程度上依赖于潜意识中的这些信号；一个人洞察力越强，这些信号就越鲜明、越富有戏剧性。
Note
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Translation① 你开始得越早，就完成得越快。② 你认识的人越多 , 你能用于见他们的时 间就越少。
The sooner you start, the more quickly you’ll finish.
The more people you know, the less time you have to see them.
①
②
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(1) The more books a man reads, … ( knowledge, have )
The more books a man reads, the more knowledge he will have.
Complete the following sentences after the given model, with the help of the words given in brackets.
《读写教程 I 》 : Ex. VI, p. 185Ex. VI, p. 185《读写教程 I 》 : Ex. VI, p. 185Ex. VI, p. 185
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(3)The smaller the house is, … ( the less, pay)
The smaller the house is, the less you have to pay for it.
(2) The more he thought about it, … ( the less, like )
The more he thought about it, the less he liked it.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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(5) The more you talk in English, … ( progress, make )
The more you talk in English, the more progress you will make.
(4) The more dangerous it is, … ( excited, feel )
The more dangerous it is, the more excited he feels.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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4. Then at last the miracle happened for which his conscious mind had been seeking for so long. (L27)
5. In this example, the conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found. (L32)
“ 介词 + 关系代词” 结构问题
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① I can’t remember the age at which he won the prize.
The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our university.
I can’t remember the age.
He won the prize at the age (of...).
The author will visit our university.All of us are familiar with the author.
②
e.g.
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(1) It is easiest to examine the sudden arrival of a new idea in the great creative personalities. Many of the great creative personalities experienced it in an intensified form.
《读写教程 I 》 : Ex. V, p. 184Ex. V, p. 184《读写教程 I 》 : Ex. V, p. 184Ex. V, p. 184
It is easiest to examine the sudden arrival of a new idea in the great creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form.
Combine the two simple sentences to make one complex sentence that contains an attributive clause.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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(2)The Gaels’ offspring are the modern Scots and Irish. Some of the modern Scots and Irish still speak the Gaelic language.
The Gaels’ offspring are the modern Scots and Irish, some of whom still speak the Gaelic language.
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(3) George explained that this was the official dress for taking examinations. Many of the examinations were held in June.
George explained that this was the official dress for taking examinations, many of which were held in June.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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(4) At last the miracle happened. His unconscious mind had been seeking for the miracle for so long.
At last the miracle happened, for which his unconscious mind had been seeking for so long.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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(5) The conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes. The solution was found by the actual processes.
The conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found.
V. V. Exercises--StructureExercises--Structure BackBack
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6. He recognized that the orchestral opening to the “Rhinegold”, which he _______________ about within him yet had never been able to put it into form, had at last taken its shape within him. (L29)
must have carried
“一定…… , 想必……”
他意识到，久存于心中、却始终未能谱写成的《莱茵河的黄金》管弦乐前奏曲终于在他脑海里形成了。
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7. Here, we see the conscious mind observing the new combinations being formed in the unconscious, while the Wagner story shows the sudden explosion of a new concept into consciousness. (L43)
在这件事中，我们看到意识一直注视着在无意识中形成的新组合，而瓦格纳的例子则显示了一个新想法在意识中的突然迸发。
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8. Then in a dream on November 10, 1619, he made the significant discovery that he could only find certainty in his own thoughts, cogito ergo sum (“I think; therefore, I exist”). (L49)
“that ” 引导的是同位语从句。
之后，在 1619 年 11 月 10 日的一次梦中，他有了一个意义重大的发现，即确定性只存在于自己的思想中，“我思，故我在”。
Note
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Chinese to English
Word Replacing
Word Using
Translation and sentences making
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Words and Phrases
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1.to form a good idea 2.to sleep on3.to arrive as a gift from
gods4.to glow with the heat of
creation 5.to describe a process
unknown to the individual
6.to use this term to describe
7.to experience sth. in an intensified form8.to depend in some degree on9.to be occupied with10.to do sth within & without 11. to carry … about within sb.
I. Translation and sentences making
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12.to take its shape within sb 13.to watch sth. at work14.to arrive at no result15.to be contrary to one’s usual habit16.to keep surging in one’s head 17.to combine to form a stable combination 18.to establish the existence of 19.to show the sudden explosion of sth. into conscious
ness 20.to fill him with intense enthusiasm21.to be representative of …
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7. 热衷于足球
2. 收入来源
6. 成功的要素
3. 消化过程
1. 个人财产
4. 常驻代表
5. 社会心理学
II. Chinese to English
individual possessions
sources of income
the process of digestion
a permanent representative
social psychology
elements of success
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1. come to a conclusion
2. You can’t count on Tom being punctual.
3. be engaged in conversation
4. The freezing weather is responsible for the breaks in the concrete.
5. Our ideas are beginning to take shape.
_________________
III. Word Replacing
(become formed)
(is the cause of)
(be occupied with /in)
(depend on)
(arrive at)
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1) A good idea flashed into her mind.
1. flash v. (L2):
① (of an idea) come suddenly
② to move very fast; to pass suddenly
2) The car flashed by so quickly that I could not see the car number.
IV. Word Using
e.g.e.g.
1. Flash1. Flash
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2. occupy v. (L20) ① busy
Helen was fully occupied with business matters, so we didn’t want to bother her.
be occupied with/in be occupied with/in occupy oneself with/inoccupy oneself with/in
e.g.e.g.
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一个人如果忙于谈情说爱而无暇顾及自己的主业，那么他将很难取得成功。
If one is too occupied in courting to mind his main business, he stands little chance of success.
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没必要现在就做决定 ,为什么不先回家好好想想明天再说呢 ?
3. 暂时不作决定to sleep on … (L.2)
There is no need to make a decision now; why don’t you go home and sleep on it?
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公司的成功在一定程度上取决于员工的素质。The success of the company depends in some degree on the quality of the staff.
. 一定程度上取决于4.to depend on (L.15)
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Summary
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Creative thinking depends ___ what was unknown becoming _____. Unconscious _________ unknown to us are the source of the instinctive thinking that is responsible for new _________ concepts. All of us have experienced the sudden _________ into consciousness of a new concept when we _______ thinking about it. _________ we can find examples of _________ among famous personalities in every field. For the ___________ Descartes, for example, a dream determined his __________
on clear
progresses
organizedexplosion
weren’t
Elsewhereinvention
philosopherpotential
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life path and provided a central concept about existence. The conscious mind of the mathematical genius Poincare actually_______ his unconscious __ work. For Wagner, by _______, his conscious mind at the moment of ________ knew nothing of the actual processes __ which the sound of water became an __________ score.
All of these examples of creative thinking depend __ some degree on signals from the
IV. IV. SummarySummary
watched at
contrast creation
by
orchestral
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Structure Analysis
Your Tasks
Writing
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Structure Analysis
Using comparison or contrast is a common way in writing paragraphs.
The phrases like “as a contrast”, “ by/in contrast”, “by/in comparison ” , “on the contrary” or “unlike” are often used to make the paragraphs coherent and smooth.
(Samples)
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Sample 1Sample 1
It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate his victory. People love to be winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlike winners, losers are the lonely ones of the world. It is difficult to face defeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointments publicly. They can not cry or grieve about their defeat. They may suffer privately, but they must be composed in public. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.
(using the method of contrast to emphasize the differences.)
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Sample 2Sample 2
I like having a twin sister. When she’s happy, I’m happy. When she feels unhappy, I feel the same. Often, I know what she’s going to say. Sometimes, I know what she’s thinking. I like what she likes. I hate what she hates. We like the same music, the same food and the samebooks.
(using the method of comparison to emphasize the similarities.)
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