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KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY. This document contains KONGSBERG information which is proprietary and confidential. Any disclosure, copying, distribution or use is prohibited if not otherwise explicitly agreed with KONGSBERG in writing. Any authorised reproduction, in whole or in part, must include this legend. © 2010 KONGSBERG – All rights reserved.
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Some development highlights for a High Resolution Broadband Multibeam Echo sounder
Berit Horvei, Product Manager Multibeam
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
/ 2 / 9 Apr 2023
AGENDA
• EM 2040. A High Resolution Broadband Multibeam Echo sounder
• Requirements set• Examples verifying requirements• Results
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EM 2040, specification
• Wideband: 200-400 kHz
• Depth rating: 6000 m
• Operational modes: Deep, medium and inspection or 200, 300 and 400 kHz.
• Pulse length: 25µs – 12 ms(FM)User selectable or automatic
• Three transmit sectors, dual swath
• 1 or 2 receive transducer(s)
/ 3 / 9 Apr 2023
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Requirements set
• Sector transmission• Full motion compensation• Broadband transducer• Large band width – short pulse length• Near-field focusing • 6000 m depth rating• Low self-noise• Re-use of bottom detection algorithms• SIS, same topside SW as previous models• Support third party topside SW
/ 4 / 9 Apr 2023
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Sector transmission
• Three transmit sectors.• Motion compensation• Reduce multipath problems
• Receiver filter. Filters adapted for each transmit pulse.
/ 5 / 9 Apr 2023
230 260 290 320 350
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Frequency [kHz]
Am
plit
ud
e [d
B]
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Motion compensation
• Test of yaw stabilization. EM 2040 has full motion compentation
/ 6 / 9 Apr 2023
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Broadband transducer, measured coverage
/ 7 / 9 Apr 2023
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Measured coverage
• Jervis Inlet, 200 kHz, gravel
/ 8 / 9 Apr 2023
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CW/FM pulses, Measured & calculated coverage
/ 9 / 9 Apr 2023
250 200 150 100 50 0 50 100 150 200 250
0
50
100
150
200
250
Dep
th [
m]
Coverage Port[m] Coverage Starboard[m]
EM 2040, 300 kHz, Sand [-30 dB] Single RX 1*1 degree
= 53.0dB/km
CW CWFM FMCW CW
CWFM]
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Band width/ pulse length.
/ 10 / 9 Apr 2023
Reduced speckle with short pulse:
300 kHz
• 600 µs
• 70 µs
• 200 µs
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Frequency, beam width and pulse length
/ 11 / 9 Apr 2023
2 x 2 m
Courtesy of Marine Research Vessel KAIO-MARU No7, Nippon Kayo Co,Ltd
Courtesy of Marine Research Vessel KAIO-MARU No7, Nippon Kayo Co,Ltd
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Frequency, beam width and pulse length
/ 12 / 9 Apr 2023
200 kHz 100 µs(1.5 °)
380 kHz25 µs(~ 0.75 °)
Oppgi dimensjoner på vrak?
Wreck at 20 m
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Near-field focusing
/ 13 / 9 Apr 2023
Focusing enabled. Beamwidth is 0.4 deg.
Focusing disabled, Beamwidth is 5 deg. SL is 6 dB weaker
This shows the need for nearfield focusing:
380 kHz, measured at 6 m range.
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Depth rating, 6000 m
• Results from ROV testing in Gulf of Mexico
/ 14 / 9 Apr 2023
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Depth rating, 6000 m
• Results from ROV testing in Gulf of Mexico.
/ 15 / 9 Apr 2023
Colour scale:4.4 m depth difference
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Low self noise in electronics
/ 16 / 9 Apr 2023
EM 2040Passing over a forced hydrocarbon leakageMode: 400 kHzWater depth: 24 m
Early EM 3002 results, Water depth, 40 m Old receiver electronics, electronics later modified
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Low self noise, bottom detection algorithms
/ 17 / 9 Apr 2023
Pier,Water depth, 4-19 m
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/ 18 / 9 Apr 2023
Results
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/ 19 / 9 Apr 2023
400 kHz ModeT = 50 μsWater depth 8.5-9.0 meter
Seabed image
Gridded backscatter
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HMCS MacKenszie
• 112 m destroyer• Keel around 30 m• Upper deck 18 m• Radar tower 10 m
/ 20 / 9 Apr 2023
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Wreck Church
/ 21 / 9 Apr 2023
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Sand waves, 97 m depth
/ 22 / 9 Apr 2023
Y-axis: 2 m grid
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Sand waves, 90-100 m water depth
/ 23 / 9 Apr 2023
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Pipeline
8 m depth60 cm pipeline
Gridded (below) andRaw depth points (Allpoints)
400 kHz, single sector25 us pulse length (40 kHz BW)80 deg sector
/ 24 / 9 Apr 2023
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New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012http://www.conference.co.nz/index.cfm/shallowsurvey
Wellington harbour, between piers, 0.5 m grid/ 25 / 9 Apr 2023
90 m
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New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
Pilars and mooring chains, 3D, allpoints, 12 m depth
9 Apr 2023
Mooring chains
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New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
Habitat area, 0.5 m gridSand waves +/- 8 cm at 15 m depth
9 Apr 2023
Bathymetry Backscatter
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New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
• Survey, flat bottom plus wreck, Neptune
/ 28 / 9 Apr 2023
Very clean dataNo filtering done8 million points23 m depthStd = 2 cm0.07% D
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New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
• HMNZS wreck, 0.5 m grid
/ 29 / 9 Apr 2023
Ships Internal structure,3D allpoints
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SAT, Fugro OSAE, Victor Hensen, concrete target
/ 30 / 9 Apr 2023
Victor Hensen installation:EM 20400.5 * 1 degreeDual swath
Concrete target 2*8 mOne half is 50 cm higher A 1 m ”tower” at the corner, 30*30 cm at top.
19 m depth
Target:
400 kHz, 50 us, one single line, gridded.Allpoints on next slide
0.5
1
30*30 cm
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SAT, Fugro OSAE, Victor Hensen, concrete target
Gothenburg target, 400 kHz, 3D
/ 31 / 9 Apr 2023
Red points = top of target
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Summary
• EM 2040. A High Resolution Broadband Multibeam Echo sounder
• Requirements set• Examples verifying requirements• Results
• THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION/ 32 / 9 Apr 2023
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/ 33 / 9 Apr 2023
Kongsberg Maritime
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