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Development of GI Policy in South Korea
Development of GI Policy in South Korea
2013. 9. 26.2013. 9. 26.
Byongnam Choe
KRIHS
E-mail : [email protected]
Introduction
NGIS Master Plans
Development of GI Policy
Concluding Remarks
Contents
1861 1910 19651946 1995
Dadongyeojido
Land Survey Project
by U.S Army
NGIS project
1974
Cadastral map (1912)
Digital map
Topographic map (1/25000)
History of GI Production
Topographic map (1/5000)
3.8m
6.7m
Map Legend
Source : 문경옛길박물관5
Measure on foot (Chosun Dynasty)
• Producer : Jungho Kim• Year : 1861• Measurement method : on foot• Scale : 1:216,000 • Printing : Woodblock printing• No. of woodblocks : 121• Entire size : 3.8mX6.7m• Map Books of 22 volumes.• Size of the book : 20cmX30cm
32km
48km
Dadongyeojido
Spatial
Non-spatial
COMPUTERIZATION• Hardware• Unit task• Limited users within department
INFORMATIZATION• S/W, Data• Business process• Many users within organization
Convergence• Information service • Inward and outward service• Citizen and business
1980s 1990s First decade of 21st
1987-96 : The 1st/2nd GovernmentComputerization Project
- Digitalization of administrative data
- Electronic issue of civil service document
2002- : The 3rd /4th E-government Project
- Enforcement of e-government service
- Development of ubiquitous computing
2004- : IT 839 Strategy- Strategies for developing IT industry
1995-00 : The 1st NGIS Project
- Digitalization of spatial data(map)
2001-05: The 2nd NGIS Project
- Informatization based on spatial data- Internet information service to the public
2006-09 : The 3rd NGIS Project
- Information service based on spatial data
1989 : Road Facility Register(Taegu)
1990 : Water Supply Facility(Gwangju)
- Digitalization of spatial data(map)
Stages of National InformatizationStages of National Informatization
1996-02 : The NationalInformatization Project
- Informatization of business process
- Definition of core national service areas
1st/2nd
1980s
A few local governments & public organizations used GIS in the early 90’s
=> Data duplication, difficulty in sharing data
Issues such as environment pollution, infrastructure deterioration, natural disaster, and accident
=> LNG explosions in ‘94.12 and ‘95.4
=> Lowered national competitiveness
• Insufficient technological capability of the private sector
=> Government-led investments for GIS applications
Backgrounds of NGISBackgrounds of NGIS
1995. 5 : the 1st NGIS Master Plan• 1995 – 2000 : The creation stage of GIS bases• 2000. 1 : Enactment of the NGIS Law• Projected Investment (billion KRW) : 278.7
2000. 12 : the 2nd NGIS Master Plan• 2001 – 2005 : The spread stage of GIS applications• Projected Investment (billion KRW) : 455.0
2005. 12 : the 3rd NGIS Master Plan• 2006 – 2010 : The advanced stage of GIS applications• 2008. 5 : Enlargement from 1 Department to 4• 2009. 5 Enactment of the NSDI Law• Projected Investment (billion KRW) : 1,394.0
2010. : the 4th NGIS Master Plan
Milestones of NGIS Projects
9
Category The 1st (95~00) The 2nd (01~05) The 3rd (06~9)
Spatial Data
• Make digital topographic maps and cadastral maps • Make thematic maps such as land use maps
• Build framework data •Build framework data (continued)
• Build 3D image data
Key Applications
Underground facility information management system(1996 - )
Geographic information clearinghouse(1999 - )
Urban planning information system(2001 - )
Korea planning support system(2006 - )
National spatial information system(2007 - )
Korea land information system(2004 - )Land management information system(1998 - )
Parcel-based land information system(1998 - )
Summary of NGIS Projects
Category The 1st (95~00) The 2nd (01~05) The 3rd (06~9)
GIS technology
• Mapping technology• DB tool• GIS S/W
• 3D GIS • High resolution satellite image processing
• Intelligent spatial information technology
Standard• Data standard of digital topographic maps
• Geographic data/ service/ exchange standard• Data standard of framework data
• Data service standard
Human Resource Training
• Designated professional institutes
• On/off-line training• Designated hub university
• On/off-line training• Designated graduate school of spatial information
Strategy Research
• Research for project support
• Research for project support• Research for project support
Projected Investment (billion KRW)
278.7 455.0 1,394.0
Summary of NGIS Projects
11
Digitizing Topographic Maps
Rural areas : 1 / 5000 (existing maps)
Mountain areas : 1 / 25000 (existing maps)
Urban areas : 1 / 1000 (new)
Production of Digital Map
Digitizing cadastral maps and thematic maps
Cadastral maps (existing maps) • Mountain areas : 1/3000, 6000• Urban and rural area : 1/500, 600, 1000, 1200
Thematic maps (existing maps) • Land use : 1/1200 – 1/25000• Geology : 1/25000• Ecology : 1/25000
Public Informatization Based on GI
• Application Systems
•LMIS, UFMIS, KOPSS
Public Informatization Based on GI
• Application Systems
•LMIS, UFMIS, KOPSS
GI Technology Development
• GIS Tool• GI Convergence
• GI Content Business
GI Technology Development
• GIS Tool• GI Convergence
• GI Content Business
Goal of the Master Plan
Plan for Individual Project
15
National competitiveness
• Improved productivity of administrative works/information services for citizens
=>better quality of life/new business opportunity
National competitiveness
• Improved productivity of administrative works/information services for citizens
=>better quality of life/new business opportunity
Framework of NGIS Master Plan
Basic environment for Sharing GI
• Digital Map• Standardization• Distribution System• GI Technology(R&D)• Human Resource Training• Strategy Researches
Basic environment for Sharing GI
• Digital Map• Standardization• Distribution System• GI Technology(R&D)• Human Resource Training• Strategy Researches
Stages of GI Policy
SDI establishment
Application facilitation
Service integration(GI convergence)
Paradigm Shift of GI Policy
From government supply-basis to user demand-basis
From public sector application to private sector application
From single topic application to cross-cutting application
From simple material management to decision-making process support
From individual application of an organization to value network at the national-level
Productivity/ service
Public/Privateinformatization
GI market
Distribution
Standard
BaselineGI
+
++
+
+
+
Technology
+
+
Application
+
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+
+
+
+
Baseline GI/Thematic GI
+ R1
R2R3Policy- maker's
mind
Partnership
Legislation/Policy
HRdevelopment
Incentive
+
+
+
+
+
++
SDI +
+
+
+
Policyoutcome
+
e- Government
?
GIKnowledge
+
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Mechanism of GI PolicyGI Policy in circulating structure consisting of causal relationships among different variables
SDI establishment as the key of GI policy
Demand-driven development of baseline GI (framework data) as core of SDI policy
Important to see “forest” and “wood” simultaneously
Need to understand the entire mechanism
Issues of GI Policy
