Blood

Glucose

Glucose G-6-P

Glycogen

F-6-P

F-1,6-P

(2) G-3-P DHAP

Phosphorylase

(2) 1,3 DPG(2) 3PG

(2) 2PG

(2) PEP

(2) Pyruvic Acid

Oxidative Metabolism

Lactic Acid

(+) insulin HK Hexosephosphate Isomerase

PFK

Aldolase

Triosephosphate Isomerase

G3P DH

PG KinasePG Mutase

Enolase

PK

LDH

ATP ADP ATP

ADPATP ADP

ADP

ATP

Alanine

Alanine Transaminase

NADH+H+ NAD+

(-)ATP

(-)ATP

(-)ATP

Blue=enzymesLt Blue-allosteric inhibitor/stimulatorsRed=ATP or ADP used or producedPink=reduced/oxidized NADBlack Bold=intermediates in metabolism

Without O2

With O2

To the ETSIf O2 present

Sarcoplasm

SarcolemmaAnaerobic Glycolysis

Pyruvic Acid

Acetyl Co-A

Fatty AcidsFrom BetaOxidation

Cis-Aconitic Acid

Isocitric Acid

Alpha Keto-Glutaric Acid

Succinyl Co-A

Succinic Acid

Fumaric Acid

Malic Acid

Oxaloacetic Acid

Blue=enzymesLt Blue-allosteric inhibitor/stimulatorsRed=ATP or ADP used or producedPink=reduced/oxidized NAD/FADBlack Bold=intermediates in metabolism

PDH

PC

Citric Acid

CS

IDH

AKG DHSuccinyl Co-ASynthetase

SDH

Fumerase

MalateDH

NAD+

NADH+H+

NAD+

NAD+

NAD+

NADH+H+

NADH+H+

NADH+H+

ADPATP

FADH2

CO2

CO2

From Glycolysis

Mitochondria

Kreb’s Cycle

FAD+

Triglyceride=Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids

Fatty Acid with “N” number of Carbons

Molecule with a Co-A Attached

Add Water

Rearrange the molecule

Cleave an Acetyl Co-Aoff of the molecule

Remaining Portionof the molecule (-) 2C

ATP

AMP

RearrangeMolecule

To the Kreb’sCycle

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acids

FAD+

FADH2

NAD+

NADH+H+

Thiokinase

Thiolase

Broken down by Lipase

Co-A

FP1

CoEnzyme Q

Cytochrome b

Cytochrome c

Cytochrome a

Cytochrome a3

NADH+H+ NAD+

FADH2

FAD+

½ O2 H2O

ADP

ATP

ADP

ATP

ADP

ATP

The Electron Transport System

Return to Glycolysis,Beta Oxidation orKreb’s to be reduced

Return to Glycolysis,Beta Oxidation orKreb’s to be reduced

Mitochondria