fructose. 2 fruktose (levulose) blood blood – glucose – galactose – fructose food food –...
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Fructose
2
FRUKTOSE (LEVULOSE)FRUKTOSE (LEVULOSE)
• BloodBlood– GlucoseGlucose– GalactoseGalactose– FructoseFructose
• FoodFood– HoneyHoney– FruitsFruits– PotatoPotato– OnionOnion
• + glucose+ glucose• + sucrose+ sucrose
• Degradation of Degradation of sucrosesucrose
• Diabetes mellitusDiabetes mellitus• Influence on lipid Influence on lipid
metabolismmetabolism
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Effect of fructoseEffect of fructose
• Ingestion results Ingestion results inin– ObesityObesity– [LDL] [LDL] – [TRIGLYCERID] [TRIGLYCERID] – Metabolic Metabolic
syndromssyndroms
• Chelating effectChelating effect– CuCu– ZnZn– CrCr
• Insulin resistence Insulin resistence (DM Type II. típus)(DM Type II. típus)
• Glycation of Glycation of proteinsproteins
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FRUCTOSEFRUCTOSE
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Absorption of monosaccharides
• Transporters:– GLUT-5– GLUT-2– Glucose
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Absorption of carbohydratesAbsorption of carbohydrates
Gal
Glu
Fru
Extracellular spaceEntherocytesIntestinalis lumen
LactoseLactose
StarchStarch
SucroseSucrose
2Na+
K+
SGLT1
GluGluTT55 GluT2
K+Na+ATP-ase
LactaseLactase
AmylaseAmylase-glucosidase-glucosidase
ATP
ADP
Sucrase
Na+
K+
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0
FRUCTOSE
GLUCOSE
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C
O
H
C
C
OH
OH
C OH
C
CH2
H
H
H OH
OH
H
CH2
C
C
OH
OH
C OH
C
CH2
H
H
H OH
OH
H
OH CH2
C
C
O
OH
C OH
C
CH2
H
H
H OH
OH
OH
D-glukóz D-glucitolsorbitol
D-fruktóz
NADPH + H+ NAD+NADP+ NADH + H+
aldóz-reduktáz szorbitoldehidrogenáz
(nincs a májban)
D-fructose in liquor and in seminal plasmaD-fructose in liquor and in seminal plasma
Peripherial neurons. Diabetic hyperglycaemiaPeripherial neurons. Diabetic hyperglycaemia
Accumulation of Sorbitol Accumulation of Sorbitol periferial neuropathyperiferial neuropathy
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Degradation of Degradation of fructose infructose in
musclemuscleliverliver
0
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Deficiency of liver fructokinase
• Benign diseaseBenign disease• FructoseuriaFructoseuria
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FRUCTOSE
0
FRUCTOSE
GLUCOSE
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Deficiency of Fructose-1-Deficiency of Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase (Fructose phosphate aldolase (Fructose
intolerance)intolerance)• Hereditery Hereditery
fructose fructose intolerance (HFI)intolerance (HFI)
• fruktosemyfruktosemy• Deficiency of Deficiency of
fructose 1,6-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate bisphosphate aldolase Baldolase B
• Def, of aldolase Def, of aldolase B B
• vomiting• hypoglycaemia• Cachexy• hepatomegaly• jaundice• coagulopathy• Metabolic acidosis • Coma• renal Fanconi
syndrome
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0
FRUCTOSE
GLUCOSE
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Nakagawa T et al. (2005) Hypothesis: fructose-induced hyperuricemia as a causal mechanism for theepidemic of the metabolic syndrome Nat Clin Pract Neprol 1: 80–86 doi:10.1038/ncpneph0019
Figure 1 Fructose-induced production of uric acid in the hepatocyte
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0
FRUKTÓZ
GLUKÓZ
[Fruktóz-1-P] [Fruktóz-1-P] Foszfát-hiányFoszfát-hiány
A hipoglikémia kialakulásának valószínű okaA hipoglikémia kialakulásának valószínű oka
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0
FRUKTÓZ
GLUKÓZ