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LS.2.d The student will investigate and understand that all living things are composed of cells. Key concepts include cell division.

Time: 2 Begin class by Kaitlin handing out a set of flashcards to each pair (Have Alyssa work in a group of 3 or if someone is absent work with them). The flashcards should have interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis written on them. Carly explain that pairs must order these cards in the order that they appear in cell division. Give students exactly one minute to do this, and while they work, Carly and Kaitlin set up poster board/Active learning activity. Students share their orders, and as they do that, Carly walk around with the notes worksheet to fill out. Kaitlin introduce topic and tell students to check their answers as we go through the notes.

Time: 3 Kaitlin ask students the difference between mitosis and meiosis- students should answer one is for sex the other is for identical. Maybe mention growth, repair, and replacing other cells- Once at least one student answers, give long definition to

Mitosis- mitosis is to produce new cells for growth and repair that are identical to the parent cell. Meiosis- produce reproductive (sex) cells that carry half the genetic material of the parent.

Ask why cells have to undergo mitosis and list factors-replace, repair, and grow - first part should take about a minute.Begin talking about the different stages beginning with:Interphase-The cell is engaged in metabolic activity and performing its duty as part of a tissue. The DNA duplicates during interphase to prepare for mitosis. Chromosomes are not clearly discerned in the nucleus, although a dark spot called the nucleolus may be visible (Growth divided into 2 parts- G1 and G2- G2 preparing for division)Prophase-Chromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and becomes visible in the light microscope as chromosomes. The nuclear membrane dissolves and the chromosomes begin moving into place. (the nuclear membrane disappears and the DNA in the cell starts getting ready to divide)Metaphase- Spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the middle of the cell nucleus.. This organization helps to ensure that in the next phase, when the chromosomes are separated, each new nucleus will receive one copy of each chromosome. (chromosomes line up)Anaphase-The paired chromosomes separate, and move to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase-New membranes form around the daughter nuclei while the chromosomes disperse and are no longer visible under the light microscope (basically done, but not separate cells yet) Cytokinesis-the partitioning of the cell may begin during telophase (the cell pinches in half and becomes 2 daughter cells)

Flat clay balls with “chromosomes” in it under a smaller flat ball. Students should:

1. Pull off the membrane of the nucleolus

2. Line up the chromosomes3. Tie string around

chromosome middles4. And attach at the centrioles

on either end of the cell5. Pull the cell apart6. Round out and create a

new nucleolusWorksheet with the directions on it given to students. The sheet will have a few extra definitions on it to explain parts of the cell when it undergoes mitosis that are different from normal.

Kaitlin: we are now going to do an activity where you will divide a cell. In these bags you have everything that you will need.

Carly: as you can see, our cells are made of clay and we are going to separate them together using the steps that we just learned

Kaitlin: Please follow the instructions on your piece of paper so that the cell divides properly!

Carly: if you don’t know what a part is, look at the definitions please

Kaitlin: we will give you a couple of minutes to do this and then we will quickly discuss a few of the questions on the bottom of the sheet.

Multiple intelligences:

Interpersonal- talking with partners to work out the cell split

Spatial- understanding how the cell woks when it splits

Bodily Kinesthetic- getting up and moving

Linguistic- talking and understanding definitions

Learning styles:

Kinesthetic- students actively break apart their cells

Visual- the worksheet and diagrams

Auditory- discussion with partners

Accommodations: do as a class if pressed for time

Time: 4

Reflect

Now and Then

Turn and talk- students discuss and write down two of the four questions on the last part of the worksheet. Students should go into as much depth as possible in the time that they have.

As students continue, understanding the stages of mitosis will help them to figure out that place in the larger scheme of life.

Time: 1

What is Mitosis?

What is Meiosis?

Why do cells divide?

Stage Definition DiagramThe cell is engaged in metabolic activity and performing its duty as part of a tissue. The DNA duplicates during interphase to prepare for mitosis.Chromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and the nuclear membrane dissolves and the chromosomes begin moving into place.

The chromosomes align along the middle of the cell nucleus. This ensures that each new nucleus will receive one copy of each chromosomeThe paired chromosomes separate, and move to opposite sides of the cell

New membranes form around the daughter nuclei while the chromosomes disperse

the partitioning of the cell may begin during telophase

Make Your Own Cell Divide

Life Cycle of the Cell

Cell DivisionName_______________________Date________________________Section______________________

Cell DivisionName_______________________Date________________________Section______________________

Please do ALL of this page with your partner. The room should not be quiet while you are working!

Extra Vocab:

Word DefinitionNucleolus

Chromosomes

Spindle fibers

Centrioles

Directions:

1. Take out your clay cell from the bag2. Locate the nucleolus of the cell3. Pull off the membrane of the nucleolus 4. Line up the chromosomes in the correct direction to be pulled apart5. Slip the string around chromosome middles6. Locate the centrioles7. Attach the other end of the string to the centrioles on either end of the cell8. Pull the cell apart9. Round out the cell and create a new nucleolus

Questions: What does the pulling off of the nucleus symbolize in this process? _____________________________________________________________________________________

What part of cell division do the strings represent? _____________________________________________________________________________________

Why do you think the chromosomes line up in the middle? _____________________________________________________________________________________

How was this similar/different from real cell division?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is Mitosis?

Cell DivisionName_______________________Date________________________Section______________________

A process that produces new cells that are identical to the parentWhat is Meiosis?A process that produces sex cells that have half of the genetic information of the

parent

Why do cells divide?

Grow Repair Reproduce

Stage Definition Diagram

InterphaseThe cell is engaged in metabolic activity and performing its duty as part of a tissue. The DNA duplicates during interphase to prepare for mitosis.

ProphaseChromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and the nuclear membrane dissolves and the chromosomes begin moving into place.

MetaphaseThe chromosomes align along the middle of the cell nucleus. This ensures that each new nucleus will receive one copy of each chromosome

AnaphaseThe paired chromosomes separate, and move to opposite sides of the cell

TelophaseNew membranes form around the daughter nuclei while the chromosomes disperse

Cytokinesisthe partitioning of the cell may begin during telophase

Make Your Own Cell Divide

Life Cycle of the Cell

Cell DivisionName_______________________Date________________________Section______________________

Please do ALL of this page with your partner. The room should not be quiet while you are working!

Extra Vocab:

Word DefinitionNucleolus Small, dense spherical structure in the

cell that holds the chromosomes.

Chromosomes A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus that carries the genetic information of the cell

Spindle fibers A protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell during the division process

Centrioles An organelle near the nucleus, occurring in pairs to produce spindle fibers for cell division

Directions:10. Take out your clay cell from the bag11. Locate the nucleolus of the cell12. Pull off the membrane of the nucleolus 13. Line up the chromosomes in the correct direction to be pulled apart14. Slip the string around chromosome middles15. Locate the centrioles16. Attach the other end of the string to the centrioles on either end of the cell17. Pull the cell apart18. Round out the cell and create a new nucleolus

Questions: What does the pulling off of the nucleus symbolize in this process? Dissolving the nuclear membrane__________________________________________________________

What part of cell division do the strings represent? The Spindle Fibers______________________________________________________________________

Why do you think the chromosomes line up in the middle? So that the nucleus of each new cell will receive all of the information that it needs_____ _____________

How was this similar/different from real cell division?Open ended, but answers can relate to the size, material, color, mechanics of using the clay cells to represent cell division___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

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