biotechnology for jhs

8/14/2019 Biotechnology for JHS

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BioBiotechnoltechnol

ogyogyKrisnhaliani WetariniKrisnhaliani Wetarini9P-049P-04


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Whats Biotechnology?

It is the utilization of biological processes

to produce goods or services, by using

fermentation engineering, biochemistry,and genetics

There are 2 kinds of biotechnology, the

conventional and the modern

biotechnology


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Conventional Biotechnology

It is a biotechnology which uses

microorganism to produce food and

services needed by human through simple

process

The examples are :

The production of bread, beer, wine

The production of tempe, oncom, or soy

sauce


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Modern Biotechnology

It is a biotechnology which uses cell and

molecular technology to make products,

improve crops and livestock to benefit

humans

The examples are :

Single cell-protein

Transgenic plants or animals

Tissue culture

Etc.


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Food Biotechnology

Its the biotechnology which is used to

increasing food production

The uses are on the fermentation,

production of cell-protein, and enzyme


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Example of Biotechnology


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Fermentation

Its a process of changing raw material

into food or beverages by using

microorganisms such as yeast and fungi

The examples of fermented food are:

Nata de Coco

Tapai

Tempe


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Single-Cell ProteinProduction

Its a human effort to replicate one-celled

living things to meet their needs

The examples of microorganisms which is

used are:

Chlorella sp.

Spirulina sp.

Saccharomyces sp.


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Production of Food SoftenerEnzyme

No. Enzymes Microorganism Function

1. Amylase Aspergillus aryzae andBacillus subtilis

Food Industry

2. Mold protease Aspergillus aryzae Dough Softener

3. Bacteria protease Bacillus subtilis Meat Softener

4. Rennin Mucor sp. CheeseProduction


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Agricultural Biotechnology

Its a biotechnology which is used to increase and

improve the production of agricultural crops

Some products of Agricultural Biotechnology are:

Biological fertilizer

Biological control

Hydroponics and Aeroponics

Tissue culture

Transgenic plants

Excellent Characteristic of Engineering Techniques


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Biological FertilizerNitrogen-fixingMicroorganism

microorganisms whichare able to convertnitrogen of the air to

another form ofnitrogen soil, such asroot nodule bacteriaandAnabaena.

Mycorrhizae

are symbioticrelationships betweenplant roots and fungi.

There hypae increasesthe surface are of aplants roots so thatthe plant can absorbmore water and

phosphorus from thesoil. Types ofcontributions ofmycorrhizae areforestry, agriculture

and animal culture.


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Hydroponic and Aeroponic

Hydroponic

Its a technique ofplanting plants in

water without usingsoil

Aeroponic

Its a technique ofplanting plants

using air containnutrition substanceswhich is sprayedover the plant roots.


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Tissue Culture

Or micropropagation, is a technique of growing and

manipulating pieces of plant tissue in a sterile medium

The main idea of plant tissue culture is to create new plants

which are genetically identical to the origin by using thetotipotency of cells.

Totipotency is the ability of cells to become new individual

plant.

Tissue or cell from the organism is grown by using in vitro

technique


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Transgenic Plants

Transgenic organism is an organism that

has been inserted with gene from another

organism and is aimed to get new

organisms with new characteristics

The technique used to get transgenic plants

is genetic engineering or DNArecombinant

The example of transgenic plants are the

pests and parasitic fungi


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Excellent CharacteristicEngineering Techniques

It is a technique to change the DNA

structure of living things by entering the

foreign genes into an organism so thatthe organism has a special ability which

is not possessed before


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Animal HusbandryBiotechnology

Animal Cloning Transgenic Animals

The animals gene will

be inserted with

gene from another

organism and is

aimed to get new

organisms with new

characteristics


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The Impact of Biotechnology

Food Processing

Fermented products give positive

contributions to raise financial prosperity

in any aspects of life

As money-maker and decrease jobless

Be the extra earnings

Increase economy value of food Easier to do

It gives alternative food sources

Solve problems concerned with food

roduction


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Agriculture and Animal Husbandry

Biological fertilizer can increase agricultural

products

Economic value of transgenic products

increase such as supply great amounts ofuniformed seeds

The use of biological control reduces the use

of pesticides, herbicides


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Negative Impact ofBiotechnology

Cause environmental pollution from the waste

Transgenic organism thats released to nature

can maybe disturb the ecosystem balance

Organism from genetic engineering can give

bad effects to human health

The use of chemical substances and radiation

can cause environment damage


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biotechnology for jhs

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