biology chapter 2 2b-2. review questions 1. what substances make up carbohydrates? what...

BiologyBiologyChapter 2Chapter 2

2B-22B-2

Review QuestionsReview Questions

1. What substances make up 1. What substances make up carbohydrates? What Characteristics do carbohydrates? What Characteristics do carbohydrates have?carbohydrates have?– They are made of C,H, and OThey are made of C,H, and O– Smaller carbs contain twice as many H atoms Smaller carbs contain twice as many H atoms

as Oas O– Simple sugars, called monosaccharides are Simple sugars, called monosaccharides are

the basic building blocks for carbohydratesthe basic building blocks for carbohydrates


2. What are the primary functions of 2. What are the primary functions of carbohydrates?carbohydrates?– They serve as both structural and energy They serve as both structural and energy

compoundscompounds


3. List several monosaccharides, several 3. List several monosaccharides, several disaccharides, and several disaccharides, and several polysaccharides.polysaccharides.– Monosaccharide- glucose, galactose, ribose, Monosaccharide- glucose, galactose, ribose,

fructosefructose– Disaccharides- lactose, sucrose, maltoseDisaccharides- lactose, sucrose, maltose– Polysaccharides- cellulose, glycogen, starch, Polysaccharides- cellulose, glycogen, starch,

chitinchitin


4. What substances make up a lipid? What 4. What substances make up a lipid? What characteristics do lipids have?characteristics do lipids have?– Lipids are made of C,H, and OLipids are made of C,H, and O– Lipids are only slightly soluble in water but are Lipids are only slightly soluble in water but are

highly soluble in organic substances such as highly soluble in organic substances such as alcoholalcohol

– They mostly serve as structural compounds They mostly serve as structural compounds – They store energy efficientlyThey store energy efficiently


5. Describe the difference between a 5. Describe the difference between a hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecule.hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecule.– Hydrophobic molecules are repelled by water, Hydrophobic molecules are repelled by water,

Hydrophilic are attracted by moleculesHydrophilic are attracted by molecules


6. Differentiate between saturated and 6. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. How are the unsaturated fatty acids. How are the physical characteristics affected?physical characteristics affected?– Saturated fatty acids have two hydrogen Saturated fatty acids have two hydrogen

atoms attached to the carbon atoms. atoms attached to the carbon atoms. – Unsaturated- have or more of the carbon Unsaturated- have or more of the carbon

atoms are double bondedatoms are double bonded– Saturated behave as solids at room Saturated behave as solids at room

temperature, unsaturated behave as liquids at temperature, unsaturated behave as liquids at room temperatureroom temperature


7. What distinguishes phospholipids from 7. What distinguishes phospholipids from other lipids?other lipids?– The third carbon atom of their uniting glycerol The third carbon atom of their uniting glycerol

molecule has a phosphate-containing group molecule has a phosphate-containing group attached to it rather than a fatty acidattached to it rather than a fatty acid


8. List several lipids.8. List several lipids.– Fats, Oils, waxes, cholesterolFats, Oils, waxes, cholesterol

biology chapter 2 2b-2. review questions 1. what substances make up carbohydrates? what...

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