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Biologically Important Molecules

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Page 1: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

Page 2: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms.

They are:Carbohydrate

Page 3: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms.

They are:CarbohydrateLipids

Page 4: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms.

They are:CarbohydrateLipidsProteins

Page 5: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms.

They are:CarbohydrateLipidsProteins &Nucleic Acids

Page 6: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are the primary elements in these compounds.

Because they contain carbon they are classified as________ compounds.

Page 7: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Biologically Important Molecules

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen are the primary elements in these compounds.

Because they contain carbon they are classified as Organic compounds.

Page 8: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. There are always twice as many hydrogens as oxygen.There are three classes:Monosaccharides

Page 9: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. There are always twice as many hydrogens as oxygen.There are three classes:MonosaccharidesDisaccharidesPolysaccharide

Page 10: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides serve as energy molecules for the cell.There are many forms but the most common have the formula of C6H12O6.

Common examples are:Glucose

Page 11: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides serve as energy molecules for the cell.There are many forms but the most common have the formula of C6H12O6.

Common examples are:GlucoseFructose

Page 12: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Monosaccharides serve as energy molecules for the cell.There are many forms but the most common have the formula of C6H12O6.

Common examples are:GlucoseFructose &Galactose

Page 13: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Page 14: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

They only differ in how the elements are arranged. These are called structural isomers.

Monosaccharides are used as building blocks to make more complex carbohydrates.

Page 15: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

They only differ in how the elements are arranged. These are called structural isomers.

Monosaccharides are used as building blocks to make more complex carbohydrates.

Page 16: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides.

Page 17: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides. The type of monosaccharides determines the type of disaccharide.

Page 18: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides. The type of monosaccharides determines the type of disaccharide.

All disaccharides are formed by the DEHYDRATION SYNHTESIS REACTION.

Page 19: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Three common disaccharides are: Sucrose formed from glucose + fructose

Page 20: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Three common disaccharides are: Sucrose formed from glucose + fructose Lactose formed from glucose + galactose

Page 21: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Three common disaccharides are: Sucrose formed from glucose + fructose Lactose formed from glucose + galactose Maltose formed from glucose + glucose

Page 22: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Three common disaccharides are: Sucrose formed from glucose + fructose Lactose formed from glucose and galactose Maltose formed from glucose + glucose

All are formed using the dehydration synthesis reaction and have the formula C12H22O11.

Page 23: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

WAIT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Shouldn’t the formula be C12H24O12 ?

Page 24: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

WAIT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Shouldn’t the formula be C12H24O12 ?

Dehydration means loss of water.

C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O

Page 25: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Sucrose formed from glucose + fructose Lactose formed from glucose and galactose Maltose formed from glucose + glucose

All are formed using the dehydration synthesis reaction and have the formula C12H22O11.

Page 26: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Page 27: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Sucrose also known as table sugar is found in sugar cane.

Page 28: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Lactose also known as milk sugar. Are you lactose intolerant?

Page 29: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Maltose also known as malt sugar and is found in corn.

Page 30: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Polysaccharides are composed primarily of glucose.

Page 31: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Polysaccharides are composed primarily of glucose.

There are four common types and they differ only in how the glucose molecules join together.

Page 32: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Starch also known as amylose is found in plants. It stores excess glucose.

Page 33: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Glycogen is found in the liver and muscles of animals. It stores excess glucose.

Page 34: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Cellulose makes up the cell wall of plants. It serves a structural function.

Page 35: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates

Chitin makes up the exoskeleton of arthropods.

Page 36: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

1. What are the three classes of carbohydrates?

Page 37: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

1. What are the three classes of carbohydrates?

2. List three common monosaccharides.

Page 38: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

1. What are the three classes of carbohydrates?

2. List three common monosaccharides.

3. What is the formula for a monosaccharide?

Page 39: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

4. What is the reaction called that forms disaccharides?

Page 40: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

4. What is the reaction called that forms disaccharides?

5. List threes common disaccharides.

Page 41: Biologically Important Molecules. There are four biologically important groups of molecules found in living organisms. They are: Carbohydrate

Review

4. What is the reaction called that forms disaccharides?

5. List three common disaccharides.

6. List three examples of polysaccharides


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