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biogaspartner – a joint initiative.

Biogas Grid Injection in Germany and Europe – Market, Technology and Players.

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Content.

Introduction...........................................................................................4

Project:.biogaspartner..........................................................................6

1.1.. Project.description...............................................................6

1.2. The.partners.of.the.Biogas.Partnership............................... 7

Market.Development.in..Germany.............................................. 8

2.1.. Market.development................................................................8

2.2.. Project.examples.................................................................. 14

2.3.. Political.framework.for.biogas.injection.in.Germany.......22

Market.Development.in.Europe........................................................26

3.1.. Market.development...........................................................26

3.2.. Project.examples................................................................. .31

Value.Chain.of.Biomethane...........................................................34

4.1.. Biomass.production..............................................................34

4.2.. Logistics........................................................................... 34

4.3.. Biogas.production................................................................35

4.4.. Biogas.upgrade.....................................................................35

4.5.. Grid.feed-in........................................................................... 37

4.6.. Sales.and.trade.................................................................... 38

4.7.. Application.fields................................................................. 39

Companies.and.Market.Players........................................................ 40.

.

Abbreviations............................................................................ 74.

.

Glossary................................................................................................. 75.

.

Publications...........................................................................................76.

.

Imprint....................................................................................................78

Content.

4 B I o G a s P a r T n E r – a j o I n T I n I T I a T I v E

applications as well as on political parameters and the market

development of biogas injection in Germany and Europe. The

key virtues and versatility of biomethane are presented in brief

in the following.

Active.climate.protection..

Biomethane extracted from biomass can replace fossil-based

natural gas. It can in this way abate the emissions from green-

house gases, and thus achieve an important contribution to

a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy economy.

natural energy sources like biomethane release only as much

Co2 as is absorbed from the atmosphere by plants as they

mature. Thereby, the ideal circumstances for climate-neutral

energy consumption become conceivable.

Reduced.import.dependency.

some 97 per cent of Germany’s oil and over 85 per cent of the

country’s natural gas is imported. Biomethane, on the other

hand, is created from indigenous, renewable resources and or-

ganic waste products. Legitimate prognoses project a sufficient

amount of resources for biomethane to supply 10 per cent of

Germany’s demand for natural gas by 2030. These calculations

take into consideration Germany’s overall energy goals for

the future. This approach would allow the country to import

less natural gas, and to significantly increase energy security

simultaneously.

Introduction.

one of the most efficient ways of using biomass for energy pro-

duction is the generation of biogas. Innovative technologies are

available on the market, allowing biogas to be upgraded to nat-

ural gas quality – also called “biomethane” or “bio-natural gas”

– and to be fed into the natural gas grid. This process enables the

replacement of conventional natural gas in many areas, thus

representing an important contribution to climate protection.

Currently, about 60 plants feed biomethane into the natural

gas grid in Germany. several other projects are currently being

planned or constructed, with a clear growth trend.

This brochure provides an overview on the various stages

along the value chain of biomethane, from its production to its

There are many good reasons for biomethane.

5

Stabilisation.of.the.energy.system..

The supply of biogas and biomethane can be maintained all

year round. slurry, manure and organic waste resulting from

food processing continue to accumulate. similarly, harvested

biomass is stored in silos designed to be large enough to main-

tain the necessary supply of energy from biogas throughout the

year. Thus, the production of biogas and biomethane makes an

important contribution to a stable and reliable energy supply.

The regularity of supply has the ability to balance the fluctuat-

ing electricity production originating from alternative renew-

able energy sources such as wind and photovoltaic.

Versatility.of.application..

Biomethane is more flexible in its application than any other

renewable source of energy. Its ability to be injected directly

into the existing natural gas grid allows for energy-efficient and

cost-effective transport. This allows gas grid operators to pro-

vide consumers with an easy transition to a renewable source

of gas.

The diverse, flexible spectrum of applications in the areas of

electricity generation, heat provision, and mobility creates a

broad base of potential customers. Biomethane can be used to

generate electricity and heating in smaller decentralised, or

large centrally-located combined heat and power plants. It can

be used by heating systems with a highly efficient fuel value,

and employed as a regenerative power source in gas-powered

vehicles. The utilisation of biomethane as a source of energy

thus is a crucial step toward a sustainable energy supply.

Regional.development..

The production of biogas from regional resources creates jobs,

especially in agriculture, supply logistics, engineering, and

plant construction and maintenance. In particular, this allows

local farmers to profit from resulting developments in related

“non-food” sectors of local economic development. These sec-

tors provide increased planning security and create an opportu-

nity for alternative sources of revenue.

Eco-friendliness.

a variety of organic materials can be used in biogas plants

exclusively, or in combination with others, without substantial

technical alternation to the facility. Typically, crops commonly

used for the generation of energy are processed together with

biogenic waste, thus providing site-specific adaptability of the

energy mixture used.

Material.flow.at.local.level..

Biogas plants are always located in close proximity to areas

where biomass is cultivated. This circumvents the need for

energy-intensive transportation of energy crops to the plant

location, and minimises the cost of redistributing the byproduct

throughout surrounding cropland. The byproduct can be used

as a commercial fertiliser, thus reducing the costs associated

with the regular purchase of manufactured fertiliser. The use of

all biogas byproducts ensures the optimisation of the value-

added chain of this resource.

Introduction.


Project:.biogaspartner.

Project: biogaspartner.

Figure: Fields of activity of the Biogas Partnership.

1.1.Project.description..

In collaboration with industry partners spanning the entire

value chain of biomethane, the Deutsche Energie-agentur

GmbH (dena) – the German Energy agency – has developed the

“biogaspartner” project. The aim of this project is to develop the

leading platform for the injection of biogas into the natural gas

network and the utilisation of injected biomethane. stakehold-

ers along the whole supply chain are joining the project to sup-

port the development of the young market. dena’s role in the

project is to act as a neutral facilitator and to provide a platform

both for the acquisition and preparation of information and

for its distribution both in Germany and abroad. The project’s

market-oriented approach will supplement the efforts of the

German government to establish the injection of biogas into the

natural gas network as a fixed component of the future energy

mix.

The project started as a national initiative but by now also

includes the international scope.

Industry expertise is required to exploit this potential. Dynamic

cooperation between the players will allow not only the state

subsidy mechanisms to function better, but also boost invest-

ment and innovation. dena is therefore offering membership in

the Biogas Partnership as a means of supporting this process.

next to cooperation, acceptance and transparency are the main

fields of acitivity of the Biogas Partnership. The project provides

objectively prepared, valid information on economic, legal,

technical and ecological questions related to the injection of

biogas, making a significant contribution to objective discus-

sion. The aim of the acceptance field is to communicate the

desirability of the feed-in of biomethane to external stake-

holders, especially in the light of the omnipresent discussions

on the competition for use of crops and the impact of energy

crop cultivation on nature and the environment.

Political.parameters.

The parameters for the injection of biogas in Germany will be

defined as a result of the implementation of the government’s

integrated energy and climate programme, whereby the target

is to exploit a potential of 6 per cent (60 bn kWh) of today’s natu-

ral gas consumption by the year 2020 and 10 per cent (100bn

kWh) by 2030. This objective is defined in an amendment to

the Gas network access ordinance, which came into full effect

on september 3rd, 2010, and regulates the grid access for both

suppliers and grid operators. The target had first been defined

in 2008.

Biomethane can be used not only for standard heating applica-

tions, but also for cogeneration, where the resulting energy is

subsequently fed into the grid to profit from the feed-in tariffs

under the renewable Energy sources act (EEG), and in natural

gas powered vehicles. a number of interesting business models

can be developed to exploit the wide-ranging possibilities for its

use. The market players involved have recognised this trend and

are positioning themselves strategically in this new business

segment.

Cooperation.creates.added.value.

The injection of biogas into the gas grid offers added value at

many levels: biomass provision, generation, processing, mar-

keting, transportation, distribution and application in the elec-

tricity, heat and transport sectors. Both technical and economic

optimisation exists at each of these stages in the value chain.

7


EnBW vertrieb GmbH

Enovos Luxembourg s.a.

EnviTec Biogas aG

erdgas schwaben gmbh

Fachverband Biogas e.v.

figawa e.v.

Fraunhofer-Institut für Umwelt-, sicherheits- und Energietechnik

UMsICHT

Fraunhofer-Institut für Windenergie und Energiesystemtechnik

IWEs

GasaG Berliner Gaswerke aktiengesellschaft

GrEEnFIELD Europe

Haase Energietechnik aG & Co. KG

juwi Bio GmbH

keep it green gmbh

KWs saat aG

Landwärme GmbH

Mabagas GmbH & CoKG

MT-BioMethan GmbH

naWaro BioEnergie aG

n.v. nederlandse Gasunie

ÖKoBiT GmbH

PlanET Biogastechnik GmbH

PrIMaGas GmbH

Propan-Gesellschaft mbH

ProTech Energiesysteme GmbH

r. e Bioenergie GmbH

rechtsanwälte schnutenhaus & Kollegen

rEs Projects GmbH

rWE vertrieb aG

städtische Werke aG Kassel

sTEaG GmbH

Thüga Energie GmbH

TÜv nord Cert GmbH

TÜv sÜD Industrie service GmbH

viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG

volkswagen aktiengesellschaft

WELtec BioPower GmbH

Windwärts Energie GmbH

Targets.for.2020.–.a.prognosis.

The goal of 6 billion cubic metres of biogas by 2020 requires

the construction of roughly 1,000 medium-sized (700 m3/h) or

2,000 smaller (350 m3/h) biomethane plants, equalling about

100-200 plants per year. so, conservative estimates call for an

investment of € 10 –12 billion in plant technology. resource

allocation requires that roughly 1.2 million hectares of cultiva-

ble land be made available for the development of biomass for

biogas by 2020.

1.2.The.partners.of.the.Biogas.Partnership.

The development of the market for the upgrade and feed-in of

biomethane calls for a cooperative collaboration of the market

players along the value chain of biogas injection. The following

companies and associations are cooperating in the project to

jointly face the challenges:

abicon GmbH

agri.capital GmbH

aLEnsYs Engineering GmbH

arCanUM Energy

BaLanCE vnG Bioenergie GmbH

Biogasrat e.v.

BIs E.M.s. GmbH

bmp greengas GmbH

Böck silosysteme GmbH

Bundesindustrieverband Deutschland Haus-, Energie- und

Umwelttechnik e.v.

Bundesverband der Maschinenringe e.v.

Bundesverband Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung e.v.

Cirmac International bv

cng services ltd

Dalkia GmbH

Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e.v.

Deutscher Bauernverband e.v.

Deutscher verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e.v. – Tech-

nisch-wissenschaftlicher verein

Deutsches BiomasseForschungsZentrum gGmbH

DZ Bank aG

E.on Bioerdgas GmbH


Market.Development.in.Germany..

2.1.Market.development.

The German market for the feed-in of biomethane into the grid

is still young. The first two biomethane plants were put into

operation at the end of 2006. In 2007, five more plants were in-

stalled. around 45 plants were connected to the network by the

end of 2010. By the end of 2011, about 100 plants are expected to

be feeding into the German gas grids with a total hourly feed-in

capacity of 64,000 cubic meters of biomethane.

With the plants which will presumably be installed by the end

of 2011, almost 5 billion kilowatt hours of biomethane can be

generated and fed-in. This amount suffices to cover the final

energy demand for heating and hot water of 250,000 four-

Market Development in Germany.

Location Upgrade.Process Status Start.of.Operation Biomethane.Feed-in.Capacity.[m3/h]

Aicha (Osterhofen) No information Construction 2011 750Aiterhofen / Niederbayern Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2009 1,000Altena Amine Scrubbing Planned 2011 380Alteno Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 350Altenstadt/Hessen BiogasUpgrader Construction 2011 600Altenstadt Schongau Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2009 690Angermünde/Schmargendorf Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 650Apensen Amine Scrubbing Planned 2011 350Arneburg Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 700Arnschwang Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 690Barsikow Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 350Bergheim/Paffendorf No information Planned 2012 600Bergheim/Steinheim No information Planned 2012 300Berlin-Ruhleben Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 490Blankenhain Pressure Swing Adsorption Construction 2011 650Blaufelden - Emmertsbühl Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2010 210Bliestal No information Planned 2012 350Borken / Münsterland No information Planned 2011 750Bruchhausen-Vilsen Amine Scrubbing Operating 2011 370Brunne Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2011 300Burgrieden (bei Laupheim) Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 300

people-households with a yearly consumption of 20,000 kilo-

watt hours of natural gas each. applied as biofuel, 287,000 natu-

ral gas-dedicated vehicles with a mileage of 20,000 kilometers

per year might be supplied with biomethane.

The plants which have already been erected or are currently in

the development or construction stage cover the entire Federal

republic of Germany. While Brandenburg is leading in terms

of feed-in capacity the state of Lower saxony currently exhibits

the most stable growth in terms of the number of projects and

is likely to keep this leading role also in the near future. a strong

growth is furthermore expected for the states of Bavaria and

saxony until the end of 2012.

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Dannenberg Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 200Dargun No information Construction 2011 1,140Darmstadt-Wixhausen Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2008 150Dorsten Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2011 1,300Drögennindorf Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 250Ebsdorfergrund Amine Scrubbing Construction 2012 500Eggertshofen bei Freising Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 220Eggolsheim No information Planned 2011 400Eich in Kallmünz No information Operating 2011 600Eimbeckhausen No information Planned 2011 350Einbeck Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 500Erdeborn No information Planned 2013 350Ettlingen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 330Feldberg Pressure Swing Adsorption Planned 2012 350Forchheim im Breisgau BiogasUpgrader Operating 2010 530Forst (Lausitz) No information Planned 2011 1,350Fürth/Seckendorf Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2011 800Gangkofen Pressure Swing Adsorption Planned 2011 350Güterglück Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2009 650Godenstedt Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 300Gollhofen-Ippesheim No information Construction 2011 620Graben/Lechfeld Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 500Grabsleben Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 350Gröden Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 250Groß Kelle Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 270Guben No information Planned 2011 750Güstrow Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2009 5,000Hahnennest BiogasUpgrader Planned 2011 350

Haldensleben Amine Scrubbing Planned 2013 700Hamburg Amine Scrubbing Operating 2011 300Hankensbüttel No information Planned 2011 350Hardegsen Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 500Heidenau Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 380Heitersheim/Breisgau No information Planned 2012 500Hellerwald / Boppard No information Planned 2011 680Holleben II Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2011 700Homburg/Efze No information Operating 2010 350




Horn - Bad Meinberg Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 1,000Industriepark Höchst No information Construction 2011 1,000Jürgenshagen Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 380Karft Amine Scrubbing Planned 2011 550Kerpen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2009 550Ketzin Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 200Kißlegg-Rahmhaus Membrane Technology Operating 2010 300Kleinlüder bei Fulda No information Construction 2012 280Klein Schulzendorf Pressure Swing Adsorption Planned 2011 350Klein Wanzleben No information Construction 2012 700Könnern 1 Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2007 650Könnern 2 Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 1,500Lüchow Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2009 650Malstedt Amine Scrubbing Operating 2011 370Maihingen Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2008 560Marienthal Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 380Marktoffingen Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2012 350Merzig BiogasUpgrader Operating 2011 550Müden/Aller Amine Scrubbing Planned 2011 350Mühlacker Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2007 500Neukammer 2 No information Operating 2010 1,050Neuss am Niederrhein Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 160Neu-Ulrichstein No information on hold 460Niederndodeleben Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2009 650Oberriexingen Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 380Oschatz Pressure Swing Adsorption Construction 2011 700Ottersberg Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2012 650Palmersheim-Euskirchen BiogasUpgrader Operating 2011 350Pliening Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2006 480Pohlsche Heide Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2010 350Rathenow BiogasUpgrader Operating 2009 520Rätzlingen No information Planned 2012 380Rhede Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 500Röblingen am See Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2012 650Ronnenberg BiogasUpgrader Operating 2008 300Rosche Amine Scrubbing Planned 2012 380Roßwein/Haßlau No information Construction 2011 700

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Table: Projects for the upgrade and feed-in of biogas into the natural gas grid (Status: July 2011). A regularly updated overview can be found on

www.biogaspartner.com.


Sachsendorf Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2011 350Sagard (Rügen) No information Planned 2011 660Schöpstal BiogasUpgrader Construction 2011 700Schuby Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2011 1,000Schwandorf II Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 1,000Schwarme Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2012 350Schwedt Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 3,500Schwedt (2. Ausbaustufe) Amine Scrubbing Construction 2012 3,500Schwedt (Neuer Hafen) Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 700Seehausen Amine Scrubbing Planned 2013 700Semd (Groß Umstadt) Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 210Sittensen Amine Scrubbing Planned 2011 770Staßfurt (vorher Glöthe) Amine Scrubbing Planned 2013 350Straelen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2006 550Stresow Pressurised Water Scrubbing Construction 2011 650Südlohn No information Planned 2012 750Tangstedt/Bützberg No information Planned 2011 350Tuningen Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 250Unsleben Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 350Werlte Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2007 340Wetschen Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 700Willingshausen/Ransbach Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 350Wittenburg No information Planned 2011 350Wolnzach (Hallertau) No information Construction 2011 1,000Wriezen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2011 650Wunstorf No information Planned 2013 350Wüsting No information Operating 2009 700Zeven Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 120Zittau No information Construction 2012 550Zörbig Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 2,500Zörbig II Amine Scrubbing Construction 2012 2,500Zschornewitz No information Planned 2011 700Zülpich Pressurised Water Scrubbing Planned 2011 350



Due to the diverse amendments to the legal framework in

Germany (see page 22), a significant plant growth expansion is

expected in the medium term.

Three demand markets are relevant for the application of

biomethane in Germany:

Biomethane for power generation (in cogeneration mode)

Biomethane for admixing products (in blends with natural

gas)

Biomethane for transport application as biofuel

Biomethane.for.power.generation.in.cogeneration.

In order to achieve the best-possible positive impact on the con-

servation of our climate, the legislation of the German Federal

Government is aimed at the application of biogas fed-in for

combined heat and power generation. The main instrument for

this is the renewable Energy sources act (EEG), which explicitly

includes power generation from fed-in biomethane and sup-

ports it by means of the technology bonus.

In the medium term, the EEG market is viewed as the leading

market for biomethane, since based on state-guaranteed tariffs,

security and stability can be offered to private investors for 20

years. a remaining risk factor is the development of substrate

prices, which could not be compensated due to the fixed tariff

system and might directly affect business revenues.

Biomethane.as.admixing.product.

Biomethane as an admixing product in combination with fossil

natural gas is already offered by some gas suppliers in admix-

ing quotas ranging from 5 to 30 per cent. The latter quota is

especially common in Baden-Württemberg, where customers

thus can fulfill the requirements of the renewable Heat Law

Baden-Württemberg. In contrast to the nationally effective

EEWärmeG, which only calls for the utilisation of biomethane

in exceptional cases, and only if used in a cogeneration process,

the Heat Law of the state of Baden-Württemberg also allows the

application in exclusive heat generation.

other federal states are contemplating the implementation of

similar regulations. Due to the existing infrastructure of the

gas grid and the existing gas heating system, a sginificant Co2

reduction could thus be achieved in the short term.

There is also a trend toward a growing demand in national bio-

methane product sales. similar to “green power” offers in the

power sector, German private end customers increasingly show

a readiness to pay an eco premium for biomethane admixing

products. various municipal utilities and nationwide gas sup-

ply companies have developed and implemented such green

gas products.

Biomethane.application.as.biofuel.

as a substitute to natural gas, biomethane can be used to fuel

natural gas-dedicated vehicles. By means of gas grid feed-in,

it can be distributed to the German gas station network and

substitute fossil fuels.

Compared to other biofuels, even those of the second genera-

tion like biomass-to-liquid (BtL), biomethane is a highly effec-

tive biofuel with a high specific cropland yield. Therefore, from

an economic and technological point of view, it is one of the

most promising alternatives to sustainably apply biomass in the

vehicle sector. However, the demand in this sector is very much

dependent on the development of the natural gas-dedicated

vehicle market. Currently, there are about 90,000 natural gas

vehicles in Germany. so for the application of biomethane, the

biofuel market is merely a niche market under the current con-

ditions. Due to the changes in the biofuel quota regulation from

june 2009, however, a new impetus for this sales market is to be

expected: biomethane can now be counted in context with the

biofuel quota goals of the German Federal Government.

13


Figure: Geographical distribution of biomethane plants in Germany and (expected) start of operation.

Kiel

SchwerinHamburg

Bremen

Hannover

Magdeburg Potsdam

Berlin

DresdenErfurt

Düsseldorf

Wiesbaden

Mainz

Stuttgart

München

Saarbrücken

1 Aiterhofen / Niederbayern2 Altenstadt Schongau3 Angermünde/Schmargendorf4 Arnschwang5 Blaufelden - Emmertsbühl6 Bruchhausen-Vilsen7 Burgrieden (bei Laupheim)8 Dannenberg 9 Darmstadt-Wixhausen10 Drögennindorf11 Eggertshofen bei Freising12 Eich in Kallmünz13 Einbeck14 Ettlingen

15 Forchheim im Breisgau16 Güterglück17 Godenstedt18 Graben/Lechfeld19 Grabsleben20 Güstrow21 Hamburg22 Hardegsen23 Homburg/Efze24 Horn – Bad Meinberg25 Kerpen26 Ketzin27 Kißlegg-Rahmhaus28 Könnern 1

29 Könnern 230 Lanken/ Wotersen31 Lüchow32 Malstedt33 Maihingen34 Merzig35 Mühlacker36 Neukammer 237 Neuss am Niederrhein38 Niederndodeleben39 Palmersheim-Euskirchen40 Pliening41 Pohlsche Heide42 Rathenow43 Rhede

44 Ronnenberg45 Schwandorf II46 Schwedt47 Semd (Groß Umstadt)48 Straelen49 Tuningen50 Unsleben51 Werlte52 Wetschen53 Willingshausen/Ransbach54 Wriezen55 Wüsting56 Zeven57 Zörbig

1

215

3

20

36

46

4254

26

573828

2916

19

23

53

4

5

9

7

27

6

52

810

32

5655

31

4441

24

43

51

17

11

12

13 22

48

37 25

39

47

34

35

49

50

4533

19 40

14

21 30



Bergheim-Paffendorf

Country Germany

State North Rhine-Westphalia

Location Bergheim/Paffendorf

Start of Operation 2012

Biomethane Feed-in Capacity

600 Nm3/h

Feed-in Capacity 46 million kWh p. a.

Upgrade Process No information

Produced Gas Quality Natural Gas L

Pressure Level No information

Raw Material 45,000 t maize and silage (rye, barley)

Investment approx. € 10 million

2.2.Project.examples.

The rWE Innogy plant in Bergheim/Passendorf, near Cologne,

will feed biomethane into the natural gas grid at a rate of 600

normal cubic meters per hour. Within a year of its opening, it

will feed 46 million kWh of biogas energy into the grid. The

plant’s feedstocks will be corn silage and cereal plants. rWE

Innogy also plans to use other substrates, e.g. liquid manure or

sugar beet.

Local farms will provide the 45,000 tons of feedstock plants

required by the facility each year. The total investment volume

in the plant is 10 million Euros.

The project is currently under development. Construction

started in 2009, and operation should begin by the course of

2012. a similar facility is in operation since 2009 in Güterglück

in Eastern Germany.

The altenstadt biogas plant started operation in 2001.

In 2009, the CHP plant on site was put out of service; ever since

the biogas is upgraded and fed into the gas grid. 33,000 t of or-

ganic waste are turned into biogas in the plant each year, such

as expired food,cheese and dairy residues, slaughterhouse and

organic waste. The raw material is processed in 8 fermenters

with an overall capacity of 7,700 m3 biogas.

all of the biogas produced is fed into the distribution grid of

schwaben netz gmbh. a calorific value boiler operated with

biomethane generates heat necessary for the fermenter heat-

ing.

a natural gas station was erected on the biogas plant site to

supply company vehicles with biomethane. since biogas based

on organic waste can be offered at comparatively low prices,

it is applicable not only for cogeneration of heat and power

utilisation, but also for heating purposes. erdgas schwaben

offers two products: Bio 100 and Bio 20. Heat customers thus

can be provided with 100 per cent or 20 per cent climate-friend-

ly biomethane. erdgas schwaben uses biomethane for her own

heat demand coverage. all CHP plants run by erdgas schwaben

are also supplied with biomethane.

The Altenstadt / Schongau project won the „Biogas partnership of

the Year“ award presented by the German Energy Agency in 2009.

Altenstadt/Schongau

Country Germany

State Bavaria

Location Altenstadt/Schongau



690 Nm3/h


Upgrade Process Pressurised Water Scrubbing

Produced Gas Quality Natural Gas H

Pressure Level 4 bar

Raw Material 33.000 t/a organic waste

15


Darmstadt-Wixhausen

Country Germany

State Hesse

Location Darmstadt-Wixhausen

Start of Operation April 2008


148 Nm3/h





Raw Material 12,550 t renewable raw materials

Investment approx. € 3.5 million

In april 2008, Hesse’s first biogas facility began operating. The

€3.5 million installation in Darmstadt-Wixhausen upgrades

about 300 m3 of biogas to natural gas quality per hour. It pro-

cesses and injects about 2.5 million m3 of biogas into the natural

gas grid per year – enough to supply about 650 one-family

households with biomethane.

Biogas.upgrade.plant.in.Darmstadt-Wixhausen.

The engineering supporting this Hessian pilot project is the

work of biogas firm ÖKoBiT GmbH. The plant’s upgrading unit

employs a high pressure washer. The plant’s dimensioning and

feed-in mechanisms were tailored to the realities (dense popula-

tion and limited arable land) of the surrounding area. as a result

of this innovative effort, high plant outputs are possible despite

relatively low feedstock loads.

Each year, farmers from the region provide the biogas plant

with 12,550 tons of renewable plant resources – in particular

corn stover, rye pellets and liquid manure. These resources

generate raw biogas for the installation at an output of 200 m3

per ton.

Biogas.Pool.1.for.Utilities.

Country Germany

State Lower Saxony

Location Bruchhausen-Vilsen and Malstedt



in total: 1.400 Nm3/h

Feed-in Capacity in total 132 Mio. kWh/a

Upgrade Process Pressureless Amine Scrubbing

Gas Quality Produced Natural Gas H and L

Pressure Level 1 bar or 70 bar (depending on site)

Raw Material Maize, manure

The „Biogas Pool 1 for Utilities“ is a business model developed

by arCanUM Energy from Unna. It is an innovative alternative

to other business cases in the biomethane market. The “Biogas

Pool” provides utilities with long-standing access to biogas

without having to produce raw gas themselves. The investment

is carried out by farmers willing to thus diversify their income

base by producing energy. The farmers guarantee long-stand-

ing substrate supply and operate the biogas plants in which the

raw biogas is produced. a clear interface is defined between raw

gas production and gas upgrade.

By means of founding a “Biogas Pool” several utilities jointly

invest in the upgrade and feed-in of the gas. The synergies thus

generated allow for an efficient use of biogas at minimum risk.

The pooling effect enables flexible, individual biogas quantity

supply. The business case offers a high level of planning and

financing security due to the clearly defined and fair raw biogas

supply.



Güstrow

Country Germany

State Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

Location Güstrow



5,000 Nm3/h





Raw Material Renewable raw material


about 40 kilometers south of rostock, developers built

Germany’s currently largest biogas feed-in project. The Güstrow

site produces 10,000 cubic meters of biogas per hour. renew-

able resources serve as the plant’s primary input, and about

8,000 hectares of arable land are required to meet its annual

needs. The facility feeds about 5,000 normal cubic meters of up-

graded biogas into the gas grid each hour. The main purchaser

is the vnG aG.

When fed into the natural gas grid, the biomethane produced

at the cogenerating Güstrow facility can supply Germany with

about 160 million kWh of power and 180 million kWh of heat

each year. The biomass remaining in the byproducts of the

fermented feedstocks is pressed and concentrated in a sophisti-

cated filter unit to become liquid fertilizer, which in turn is used

in the local agriculture.

Waste heat generated at the facility is used in the biogas

upgrader, the fermenter, the liquid manure sanitiser, and,

naturally, the fermentation byproduct dryer. all remaining

fermentation byproducts are concentrated into liquid fertilizer

and sold on the market.

Homberg.(Efze)

Country Germany

State Hessia

Location Homberg (Efze)



350 Nm3 p.a.

Feed-in Capacity 30 Mio. kWh p.a.


Gas Quality Produced Natural Gas H


Raw Material 24.000 t/a maize, 14.000 t/a manure; 4.500 t/a grass silage

Investment € 8,5 million

The biogas plant runs exclusively on raw material. This consists

mainly of maize as well as farm fertilizer (manure, dung). More

than 30 per cent of the input is manure, ensuring that the

majority of the regional farm fertilizer is put to additional use as

energy production source.

The raw material is subject to strict crop rotation and is pro-

duced by farmers owning shares in the Biogasgesellschaft

Biogas Homberg GmbH & Co. KG organisation. Thereby, long-

standing supply security as well as raw material quality are

ensured.

Compression lost heat of the pressurised water scrubbing and

lost heat generated in the CHP plant is used to cover heat peaks

in the fermenter. The power used in the operation of the pres-

surised water scrubbing is supplied by städtische Werke aG and

is produced from renewable sources (hydro power).

The biomethane is used by städtische Werke aG to feed it into

the public gas grid. The energy supply company from Kassel

transports the biomethane and utilizes it in CHP plants where

the heat is used all year round, such as in public swimming

pools, hospitals or industrial production sites.

17


Kißlegg-Rahmhaus

Country Germany

State Baden-Württemberg

Location Kißlegg-Rahmhaus



330 Nm3/h


Upgrade Process Membrane Technology



Raw Material Biogenous residues, food residues, expired food

Investment € 2,8 million

Raw.material.production.and.logistics.

Kißlegg-rahmhaus runs on food products unfit for consump-

tion, such as food residues and expired food. only material in

compliance with the Biomass ordinance are used in the plant,

supplied by the local Brv company.

The substrate is subject to a conventional upgrading process for

bio waste, in the course of which they are dried, split up, sani-

tized and finally digested to generate methane. The methane

concentration of the raw biogas mixture reaches up to 60 – 70

per cent. The substrate is either available in the direct vicinity

or transported to the plant. The raw biogas thus produced is

transported in a pipeline to the gas upgrade unit.

Facility.and.technical.data.

The biogas plant, which exists since the mid-1990ies, utilizes

about 17,000 t of residues each year. The fermenters and second

step digesters are partly underground. Before the gas upgrade

unit was installed, the raw biogas was put to use in several CHP-

modules with an overall electrical performance of about 1 MWel.

The generated heat (approximately 2 MWth) could only in part

be used for heating purposes on site.

The raw biogas passes through an upgrade process with the fol-

lowing process steps: drying, desulphurisation, gas cleaning.

During gas cleaning, the raw biogas is separated into a high-

methane product gas stream and high-Co2-waste gas stream.

The waste gas stream is led to a reburning unit (e-flox) to

oxidate the remaining methane. The waste heat generated in

the course of this process is utilized in the biogas production

process (fermenter heating).

For the first time in Germany, the plant uses membrane technol-

ogy in order to separate carbon dioxide from the raw biogas.

Used at a high pressure level, only the Co2-molecules pass the

membrane polymers, while the membrane is concentrated in

the product gas stream. Based on a two-step membrane separa-

tion process, methane concentration in the waste gas stream

and thus the potential heat capacity may be forecasted in detail.

Biomethane.use.and.marketing..

With the help of a compressor, the biomethane is fed into the

Pn70-high pressure pipeline of Thüga Energienetze. since the

flow path is consistent at the feed-in point, a new calorific value

area was created in accordance with calibrating authorities. no

extra conditioning is therefore necessary.

The biomethane is used in all application fields (heat market,

CHP, biofuel). Currently, Thüga Energie supplies gas and heat

clients with biomethane admixing products, 100-per cent

biomethane clients as well as industrial customers and natural

gas stations. some quantities are sold via whole sale.

The.cooperation.model.of.the.project.partners..

Brv provides the site for the upgrading plant and delivers raw

biogas to Thüga Energie, which in turn is responsible for the

upgrade to natural gas quality, the feed-in into the gas grid and

the marketing risk. Thüga Energienetze built and now oper-

ates the grid access unit, including the feed-in compressors and

also operators the upgrade plant as a subcontractor to Thüga

Energie.

Involvement.of.external.stakeholders..

Brv has been producing biogas from residues for more than 15

years. Thus, the site offered both long-standing operating expe-

rience on the upgrade of residues as well as great potential for

optimization in terms of heat utilization. The planning phase

included both permit authorities as well as state energy authori-

ties. Whenever milestones in the planning stage were reached

(contract signature, groundbreaking ceremony, inauguration)

info events were held to inform press and general public.

The Kißlegg-Rahmhaus project was awared a special award for

innovative membrane technology in the “Biogaspartnership of the

Year 2010” awards.



Könnern.I

Country Germany

State Saxony-Anhalt

Location Könnern



650 Nm3/h





Raw Material 35,000 t corn silage + 15,000 t liquid manure + 1,500 t crop


The biogas upgrading facility is located at Könnern near Halle.

The installation, which went into operation on December 12,

2007, processes 51,500 tons of raw feedstock each year, of which

35,000 tons are corn silage, 15,000 tons liquid manure, and

1,500 tons corn. Trucks and farm vehicles deliver the plant’s

fermentation feedstocks. In total, the plant will process and feed

42 million kWh of biomethane into the natural gas grid. The

plant’s fermentation residues serve as liquid fertilizer.

agri.capital GmbH is the facility’s operator. EnviTec Biogas aG

provided engineering services for the plant, which uses a Pres-

surized Water scrubbing upgrading unit.

In order to raise the biomethane’s heat value – from 10.5 kWh

per normal cubic meter (nm3) to 11.45 kWh/nm3, the value

required for feed-in to the natural gas H (high gas) grid, plant

operators mix liquid gas into the biomethane.

The upgraded biomethane is fed into the natural gas grid

roughly 200 meters from the facility. It is sold on the market

to cogeneration facility operators, private homeowners, and

methane tank filling stations.

Könnern.II

Country Germany

State Saxony-Anhalt

Location Könnern



1,500 Nm3/h


Upgrade Process Amine Scrubbing



Raw Material 135,000 t renewable primary sources, 40,000 t manure

Investment € 35 million

The substratum in the Könnern II plant consists exclusively of

renewable primary sources according to the definition provid-

ed by the renewable Energy sources act. The actual substratum

may vary throughout the year due to price changes. The key

substance, however, is maize silage, secured in long-lasting sup-

ply contracts with local farmers.

There is an ensilage storage on site for all of the substratum.

The production of the entire feedstock is carried out by farmers

in the near vicinity. Inconveniences for neighbors are thus

reduced to the short time span of the harvest.

The biogas production consists of 4 modules with 4 ferment-

ers at 3,040 m3 volume each. Gas upgrade is facilitated with an

amine scrubbing with a maximum capacity of 3,333 nm3 raw

gas. The upgrading degree reaches 98 per cent at minimum

methane loss. Project development was supervised by WELtec

BioPower GmbH.

100 per cent of the biomethane produced is fed into the natural

gas grid of MITGas and is marketed by E.on ruhrgas aG in the

heat sector, at natural gas stations as well as in CHP plants.

19


Maihingen

Country Germany

State Bavaria

Location Maihingen



560 Nm3/h





Raw Material Maize silage 25,000 t/a, clover-grass 7,000 t/a, grass 4,000 t/a, corn full plant silage 7,000 t/a

The first development level of the biogas facility in Maihingen

was achieved in 1999. The performance of the facility is approx.

237 m3/h. In 2004, the facility was expanded by another fer-

menter with a performance of 375 m3/h. The final expansion of

the biogas generation plant was in 2008 with a fermenter which

generates approx. 500 m3/h of raw biogas. The biogas genera-

tion facility is operated by local farmers.

Maihingen.processing.plant..

erdgas schwaben gmbh installed and operates the processing

and feeding plant. Water scrubbing was used for processing.

The natural biogas leaves the water scrubber at a pressure of

approx. 6 bar and a heating value of 10.7 kWh/m3. The heating

value needs to be raised with liquefied gas. For feeding into the

natural gas grid, a 4 km gas pipeline had to be laid from the

processing plant to the feeding-in point. The natural biogas is

fed into a gas grid (DP 10). The operating pressure in the gas grid

is approx. 6 bar. no compressor is required at the location of the

processing plant; only in the summer months does part of the

natural biogas need to be fed into the upstream grid (DP 67.5)

via a compressor station.

The waste gas from the water scrubber contains remains of

methane and hydrogen sulphide. They are reprocessed with

thermal oxidation.

Rathenow

Country Germany

State Brandenburg

Location Rathenow-Heidefeld



520 Nm3/h


Upgrade Process BiogasUpgrader


Pressure Level 8–9 bar (PN 16 bar)

Raw Material 40,000 t corn and crop silage


The rathenow plant is the first of up to 10 biogas plants with

upgrade and feed-in units planned by GasaG Berliner Gaswerke

aG and its affilitated companies united in Erdgas Mark

Brandenburg GmbH until 2015. Currently, 2 further plants are

in the planning stage.

The plant’s projected annual biomethane production –

44 mil lion kWh – will require the input of 40,000 tons of

feed stock each year. These feedstocks will likely include rye and

corn silage and cereal grains, as well as liquid cow and pig

manure. an expected 1,000 hectares of cultivated land will be

necessary for the production of these energy crops.

The total cost of the facility amounts to about 9 million Euros.

The upgrading plant was built by HaasE Energietechnik aG &

Co. KG.

Beginning in 2009, the plant is feeding biomethane into the

regional EMB (Erdgas Mark Brandenburg) grid. according to

current projections, it will also deliver 23 million kWh of

biomethane to GasaG’s thirteen natural gas tank filling

stations – the equivalent of about one-third of these stations’

72 million kWh in annual output. other biomethane users will

include city power plant operators, who plan to burn the

biomethane in their cogeneration units, and private customers

interested in using this new environmentally friendly gas

product.



Rhede

Country Germany

State North Rhine-Westphalia

Location Rhede


Biomethan Feed-in Capacity

590 Nm3/h


Upgrade Process Amine Scrubbing


Pressure Level 900 mbar

Raw Material Mostly cow manure and glycerine

Investment about € 1,5 million (gas upgrade unit only)

Raw.material.production.and.logistics.

The substrate basis for the biogas production consists of three

major components. a great part is cow manure, generated

in the agricultural unit on-site. The biggest share stems from

glycerine, which is generated in the close-by süderlohn as by-

product of bio diesel production. The glycerine supply is carried

out by tank vehicles. From these, they are directly pumped into

collection containers. The substrate is there transported only for

short distances and arrives with a high energy density level. The

digestate is used both on fields near-by, which in turn are used

to produce maize for cattle and maize for the agricultural distill-

ery. The mash left over from distillery processes is then in turn

used as animal feed, guaranteeing that the biogas plant is fully

integrated into the raw material and nutrient cycle.

Facility.and.technical.data.

The rhede plant, built in 1980 on the Wenning family farm,

was one of the first industrial biogas plants in Germany. It has

been expanded in several steps and currently amounts to 5,500

nm3 fermenting volume. The amendment of the gas grid ac-

cess ordinance in 2008 offered the chance to upgrade the gas

and feed it into the natural gas grid. The partners developed a

concept which aims at feeding the gas into the local medium

pressure gas grid operated by rhede utilities. amine scrubbing

technology by CIrMaC is used to upgrade the gas. In compari-

son to other possible technologies, amine scrubbing offered less

power consumption in the rhede case. The waste heat gener-

ated during the upgrade process is used in the biogas plant, as

well as on the farm and in the residential houses.

Biomethane.use.and.marketing..

In comparison to the plant’s potential, the farm’s heat demand

was relatively low. Efficiency increase by gas grid feed-in there-

fore was the main motivation. The CHP plants remain on site

and will be used in case of technology breakdown, so that no gas

is merely flared at any point in time.

E.on Bioerdgas GmbH buys the biomethane produced in rhede

and brings it to market via the E.on group. Thus, the Wenning

family can concentrate on plant operation and raw material

supply, while all issues of marketing and sales are taken care of

by an experienced partner.

The.cooperation.model.of.the.project.partners..

The rhede utilities have taken great care to include the local

press in the planning phase of the project, so that the inhabit-

ants of rhede were at all times well informed on the biogas

grid feed-in activities. also, almost all project partners come

from the rhede region. The upgrade plant was constructed by

CIrMaC from the Dutch apeldoorn. Despite the international

touch, the project partner is only about 50 kilometres away.

Furthermore, local mechanics and craftsmen were used for the

plant construction.

The Rhede biomethane plant was awarded the „Biogaspartnership

of the Year“ award in 2010.

21


Schwandorf

Country Germany

State Bavaria

Location Schwandorf – Bayernwerk Industrial Estate



1,060 Nm3/h

Feed-in Capacity approx. 100 million kWh p. a.

Upgrade Process Pressure Swing Adsorption



Raw Material approx. 80,000 t/a of maize, grass and full-plant silage (e.g. rye, barley, millet, rye grass)

Investment € 18 million

only renewable raw materials are used at the schwandorf

biogas facility. Due to the long-standing fruit sequence concept,

biodiversity is increased. The catch crops also have agricultural

benefits, e.g. the humus creation is promoted, infestation with

pests limited and nitrous oxide emissions avoided. The use of

grass provides agriculture with a lucrative source of income.

The use of liquids, such as water or liquid manure, is not neces-

sary. This has the benefit that no additional transport is required

to the facility, which means that less fermentation material is

stored which ultimately needs to be removed.

The biomass is grown all around the location in the Bayern-

werk Industrial Estate by approx. 180 farmers who have joined

forces in a supply association. schmack Biogas aG advises the

farmers and suppliers as regards agriculture, sowing and plant

selection. The harvest is carried out by regional subcontractors,

while the logistics is coordinated by employees of schmack Bio-

gas aG. The fermentation residue is transported as high-quality

fertiliser both in solid and liquid form via external service pro-

viders to the suppliers’ land.

100 per cent of the biomethane is fed into the natural gas grid of

E.on Bayern. The use is then conducted in local block heating

stations of E.on , which also takes care of marketing the heat in

the relevant heat sinks.

The Schwandorf project won a special award at the “Biogas part-

nership of 2008” awards. At that point in time, the facility was the

largest in Germany with a feed-in capacity of 1,000 Nm3/h.

Ronnenberg

Country Germany

State Lower Saxony

Location Ronnenberg



350 Nm3/h

Feed-in Capacity approx. 28 million kWh p. a.

Upgrade Process BiogasUpgrader

Produced Gas Quality Natural Gas L


Raw Material approx. 22,000 t/a of maize silage, wheat


Five farmers from the area of ronnenberg jointly established

Biogas ronnenberg GmbH & Co. KG, in short “Biro”. The farm-

ers all have made equal contribution of 20% to the investment

costs and substrate supply. The facility runs on maize silage. as

an addition, grain of wheat and maize are fed-in.

The biogas facility was made by the manufacturer MT-Energie

GmbH. It consists of two fermenters with a diameter of 26 m, a

downstream fermenter and end storage with a diameter of 30 m

each. all containers are 7 m high and fitted with a gas storage

ceiling. Usually approx. 60t of maize silage and currently an

additional 2t of wheat are fed into two solid matter entries per

day. The biogas facility generates up to 650 m3 of raw biogas per

hour with a methane content of approx. 52 per cent. Biro sells

the raw biogas at a defined interface to stadtwerke Hannover

aG. The upgrade technology is provided by Haase Energietech-

nik aG & Co. KG.

The biomethane is fed into the natural gas grid of enercity

netzgesellschaft (enG) in ronnenberg (0.8 bar) via connection

line (2 bar) of approx. 2.5 km in length. From here it is transport-

ed to CHP locations in the city limits of Hanover, where it is con-

verted to power and heat at heat customers. Until sufficient CHP

purchase capacity has been developed, part of the biomethane

will be sold in the market.

The Ronnenberg project won the “Biogas partnership of 2008”

award.



2.3.Political.framework.for.biogas.injection.in.Germany.

In context with the implementation of the Integrated Energy

and Climate Programme of august 23, 2007 by the German

Federal Government, the general conditions for biogas

upgrade and feed-in were reviewed and amended. In the Gas

network access ordinance, effective from april 12, 2008, in

article § 31) the target has been defined: By 2020, 60 billion kWh

of biomethane are to be fed into the gas grid each year, and by

2030 100 billion kWh of biomethane each year.

since upgraded and fed-in biomethane is currently not on a

competetive basis with natural gas, the goverment employs var-

ious measures and support schemes to develop demand in the

markets. next to its application in the heat market, biomethane

is also used for combined heat and power as well as in natural

gas-dedicated vehicles.

Due to the diverse stages along the value chain and different

processes, many diverse regulations are employed to promote

the injection of biogas in Germany. The most important ones

are highlighted in the following chapter.

Biomass.Ordinance.(BiomasseV).

Effective since 2001, the Biomass ordinance directs the ap-

plication of the renewable Energy sources act (EEG )and sets

guidelines on which materials are biomass, which technologies

for power generation from biomass are within the scope of ap-

plication of the EEG, and which environment requirements are

to be obeyed when generating power from biomass.

Biomasses, according to the biomass regulation, are energy

sources from phyto- and zoo-mass. This also includes secondary

and by-products, residues and waste whose energy content is

made up of phyto- and zoo-mass.

The definition of biomass in Paragraph 2 (3) nr. 5 also includes

biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation. Excluded, how-

ever, is biogas which has been produced from the following

material (according to Paragraph 3 nr. 3, 7, 9):

mixed settlement waste from private households

mud and sediments

next to the application of biomass according to this regulation,

the renewable Energy sources act also allows the utilisation of

other biomasses. For the portion of power generated from other

biomasses, however, no state-guaranteed feed-in tariffs can be

claimed. The portion of this other biomass used must be proven

with the help of a charge material diary produced by the plant

operator.

Renewable.Energy.Sources.Act.(EEG)..

The renewable Energy sources act first became effective on

april 1, 2000. It has been amended in 2004 and 2009. The latest

amended act (EEG 2012) passed the Federal assembly on july 8,

2011 and will become effective on january 1st, 2012.

The following information refers to the EEG 2009 which is ef-

fective throughout 2011. news on the EEG 2012 can be found on


The main purposes of the EEG are the protection of our climate,

a sustainable energy supply, a minimisation of the economic

costs of energy supply, the protection of fossil resources and the

further development of renewable power generation technolo-

gies. In this context, the per centage of renewable energies in

power supplies is to be raised to 30 per cent by 2020. To achieve

this goal, the EEG gives plants generating power from renew-

able energy sources priority to the public power grids. also, it

regulates preferred sales and transmission as well as a guaran-

teed feed-in tariff. The feed-in tariff depends on the technology.

23


next to biomass (biogas), hydropower, wind power and solar

power as well as disposal, sewage and mine gas are supported.

The tariffs are guaranteed from the beginning of the year in

which operations start and for the following 20 years according

to a fixed rate. Plants which start operation later are subject to

fewer tariffs each year according to a certain per centage rate

(so-called degression). In the case of biogas, this amounts to

1 per cent. Degression is supposed to encourage plant producers

to pass on to the customer any cost advantages due to techno-

logical innovations.

Biogas feed-in is supported by the EEG in the following way: Gas

taken from the grid is to be referred to as biomass if the amount

of this gas is the heat equivalent of the amount of biogas which

has been fed into the grid in a different place. The quantities

do not have to be balanced continuously at each given point

of time, but rather only at the end of each calendar year. The

power produced from this gas taken from the grid is then com-

pensated for by the EEG. Thus, biomethane can efficiently be

used in cogeneration plants, which are operated in places with

a significant heat demand.

With regard to biogas grid feed-in, the EEG 2009 defines,

among others, the following aspects:

Base Tariff for power, graduated according to the capacity

class from 150 kWel to 20 MWel from 11, 67 ct/kWh to

7,79 ct/kWh.

“NawaRo-bonus” for the use of renewable primary pro-

ducts of up to 7 ct/kWh.

Bonus for the use of cultivated biomass at 2 ct/kWh in

addition to the nawaro-Bonus if mainly residues or plant

particles from landscape conservation are used in the power

generation (certificate by an environmental expert neces-

sary).

Technology bonus

– 2 ct/kWh up to a maximum gas conditioning capacity of

350 nm3 conditioned raw gas per hour (at a plant capacity of

5 MW maximum)

– 1 ct/kWh up to a maximum gas conditioning capacity of

700 nm3 conditioned raw gas per hour (at a plant capacity of

5 MW maximum)

– For old plants also applying cogeneration (start of opera-

tion between april 2, 2004 and December 31, 2008), the

technology bonus remains at 2 ct/kWh up to 20 MW.

CHP bonus at 3 ct/kWh at a plant capacity of max. 20 MW.

Power generated in plants using gas fed into the gas grid (bio-

methane) is not applicable for the manure bonus.



Renewable.Energies.Heat.Act.(EEWärmeG)..

The renewable Energies Heat act (EEWärmeG) first became

effective on january 1, 2009 and was amended in May 2011.

according to this law, 14 per cent of the German heat demand

(final energy) is to be produced from renewable energy sources.

Crucial elements of the law are:

obligatory utilisation for new buildings

obligatory utilisation for existing official buildings

(role model)

Financial promotion

specific promotion of heating networks

Buildings erected after january 1, 2009 are obliged to employ

renewable energies for their heat supply. This obligation applies

to all owners (private, state, economy). Exempted are buildings

for which a building application or building listing has been is-

sued before january 1, 2009. all forms of renewable energies can

be used, also in combinations. When using biogas, the obliga-

tion is generally met if 30 per cent of the heat energy demand of

the respective house is covered by it. The biogas is to be used in a

cogeneration plant in this context. In the case of the utilisation

of gas taken from the gas grid, special requirements are binding

regarding the conditioning and feeding-in. Methane emissions

and power consumption must be abated “according to the best

available technology”. In case of methane emissions this is usu-

ally accepted if the gas quality requirements of the Gas Grid En-

try regulation (GasnZv) according to § 36 are met. The process

heat needed for conditioning and feed-in must furthermore be

produced from lost heat or renewable energy sources.

The next amendment to the EEWärmG is scheduled for the sum-

mer of 2012, to become effective in january 2013.

Gas.Network.Access.Ordinance.(GasNZV).

1. Preferred Network Access.

according to § 33,1 of the Gas network access ordinance (Ger-

man: Gasnetzzugangsverordnung, GasnZv), grid operators

on all pressure levels are obliged to grant preferred grid access

to plants which have put in a request. The grid access costs are

split between the grid operator (75 per cent) and the biometh-

ane supplier (25 per cent, a maxium of 250,000 €). according

to § 32,2 GasnZv, the grid access consists of the connecting

pipeline (up to 10 km), the gas pressure metering plant, the

compressor and the calibrated measurement plant. The grid

operator is the owner of the grid access and covers the costs of

maintenance and operation.

2. Preferred Network Entry.

according to § 34 GasnZv, grid operators are to grant prefer-

ence to biomethane transport clients when it comes to conclud-

ing entry and exit contracts, as long as these gases are compat-

ible with the grid.

The feed-in of biogas cannot, according to § 34 GasnZv, be

denied by the grid operator under the premise of an existing

capacity shortage. at the same time, the grid operator is obliged

to take all necessary and economically sensible measures to

ensure and optimise the admittance capacity of 96 per cent, at

least.

3. Extended Accounting Balance.

For biogas transport clients, the GasnZv provides special

regulations varying from part 7 in § 35 GasnZv on the extended

accounting balance in biogas accounting.

While for natural gas transport clients, the grid operator is

obliged to offer the free of charge opportunity to balance within

hourly tolerance boundaries of +/– 10 per cent, he is, in the case

of biomethane, obliged to offer a flexibility of up to 25 per cent.

This flexibility applies to the specific biogas accounting time

25


span of 12 months. Within this accounting time span, the flex-

ibility is applied to the accumulated difference of the quantity

fed in and the quantity discharged. The balancing of the quanti-

ties is as exact as the algebraic sign to achieve the intended

support of the feed-in of biogas. For the use of the flexibility

actually applied, a fixed sum of 0.1 cent /kWh is to be paid to the

grid operator.

“DVGW”-Worksheets.

The worksheets published by the German Technical and

scientific association for Gas and Water (German: DvGW)

provide the overall requirements for gases in the public supply

grids. The basic guideline for the quality of gas from renewable

sources is DvGW worksheet G 262. If the gas is to be fed into

the public gas grid, it needs to meet the regulations of DvGW

worksheet G 260. The biomethane supplier is responsible for the

warranty of the gas compositions stated in the worksheets. The

GasnZv refers to worksheets G 260 and G 262.

DvGW guideline vP 265-1 provides detailed information on

minimum requirements for technical safety and summarises

all plants and components necessary for biogas utilization like

upgrade plant, conditioning, pressure setting, measurement

and gas grid feed-in as substitute gas.

DvGW- Data sheet G 415 (M) presents minimum requirements

for planning, construction and operation gas pipelines in which

raw biogas or partly upgraded biogas is transported.

DvGW sheet G 1030 defines requirements for technical safety

management systems (TsM) for biogas plants.

Biofuel.Quota.Ordinance.(Biokraft.QuG).

The Biofuel Quota ordinance was first implemented by the Ger-

man Federal Government in october 26, 2006. Its purpose is the

implementation and regulation of a biofuel admixing quota in

vehicle petrol and diesel. on january 1, 2007, it introduced, for

the first time, a minimum quota. at first, biomethane could not

be added to the fulfillment of this quota. In the amendment of

june 18, 2009, however, biomethane was explicitly added to this

list of compatible biofuels as a substitute for bioethanol.

Biofuel.Sustainability.Ordiance.(Biokraft-NachV)...

The Biofuel sustainability ordinance was implemented on

september 30th, 2009. Together with its sister act regarding

the sustainable production of liquid biofuels for electricity, the

ordinance answers the demands of the EU directive. It ensures

that in the course of biofuel production such as biomethane,

binding eceological and social sustainability criteria are met.

The ordinance also ensures that only sustainable biomass may

be financially supported or be counted towards renewable

energy targets.

The.German.Biogas.Register..

The purpose of the German Biogas register is to provide a stand-

ardized and simplified tool for biomethane proof of origin and

quality. dena has developed the system together with 14 leading

market actors, among them many biogaspartner project part-

ners. The IT-based system has started operation in February 2011

and is led by dena. In the course of development, documenta-

tion and certification of biogas feed-in tariffs or other incentives

have been standardized for the first time. Further information

can be found on www.biogasregister.de.


Market.Development.in.Europe.

Market Development in Europe.

3.1.Market.development.

The upgrade and feed-in of biomethane into the natural gas

grid is currently not subject to a consistent European standard.

The parameters and basic conditions were first defined by Direc-

tive 2003/55/EC on the European natural gas single market and

were further detailed in Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion

of the use of energy from renewable sources by the European

Parliament and the European Council of april 23, 2009. article

16 on grid access and grid operation states:

(7) … Member States shall ensure that the charging of transmission

and distribution tariffs does not discriminate against gas from

renewable energy sources.

(9) Where relevant, Member States shall assess the need to extend

existing gas network infrastructure to facilitate the integration of

gas from renewable energy sources.

(10) Where relevant, Member States shall require transmission sys-

tem operators and distribution system operators in their territory

to publish technical rules in line with Article 6 of Directive 2003/55/

EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2003

concerning the common rules for the internal market in natural

gas [21], in particular regarding network connection rules that

include gas quality, gas odoration and gas pressure requirements.

Member States shall also require transmission and distribution

system operators to publish the connection tariffs to connect re-

newable gas sources based on transparent and non-discriminatory

criteria.

as of mid 2011, not all European countries have implemented

regulations on the upgrade and feed-in of biogas. some Euro-

pean countries can nonetheless look back on decades of experi-

ence and know-how on the injection of biogas into natural gas

grids. Political framework and sometimes also incentives are

available not only in Germany, but also (e.g.) in France, Great

Britain, Luxembourg, the netherlands, austria, Poland, sweden

and switzerland.

27


Country Location Upgrade.Process Status Start.of.Operation

Biomethane.feed-in.capacity.[m3/h]

Great Britain Didcot Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 no information

Great Britain Southwold, Suffolk Cryo Technology Operating 2010 60

Luxembourg Kielen Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 350

Luxembourg Mondercange Amine Scrubbing Construction 2011 180

France Lille Marquette Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2009 55

France Lille Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2007 660

Netherlands Beverwijk Membrane Technology Operating 2006 80

Netherlands Bunschoten-Spakenburg Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 690

Netherlands Groningen Chemical Scrubbing Operating 2010 700

Netherlands Collendoorn Membrane Technology Operating 1990 25

Netherlands Mijdrecht Amine Scrubbing Operating 2009 40

Netherlands Nuenen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 1990 750

Netherlands Tilburg Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 1987 300

Netherlands Witteveen Membrane Technology Operating 2010 200

Netherlands Wjister Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 1989 500

Netherlands Zwolle Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 420

Norway Stavanger Chemical Scrubbing Operating 2009 270

Austria Asten/Linz Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2010 380

Austria Bruck an der Leitha Membrane Technology Operating 2007 100

Austria Engerwitzdorf Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 125

Austria Leoben Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 125

Austria Pucking Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2005 6

Austria Schwaighofen bei Eugendorf No information Operating 2008 18

Austria Wiener Neustadt Membrane Technology Operating 2011 120

Sweden Bjuv Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2007 300

Sweden Falkenberg Chemical Scrubbing Operating 2009 400

Sweden Göteborg Chemical Scrubbing Operating 2007 1000

Sweden Helsingborg Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2002 260

Sweden Helsingborg II Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 2008 50

Sweden Laholm Pressurised Water Scrubbing Operating 1999 300

Sweden Malmö Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 300

Switzerland Bern Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2007 160

Switzerland Emmen Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2005 41

Switzerland Inwil/Luzern No information Operating 2009 130

Switzerland Lavigny Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2009 80

Switzerland Meilen Amine Scrubbing Operating 2008 65

Switzerland Münchwilen Amine Scrubbing Operating 2011 280

Switzerland Pratteln Genosorb Operating 2006 165

Switzerland Roche Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2008 130

Switzerland Romanshorn Chemical Scrubbing Operating 2007 55

Switzerland Samstagern Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 1998 28

Switzerland Volketswil Amine Scrubbing Operating 2010 150

Switzerland Widnau Pressure Swing Adsorption Operating 2007 100

Table: Biomethane grid injection projects (Status: July 2011). For a regularly updated overview please refer to our English website




Figure: Application of upgrading technology in Europe.

While the German market for the upgrade and feed-in of biogas

is relatively young, the technologies for this special gas applica-

tion have been in use already for decades in other European

countries. according to recent research by the Fraunhofer

Institute for Wind Energy and Energy system Technology, more

than 135 biomethane plants are operating all over Europe. out

of these, according to the information available to the German

Energy agency, 99 feed biogas upgraded to local natural gas

quality into the grid by mid 2011.

Technology.for.the.upgrade.of.biogas.

regarding the total number of projects realized so far, chemical

water scrubbing and pressure swing adsorption technologies

are dominating the European market [see figure].

Membrane technology is currently in use only in the nether-

lands, austria and Germany. Lately, first plants have also been

connected to the grid in Great Britain. one of these plants oper-

ates on cryo technology which is still rather rare in the biogas

upgrade sector.

Pressure Swing Adsorption 27

Pressurized Water Scrubbing 22

Chemical Water Scrubbing 37

Membrane 6

Cryo technology 1

Others 6

29


Figure: Geographical distribution of biomethane plants in Europe with their start of operation.

CH

NL

SE

AT

Göteborg, 2006Falkenberg, 2009

Stavanger, 2009

Wjister, 1989

Zwolle, 2010Collendoorn, 1990

Bruck an der Leitha, 2007Leoben, 2010Asten/Linz, 2010

Pucking, 2005Engerwitzdorf, 2010Wiener Neustadt, 2011

Münchwilen, 2011Romanshorn, 2007Widnau, 2007

Nuenen, 1990

Lille, 2007 / Lille Marquette, 2009

Beverwijk, 2006Mijdrecht, 2009

Witteveen, 2010Groningen, 2010

Bunschofen-Spokenburg, 2010

Southwold, Suffolk, 2010

Didcot, 2010

Schwaighofen bei Eugendorf, 2008Pratteln, 2006

Meilen, 2008Samstagern, 1998

Inwil, 2009Emmen, 2005Lavigny, 2009

Roche, 2008Bern, 2007

Tilburg, 1987

Laholm, 2001 Bjuv, 2007 Helsingborg, 2002Helsingborg II, 2008Malmö, 2008

F

L

UK

NO

Kielen, 2010



Market.overview.

The netherlands, sweden and switzerland are the European

countries with the most and longest experience in the upgrade

and feed-in of biogas. The netherlands, for example, feature a

biomethane plant with a feed-in capacity of 500 nm3/h which

has been operating on a pressure swing adsorption for 20 years,

since 1989.

While sweden owns the largest number of plants upgrading

biogas to biomethane, Germany is leading in feed-in capacity in

comparison to all other European countries. These differences

are partly related to the state of the infrastructure of the public

gas networks in the different countries, but also to the fields of

application best supported by the respective political structures.

Thus, the German market has seen a significant growth in the

last few years, with the first plants, however, having started

operation only in 2006. In recent years, a stable market growth

can also be tracked in countries like austria, for example, where

the high state-guaranteed feed-in tariffs have, similar to the

German situation, resulted in a significant boost.

Substrate..

While in Germany around 75 per cent of the overall biogas

production is based on the exclusive fermentation of agricul-

tural waste, liquid manure, and cultivated renewable primary

products (energy plants), the market in countries like France,

Luxembourg, sweden and switzerland is dominated by gas pro-

duced in landfills managing community and household waste.

Application.fields...

More than 75 per cent of the overall European biomethane

production is applied as biofuel in natural gas dedicated vehi-

cles. sweden and switzerland in particular are front runners

in this application. The German biomethane trade, however, is

focussed especially on the application of biomethane in com-

bined heat and power plants. The application of biomethane as

biofuel here only plays a minor role in comparison to the other

European countries.

31


Lille

Country France

Region Nord-Pas-De-Calais

Plant Location Lille



660 Nm3/h

Upgrade Technology Pressurised Water Scrubbing (PWS)

Substrate Community waste

3.2.Project.examples.

Bruck.an.der.Leitha

Country Austria

Region Lower Austria

Plant Location Bruck an der Leitha



100 Nm3/h

Upgrade Technology Membrane

Substrate Grass, maize and manure as well as residues from the food industry

The biogas plant in Bruck an der Leitha, close to vienna, started

operation in 2004. The gas production is based on the combined

fermentation of grass and maize together with residues from

the food industry.

In 2007, the Energy Park Bruck an der Leitha, the Technical

University of vienna and the plant manufacturer axiom GmbH

jointly undertook the repowering of this plant to upgrade the

raw gas to natural gas quality with the help of an innovative

technology.

For the first time in this scale, the reference project employs

membranes in order to upgrade biogas. The methane to be later

fed into the grid is separated from the Co2 by means of semi-

permeable membranes.

The upgraded biogas is fed into the Evn grid and is transferred

to the gas station operator oMv and vienna Energy to be ap-

plied as biofuel.

From 1995 –2004, the first French biomethane project operated

on the waste management site of Lille. The upgrading process

of this reference project was a pressurised water scrubbing. The

biomethane thus generated was used as biofuel for buses.

Due to corrosion of the wall and piping, operation was stopped

in 2004. Meanwhile, however, a new plant was installed on site,

this time in an industrial scale, that began operation in 2007.

The sister project to this plant is also based in Lille, on the site

of another, newly installed, waste management location in

Marquette. again, a pressurised water scrubbing process is

employed to upgrade the gas to natural gas quality.

since 2009 the biomethane is to be fed into the natural gas net-

work and used to fuel buses and garbage vehicles. The feed-in

capacity amounts to 55 nm3/h.



Tilburg

Country The Netherlands

Region North Brabant

Plant Location Tilburg



1,300 Nm3/h

Upgrade Technology Pressurised Water Scrubbing

Substrate 52,000 t / a of organic waste from the food industry and private households

Kielen

Country Luxembourg

Region Capellen

Plant Location Kielen



360 Nm3/h


Substrate 50,000 t of primary products, liquid manure and residues from the food industry

More than 30 farmers and business associates around Kielen

have joined forces in the initiative “naturgas Kielen” in order

to assemble the 50,000 t of renewable primary products, liquid

manure as well as residues from the food industry for the biogas

plant in Kielen. Their motivation to opt for the feed-in of bio-

methane derived from the rural structures of the region where

the heat could not be marketed as well as when transported via

the natural gas grid.

The biogas is upgraded to the local natural gas quality (more

than 98 per cent of methane) with a pressurised water scrub-

bing process and fed into the near-by gas grid.

The project is the first biomethane plant in Luxembourg and en-

joys the full support of public stakeholders as well as the media.

on the site of an old landfill, the Tilburg utilities erected a gas

upgrading plant in 1986. In this plant, gas from a landfill is

upgraded together with gas from a close-by sewage plant and

a biogas plant, which operates on organic waste from the food

industries and private households. about 70 per cent of the raw

biogas stem from this biogas plant. The raw biogas thus gener-

ated possesses a methane concentration of 55 per cent and is

then upgraded to the local natural gas quality of 88 per cent.

Both the biogas and the landfill gas are upgraded with a pres-

surised water scrubbing technology, which represents an

investment of 3.6 million €. The maximum biomethane feed-in

capacity amounts to 1,300 nm3/ h. The yearly overall energy pro-

duction of the plant amounts to 18 GWh, of which 3.3 GWh are

used for internal processes, while the rest is sold to the regional

gas supply company.

33


Jona

Country Switzerland

Region St. Gallen

Plant Location Engelhölzli / Jona



ca. 55 Nm3/h

Upgrade Technology Amine wash

Substrate Organic and garden waste

Kristianstad

Country Sweden

Region Skåne län

Plant Location Kristianstad



600 Nm3/h


Substrate 50 % liquid manure, 45 % waste products from food industry , 5 % household waste

In the southern swedish town of Kristianstad, biogas is pro-

duced based on manure, household waste and waste products

from the food industry in a co-digestion plant. 72,000 tons of

waste thus have annually been fermentated in the Kristianstad

biogas plants since the original start of operation in 1996.

since 2006, the raw biogas is upgraded in a pressurised water

scrubbing process. In order to reach the upgrade unit, the gas is

transported in a 4 km long pipeline. The upgraded biomethane

possesses a 97 per cent methane content and therefore meets

the swedish standard.

since the swedish natural gas grid does not serve Kristianstad,

the biomethane is not injected into the natural gas grid but is

provided to local vehicles as biofuel at a special service station

close to town. all town buses in Kristianstand as well as various

school buses operate on biomethane, representing 1.2 mil-

lion m3 per year which have been saved in fossil fuels.

The biomethane project jona started operation in 2005. The

gas production is based on the digestation of source separated

organic waste (oFMsW). 5,000 t are thus yearly processed on

the site in Engelhölzli, jona, which represents the first plant

in switzerland to upgrade the entire gas production without

intermediate storage. The digestate is mixed with garden waste

and post-composted in an enclosed hall.

The biogas is upgraded with an amine-based washing system

after a prior sulphur and humidity removal with the help of

activated carbon.

an innovative aspect of the jona project is the ownership. In

former swiss biomethane projects, the upgrading plant was in

possession of the digestion site. He transferred the gas to the

grid in cleaned and odorised quality. In jona, however, the gas

is sold to the nationally gas company, which in turn owns and

operates the upgrading plant and is also responsible for the

feed-in.

The biomethane is utilised as biofuel in natural gas dedicated

vehicles.


Value.Chain.of.Biomethane.

The generation of biomethane is based on a complex process

in various stages. Many factors influence the process from the

generation of biomass to the application of the fed-in bio-

methane – and many diverse players have a stake in the success

of any biomethane project. The following chapter describes

the value chain of biomethane generation.

4.1.Biomass.production..

since biogas can in principle be generated from any organic

compound, the biomass feedstock that can be used to produce

biogas is diverse. some biomass feedstock comes from farms in

the form of plants. others come from other processes, or from

animals, in the form of waste materials like household garbage

and sewer sludge. Biomass suitable for use in biogas produc-

tion is called “feedstock.” Waste’s suitability for use as feedstock

brings every available organic material into question. Especially

useful for biogas generation are sewer sludge, kitchen rubbish,

and liquid manure, which as waste products are abundant and

affordable.

Energy.plants..

The term “energy plants” refers to crops that are cultivated

especially for the purpose of energy production. These espe-

cially include crops with high photosynthetic rates that grow

quickly in the climatic conditions of a given region. In central

Europe, such plants include corn, rapeseed, and rye. Many

tropical countries use sugarcane extensively as an energy plant.

Energy.plants.for.biogas.generation..

Maize is especially well-adapted for use in biogas facilities,

though cereals (such as rye) and/or grass cuttings are also

acceptable. The plants most suitable for use in biogas genera-

tion vary from region to region; they must be chosen against

the background of local conditions. From a climate protection

perspective, it is important to ensure that local land use

changes associated with energy plant cultivation do not lead

to negative ecological effects.

4.2.Logistics.

With regard to the logistics of biomass energy, one must keep

in mind the energetic and economic barriers that make long-

distance delivery of feedstock impractical. Because biomass can

only be harvested during certain short periods of the year, these

barriers necessitate a well-planned biomass logistics chain.

It is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of decentral-

ised and central storage:

If the areas surrounding biogas facilities already possess the

capacity to hold the biomass that will be needed by a local

area during the year, decentralised storage may be the best

approach. In such cases, biomass is delivered to processing

facilities on a continual (“just-in-time”) basis. Through this, a

good utilisation of transport materials is achieved, with remain-

ing dry fermentation feedstock being transported away as

back-freight. a downside of decentralised storage is that person-

nel costs may run high, since biomass must be delivered more

frequently.

a second approach is the central storage of biomass at the

biogas facility. advantages of this approach include a consist-

ent quality of stored biomass, along with minimal logistical

expenses. These storage facilities may be subject to higher

investment costs, however, since new storage capacity must

be created. nonetheless, savings of €2 per tonne of silage are

value Chain of Biomethane.

35


achievable in central storage sites (relative to decentralised stor-

age facilities) through reductions in silage loss of up to 10 per

cent.

The choice of transport methods should be made in considera-

tion for the distance between energy plant cultivation areas and

biogas installations. at short distances, transport with tractors

and other farm equipment is more affordable, because nothing

but the biomass itself must be loaded. at longer distances, ship-

ping via trucks becomes more affordable.

4.3.Biogas.production.

Raw.biogas..

raw biogas is generated through the fermentation of feedstock.

This process occurs in so-called fermenters, where microorgan-

isms facilitate the process of material conversion that produces

the raw biogas. The processes involved in fermentation are

exceedingly complex, and are currently understood only in

part. various current research projects seek to improve this

understanding. The optimisation of the fermentation processes

highly depends also on the measurement and control systems

and procedures used.

raw biogas consists of 45 –70 per cent methane (CH4). The sec-

ond largest component of the gas is carbon dioxide (Co2), mak-

ing up 25 –50 per cent of the total. The rest contains minimal

portions of hydrogen sulphide (H2s), ammonia (nH3), and water

vapor (H2o). Fossil-based natural gas contains 85 –98 per cent

methane. To guarantee the consistent quality of the natural

gas in the grid, the methane content of the raw biogas must

increase before being fed in. This methane content “upgrade”

occurs through a purification of the raw biogas.

Methane.yield.

The flammable and thus relevant component of biogas is

methane. Hence, the amount of methane contained in the

biogas should be increased to as large a per centage of the

Energy plants / residues

Recirculation ofdigestate as fertilizer

Natural gas grid

Electricityand heat(cogeneration)

Heat

Fuel

Biogas plant

Biogas production Upgrade Injection Application fieldsBiomass production

Sales and trade

Logistics

whole as possible. The initial methane content of raw biogas

varies chiefly with the feedstock used.

The upgrading of biogas’s methane content is achieved through

the optimisation of facility systems for particular feedstock, and

through the implementation of measurement and regulation

systems.

4.4.Biogas.upgrade..

From.raw.biogas.to.biomethane..

The biogas created through fermentation – raw biogas – can in

various ways be upgraded to high-quality natural gas , low-

quality natural gas, or so-called accessory or admixing quality.

an important first step is the removal of sulphur. Depending on

the other processes used to upgrade the biogas, an additional

fine-grade sulphur removal and a drying of the gas may be nec-

essary. For the upgrade of high- or low-methane natural gas, a

separation of Co2 may also be a required additional step, unless

the biogas is to be admixed as accessory gas. In a last step, the

Figure: Biomethane yields of different substrates. Sources: FNR

(2006), KTBL (2006), dena (2011).

m3.Gas./..t.Substrate

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

Cattle manure

Forage beet

Sugar beet sila

geGra

ss

Biological waste

Maize silage

Food residues

Waste gre

ase



Figure: Process steps of raw biogas upgrade.

Source: Fraunhofer UMSICHT (2008).

heat value is increased or reduced by admixing LPG (liquified

petroleum gas) or oxygen to adjust the biomethan quality to the

quality of the natural gas in the gas grid.

The upgrade from biogas to biomethane is economically attrac-

tive only starting at medium-sized plants. Existing or planned

smaller biogas plants therefore can make use of the possiblity to

assemble the biogas generated in each plant via micro gas grids

and then upgrade and feed-in the entire quanitity on only one

site.

The figure above provides an overview of the various process

steps of biogas upgrade.

Sulphur removal.

The process of crude sulphur removal can be undertaken either

biologically or chemically.

Biological sulphur removal.

Biological sulphur removal employs microorganisms that con-

sume hydrogen sulphide. This process is only suitable for crude

sulphur removal. The microorganisms can be placed directly

into the fermenter.

Chemical sulphur removal.

Chemical sulphur removal involves the use of compounds that

bind with sulphur in the fermenter. Iron oxide is the best com-

pound for this purpose.

Because some sulphur (specifically hydrogen sulphide) can re-

main in the biogas after crude sulphur removal, some prepa-

ration paths may require an additional fine sulphur removal

process before Co2 separation. The most suitable processes for

fine sulphur removal are active carbon adsorption and zinc

oxide adsorption.

Gas.drying..

For the drying of biogas, adsorption and condensation proc-

esses are the methods of choice.

Adsorptive gas drying processes.

The premise of this process is that water vapour adsorbs to

specific compounds (including, for instance, silica gel and

aluminum oxides). Using packed-bed adsorbers, these com-

pounds are passed through the biogas as granulates, thereby

removing water vapour from the gas.

The granulates must be regenerated after adsorption. Here it

is important to note the difference between cold and warm re-

generation processes. If the biogas facility is to feed into the gas

grid on a continuous basis, it is necessary to apply two separate

packed-bed adsorbers so that one may be used when the other is

regenerating.

Condensation processes.

For this process the biogas is cooled, causing the water it con-

tains to condense. This process is above all intended for drying

biogas for use in motor vehicles. However, the process does not

meet specifications (DvGW G 260 and G 262) for biomethane

preparation. For this reason, the process is only partially useful

to prepare biomethane for feed-in into the grid.

CO2.separation.

on the European market, pressure swing adsorption and pres-

surised water scrubbing are the most widely used processes for

Co2 separation. additional processes are currently in the pilot

stages; some of these must still be intensively researched. The

following overview provides a short, non-exhaustive descrip-

tion of some selected Co2 separation processes:

Pressure swing adsorption (PSA).

“adsorption” refers to the exit of molecules from fluids and their

subsequent attachment to solid surfaces. This process is used in

Raw biogas from vegetable matter of liquid manure biogas plants

Gross desulphurisation Option: Gross desulphurisation Gross desulphurisation

Compression Fine desulphurisation

Gas cooling Compression

CO2 separation adsorption Gas drying

Gas drying

Calorific value adjustment with LPG or air

Supplemental gas

Fine desulphurisation

Compression

Gas cooling

CO2 separation adsorption

Calorific value adjustment with LPG or air

Natural gas H or natural gas L

37


Psa to remove the Co2 and any remaining traces of other gases

from raw biogas. Before adsorption, sulphur and water vapour

must be removed from the raw biogas, since these substances

can damage the active carbon required in the process. as a rule,

water separation succeeds when raw biogas is cooled nearly to

the point of freezing. For the separation of sulphur from biogas,

various other processes may be used.

Pressurised water scrubbing (PWS).

Pressurised water scrubbing is a matter of physical adsorption

processes. raw biogas is routed through a water-filled pressure

tank, in which the gases present in the biogas are absorbed by

water. Besides Co2, this process can also remove some of the

hydrogen sulphide (H2s) and ammonia (nH3) present in raw

biogas. When biogas contains more hydrogen sulphide than

can be removed through pressure water washing, this is an

indication that an additional sulphur removal process should be

implemented “upstream” of the pressure water wash. Follow-

ing the completion of the pressure water wash, the gas must be

dried and dehumidified before being fed into the natural gas

grid.

There are other promising processes for Co2 removal in addi-

tion to pressure swing adsorption and pressure water washing.

The following passage briefly describes each of these processes:

Genosorbs®.

Like pressure water washing, this biogas purification proc-

ess hinges around a physical adsorption, although washing

fluid that is highly absorptive of Co2 and H2s is also involved.

The washing fluid Genosorb can regenerate itself after high-

temperature washes. The washing fluid has a shelf life of about

10 years. Because of this, an essentially larger load of washing

fluid is possible.

Amine washing.

The amine washes are processes of chemical adsorption. In

contrast to pressure water washing and Genosorb absorption,

amine washes use chemical reactions to remove extraneous

gases present in biogas. Because of this, a large range of wash-

ing fluids can be used.

Monoethanol amine washing (MEA).

Cleaning biogas using monoethanol amine is suitable when

only Co2 must be removed. The process can be implemented

with only minimal pressure, though it requires a standard

minimum temperature of approximately 40°C. The process is

therefore especially appealing for sites that have already access

to heat.

Diethanol amine washing (DEA).

The process of diethanol amine washing is very similar to that

of monoethanol amine washing. as a washing fluid, though,

diethanol amine differs from monoethanol amine. Its Co2

adsorption capacity is greater than that of monoethanol amine,

though its environmental impacts (specifically its hazards for

waterways) are more serious.

Membrane technology

Membrane upgrade technology is a physical process. raw

biogas flows through a membrane layer which is impermeable

for methane but is passable carbon dioxide (semi-permeability).

Thus, the methane concentration is increased to natural gas

standard. In order for the gas to be separated, raw biogas must

pass the membranes at a pressure level of 25-40 bar.

The following table (page 38) provides an overview of the

respective upgrade technologies and their most important

parameters.

4.5.Grid.feed-in.

The feeding of biogas into the natural gas grid is an efficient

energy solution, even if the sites in which the gas is to be applied

are far away from the sites at which it is produced. Gas feed-in is

facilitated via a compressor, a device raising the pressure level

of the biomethane to that of the gas in the closed pressurised



Criteria PSA PWS Genosorb MEA DEA

Adsorption process physical physical chemical chemical

Pre-cleaning necessary? Yes No No Yes Yes

Required pressure (bar) 4 –7 4 –7 4 –7 depressurised depressurised

Methane loss 3–10 % 1–2 % 1–4 % < 0.1 % < 0.1 %

Methane content of the gas product > 96 % > 97 % > 96 % > 99 % > 99 %

Required power consumption [kWh/Nm3] 0.25 < 0.25 0.25–0.33 < 0.15 < 0.15

Required temperature range [°C] No No 55 –80 160 160

Range of controllability as percentages of total load +/– 10–15 % 50–100 % 50–100 % 50–100 % 50–100 %

Processes already underway > 20 > 20 3 3 2

Table: Parameters of different upgrade technologies. Source: Fraunhofer Umsicht (2009).

lines of the grid. Given European regulatory realities, new gas

producers have the opportunity to feed gas into the conven-

tional gas grid. For biogas generators, this multiplication of

the possible number of consumers is attractive. For purposes of

injection, however, the gas must meet the quality specifications

of the relevant legal provisions and may only deviate within the

range of these quality standards. such standards are realised

using technologies for reconditioning gas. Because a non-neg-

ligible quantity of energy is necessary for gas compression, the

energy balance and the economic feasibility of the compression

and feed-in process must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

Accessory.gas./.exchange.gas.

With regard to feeding biomethane into the natural gas grid, it

is necessary to distinguish between exchange gas and accessory

gas. The difference lies in the quality of the gases. an exchange

gas has the same qualitative standards as conventional natural

gas and can be exchanged in the grid as such. accessory gas pos-

sesses a composition that is not equivalent to that of the natural

gas, and can therefore only be mixed into the grid beneath a

certain threshold.

The types of natural gas available in Germany vary with geog-

raphy. similarly, the degree to which biomethane is upgraded

depends on the region of its origin.

Quality.standards.

regulations distinguish between low-quality natural gas

(“natural Gas L”) and high-quality natural gas (“natural Gas H”).

natural Gas H possesses a higher methane content, and is used

mainly in the GUs federal states and extracted principally in the

north sea.

natural Gas L contains roughly 89 per cent flammable gases

(primarily methane, but also small amounts of ethane, propane,

butane, and pentane), while natural Gas H contains about

97 per cent flammable gases (the same as those listed for natural

Gas L).

4.6.Sales.and.trade.

The transport and sales of the injected biomethane is usually

coordinated by a biogas or natural gas trading company. To

transfer biogas from its production site to its end customer,

these trading companies enter various business and contractual

relationships with different partners. The following overview

gives an idea of the biomethane sales dynamics in Germany.

Biogas Accounting Grid Contract.

In order to transport the injected biomethane via the gas grid,

the trading company (also called “transport client”) is required

to close a biogas accounting grid contract with the accounting

grid operator. The grid operator balances the account of the

biomethane amounts fed-in and out of the grid in an account-

ing grid and settles surplus and shortage quantities with the

transport client.

Grid Entry Contract.

In order to be allocated to an accounting grid, the biogas sup-

plier enters a contract with the Entry Grid operator. In this Grid

Entry Contract, the parties agree on the quality criteria for the

injected gas.

Grid Exit Contract.

The final customer enters into a grid exit contract with the exit

grid operator settling the gas withdrawal at the physical gas

exit point. The costs for the grid transport are the same as in

natural gas transport transactions and are covered by the final

customer together with grid access fees regardless of the feed-in

location.

Biomethane sales and trade in Germany differs from classic

natural gas trade regarding the necessary proof of origins. The

amounts of biomethane fed into the natural gas network must

be documented along the value chain regarding the attributes

required by law (“produced from renewable primary sources,

for example). These attributes mostly derive from the legal and

political conditions.

39


Figure: Mileage yield of biofuels per hectare cropland.

Source: FNR (2008).

next to transport logistics and accounting matters, the trading

company also coordinates a gas portfolio. The company buys

biogas quantities from various producers and delivers it to dif-

ferent (end) customers. also, the trading company is able to pro-

vide ongoing and steady supplies as well as singular deliveries

on the spot. These classic portfolio structuring are accompanied

also by structuring regarding biomethane attributes. The dif-

ferent origin attributes lead to a variety of different biomethane

products of different value and with versatile application fields.

By structuring these attributes the trading company can serve

customers’ individual needs resulting from the field of applica-

tion they are aiming at. The certificates or quantity attestations

are the basis for biomethane clients to prove their claims for the

feed-in tariffs in context with EEG or EEWärmeG.

since the beginning of 2011, the Biogas register has set a stand-

ard for biomethane proof of origin and quality criteria. With

this system, biomethane producers, traders and users are able to

document the gas quantities fed into the gas grids. The criteria

catalogue used in this context is applicable to all potential fields

of utilization for the biomethane. The information provided

by the producer is cross-checked by an independent auditor. It

may then be allocated to its utilization. Therefore, consistent

proof is guaranteed also while the biomethane is in the gas grid,

between its feed-in and abstraction.

4.7.Application.fields..

The application fields for biomethane are the same as are cur-

rently satisfied by conventional natural gas . The main advan-

tage is its good heating characteristics. In the early stages of

biogas generation in Germany, it was mainly used for power

generation in so-called combined heat and power plants (CHP)

right on the production site. a major part of the generated heat

remained thus unused.

The upgrade and feed-in of biomethane broadens the applica-

tion fields of biogas to equal those of natural gas.

Heat.generation.

Like natural gas, biomethane can be applied in industry and pri-

vate housholds for heating purposes. no adaptation of the end

devices (gas-fired boiler, gas stove, e.g.) is necessary since the

biomethane presents the same heat value characteristics as the

natural gas in the local gas grid. The fact that biomethane thus

can resort to existing infrastructure is a central advantage of

this innovative technology also from an economic perspective.

Cogeneration.of.heat.and.power.(CHP)..

In combined heat and power processes, biomethane is used in

combustion machines (gas engines, (micro-)gas turbines, stir-

ling motors). These machines generate mechanical energy and,

as a byproduct, heat. The mechanical energy is transformed

into electrical energy via generators and fed into the power

grid. The generated heat is used for heating purposes. The CHP

process operating on biogas mainly takes place in CHP plants ,

where the heat energy generated can be applied in a local heat

network. regarding the energy yield, CHP achieves very good

results since the heat which is generated during the process of

power production can also be utilized. CHP has come to play a

more and more important role in recent years and is especially

advisable for edifices and facilities presenting a high heat

demand all year long, such as public swimming pools, factories

etc.

Mobility.

Biogas upgraded to natural gas quality can be used to fuel natu-

ral gas dedicated vehicles. a further adaptation on the vehicles

is not necessary. By feeding biomethane into the grid, it is made

available on a national basis and can be distributed via the exist-

ing natural gas station infrastructure.

In comparison to other biofuels, biomethane is to be ranked

among the most efficient ones. Per hectare cropland, a similar

mileage can be achieved with biomethane as with biomass-to-

liquid (BtL)-fuels of the so-called second generation.

Bioethanol

Biodiesel

Rapeseed oil

Biomass-to-Liquid (BTL)

Biomethane

0 100

00

200

00

300

00

400

00

500

00

600

00

700

00

Biomethane from byproducts (mash, straw/mulch)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 In 1,000 Kilometers per Hectare.

Figure: Yield of biofuels in km per hectare

Quelle: FNR 2008

22,400 + 14,400

23,300 + 17,600

23,300 + 17,600

64,000

67,600


Companies.and.Market.Players.

Companies and Market Players.

This chapter presents German and European companies and

market players in the biogas injection sector. The table provides

an overview of their core activities.

Abicon GmbH 47

agri.capital GmbH 47

ALENSYS Engineering GmbH 48

ARCANUM Energy 48

BALANCE VNG Bioenergie GmbH 49

Biogasrat e.V. 49

BIS E.M.S. GmbH 50

bmp greengas GmbH 50

Böck Silosysteme GmbH 51

Bundesindustrieverband Deutschland Haus-, Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V.

51

Bundesverband Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung e.V. 52

Bundesverband der Maschinenringe e.V. 52

Cirmac International bv 53

cng services ltd 53

Dalkia GmbH 54

Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e.V. 54

Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e.V.

42

Deutscher Bauernverband e.V. 55

Deutsches BiomasseForschungsZentrum gGmbH

55

DZ Bank AG 56

E.ON Bioerdgas GmbH 43

EnBW Vertrieb GmbH 56

Enovos Luxembourg S.A. 57

Plant engineering

Application

Plant operation

Project development

Engineering

Energy supply company

Financing

Association

Research

pageConsulting

Trade

41


EnviTec Biogas AG 57

erdgas schwaben gmbh 44

Fachverband Biogas e.V. 58

figawa e.V. 58

Fraunhofer-Institut für Umwelt-, Sicher-heits- und Energietechnik UMSICHT

59

Fraunhofer-Institut für Windenergie und Energiesystemtechnik IWES

59

GASAG Berliner Gaswerke Aktiengesell-schaft

60

GREENFIELD Europe 60

Haase Energietechnik AG & Co. KG 61

juwi Bio GmbH 61

keep it green gmbh 62

KWS Saat AG 62

Landwärme GmbH 63

Mabagas GmbH & Co KG 63

MT-BioMethan GmbH 64

NAWARO BioEnergie AG 64

N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie 65

ÖKOBiT GmbH 65

PlanET Biogastechnik GmbH 66

PRIMAGAS GmbH 66

Propan-Gesellschaft mbH 67

ProTech Energiesysteme GmbH 67

r. e Bioenergie GmbH 68

Rechtsanwälte Schnutenhaus & Kollegen 68

RES Projects GmbH 69

RWE Vertrieb AG 69

Städtische Werke AG Kassel 70

STEAG GmbH 70

Thüga Energie GmbH 71

TÜV Nord Cert GmbH 71

TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH 72

Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG 45

Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft 46

WELtec BioPower GmbH 72

Windwärts Energie GmbH 73

page

Plant engineering

Application

Plant operation

Project development

Energy supply company

Financing

Association

Research

pageConsulting

TradeEngineering



DvGW German Technical and scientific association for Gas and Water

DVGW German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas and WaterTechnical/scientific organisationJosef-Wirmer-Strasse 1 –3, D-53123 Bonn, GermanyTel +49 (0)228 91 88-5Fax +49 (0)228 91 [email protected]

The DvGW’s technical standards ensure a high-quality gas and

water supply for Germany. The DvGW assists gas and water

enterprises with the cost-effective implementation of technical

measures necessary for maintaining Germany’s clean, secure

gas and water supply. as a setter of technical standards, the

DvGW with its more than 12,800 members isis instrumental

in defining collaborative processes designed to improve these

enterprises, and to ensure effective, autonomous industrial

management under rapidly changing conditions.

With respect to biogas, the DvGW takes a holistic approach to

setting gas and water standards: the focus is on supply security,

supply diversity, sustained access to native energy sources, and

the gradual development of processes for producing biomass

energy from the most commonly used plants.

DVGW Association office in Bonn

43


E.on Bioerdgas GmbH

Within the E.on Group, the E.on Bioerdgas GmbH is

responsible for the generation, grid injection and trading of

biomethane.

The E.on Bioerdgas GmbH was founded in 2007 with the goal to

market biomethane as an innovative and ecologically-friendly

energy and heat source.

In 2008, for example, the E.on Bioerdgas GmbH put into opera-

tion the at this point largest plant for biomethane production

(schwandorf) in Germany. The plant generates biomethane in

natural gas quality at a rate of 1,000 m3 per hour. This equals a

heat capacity of 90,000.000 kWh per year. With this amount,

the gas demand of about 5,000 four-person-households can be

covered.

While in Germany the generation of biomethane is based

mainly on energy crops, E.on Bioerdgas GmbH is currently

also analyzing the application of organic waste in biomethane

generation in existing projects all over Europe.

With its biomethane product, E.on Bioerdgas GmbH as one of

the leading companies will contribute to the achievement of the

political climate goals until 2030 of the German Federal Govern-

ment and the EU and play an integral role in the coverage of

10 per cent of the overall gas consumption with renewables.

E.ON Bioerdgas GmbHBiomethane trading/generationDr. Thomas StephanblomeBrüsseler Platz 1, D-45135 Essen, GermanyTel +49 (0)201 184-78 31Fax +49 (0)201 184-78 37www.eon.com

Biomethane plant in Schwandorf, Bavaria



erdgas schwaben gmbh

We.are.where.our.customers.are.

.

erdgas schwaben looks back on a long history as an energy

provider in the German regions swabia and Upper Bavaria. The

current pipeline system connects 165 cities and communities,

covering an area of roughly 5.000 km. Public facilities as well

as private households utilize our services which cover the full

spectrum of natural gas supply. For the past three years, the

swabian energy supplier has been following its own unique

energy strategy: “The erdgas schwaben way”.

Central principles of the “erdgas schwaben way” include the

professional consultation for the reduction of energy costs, the

support of more efficient natural gas utilization practices, and

the resulting expansion of renewable energies.

The.erdgas.schwaben.way.

.

Bio-energy, the renewable energies from swabia have an enor-

mous development potential! We have successfully expanded

this business sector in 2008. erdgas schwaben currently man-

ages four operating bio-natural gas plants. The first plant has

been in operation since 2007, and is located in Graben, near

augsburg. The others are located in Maihingen, near nördlin-

gen in Donau-ries (since 2008), in altenstadt/schongau (since

2009) and in arnschwang/Cham (since 2010).

erdgas schwaben gmbhEnergy supply companyGeorg RadlingerDirector Renewable Energy and Heat Project DevelopmentBayerstrasse 43, D-86199 Augsburg, GermanyTel +49 (0)821 90 02-170Fax +49 (0)821 90 [email protected]

210 Million kWh are produced and anually fed into the grid.

This amount equals 12,000 households which are currently

experiencing the benefits of green energy use.

Three additional biogas projects for bio-heat and bio-electricity

are currently in operation in Dillingen, Mindelheim and Kauf-

beuren.

The regional supply of energy from sustainable natural

resources makes swabia independent from the international

energy market, thus strengthening the region as a whole. That

is why erdgas schwaben annually invests 10 million Euros into

the expansion of renewable energies in the region and, through

this measure, in our future generations.

Bioenergy for us is a means to set the stage for the environment.

Bio-energy from regenerative natural resources, 100% eco-

friendly, always available and directly from swabia.

Bio-natural gas planterdgas schwaben

45


viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KG

The viessmann Group is one of the leading international

manufacturers of heating systems and offers a complete range

of products for all energy sources and areas of application.

viessmann offers individual solutions, whether for detached or

semi-detached homes, large apartment blocks, commercial and

industrial buildings or local heating networks. With the take-

over of the two biogas specialists schmack Biogas and BIoFerm,

viessmann is able to offer the complete package in the field of

biogas technology.

Thus viessmann is enforcing its strategy of making increased

use of renewable forms of energy. renewable energy systems

already account for 25 per cent of turnover at viessmann.

BIOFerm.–.the.dry-fermentation.specialist..

The 2007 acquisition of BIoFerm GmbH, which provides biogas

plants based on dry fermentation, represented a first step

towards viessmann expanding its field of expertise to include

biogas. The BIoFerm technology makes it possible to recycle

organic waste from local authorities, agriculture and landscape

preservation and turn it into energy. Target groups are local

authorities, the food industry and landscape preservation busi-

nesses.

Schmack.Biogas.–.market.leader.for.biogas.technologies.and.

gas.processing.

The takeover of schmack Biogas in january 2010 enabled viess-

mann to further expand its position in the market for renewable

energies. schmack Biogas is one of the leading German provid-

ers of biogas plants. The company today provides its services in

project management and construction as well as service and

operational oversight, and this makes it one of the few full-ser-

vice providers in the industry. since it was founded back in 1995,

schmack has constructed around 230 biogas plants around the

world with a total output of over 100 MW.

schmack Biogas was the first company in Germany to imple-

ment the feeding of biogas into the natural gas grid. For gas up-

grading, schmack uses CarBoTECH technology. The company,

which now also belongs to viessmann, is a specialist in technol-

ogies and processes for conditioning, cleaning and generating

industrial gases and biogas in particular.

.

Utilising.biogas.as.part.of.“Efficiency.Plus”...

With the construction of a biogas plant at the company’s head-

quarters in allendorf/Eder, viessmann is underlining its strategy

to make increased use of renewable energy sources as part of its

“Efficiency Plus” sustainability project which aims, by 2010, to re-

duce the use of fossil fuels by 40 per cent and Co2 emissions by 30

per cent. 4,500 tonnes of organic waste will be processed in the

biogas plant every year to generate 2.7 million kwh of electricity

and heat. The primary energy of the biogas will be converted by

a CHP plant from the manufacturer Ess, which also belongs to

the viessmann Group.

Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. KGBiogas companies in the Viessmann Group:Schmack Biogas GmbH Markus StaudtBayernwerk 8, D-92421 Schwandorf, GermanyTel +49 (0) 94 31 751-0Fax +49 (0) 94 31 [email protected]

Schmack CARBOTECH GmbHBayernwerk 8, D-92421 Schwandorf, GermanyTel +49 (0) 94 31 [email protected]

BIOFerm GmbHBayernwerk 8, D-92421 Schwandorf, GermanyTel +49 (0) 94 31 [email protected]



The.Volkswagen.Group..

.

Based in Wolfsburg, Germany, the volkswagen Group increased

the number of vehicles delivered to customers to 7.2 million in

2010, representing a 13.7 per cent share of the world passenger

car market. Each brand of the Group has its own distinctive

character: volkswagen, audi, sEaT, skoda, volkswagen Com-

mercial vehicles, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini and scania.

across the Group, the product range extends from fuel-saving

compact cars to luxury class vehicles.

The Group’s objective is to offer attractive, safe and environ-

mentally friendly vehicles which set world standards in their

respective classes. For the first time, volkswagen is offering

the combination of natural gas drive and turbocharged direct

injection with the Passat TsI EcoFuel and the Touran TsI EcoFuel.

Under the brand name sunGas®, volkswagen is also involved in

the provision of biogas that is largely carbon neutral.

TSI.EcoFuel.–.efficiency.meets.dynamics..

.

volkswagen is the market leader for natural gas vehicles in Ger-

many, and is continuing to make progress throughout Europe.

The current volkswagen range extends from the Passat TsI Eco-

Fuel as a saloon or estate to the 5 or 7-seat Touran TsI EcoFuel,

right through to the Caddy EcoFuel and Caddy Maxi EcoFuel.

The Caddy Maxi EcoFuel is available with a sensational range of

700 km, of which 570 km are covered in natural gas mode. all of

these volkswagen vehicles are easy on the environment and on

the customer’s wallet. natural gas costs half as much as petrol,

and is one third cheaper than diesel.

The engines in the EcoFuel models have been developed and

optimised specifically for sustained use with natural gas. Modi-

fied components such as vents, pistons and the engine manage-

ment system are designed to deal with the different operational

demands of natural gas drive. volkswagen has been developing

natural gas engines for approximately two decades and is set to

continue this work intensively in future.

The combination of natural gas drive and turbocharged direct

injection in the TsI EcoFuel is the only one of its kind in the

world. The Passat TsI EcoFuel was the first natural gas volkswa-

gen available on the market with this innovative technology.

The subsequent launch of the vehicle with a Co2 emission value

of 117 g/km was greeted with a series of awards. For the first

time in the six-year history of the aDaC’s EcoTest, this vehicle

fulfilled the fuel consumption and pollutant criteria to such a

high standard that it was awarded the top five-star rating. In the

aDaC’s EcoTest, which is based on real-life driving situations,

the Passat TsI EcoFuel showed an excellent fuel consumption

rate of 4.89 kilograms of natural gas over 100 kilometres.

In 2011, volkswagen again features among the winners in the

aDaC’s Golden angel awards. The volkswagen Touran 1.4

TsI EcoFuel won a prize in the “Future” category, intended to

recognise the highest level of development in the areas of suit-

ability for daily use, efficiency, environmental compatibility

and safety. The award was presented in recognition of the Co2

emissions of just 126 g/km, a particularly low figure for a vehicle

in this class.

This is the second award of its kind for the compact family van:

in 2009 and 2010, the Touran TsI EcoFuel was named the most

environmentally friendly seven-seater in the environmental list

compiled by vCD, a transport and environmental organisation.

Co2 emissions, alongside the pollution load, fuel consumption

and noise level, are the decisive criteria according to which

vehicles in the vCD environmental list are assessed. The Touran

TsI EcoFuel sets standards in its class with its economical and

dynamic natural gas drive.

Volkswagen AktiengesellschaftGroup Research, PowertrainDr. Tobias Loesche-ter HorstLetterbox 011/17780, D-38436 Wolfsburg, [email protected], www.sunfuel.de

47


agri.capital GmbHabicon GmbH

The agri.capital group is one of the largest decentralised biogas

based energy generators in Germany. apart from its core busi-

ness areas of electricity and heat generation from biogas, the

Münster based company also produces and feeds biomethane

into the natural gas network. agri.capital currently operates

biogas facilities in 59 different locations across Germany.

Electricity production is presently around 46 megawatts. In

addition, roughly 250 million kilowatts/hour of biomethane are

fed into the natural gas network every year.

agri.capital’s expertise encompasses the complete supply chain:

Project development

acceptance planning

Financing

Construction

Business and technical operation

raw material management

Biological maintenance

network connection

sales of electricity, heat and biomethane

The agri.capital group currently runs facilities for feeding

biomethane into the natural gas network in Könnern, Lüchow,

schmargendorf, Wriezen und stresow. additional facilities

are already under construction or in the planning phases. The

redevelopment of existing biogas facilities to provide biogas

feed-in also presents an ecological and economically sage

alternative and agri.capital is also pushing such developments.

The biomethane produced is sold to gas dealers, energy provid-

ers, municipal utilities and CHP operators, to meet the growing

demand for environmentally friendly gas.

agri.capital GmbHMichael HauckHafenweg 15, D-48155 Münster, GermanyTel +49 (0)251 276 01-121Fax +49 (0)251 276 [email protected]

Project.development.of.biogas.and.photovoltaic.plants..

aBICon GmbH was founded in 2006 and is a spin-off of aUDIT

GmbH, a company active since 1994 focusing on quality and

environmental management.

Led by its managers Dr. andreas Möller and Thomas Knieling,

aBICon is by now a well-established market player, known not

only in Hesse, but in all of Germany.

The core competences of our teams focus on the development

of projects in the biogas and photovoltaic fields. The teams

consist of civil engineers and agriculturists as well as business

managers with special knowledge in the various sectors of

renewable energies.

Thus, we can offer a broad spectrum of practical and theoretical

know-how.

We can in particular offer profound experience and know-how

on the upgrade of biogas to natural gas quality.

Due to its ideal agricultural structure, the biomethane plant

ransbach, schwälmer Biogas GmbH & Co. KG, represents one

of the most sustainable biogas projects in Germany. Further

biomethane projects are currrently in the planning stage.

our main virtue lies in the interdisciplinary approach which

enables us to meet all individual customer needs.

ABICON GmbH Schönsteiner Straße 23, D-34630 Moischeid-Gilserberg, Germany Dr. Andreas Möller Tel +49 (0)6696 91 29 39-10 Fax +49 (0)6696 91 29 39-20 [email protected] www.abicon-gmbh.de



arcanum Energy systems GmbH & Co. KG

Trade of biomethane throughout Germany, professional trans-

port and balancing service from the injection to the discharing

point at the combined heat and power unit (CHP), project

management and advisory service for biogas production and

biogas upgrading plants, Biogas Pool as a successful investment

model for municipal energy suppliers and farmers, innovative

ways in acquisition, sales and marketing: arCanUM energy

supports you in the whole biogas value- added process. When is

the operation of a CHP profitable? Which locations are suitable

for biogas production and upgrading to biomethane? How can

you import or export biomethane? Who procures biomethane

on good terms? Competent, experienced and innovative. arCa-

nUM energy realizes it.

Arcanum Energy Systems GmbH & Co. KGProject Development and ConsultingVera Schürmann ([email protected]), ProkuraHertingerstrasse 45, D-59423 Unna, GermanyTel +49 (0)2303 952 32-0Fax +49 (0)2303 95 [email protected]

aLEnsYs Engineering GmbH

With more than 10 years of experience the aLEnsYs Engineer-

ing GmbH guarantees for technically and commercially opti-

mized solutions for your biomethane project.

The implementation of your projects is always based on the

high commitment of our engineers. By separating development

and implementation processes we exclusively act according to

the interests of our clients. a team of dedicated and experienced

engineers provides you with tailor-made solutions.

our industrial standard and our technical expertise secure a

highly sustainable productive efficiency of our facilities.

Technical project development is a matter of trust. ask us.

ALENSYS Engineering GmbHDipl.-Ing. Ilona PaulickZum Wasserwerk 12, D-15537 Erkner, GermanyTel +49 (0)3362 8859 141Fax +49 (0)3362 8859 [email protected]

49


BaLanCE vnG Bioenergie GmbH

Biogasrat e.v.

as a wholly owned subsidiary of the gas trading company

vnG – verbundnetz Gas aG, our focus is the development and

implementation of biogas projects, with special emphasis on

the creation of biogas feed-in systems for the natural gas grid.

Strategy.and.Services..

BaLanCE focuses on developing comprehensive, professional

biomethane-related projects, and on providing various business

services for the biogas industry. It supplements these activi-

ties primarily by marketing and transporting natural gas in

coordination with vnG’s renewable energy program, placing

particular focus on the management of biomethane.

BALANCE VNG Bioenergie GmbHDevelopment and implementation of biogas feed-in projectsThomas FritschMaximilianallee 4, D-4129 Leipzig, GermanyTel +49 (0)341 443 29 17Fax +49 (0)341 443 29 [email protected]

Your.partner.for.future.energy.policy...

.

Biogasrat e.v. is the association of leading market players in the

biogas economy. Its members represent the entire value chain

of the biogas sector. among its members are agricultural energy

producers, plant constructors, component suppliers, financing

experts, project developers, energy supply companies, disposal

managers as well as trading companies.

Biogasrat acts as association with the purpose to develop the

market representing its members, to communicate the impor-

tant role of bioenergies in the future energy mix to politics and

the overall public and to establish better legal, economic and

political parameters for the biogas economy. a special focus

lies on the needs and interests of agricultural, industrial and

efficient biogas production and utilization.

The association complies with international and national

climate goals as well as with the further development of the Ger-

man energy sector. Biogasrat’s objective is to secure the German

biogas economy’s market leadership position and competi-

tive ability while at the same time answering to climate and

sustainability goals. Biogasrat is a fair and reliable partner for

both politics and economy, always working towards the future

energy policy.

Biogasrat e.V.Reinhard SchultzJanet HochiDorotheenstrasse 35, D-10117 Berlin, GermanyTel + 49 (0) 30 20 14 31 33Fax + 49 (0) 30 20 14 31 [email protected]



bmp greengas GmbH

Who.we.are..

since bmp greengas focuses on trading, certification and

consulting services in the biomethane market. Based upon the

development of its own independent trading platform, bmp

greengas is able to purchase biomethane from different provid-

ers, structure and to provide its customers with highly custom-

ized products. This business model reduces market risks for all

players and helps to create a free-flowing market.

With regards to certification, bmp greengas has developed a

standard offering in compliance with regulatory requirements.

Proof of origin certificates for biomethane products in coopera-

tion with TÜv sÜD are also provided.

Trade.

Biomethane supply at virtual trading points or any physical

removal station

Purchasing of grid-grade biomethane

Certification.

Planning and organization of audits with official authorities

administration of register documentation

supply of product certificates

Consulting..

Feasibility studies, economic modelling

Technological consultation on gas processing systems

Workshops on biomethane trade and balancing

bmp greengas GmbHLothar GottschalkGanghoferstrasse 68a, D-80339 München, GermanyTel +49 (0)89 30 90 58 72 00Fax +49 (0)89 30 90 58 78 [email protected]

BIS E.M.S. GmbHEngineering Maintenance ServicesUlrich TrebbeHohe Tannen 11, D-49661 Cloppenburg, GermanyTel +49 (0)4471 182-0Fax +49 (0)4471 [email protected]

BIs E.M.s. GmbH

BIs E.M.s. GmbH is part of the Bilfinger Berger Industrial

services (BIs) Group and was established in 1975. Its focus is on

the chemical, gas and biogas industries. BIs E.M.s. designs and

builds complete units as well as individual components, as well

as supplying industrial services.

BIs E.M.s. provides services for the entire lifecycle of industrial

facilities, with services ranging from consulting, development,

planning, assembly and installation to plant maintenance and

operation. The focus is on our customers’ needs, both in terms of

project support and service options.

For efficient and cost-effective biogas upgrading, BIs E.M.s. has

developed a new process together with BasF. The solvent used

in the process reacts selectively with carbon dioxide and hydro-

gen sulfide from the biogas. It is particularly oxygen-stable with

a long lifetime, and can achieve very high biomethane purities

with methane losses of < 0,08 vol%.

Upgrading units up to a size of 1,500 nm3/h are designed in a

modular way. They are prefabricated to reduce installation

works on site. Larger units are skid-mounted. as an example,

BIs E.M.s. installed two biogas upgrading units, each with a raw

biogas flow rate of 6,000 nm3/h for our customer vErBIo.

51


BDH – Federal Industrial Association of Germany – House, Energy and Environmental Technology.Nationwide representation for manufacturers of heating systemsWilfried LinkeFrankfurter Strasse 720 –726, D-51145 Cologne, GermanyTel +49 (0)2203 935 93-19Fax +49 (0)2203 935 [email protected]

Böck Silosysteme GmbHRonald KrizStefan-Flötzl-Strasse 24, 83342 Tacherting, GermanyTel +49 (0)8621 64 66-0Fax 49 (0)8621 64 [email protected]

BDH – Federal Industrial association of Germany – House, Energy and Envi-ronmental Technology.

Böck silosysteme GmbH

BDH is a federal association representing 82 manufacturers of

heating systems and heating system components. It also repre-

sents three associated organizations.

Manufacturers of high-efficiency systems for heating, sani-

tary hot water provision, ventilation and air-conditioning in

buildings are organized in the Federal Industrial association

of Germany House, Energy and Environmental Technology

(BDH). These manufacturers produce modern wood, oil and

gas-fired boilers, heat pumps, solar installations, ventilation

systems, control and regulation mechanisms, radiators and

panel heating/cooling systems, burners, heat stores, heating

pumps, flue systems, storage tanks and other ancillary compo-

nents. They generate a turnover of 12.3 billion Euros and employ

some 62,000 staff worldwide. Because of the relatively high

investment in research and Development – an annual figure

of around 385 million Euros – the member companies of the

BDH enjoy a leading position in international markets and are

technologically ahead of the field.

30.per.cent.more.energy.thanks.to.the.BÖCK-Traunsteiner-silo-

system..

BÖCK offers you the full package from one source for the

construction of this special bunker silo-system, starting from

consulting up to a ready-to-use building, including unequalled

silo-cover protection if desired. The BÖCK-Traunsteiner silo-

system combines both optimal functionality and environmen-

tal compatibility. our solutions always are intelligent, low-cost

and efficient.

Economic.advantages.thanks.to.the.Traunsteiner.silo..

Your plants will be optimized through the combination of

expertise in agriculture and BÖCK’s unique experience. The

forceful conversion of the BÖCK silo-system, from complete con-

struction to ensiling logistics, has a huge effect to your silages

energy-yield per ton. our professional know-how, individual

concepts, safety regarding costs and deadlines, constant super-

vision and our rigorous quality control will guarantee you the

best reliability for your project.

Environmental.construction..

BÖCK offers dependable solutions for environmental relief

and is constantly improving them in cooperation with public

authorities, engineers and technical universities.



Bundesverband Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung e. V.Wulf BindeMarkgrafenstrasse 56, D-10117 Berlin, GermanyTel +49 (0)30 27 01 92 81-0Fax +49 (0)30 27 01 92 81 [email protected]

Bundesverband Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung e. v.

Our.Objectives..

The B.KWK is non-profit. It pursues its goals by:

Facilitating dialogue amongst professional groups and

institutions

Minimizing deficient information exchange and perma-

nently establishing the practice of cogeneration among

policymakers, market actors and the population at large

Providing consulting and support for interested persons

and institutions

Encouraging and developing scientific and technical

innovations

Hosting information days, workshops, and conferences

organizing booths at trade fairs and exhibitions dedicated

to the cogeneration topic

Collaborating with other national and international

organizations

Who.is.invited.to.participate?.

People,.enterprises,.institutions.and.associations,.particularly:

Cogeneration plant owners and operators in industry, trade,

sales, and the public sector

system and component manufacturers, service providers,

planners, consultants, contractors, energy agencies, techni-

cians, and installation specialists

Municipal power providers, utilities, power distributers, and

grid operators

suppliers of natural gas, coal, petroleum, and biofuels

Banks, financial services companies, and insurers

Bundesverband der Maschinenringe e. v.

Bundesverband der Maschinenringe e. V.Professional service profile around the production of biogasGerhard RöhrlOttheinrichsplatz A 117, D-86633 Neuburg an der Donau, GermanyTel +49 (0)8431 6499-1060Fax +49 (0)8431 [email protected]

Professional.service.providers.for.biogas.production..

The machine syndicates, which represent about 194,000 work-

ers, are agricultural self-help organizations designed primarily

to help their members minimize operating costs. To this end the

syndicates provide extensive services, from procuring machines

for shared use by companies to providing professional logistical

assistance such as low-cost professional substrates for machines.

support for the development of renewable energies is among

the syndicate association’s most important projects. For this

reason, dena’s Biogas Partnership is a high priority for the

association. of particular importance to the association is the

expansion of the syndicate network to include market partners

involved in biogas grid feed-in initiatives, which stand to open

the gas feed-in market to rural and agricultural enterprises.

53


CnG services Ltd

CNG Services LtdBiomethane Consultants and Project Managers37 St Bernards Rd, Olton, Solihull, B92 7AX, Great BritainTel +44 (0)121 707 [email protected]

CnG services Ltd (“CsL”) supports the development of new

anaerobic digester projects including a range of utilisation op-

tions for biogas:

Use to generate electricity in “good quality” CHP

Clean-up of biogas to produce biomethane

Injection of biomethane into gas distribution networks (BtG)

Production of compressed biomethane (CBM) for use as fuel

in road vehicles

Development of small scale biogas to CBM plants

support to introduction of biomethane fuelled vehicles (we

are working with vW, MB and Iveco)

We also support the sale of biomethane to UK energy suppliers.

CsL describes the above as “Green Gas” initiatives.

CsL is independent from manufacturers of aD plants, CHP

plants, gas clean-up plants, compression plant manufacturers

and the vehicle manufacturers.

CsL has developed the UK’s first Biomethane to Grid projects

and has clients including United Utilities, Thames Water, Kelda,

Centrica, scotia Gas networks and northern Gas networks.

Cirmac International bvSupplier of Biogas upgrading systemsCurt van OssP.O.Box 995, 7301 BE Apeldoorn, NiederlandeTel +31 (0)55 5340110Fax +31 (0)55 [email protected]

Cirmac International bv

since 1979 Cirmac International has been a global player in ni-

trogen generation, gas treatment and the upgrading of biogas

into biomethane in order to supply custom-made systems in the

oil & gas and renewable energy sector.

We have invested a great effort in the development of sophis-

ticated technologies for upgrading biogas to biomethane.

apart from the membrane separation and vPsa technology

we specialize in the Low Pressure Co2 absorption (LP Cooab®)

amine scrubbing technology, which is developed by our own

engineers.

Due to the substantial number of systems that we have realized,

you can rely on a professional approach on every technical

level. We have delivered and installed multiple Biogas upgrad-

ing plants in Europe.

Cirmac is nEn-En-Iso 9001-certified and has its own service de-

partment for total maintenance and the supply of spare parts.



Dalkia GmbH

Dalkia GmbH Daniel Hölder Hammerbrookstrasse 69, D-20097 Hamburg, GermanyTel +49 (0)40 25 30 38-17 Fax +49 (0)40 25 30 38-38 Mobile phone +49 (0)173 448 52 90 [email protected]

Energy.in.mind.

Dalkia, the Energy Division of veolia Environnement, produces

and distributes energy for residential and public buildings,

industry and business. We are a leader in heating network

management and a recognised expert in cogeneration.

Working close to customers in city centres, we participate

actively in urban renewal. This is particularly true in Central

Europe, where our energy services are encountering growing

success.

By optimising the energy mix, designing and operating high-

efficiency installations and tapping into renewable energies, we

integrate the most advanced energy solutions to enhance our

facilities’ technical, cost and environmental performance. This

approach guarantees our customers the lowest prices, while

minimising the impact of their energy use on the environment.

our portfolio of renewable energies includes biogas, biomass,

landfill, sewage, and coal mine gas. Upgrading and grid-

injection of biogas enables us to make renewable energy supply

available wherever and whenever our customers need it.

Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e. V.Dr. Frank SetzerEschborner Landstrasse 122, D-60489 Frankfurt am Main, GermanyTel +49 (0)69 247 88-323Fax +49 (0)69 247 [email protected]

Deutsche Land-wirtschafts-Gesellschafte. v.

Maintaining.the.Pace.of.Progress..

The.DLG’s.bases:.innovation.and.progress..

The DLG (Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e. v.) was

founded in 1885 by the engineer and author Max Eyth. With

20,000 members, it is among Germany’s leading agricultural

and food economy organizations. Politically and economically

independent, the DLG serves as a representative for all concerns

regarding agriculture and food production. at the heart of the

DLG’s mission is the advancement of scientific and technologi-

cal progress. With its activities and initiatives, DLG provides

both the measures and the pace necessary for such progress.

International.orientation..

The DLG thinks and works internationally. By pursuing

international practices and building and maintaining trade

partnerships abroad, it supports an international exchange

of information.

Fields.of.work.

International trade exhibitions

Machinery and equipment testing

Food item testing

Knowledge transfer

55


German Farmers’ AssociationUdo HemmerlingHaus der Land- und Ernährungswirtschaft,Claire-Waldoff-Strasse 7, D-10117 Berlin, GermanyTel +49 (0)30 319 04-402Fax +49 (0)30 319 [email protected]

Deutscher Bauernver-band (DBv) e.v.

Tasks.and.aims.of.the.German.Farmers’.Association.

The German Farmers’ association (DBv) is the representation

of interests of agriculture and forestry in Germany. Founded

in 1948, the DBv provides farming families with a unified, free

and self-determined professional representation, for the first

time in German history. The DBv is politically and confession-

ally independent. More than 90 per cent of the roughly 300,700

farms in Germany are members of the DBv on a voluntary basis.

representation of interests for the German farmers means a

broad field – from agricultural and economic policy to prop-

erty, legal and tax policy, from environmental and commercial

policy to educational and social policy. one more specific task

of the DBv is also the representation of interests of the people

living in rural areas – the rural regions need to be strengthened

as economic, cultural and recreation areas. Equal conditions of

living in the countryside need to be assured.

With its federal constitution – DBv, federal state and regional

farmers’ associations – the farmers’ association speaks for the

concerns of its members on all political levels. The same applies

for the European level by the membership in the European

farmers’ association CoPa. The DBv, as a competent contact,

informs politicians, media and publicity authentically about

the economical and social situation of the farmers and current

topics of agricultural policy and markets. The DBv as a service

provider offers numerous services and exclusive information

to its members and supports them in the management of their

farms and in dealing with public authorities.

DBFZ(German Biomass Research Centre)Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank ScholwinTorgauer Strasse 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyTel +49 (0)341 24 34-112Fax +49 (0)341 24 [email protected]

Deutsches Biomasse-ForschungsZentrum (DBFZ)

The German Biomass research Centre (DBFZ) is an interdis-

ciplinary working research institute dealing with technical,

economic and environmental aspects of the use of biomass for

energy, both theoretically and practically addressed. Currently,

DBFZ has a staff of approximately 175 employees.

In addition to feasibility studies, expertise, technology

assess ments, scenario analysis, potential analysis, life cycle

assessments, modelling and simulations, the work focuses on

experimental research and development work in laboratories

as well as in a pilot and demonstration scale. DBFZ conducts

comprehensive projects in the fields of bioenergy production

as well as the utilization of organic waste materials. Particularly

with regard to the supply of biomethane, public and private

funded research projects, surveys, analysis and potential

studies are realised. nationally and internationally, DBFZ

consults energy suppliers, industrial companies as well as

public contractors.



DZ BanK aG

With the establishment of a specialised competence team,

agrarnaturEnergie (anE), DZ BanK is responding to the

increasingly important business areas of agriculture and

renewable energies. The task of the anE team is to actively sup-

port volksbanken raiffeisenbanken and their medium-sized

customers to implement and finance anE projects.

supplemented by special offers by vr Leasing and r+v ver-

sicherung, DZ BanK, with its long-standing experience, is a

competent financial partner in the cooperative Finanzverbund.

DZ BanK ensures ideal solutions for projects in the areas of

agriculture, wind or solar power, biogas/biomass, geothermal

energy and water power, using an individual and tailor-made

approach.

simply contact us if you wish to reduce the unsecured propor-

tions of your agricultural loan commitments or if you wish to

finance long-term loans with the involvement of relevant subsi-

dies or wish to pre-fund or interim-fund them. We can also help

with matters regarding to operating resource funding, variable

forms of funding, including interest and currency hedging, raw

material price hedging, or the validation of profitability cal-

culations. Furthermore, vr Leasing creates individual leasing

models for you and r+v versicherung covers possible risks with

its diversified product range.

DZ BANK AGExpertise for projects in the areas of agriculture, wind power, solar power, biogas/biomass, geothermal energy and water powerSteffen WeinknechtGertrudenstrasse 3, D-20095 Hamburg, GermanyTel +49 (0)40 359 00-495Fax +49 (0)40 359 [email protected] or [email protected]

EnBW vertrieb GmbH

all EnBW biomethane activities are bundled in the „renewable

Gas“ department of EnBW vertrieb GmbH. The business model

is to purchase biogas from existing or newly planned biogas

plants in Baden-Württemberg, to upgrade it to biomethane,

inject it into the biogas grid and offer flexible biomethane solu-

tions to EnBW customers.

via its affliate Erdgas südwest, EnBW has been operating a bi-

ogas feed-in plant close to Laupheim since 2008. since october

2010 EnBW is operating a second plant in Blaufelden-Emmerts-

bühl. The plant’s distinctive feature is that the upgraded biogas

is not fed into the high pressure grid but into the local biometh-

ane grid.

a second element of EnBW’s biogas strategy is the utilization

of so far unused biomass for energy generation. a special focus

here lies on residues based on food production. In context with

a project supported by the Federal Ministry for Education and

research, EnBW is part of a consortium for the upgrade of

biogas based on food residues. The gas thus generated will be

used as biofuel in vehicles. Commissioning of the research plant

with innovative membrane technology is planned for the end of

2011. Further large-scale plants for generating biomethane from

bio residues are in an early stage of development.

EnBW Vertrieb GmbHHerr Peter DrausniggTalstrasse 117, D- 70188 Stuttgart, GermanyTel +49 (0)711 289-44761Fax +49 (0) 721 [email protected]

57


EnviTec Biogas aG

EnviTec Biogas AGPlanning, Implementation, Commissioning, Operation and Service of biogas plants and biogas upgrading plantsChristian Ernst, Head of Sales GermanyBoschstraße 2 (Sales and Distribution), D-48369 Saerbeck, GermanyEnviTec Biogas AG, Industriering 10 a, D-49393 Lohne, GermanyTel+49 (0)2574 88 88-0Fax +49 (0)2574 88 [email protected]

as the market leader EnviTec Biogas aG covers the entire value

chain for the production of biogas. In addition, the company

also operates its own biogas plants.

at the end of 2009 EnviTec and Greenlane Biogas signed a li-

cense agreement for the manufacturing, construction and sales

of biogas upgrading plants throughout Europe. The process

used is pressurised water scrubbing. EnviTec Biogas offers gas

refinement plants with capacity ratings from 500 nm3.

EnviTec has already been involved as principal supplier in the

construction of the world’s largest plant for the production of

biogas to natural gas standards with a thermal output of 55

megawatts in Güstrow, in the German state of Mecklenburg-

Western Pomerania.

Enovos Luxembourg s.a.

Enovos is a merger of the three energy-supplying companies

Cegedel s.a. and soteg s.a. from Luxembourg as well as the Ger-

man saar Ferngas aG. Enovos offers public utilities, industrial

companies and private households a wide portfolio of energy-

and natural gas products at competitive prices.

Under the claim “Energy for today. Caring for tomorrow”

Enovos is presenting itself as a strong company who conse-

quently invests in renewable energy projects, like Biogas,

Biomass, Wind and Photovoltaics, all around Europe.

In the biogas business, Enovos holds a stake of 80% in the Ener-

giepark Trelder Berg GmbH. The Energiepark consists of three

biogas plants with a total electrical power of 5.1 MW.

In the biomethane production, Enovos holds a stake in the

Bioenergie Merzig GmbH. This biomethane plant is currently

under construction and will start commissioning in spring 2011.

The plant will produce 550 nm3 per hour and it is the first of this

kind in rhineland-Palatinate Externer Link and the saar-region.

The Bioenergie Merzig GmbH is a joint venture of stadtwerke

Merzig, E.on Bioerdgas and Enovos.

Further projects with biogas injection into the public natural

gas grid are under development.

as trading partner for biomethane, Enovos has long-time

experience in the trading business for natural gas with a well

established relation to its customers.

Enovos Luxembourg S.A.Renewables Energies & CogenerationSebastian Nolte, Project ManagerL-2089 LuxembourgTel +352 (0)2737-62 04Fax +352 (0)2737-61 [email protected]



Fachverband Biogas e.v.

The.association.for.the.renewable.energy.source.biogas.in.

Germany.

With about 4,500 members the German Biogas association is

Europe`s biggest biogas lobby. It unites owners, manufactures

and planners of biogas plants, and representatives of science

and research. The association with its 26 employees promotes

the extensive sustainable use of biogas technologies at Euro-

pean, national and regional levels. Besides the headquarters

in Freising, the association is represented in Berlin as well as in

three regional offices in the north, south and east of Germany.

In addition to the political representation of interests the Ger-

man Biogas association has the following aims:

advancement of technical development

Promotion, evaluation and intermediation of scientific

expertise and practical experience

Publications

Promotion of national and international intermediation of

experience

Formulation of quality standards

Through participation in European projects and its member-

ship in the European renewable Energies Foundation (ErEF),

the German Biogas association is an active initiator of the inter-

national pooling of experience. It is represented by a committee

elected by the general meeting of members. These are organized

into 24 regional groups.

The most important event of the branch is the Biogas annual

Conference. With more than 6,000 visitors this year, more visi-

tors than ever streamed into the 20th annual Conference of the

German Biogas association and Europe’s biggest biogas trade

fair.

German Biogas AssociationAngerbrunnenstraße 12, D-85356 Freising, GermanyTel +49 (0)8161 984660Fax +49 (0)8161 984670 [email protected] www.biogas.org

figawa e.v.

figawa has represented the utilities manufacturers and service

providers in the gas and water industries at a national and Euro-

pean level for over 80 years.

The association comprises three specialist divisions committed

to obtaining value for its more than 1,000 members by involve-

ment in the following:

Collaborating on the establishment of the relevant rules and

standards

Contributing to the certification of companies and products

by the DvGW

organising professional training and qualification courses

Providing a discussion platform for the elaboration of techni

cal and scientific issues

acquiring and presenting information

Contributing to the technical improvement of the facilities

and operating equipment needed to generate, extract, pro

cess, transport, distribute and use gas and water

Encouraging and promoting technical and scientific work

figawa is represented in the national (DvGW, DIn, DKE) and

international (CEn, CLC, Iso) standardisation committees and

contributes to the development of recognised technical stand-

ards at a European level.

figawa’s activities relate to:

The public supply of gas (high, medium and low pressure)

Home gas installations

The supply of gas to industry

The generation, processing and injection of gas into the gas

grid (biogas)

figawa Bundesvereinigung der Firmen im Gas- und Wasserfach e. V.Marienburger Straße 15, D-50945 Köln, GermanyPostfach 51 09 60Telefon +49 (0) 221 376 68-20Fax +49 (0) 221 376 [email protected]

59


Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and EnergyTechnology UMSICHTDr. Ing. Stephan KabasciOsterfelder Str. 3, D-46047 Oberhausen, GermanyTel +49 (0) 208/8598-11 64Fax +49 (0) 208/8598-14 24stephan.kabasci@umsicht.fraunhofer.dewww.umsicht.fraunhofer.dewww.biogaseinspeisung.de

Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, safety and Energy Technology UMsICHT

Fraunhofer UMsICHT develops and optimizes industry-oriented

environmental, process, material and energy technology. Its

goal is to harmonize sustainable economy, environmentally

friendly technology and innovative action in order to improve

quality of life and economical strength.

Fraunhofer UMsICHT optimizes biogas plants in terms of pro-

cess biology as well as process engineering. In the field of biogas

upgrading and injection the institute prepares national and

international market -, technology - and plant monitoring re-

ports and provides consultancy for decision makers concerning

further development of efficient biogas production, upgrading,

and utilization.

In GIs-based modelling and balancing of biomass production

in rural areas (potentials, emissions, logistics, sites), Fraunhofer

UMsICHT offers the development of biomass energy registers

for the sustainable development of energy supply concepts

and sites. Furthermore the institute has an interdisciplinary ap-

proach for topics such as public permits, land use planning and

public acceptance issues with respect to biogas projects.

Fraunhofer-Institute for Wind Energy and Energy systems Technology IWEs

Fraunhofer IWESDivision Bioenergy System Technology Dr. Bernd KrautkremerRodenbacher Chaussee 6, D-63457 Hanau, Germany [email protected]

Fraunhofer IWEs was established in 2009 through the merger

of the former Fraunhofer Center for Wind Energy and Maritime

Engineering CWMT in Bremerhaven and the Institut für solare

Energieversorgungstechnik IsET e.v. in Kassel. The research ac-

tivities of the Fraunhofer IWEs cover all aspects of wind energy

and the integration of renewable energies into energy supply

structures.

In some areas technologies using bio-mass as energy source

have already reached an advanced stage. The research activities

of Fraunhofer IWEs aim further. Improving energy efficiency,

adjusting biogas plants to future requirements (e.g. being part

of regenerative power plant parks) and improving usage and

commercialization opportunities are core elements. Therefore,

drawing comprehensive concepts, which improve energy bal-

ances and environmental performances is necessary, in order to

increase efficiency and decrease the costs of energy production.

The research is based on analyzing how energy sources, energy

conversion technologies and energy grids interact. Fraun-

hofer IWEs also addresses questions related to the production,

distribution and utilization of renewable methane. renewable

methane may come from biomass through biogas production

and conditioning or from excess grid power, which is generated

by other renewable energies (power to gas).

Covering all types of bioenergy applicable for electricity

production, Fraunhofer IWEs focuses on the demand oriented

bioenergy production. In addition, Fraunhofer IWEs supports

the development of advanced technologies or pilot plants for

industries and assesses technology performances.



GASAG AGDr. Guido BruchReichpietschufer 60, D-10785 Berlin, GermanyTel +49 (0)30 78 72-11 51Fax +49 (0)30 78 72-11 [email protected]

GasaG Berliner Gaswerke aktiengesellschaft

Company.profile..

The GasaG Berliner Gaswerke aktiengesellschaft has been a

part of the history of Berlin for more than 160 years. Today it

supplies gas to round about 600,000 customers. In Berlin, the

company’s name is synonymous with both gas supply security

and the use of innovative, environmentally friendly, energy sav-

ing technologies.

as a result of the 2007 initiation of the program “Berlin obliges

– decentralised energy supply as a chance.” Co2 emissions in

Berlin should decrease by one million tons. The program will

help secure a decentralised energy supply. It will also encour-

age the modernisation of heating systems and the development

of energy efficient and renewable resources such as biogas.

GrEEnFIELD EUroPE

GREENFIELD EUROPEFranz BraunLise-Meitner-Straße 5, D-82216 Maisach, GermanyTel +49 (0)8142 448 42 14Fax +49 (0)8142 448 42 10franz.braun@de.greenfield-comp.comwww.greenfield-comp.comwww.gastankstellen.de

GrEEnFIELD EUroPE is one of the leading natural gas station

constructing companies in Germany. a spin-off of the Mannes-

mann aG, GrEEnFIELD represents plant construction compe-

tence and long-standing experience. We are your specialist for

compressors, high pressure systems as well as for biomethane

and natural gas plants.

GrEEnFIELD does not only act as natural gas station packager,

but also as system supplier of turnkey plans. our services in-

clude planning, permits, project development, parts assembly,

operation and maintance. all plant components have been

developed by GrEEnFIELD.

We rely on the know-how of the global GrEEnFIELD GroUP,

which has erected more than 1,700 natural gas stations world-

wide. since 2007 a part of the atlas Copco Group, we have access

to more than 150 markets worldwide.

61


HaasE Energietechnik aG & Co. KG

Complete.biomethane.plants.and.high-end.components.for.

biogas.plants..

HaasE Energietechnik aG & Co. KG is one of the leading pro-

viders of procedural plants and technical components in the

fields of biogas technology and landfill technology. a major

focus is on biomethane technology, with the HaasE BiogasUp-

grader as most efficient technology for biogas refinement, and

complete biomethane plants. Furthermore, biogas CHP units,

biogas flares, and TechniqueCentres (pumps, heat, control) are

manufactured in neumuenster. support and supervision of

maintenance and plant operation are available for internatio-

nal customers.

HAASE.BiogasUpgrader.Rathenow.

The HaasE BiogasUpgrader refines biogas to biomethane by

organic-physical scrubbing. This particularly efficient method

is characterised by low methane emissions and low power con-

sumption. In addition to the reliable extraction of Co2, the Bio-

gasUpgrader simultaneously dehydrates and desulphurises the

raw biogas in one single process. surplus heat from the scrub-

bing process can be decoupled at 50 °C for further utilisation.

one of the HaasE BiogasUpgraders is in operation in rathenow,

Germany. With an average upgrading capacity of 1,130 m3/ h of

raw biogas, this unit is successfully feeding biomethane into the

gas grid since july 2009.

HAASE Energietechnik AG & Co. KGProcedural components for biogas plants; Complete biomethane plants with biogas upgrading and grid injectionJörg PolzerGadelander Straße 17, D-24539 Neumünster, GermanyTel +49 (0) (4321) 878-171Fax +49 (0) (4321) [email protected]

juwi Bio GmbH

Besides agricultural and industrial biogas plants the juwi group

also constructs biomass heating power and wood chip heating

plants in different dimensions.

With an annual turnover of about 860 million EUr in 2010 and

more than 1,000 employees juwi is one of the leading renewable

energy companies.

as an experienced project developer juwi is offering the whole

line-up of regenerative energy projects. juwi bio is taking care

of safeguarding an industry’s competitiveness and the raw ma-

terial supply as well as planning, getting permissions, financing,

realization up to the project management.

a main pillar for juwi bio is biogas plants on nawaro basis.

several modern plants with a magnitude of 500 kW have been

realized so far in connection with a good heating concept.

as the number of biogas facilities in Germany is constantly

rising, good locations with a reliable supply of substrates and

a convincing concept for energy recovery will be harder to

find. That is why juwi focuses on project development of biogas

plants with a feed into the gas grid.

Farmers participating are able to develop a second income. juwi

has designed participation models, for example a co-op.

Benefiting from juwi’s experience, authority and different par-

ticipation models farmers are part of a well-knit community.

Utilities profit from purchasing ecologically produced bio-

methane. It is turned into electric energy in a block heat and

power plant, where all lost heat can be used.

juwi Bio GmbHEnergie-Allee 1, D-55286 Wörrstadt, GermanyTel +49 (0)6732 96 57-0Fax +49 (0)6732 96 57-70 [email protected]



KWs saaT aG

KWs saaT aG is one of the world´s leading companies in plant

breeding, with activities in about 70 countries with more than

45 subsidiaries and affiliated companies. The product range

includes more than 250 seed varieties for sugar beet, maize, ce-

reals, oil seeds and potatoes. KWs conducted business in family

since 1856 in an independent and sustainable manner. Current-

ly, about 3500 employers work for the KWs group worldwide.

With research, breeding and the production of seeds which

yield increasingly stronger results, KWs stands at the beginning

of the value-added chain. Bioenergy takes a very special place in

renewable energy, as plants represent an almost inexhaustible

source of food and raw materials. KWs recognised this early and

designed its own breeding programme for energy plants.

KWs relies on whole plant usage and on the production of bi-

ogas energy, which is probably the most profitable and efficient

form of bioenergy generation in farming at the moment. The

greatest efficiency increases in biogas generation are achieved

from the perspective of KWs by combining the following

efficiency characteristics:

whole plant usage

combination of energy plants with liquid manure, dung and

organic residue

power-heat coupling and/or feeding into the existing natu-

ral gas network.

The KWs energy plant programme for biogas generation cur-

rently includes the cultures of maize, sugar beet, sorghum and

rye.

KWS SAAT AGDr. Andreas von FeldeGrimsehlstrasse 31Postfach 1436, D-37555 Einbeck, GermanyTel +49 (0)5561 311-542Fax +49 (0)5561 [email protected]

keep it green gmbh

keep it green – erneuerbare energien gmbhDipl.-Ing. Christian Kindsmüller, GeschäftsführerMünchner Straße 19A, D-82319 Starnberg, GermanyTelefon +49 (0)8151 446 37-0Fax +49 (0)8151 446 [email protected]

We are partner in the energy industry and plan and project

energy plants. Depending on our customers’ requirements, we

take advising our overall responsibility for project management

and project controlling in their plant engineering projects and

we support operation management and system optimization.

our services cover all project stages - from project development

to concept finding for the implementation of project until full

planning and implementation of the project.

as an independent engineering service provider we support

biogas feed-in plants and gas network operators equally in de-

velopment and implementation of new projects for bio-natural

gas.

our goal is the “all-round feel-good” package for our customers:

We examine and provide feed-in requests, calculate efficiency

and grid capacity and we examine required gas quality. We

plan and design biogas treatment plants and feed-in plants in-

cluding conditioning and feed-in compressors. We prepare the

required bidding and approval documents, provide construc-

tion supervision, HsC and all other required planning expenses.

We conceive a complete grid access along with all necessary

capacity expansions as a general planner.

apart from planning the facilities for bio-natural gas we project

and plan also rear compressor plants and transfer stations for

local area networks and industrial customers as well as network

enhancements.

63


Landwärme GmbH

Landwärme GmbH is an owner-managed project development

company based in Munich. specialized on biogas upgrading

and feeding biogas into the natural gas grid, Landwärme offers

a broad portfolio, including the following services:

Feasibility studies

Technological biogas upgrading designs

supply contract management

Planning and pollution control permit coordination

Grid connection design

Financing concepts

Biomethane marketing

Maintenance and operation concepts

Currently, we are focusing on gas upgrading extensions of exist-

ing biogas plants in a raw biogas capacity range from 500 to

2000 m3/h. We are presently developing more than 10 projects

all over Germany, e.g. in Zülpich or Marktoffingen. Further-

more, Landwärme is active in project development in Eastern

Europe.

Landwärme GmbHZoltan ElekProject development for biogas upgrade and feed-inUngererstrasse 40, D-80802 München, GermanyTel +49 (0)89 33 08 86 36Fax +49 (0)89 33 08 85 [email protected]

Mabagas GmbH & Co KG

Mabagas was founded in 2008 with the aim to realise biogas

projects for the generation of energy in the German and inter-

national market. Professional competence, reliability and deci-

siveness are our distinctive features. Thanks to our affiliation to

Marquard & Bahls-Group, we are a dependable, solid and strong

partner for customers and business associates. We furthermore

benefit from the experience, network and synergies of an inter-

national operating consortium.

To our customers we offer individual system solutions, covering

planning and developing, construction and operation of plants

up to delivering of biogas/ biomethan. Mabagas focuses on the

application of agricultural residues and animal by-products.

our target groups are municipal utilities and industry and trade

customers, which we supply with biogas/biomethane. addition-

ally to the conventional application of biogas/biomethane in

combined heat and power technology, Mabagas concentrates

on the utilization of biomethane as fuel, so called bio cng and

also as an admixing product in the heat market.

Mabagas is a subsidiary of Marquard & Bahls aG in Hamburg

and can draw from expertise that has been successfully applied

in the international energy and oil business for more than sixty

years. as the leading independent privately owned petroleum

company, Marquard & Bahls does business in the areas of oil

trading, tank storage, aviation fuelling, energy contracting and

renewable energies.

Mabagas GmbH & Co KGChristina GroddeckAdmiralitätstrasse 55, D-20459 Hamburg, GermanyTelefon +49 (0)40 370 04-814 Fax +49 (0)40 370 [email protected]



naWaro BioEnergie aG

NAWARO.BioEnergie.AG.–.Biogas.production.on.the.industrial.

scale..

.

The naWaro BioEnergie aG was founded in 2005 in Leipzig. Its

business model is the planning, construction and operation of

industrial scale bioenergy parks.

With the „naWaro BioEnergie Park „Klarsee“, the company

started operation of the world’s largest plant park for power

generation from biogas with a capacity of 20 MWel in 2006.

since june 2009, the naWaro BioEnergie Park „Güstrow“ is

feeding biomethane into the natural gas grid. With a capacity

of 55 MWth, this plant is the world’s largest plant for the produc-

tion of biomethane based on renewable primary sources – yet

again setting a new standard.

all sites developed by the naWaro BioEnergie aG are based on

an industrial approach guaranteeing an efficient plant capacity

utilisation and thus the best possible resource recovery. all work

processes are subject to permanent optimisation by naWaro’s

own research and development.

Thus, naWaro makes a contribution to the clean, secure and

affordable future energy production.

NAWARO BioEnergie AGPlanning, construction and operation of industrial scale biome-thane production plantsFrau Kristin Rother, Assistant to the BoardLiviastraße 8, D-04105 Leipzig, GermanyTel +49 (0)341 231 02 85Fax +49 (0)341 231 02 [email protected]

MT-BioMethan GmbH

Corporate.portrait..

MT-BioMethan GmbH was founded in May, 2008. The company,

originally an offshoot from the former gas treatment business

division of MT-Energie GmbH & Co. KG, supplies a complete

range of services in gas refinement and feeding.

The facilities are manufactured in series with three parallel

manufacturing stations at our new location in Zeven. We have

the combined knowhow and experience of twenty-five special-

ists from the energy industry, plant construction and process as

well as chemical engineering on our staff.

MT-BioMethan GmbH gas refinement technology is based on

the BCM-Process® designed by DGE Dr. Ing. Günther Engineer-

ing GmbH based in Wittenberg, a non-pressurised amine wash-

ing process that refines biogas to natural gas grade for feeding

into the gas supply network. Unlike conventional refinement

processes, the BCM-Process® excels in extremely low methane

losses of less than 0.1 per cent while reaching very high methane

concentrations in excess of 99 per cent.

MT-BioMethan GmbHSupplier for complete biogas processing, feeding and transport technologyKarsten WünscheLudwig-Elsbett-Strasse 1, D-27404 Zeven, GermanyTel +49 (0)4281 98 45-0Fax +49 (0)4281 98 45 -100www.mt-biomethan.comwww.mt-biomethan.com

65


n. v. nederlandse Gasunie

Gasunie is the first European gas transport company with a

cross-border network in the netherlands and Germany. The

excellent quality of our gas infrastructure, its strategic location,

its numerous connections to international gas flows and the

high levels of knowledge and experience of our staff, ensure

that our network forms the core of what is called the northwest

European “gas roundabout”.

Gasunie is also the first company in Europe to issue certificates

for trading green gas, which we do through our subsidiary

vertogas. vertogas guarantees the origin of the green gas for

each certificate it issues. This contributes to the successful evo-

lution of the market for green gas in the netherlands and other

countries in Europe.

The role of natural gas will gradually change, given that the

provision of renewable energy sources is entirely dependent

on the weather and therefore variable. Gas-fired power plants

can be quickly regulated and brought in to compensate for

fluctuations in the availability of solar and wind power. natural

gas thus acts as a back bone and facilitator for renewable energy

sources. and the addition of green gas, such as biogas, to natu-

ral gas will of course make the natural gas itself increasingly

sustainable.

N.V. Nederlandse GasunieGasunie is a European natural gas infrastructure companyConcourslaan 17, NL-9727 KC Groningen, NetherlandsTel +31 (0)50 521 21 42Fax +31 (0)50 521 19 [email protected]

Gasunie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KGPelikanplatz 5, D-30177 Hannover, GermanyTel +49 (0)511 64 06 07-0Fax +49 (0)511 64 06 [email protected]

ÖKOBiT GmbHFull-service provider for Biogas-/BioErdgasanlagen – Project/Construction/ServiceAchim NottingerJean-Monnet-Strasse 12, D-54343 Föhren, GermanyTel +49 (0)6502 938 59-0Fax +49 (0)6502 938 [email protected]

ÖKoBiT GmbH

Multi-feedstock.engineering.services.for.every.biogas.

and..biomethane.project..

Upgrading and feeding biogas into the natural gas grid is the

most efficient possible use of biomethane. ÖKoBiT combines

location-specific feedstock concepts with optimized biogas

system engineering services and upgrades individually tailored

to customer needs.

The individual standards of gas grid operators are decisive in

determining which biogas processing method is best in a given

situation, although the pressure washing method is usually

most favourable. From the fermentation of grass, renewable

primary products and organic material ranging from liquid

manure to food waste, ÖKoBiT offers multi-feedstock engineer-

ing services for every biomethane project.

The ÖKoBiT name means technical expertise and flawless

operation, whether one requires consulting, site selection,

feedstock safety services, or complete project implementation.

Innovative, reliable, cost-effective, and raL-certified!



PrIMaGas GmbH

PRIMAGAS GmbHMarco FischellLuisenstrasse 113, D-47799 Krefeld, GermanyTel +49 (0)2151 852-235Fax +49 (0)2151 [email protected]

PlanET Biogastechnik GmbH

PlanET Biogastechnik ranks amongst the leading biogas plant

builders worldwide. The company’s portfolio of service covers

all fields of biogas technology, from design, planning and plant

construction all the way to the refinement of biogas to natural

gas quality, maintenance and biological support by our own

laboratory. The business unit “rePowering” provides PlanET

with the possibility to increase the profitability of existing

plants. Thereby, the as a modular unit developed construction

kit-sYsTEMBIoGas-offers plant operators and Investors a high

level of flexibility. over 140 people are currently employed

in the national and international locations in nL, F and Can.

Worldwide PlanET has already successfully designed and built

180 biogas plants with sizes from 40 kW to several Megawatts.

The specialist consulting “Biogas Upgrade” of PlanET Biogas-

technik offers individual consultancy for farmers, energy sup-

pliers and engineering companies. apart of a plant operating

with amine scrubbing technology with 300 nm3/h raw biogas in

Germany, there exists a further plant in Canada with pressur-

ized water scrubbing technology with 800 nm3/h raw biogas.

PlanET Biogastechnik provides the latest upgrade technology

due to a tight international network to any relevant interna-

tional manufacturer of upgrade technology (chemical, physical

or a mixture of both). our experienced engineers accompany

you from production site analysis following the decision of the

ideal technology till the first injection into the biogas grid.

PlanET Biogastechnik GmbHTurn Key Biogas plants and Biogas upgradeAlexander SchönbergerUp de Hacke 26, 48691 Vreden, Netherlands Tel +49 (0)2564 3950 [email protected]

Specialist.on.liquid.gas.for.gas.upgrading...

.

With PrIMaGas biogas plant constructors, consumers and

small and medium enterprises rely on an innovative and

service-efficient partner, who is quickly in every corner of

Germany.

since more than 50 years PrIMaGas is standing for a secure

supply with liquid gas. as a part of sHv Gas, a worldwide operat-

ing group of LPG companies, also being the largest LPG dealer

worldwide, PrIMaGas benefits from comprehensive resources

and perfected logistics.

The gas comes from German refineries and the north sea area.

an international procurement via operated import terminals

and storage facilities in the whole of Germany secures the sup-

ply of more than 80.000 gas customers.

PrIMaGas has emerged in the last years to a demanded partner

of biogas plants. This achievements and services were officially

honored in 2009 by the Biogas association in Berlin. The biogas

is upgraded to natural gas quality, under enrichment with liq-

uid gas, to be injected to the public gas grid later. With PrIMa-

Gas liquid gas the high quality standard of network operators

is assured.

67


Propan-Gesellschaft mbH

Propan-Gesellschaft.–.Your.liquefied.gas.partner.for.biogas.feed-in..

Propan-Gesellschaft specializes in the construction, operation,

and supply of large container facilities throughout Germany.

With its own planning department, facility construction team,

and extensive expert knowledge, the company is guaranteed to

be the right partner for biogas facility builders and grid opera-

tors. The German Eichgesetz (verification act) requires that

liquefied gas be used to enhance the quality of biogas that is fed

into the natural gas system. Propan-Gesellschaft, a member of

the Deutscher verband Flüssiggas (German Liquefied Gas as-

sociation), upholds the stringent quality standards established

for liquefied gas in DIn 51622.

For 60 years, the name Propan-Gesellschaft has stood for a

reliable supply of liquefied gas – and not only for large con-

tainer facilities, but also in the case of small tanks, gas bottles,

and in the autogas segment. The gas is produced at refineries

in Europe and the north sea area and delivered via large tank

warehouses using our own fleet of tanker trucks and specific

shipping providers.

Economic efficiency, individuality, customized end-to-end solu-

tions from a single source – that’s the company philosophy of

Propan-Gesellschaft! This spring alone, several large container

facilities are scheduled to be built in the states of Brandenburg,

Hessen, and Baden-Württemberg.

Propan-Gesellschaft is your partner when it comes to realizing

new biogas projects!

Propan-Gesellschaft mbHLiquefied Gas Supplier / Enhancement of BiogasBjörn Briesemeister, Sales Manager large container facilitiesHammer Deich 134 –140, D-20537 Hamburg, GermanyTel+49 (0)40 21 11 02-50Fax +49 (0)40 21 77 [email protected]

ProTech Energiesysteme GmbH

Engineering.and.Installation..

ProTech delivers turn-key solutions with standardized ECoMaX

LPG tanks, vaporizers, and gas blenders for example for digester

gas conditioning. Under German law, we are a registered

company for gas, heating, and electrical installations as well as

cathodic corrosion protection.

Approval.

We are specialized in carrying out official applications required

by regulations and laws. standardized submissions help us to

achieve short approval periods.

Service.

ProTech services all gas installations, carries out mandatory

periodic inspections, and competently provides instructions,

and training to operator personnel, as required by law. The

company has established a 24 hour hotline for emergencies. For

assessments or surveys registered experts for gas installations

are in-house available.

as a member of the Tyczka Group we collaborate with gas

companies to offer flexible solutions in gas supply. Fill-levels are

transmitted remotely to provide a high quality of on-time gas

delivery.

ProTech is registered according to Iso 9001:2008 und sCC**.

ProTech Energiesysteme GmbHGas and Energy SystemsHannes K. Junginger, Managing DirectorOelgrabenstrasse 13, D-71292 Friolzheim, GermanyTel +49 (0)7044 94 22-0Fax +49 (0)7044 94 [email protected]



Law firm schnutenhaus & Kollegen

schnutenhaus & Kollegen is a highly specialised energy law

firm. We have been dealing closely with the legal and con-

tractual conditions of biogas feed-in from the outset and offer

comprehensive legal support of biogas feed-in projects. Based

in Berlin, we advise clients in all parts of Germany. The work of

four lawyers focuses on renewable energies, in particular on

biomass and biogas. Due to our focus on energy, climate protec-

tion and renewable energies, we offer a high level of legal ex-

pertise, economic and technical know-how and long-standing

experience in the energy sector. Depending on the project, we

cooperate in interdisciplinary teams with consulting engineers,

auditors, tax consultants, business consultants and banks.

Biogas.feed-in.–.consulting.is.essential.

The successful implementation of biogas feed-in projects re-

quires competent legal, economic and technical consulting.

We support feed-in projects at commercial, communal and

agricultural level. We advise on all relevant legal issues and

support our clients in all legal issues related to planning and the

authorisation process and ensure speedy implementation of

grid connection. We represent our clients’ legal interests versus

gas distribution service operators and draft the necessary ag-

reements and contracts for delivery & purchase of biomass and

crude biogas and as well as for feed-in, balancing and trading

with biomethane.

Schnutenhaus & KollegenLegal support for biogas feed-in projectsRechtsanwalt Hartwig von BredowReinhardtstrasse 29B, D-10117 Berlin, GermanyTel +49 (0)30 25 92 96-30Fax +49 (0)30 25 92 [email protected]

r.e Bioenergie GmbH

r.e Bioenergie GmbHTechnology-independent project development, construction and operation of biogas plants; Trading of biomethane via sister company re. Biomethan GmbHTorsten WarmboldLudwig DinklohBlumenstraße 16, D-93055 Regensburg, GermanyTelefon +49 (0)941 69 87 30-0Fax +49 (0)941 69 87 [email protected]

r.e Bioenergie GmbH is a leading project developer and inde-

pendent service provider for biogas and photovoltaic power

plants. The company belongs to the pioneers of the renewable

energy sector and plans, builds and operates power plants since

1996.

The design and operation of large biogas plants in the mega-

watt class have been established as one of the core competen-

cies. The portfolio offered by r. e Bionergie spans the entire

value of the energy production process: from the initial feasibil-

ity analysis to the trading with bio-methane, power and heat.

The scope of supply of r.e Bioenergie includes the following

services which can be combined subject to customer, location

and project:

Project development with determination and securing of

location

substrate management and digestate usage

Choice of technology

Planning and permitting

Construction and commissioning as general contractor

operation, technical and biological service

Feeding-in and Trading of biomethane, via re. Biomethan

GmbH

The company has its head office in regensburg, Germany with

own branches and subsidiaries in spain, Hungary, Poland and

Indonesia.

69


rEs Projects GmbH

Partner.for.biomethane.projects.–.consulting,.development,.

operating.enhancement..

In 2003, rEs Projects GmbH has been involved in the develop-

ment and control of the first biomethane feeding-in project in

Germany. since then, rEs successfully has accomplished many

other biogas and biomethane projects.

By technical specialization and interdisciplinary consulting

teams, we cover the entire biogas value-added chain and bun-

dle all skills for consulting, development and operational en-

hancement of biogas and biomethane projects. With a proven

project approach and comprehensive experience from numer-

ous projects, we daily work with passion towards a sustainable

andlocally rooted energy supply of the future. In partnership

with our customers we realize this vision – rEs is ‘energy for

generations’.

With our range of services, rEs Projects paves the way for your

biogas project:

Gas network connection – Feasibility studies – Initial opera-

tion

Technology consulting – Funding concept – substrate

analysis

Logistics concept – site selection – Project management

– Investor identification – Profitability calculation – Public

relations

operation enhancement – approval process – Tender – Pro-

ject development – Public funding – Contractual affairs

RES Projects GmbHConsulting, development and control of biomethane projectsDr. Bernhard ThierschGanghoferstrasse 68a, D-80339 München, GermanyTel +49 (0)89 316 05 79-500Fax +49 (0)89 316 05 [email protected]

RWE Vertrieb AGBernd SpringorumFreistuhl 7, D-44137 Dortmund, Germany Tel +49 (0) 231-438-1115 [email protected]

rWE vertrieb aG

rWE vertrieb aG in Dortmund supplies over 4 million custom-

ers in Germany with electricity and natural gas and numbers

among the largest energy supply utilities and providers of ener-

gy-related services. Within the rWE Group, rWE vertrieb aG is

furthermore responsible for marketing and trading biogas.

Generating electricity and heat using biogas-fired cogeneration

plants (CHP) is a particularly interesting option for commercial

and business customers. These are able to use the heat gener-

ated from renewable sources either for meeting their own heat

demand or they can supply heat to third-party customers.

our energy specialists can find suitable CHP plant sites for cus-

tomers and develop benefit-driven, individual solutions. These

Contracting concepts are based on the experience we have

gathered ourselves as an owner and operator of CHP plants.

Customers profit from stable and calculable heat prices through

our energy services projects. In addition, rWE also manages the

full gas process chain and secures the renewable energy sources

act (EEG) subsidies.



STEAG New Energies GmbHContracting and Application of Renewable EnergiesPeter Ney, Communications and PRSt. Johanner Straße 101–105, D-66115 Saarbrücken, GermanyTel +49 (0)681 94 94-00Fax +49 (0)681 94 [email protected]

Städtische Werke AG, KasselSupply with Electicity, Natural Gas, heat from a district heating network, Water, Energy Services, Running of public bath and street lightingLars Pingel, Projektentwicklung erneuerbare EnergienKönigstor 3 –13, D-34117 Kassel, GermanyTel +49 (0)561 [email protected]

sTEaG new Energies GmbH

städtische Werke aG, Kassel

With.renewable.Energies.for.more.climate.protection.

sTEaG new Energies GmbH, part of the sTEaG Group, is a

European specialist in decentralized energy supply. In keeping

with present climate protection policy, it specializes in provid-

ing custom-tailored solutions based on efficient and sustainable

concepts. Energy sources range from biomass, biogas, wind

energy and mine gas to utilization of geothermal energy.

The städtische Werke aG participates in two biogas upgrad-

ing plants in Homberg (Efze) and in Willingshausen-ransbach.

Both places are located in Hessen. The power supply company

from Kassel takes and utilizes the biomethan at combined heat

and power unit places, where thermal power is needed the

whole year like in public swimming pools, hospitals or in other

industrial companies. Moreover the städtische Werke aG trades

with biomethan.

For using and trading biomethan the städtische Werke aG ac-

counted the input and output amounts of biomethan in accord-

ance with the rules of the GasnZv.

Further biogas upgrading projects in whole Germany where

the städtische Werke aG will be involved are in the process of

project planning.

71


TÜV NORD GroupDirk Holle(EEG, Certification Biogas) [email protected] Westphalen (Safety System) [email protected] Preußker-Thimm (Odour and sound emission measurement) [email protected]

Locations: Langemarckstrasse 20, D-45141 Essen, GermanyTel +49(0)201 825-0Am TÜV 1, D-30519 Hannover, GermanyTel +49(0)511 986-0Große Bahnstrasse 31, D-22525 Hamburg, GermanyTel +49(0)40 85 57-0Zimmerstrasse 23, D-10969 Berlin, GermanyTel +49(0)30 201 77 430www.tuev-nord.de/en

TÜv norD Group

Based on many years of experience, the TÜv norD Group (with

more than 8.500 employees worldwide) has comprehensive

know-how in certification of green electricity and biogas prod-

ucts as well as in the appraisal and final inspection of biogas –

and upgrade plants.

The clients of TÜv norD Group are provided with support, from

the planning phase through the approval process up to safe

and environmentally-friendly operation of the plant. a further

important aspect is the legal compliance of operational and

systems management within the company as a whole.

The environmental assessment organisation of TÜv norD

Group fulfils the legal requirements needed to check remunera-

tion claims of biogas plant operators. If the rules of EEC 2009 are

adhered to, operators can claim different types of bonus (e.g.

technology bonus, waste heat use, use of renewable resources

and liquid manure).

Thüga Energie GmbH is a modern, customer-oriented energy

supplier belonging to Thüga aG, the largest municipal energy

group in Germany. approx. 145,000 customers in the regions

of Hegau (south of Baden-Württemberg), the area west of Lake

Constance, allgäu-Upper swabia and rhine-Hesse-Palatinate

are supplied with electricity, natural gas and heat.

renewable energies are not only an integral part of the range

of products offered, but Thüga Energie GmbH also invests in

most recent technologies. The latest major project is a biogas

treatment plant operated in co-operation with the companies

Franz rupp Gaserzeugung Gbr and Brv – Biologische reststoff

verwertung GmbH.

More.efficiency.thanks.to.innovative.technology.

In its biogas plant located in Kisslegg-rahmhaus the company

Franz rupp recycles foodstuffs which are unfit for consumption.

The ultra-modern treatment plant, put into operation in May

2010, transforms the gas mixture into a biogas which reaches

natural gas quality.

Thanks to the innovative membrane technology used in the bio-

gas plant, the treatment of the gas is possible without the need

of process water or chemical detergents.

The processed bio-natural gas is fed into the natural gas grid

and can be used as fuel and energy source. With the biogas

generated in Kisslegg it is possible to supply approx. 1,000

households.

Thüga Energie GmbH

Thüga Energie GmbHYork-Alexander Batsch (Thüga AG in Munich)Manager Renewable Energy and Systems EngineeringIndustriestr. 9, D-78224 Singen, GermanyTel +49 (0) 89 [email protected]



TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbHElena SchmidtWestendstraße 199, D-80686 München, GermanyTel +49 (0) 89 57 91 34 11Fax +49 (0) 89 57 91 27 [email protected]/energie-zertifizierung

TÜv sÜD Industrie service GmbH

TÜv sÜD has long-standing international experience in the

field of energy certification. We provide certification services

for traditional ecopower products, generation of tradable

certificates and renewable energy plants. our latest TÜv sÜD-

service “GreenMethane” offers the certification of biogas which

is fed into the natural gas grid.

The certification service is designed for:

operators of plants for biogas generation and grid injection

Traders of biomethane

Providers of biomethane end user products

network operators

Documentation and verification of the plant technology and

feedstock are vital due to the physical separation of produc-

tion and consumption. The TÜv sÜD standard GreenMethane

provides a reliable system for documentation, auditing and cer-

tification. Market participants holding this certificate benefit

from the new regulations of the European renewable Ener-

gies Directive, the German renewable Energies Heat act, the

German renewable Energy sources act (EEG) and the biofuels

sustainability ordinance.

WELtec BioPower GmbH

Established in 2001, WELtec BioPower GmbH is a leading

provider of complete biogas plants. Based on the long-standing

experience of the parent companies and the modern approach

of young engineers, the company, with its staff of 55, offers

complete solutions from one source.

as the hydrogen sulphide and ammonia compounds contained

in biogas corrode unprotected parts, WELtec makes use of stain-

less steel fermenters, ensuring a long life of the plant. WELtec

BioPower uses only proven system components and develops

most of the technologies internally, such as fermenter technolo-

gy, mixing technology, control technology, sanitation systems,

and digestate processing solutions. Thanks to its advanced

production depth, WELtec does not need to purchase any parts

or material and guarantees a consistently high quality around

the globe. WELtec BioPower biogas plants are characterised by

a modular structure. This enables individual and flexible solu-

tions.

In Könnern (saxony-anhalt) WELtec BioPower has built one of

the largest biogas-parks in the world with upgrading facilities

and direct feed-in of biomethane into the public grid, where 15

million cubic metres of biomethane are fed into the grid. Cur-

rently, WELtec BioPower is planning and building more biogas

parks with direct gas feed-in, such as Barsikow, Brandenburg,

which will generate 4,8 million cubic metres of biomethane per

year from late 2010 on.

WELtec BioPower GmbH is one of the first providers of complete

biogas plants to be certified by TÜv rheinland according to the

environmental management standard DIn En Iso 14001:2004

and the quality management standard DIn En Iso 9001:2000.

WELtec BioPower GmbHSales Director Hajo SchierholdZum Langenberg 2, D-49377 Vechta, GermanyTel +49 (0)4441 999 78-0Fax +49 (0)4441 999 [email protected]

73


Windwärts Energie GmbH

Windwärts Energie GmbH carries out biogas projects in Ger-

many aimed at local heat recovery with an output of more than

500 kWel and for directly feeding biomethane into the natural

gas network with an output of more than 300 cbm/h.

The company sets a high value on a transparent project devel-

opment, an active and open communication towards residents

and business partners as well as on a close collaboration with

local authorities and landowners. For projects which are ready

for construction, Windwärts Energie GmbH develops a reliable

financing concept, and remains responsible for the ongoing

operations management of the sites.

Windwärts Energie GmbH is an internationally active company

in the renewable energy industry. The company’s core business

is the development, financing and operation of wind, solar and

biogas projects. as an issuing company for sustainable invest-

ments, it offers financial participation in its energy projects.

Windwärts Energie GmbH was established in 1994, employs a

workforce of about 100 people and has subsidiaries in France,

Italy and Greece.

Windwärts Energie GmbHRenewable energy projectsFred WokittelHanomaghof 1, D-30449 Hannover, GermanyTel +49 (0)511 12 35 73-0Fax +49 (0)511 12 35 [email protected]

RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS

Abbreviations.

BtL Biomass-to-Liquid

BHKW BlockheizkraftwerkCH4 Methane CHP Cogeneration of Heat and PowerCO2 Carbon Dioxide DVGW (Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches) German Technical and Scientifical Association for Gas and WaterDEA Diethanol Amine WashingDP (Druckstufe) Pressure Stage EEG (Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz) German Renewable Energy Sources Act EEWärmeG (Erneuerbare Energien-Wärme-Gesetz) German Renewable Energy Heat ActFNR (Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) German Agency for Renewable ResourcesGasNZV (Gasnetzzugangsverordnung) German Gas Network Access Ordinance GWh Gigawatt Hour H2S Hydrogen SulphideIEKP (Integriertes Energie- und Klimaprogramm) Integrated Energy and Climate Programme kWh Kilowatt Hour MEA Monoethanol Amine Washing MWh Megawatt HourNH3 Ammonia Nm3 Normal Cubic MeterPSA Pressure Swing AdsorptionPWS Pressurised Water Scrubbing

abbreviations.

Glossary..

Glossary.

Anaerobic biological decomposition Degradation of organic substance with the help of anaerobic bacteria; one effect is biogas release. Biogas Product of the anaerobic biologic decomposition of organic substances. Consists of 45 –70 per cent methane, 30 –55 per cent carbon dioxide, marginal amounts of nitrate, sulphide and other trace gases. In legal texts and ordinances, the term biogas may also relate to gas upgraded to natural gas quality (also called “Bio- Natural Gas” or “Biomethane”). For gas right after the fermentation process, the terms raw biogas or bio-raw gas are often used.Biomethane Coinage, Term for methane of biological origin, applied for biogas upgraded to natural gas quality, synonym for bio-natural gas.Bio-natural gas Coinage, term for biogas upgraded to natural gas quality and injected into the natural gas grid, synonym for biomethane.Cogeneration of Heat and Power Simultaneous conversion of implanted energy in mechanical / electrical energy and useable heat. In a cogeneration process, the energy included in an energy source (e.g. biogas) is efficiently used since the heat generated during the power production process is used for the heating of production processes. Desulphurisation Biogas upgrade process step in which the sulphur portion included in raw biogas is removed in a biological and/or chemical process.Digestate Biogas production residues after fermentationEnergy plants Plants grown specifically for energy utilisation, whose energy is made usable by processes of fermentation, burning and gasification.Fermentation Multi-stage process in which organic substances are degraded under conditions of oxygen deficiency and moist surroundings. One product of this process is biogas, synonym for digestion. H-Gas (Natural Gas H) Gas classification, in which “H“ stands for “high“. Natural gas of this quality possesses a calorific value of ca.12 kWh/Nm3 Injection Process of the feeding of biomethane into the natural gas grid.

L-Gas (Natural Gas L) Gas classification, in which “L“ stands for “low“. Natural gas of this quality possesses a calorific value of ca.10 KWh/Nm3 Manure Collective term for dung and urine of agricultural farm animals, possibly together with litter Normal Cubic Metre (Nm3) Measuring unit for the amount of gas which under “normal conditions” equals the volume of a cubic metre. Normal conditions include a 1.01325 bar pressure level, 0 per cent humidity and a temperature of 0 °C (DIN 1343) or 15 °C (ISO 2533) Proof of Origin Certifiacte stating that a biomethane quantity taken from the natural gas grid equals the amount of biomethane fed into the natural gas at another point of injection regard-ing quality and amount. Especially important for the validation of EEG-feed-in tariffs (such as the renewable primary products bonus) for power generated from biomethane. PSA Pressure Swing AdsorptionRaw Biogas Biogas in the raw state right after the fermentation process (before upgrade processes). Often also referred to as bio-raw gas.Renewable Primary Products Collective term for resources generated in agriculture and forestry operations such as wood, flax, rape, sugar substances and starch from beets, potatoes or corn. As well as plants for energy use, the term also includes plants or industrial use.Upgrade Process to enrich the quality of biogas. A CO2-separation (= methane enrichment) is necessary to achieve natural gas qual-ity by increasing the methane portion of raw biogas (45 –70 per cent) to the local quality (natural gas L ca. 85 per cent, natural gas H up to 99 per cent). Wobbe Index Data used for the quality characterisation of com bustion gases. Similar Wobbe data points to the interchange-ability of gases without further modifications of combustion nozzles, for example.


Publications.

Free copies of all publications on biomethane listed below may

be ordered via [email protected].

Brochure:.“biogaspartner.–.gemeinsam.einspeisen”.

The German “biogaspartner – gemeinsam einspeisen” bro-

chure provides an overview of biogas grid feed-in in Germany

and Europe. The publication spans the entire biomethane

value chain, from biogas production, upgrade and feed-in

into the gas grid to the various applications in combined heat

and power plants, heat production or use as biofuel in natural

gas vehicles. It covers market development, political and legal

framework and technologies as well as market actors active in

the biogaspartner project.

80 pages, German

Flyer:.“Biomethane.–.The.Smart.Solution.for.the.Future“..

.

“Biogaseinspeisung.–.die.intelligente.Lösung.für.die.Zukunft“.

.

There are many good reasons for the upgrade and feed-in of

biogas into the gas grid. This handy brochure, available in Ger-

man and English, presents the most important facts on biogas

grid feed-in at a glance.

20 pages, German/English

Further “biogaspartner” publications on biomethane.

Biogaseinspeisung – die intelligente Lösung für die Zukunft.

Biomethane – The Smart Solution for the Future.

biogaspartner – gemeinsam einspeisen.

Biogaseinspeisung in Deutschland und Europa –Markt, Technik und Akteure.

77

Publications.

Report:.“Biomethan.im.KWK-.und.Wärmemarkt”

In collaboration with partners joined in the biogaspartner pro-

ject, the Deutsche Energie agentur GmbH(dena) – the German

Energy agency – has published a report on biomethane sales

markets in Germany. It analyses the combined heat and power

sector as well as the heat market. The report presents findings

on the market development status quo, provides market share

prognoses and offers recommendations for speedy market

penetration of biomethane in Germany.

43 pages, German

Factsheet:.“Biomethan.als.Kraftstoff:.Quotenübertragung”.

This fact sheet informs you on the role of biomethane in context

with the government’s biofuel goals. Furthermore it provides

information business models concerning biomethane and the

obligations regulated by the biofuels quota act. advantages

of biomethane different actors involved and respective sales

options are especially highlighted.

4-Pager, German

Factsheet:.“Biomethan:.Grüne.Energie.im.Erdgasnetz”.

How much acreage is available for biomethane production

in Germany? Where does biomethane come from, and is it

really eco-friendly? What am I to expect if a biomethane plant

is built in my neighbourhood? This 4-pager provides answers

to frequently asked questions on biomethane production and

utilization. It offers compact and coherent knowledge, helps

to ease prejudices and supports stakeholder communications

during the planning phase of biomethane plants.

4-Pager, German

Biomethan im KWK- und Wärmemarkt.

Status Quo, Potenziale und handlungsempfehlungen für eine beschleunigte marktdurchdringung.


Imprint.

Publisher.

Deutsche Energie-agentur GmbH (dena)

German Energy agency

renewable Energies

Chausseestrasse 128 a

10115 Berlin, Germany

Tel +49 (0)30 72 61 65-600

Fax +49 (0)30 72 61 65-699

E-mail.

[email protected]

Internet.

www.biogaspartner.com

www.dena.de

Editor.

Michael Herr, dena

sandra rostek, dena

Layout.

Katrin schek, kursiv, Berlin

Photos.

aboutpixel.de/Fischlein/Gastmann, B.KWK e. v., BMr e. v.,

DvGW e. v., erdgas schwaben gmbh, Erdgas Mark Brandenburg

GmbH , Landwärme GmbH, MT-BioMethan GmbH, ÖKoBiT

GmbH, rWE Energy aG, schmack Biogas aG, digitalstock.de,

pixelio.de

Printed.by:

H&P Druck, Berlin

Date: 8/2011

Important.Note.

all rights reserved. any use is subject to consent by dena.

all content has been prepared with the greatest possible care

and is provided in good faith. dena provides no guarantee

regarding the currency, accuracy and completeness of the

information provided. dena accepts no liability for damages of a

tangible or intangible nature caused directly or indirectly by the

use of or failure to use the information provided, unless dena

can be proven to have acted with intent or gross negligence.

This publication was prepared with the kind support of the

partners in the biogaspartner project.


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