bioenergy research group 1 aston university bioenergy research group (berg) dr daniel j. nowakowski...
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Bioenergy Research GroupBioenergy Research Group 1
Aston University Bioenergy Research Group(BERG)
Dr Daniel J. Nowakowski pp. Prof. Anthony V. Bridgwater
NEPIC Innovation DayRamside Hall Hotel – Carrville, County Durham, 15.11.2011
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Objective of BERG
● To apply chemical engineering science and technology to help provide sufficient energy, fuels and chemicals from renewable and sustainable resources for the needs of today and tomorrow.
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Achievements● International leader in thermal biomass conversion
research● Funding of more than £22 million● Operational since 1979● Collaborators in 33 countries● Partners in 14 countries
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Bioenergy Research Group
BERGscope and activities
Electricity, Heat
Chemicals
Synthesis Refine
Biofuels
Biomass production & processing
Thermal conversion
Processing
Integrated bioenergy system
Prepare and pretreat
BiorefineryProducts & Markets
Wood, Energy crops, Residues, Wastes
Pyrolyse
System
UpgradeRefine
Biological conversion
Hydrolyse Ferment
Gasify
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Focus● The main focus of our research is fast pyrolysis● This is an advanced thermal process that produces up to
75% wt. liquid (bio-oil) from biomass with some byproduct char and gas
● The liquid can be used for:● Power generation in engines and turbines
● Heat in boilers and co-firing
● Chemicals directly or via upgrading and separation
● Energy carrier to reduce handling & storage of biomass
● Biofuels by upgrading
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5-7 kg/h fast pyrolysis fluid bed
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Continuous bubbling fluid bed with full computer control
Liquid collection by quench and ESP
Gas recycle for fluidisation
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1 kg/h fast pyrolysis fluid bed
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100 and 300 g/h fluid bed
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4 continuous fluid beds : 100 g/h to 5-7 kg/h 2 continuous ablative reactors : 4kg/h and ~20kg/h, Hot vapour filter Microwave micro-reactor, Synthesis micro-reactor TGA and Py-GC-MS/FID
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20 kg/h ablative pyrolysis reactor
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Biomass in
Vapours out
Char out
Heat
HeatHeat
Heat
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Results
• Three phase chart for blends with bio-butanol
• Initial Newtonian behaviour
• Long term stability pending
Bio-oil blends with bio-diesel
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Other facilitiesMicro-reactors● CDS high pressure and catalyst
reactor system● Microwave● Pressurised synthesis and upgrading reactor● Autoclave
Analysis and characterisation● Extensive facilities for analysis and characterisation of:
● feedstocks
● intermediates
● products
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Our contributions to fast pyrolysis● Biomass pretreatment and preparation● Fast pyrolysis in fluid beds (4 units) and ablative (2 units)● Reactor design and modelling● Analytical pyrolysis● Catalytic pyrolysis● Liquid collection and upgrading● Extensive liquid analysis and characterisation facilities● Chemicals recovery and refining● Nitrogenolysis for fertiliser production● Biofuel production by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, zeolites
and hydrotreating upgrading of fast pyrolysis products● Technical and economic assessment of bioenergy chains
for electricity, biofuels, chemicals, biorefineries
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Bioenergy chain
Biomass Preparation & Pretreatment
Thermal conversionCombustion, Gasification,
Pyrolysis
Power & heat generation
Biofuel production & refining
Power
Heat
Biofuels
ChemicalsChemicals production
Products
Biofuel chain
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Biofuel chains
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Gasoline, diesel, kerosene, SNG
Refining
Methanol synthesis
MTG , MOGD, TigasMt-Synfuels
Syngas
Liquid bio-oil
Biomass
Gasification Zeolitecracking
Hydro-treating
FischerTropsch
synthesis
Bio-oil
Fast pyrolysis
Utilities
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Fertilisers
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Nitrogenolysis to Slow Release
Fertiliser
Pyrolysis
Bio-oil
Gasification
Biomass as energy crops or residues
Ammonia synthesis External fertiliser
applications
Nitrogen source
Fuel cell
Ammonia based hydrogen storage
Fertiliser production
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Esters from bio-oil
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Distillation product after esterification with
WD catalyst
Raw bio-oil
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1 Resources
Marine biomass
6 Systems analysis
SUPERGEN Bioenergy II
7 Innovation
2 Characterisation& Pretreatment
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Newsletter
Website
Bioenergy Research
Forum
Showcase
Nitrogen3 Thermalconversion
4 Power & Heat5 Biofuels &
Biorefinery
Ammonia
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Process modelling● Processes are being modelled in terms of:
● Performance● Capital cost; Product cost● Environment; Socio-economics
● Variability is considered in terms of:● Scale ● Uncertainty; Learning● Process design; System design
● Objectives include:● Impact of pyrolysis as pretreatment method● Process route to hydrocarbons● Integration with refineries● Fertiliser production as Ammonia and Slow release
fertiliser
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Process model – 3252 processes
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European Bioenergy Research Institute
● BERG is a founder member of EBRI – the European Bioenergy Research Institute
● EBRI will create a unique platform for the development and implementation of bioenergy systems in local, national and European contexts as well as reaching for International community
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www.aston-berg.co.uk