bio 9c: wednesday, january 27, 2010 title: cell specialization, part 2
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Bio 9C: Wednesday, January 27, 2010 Title: Cell Specialization, Part 2. Homework: Read Section 35-2 (pgs 897-900). and take notes using active reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details. Do Now: Look over your midterm exam In your notebook, write down: One thing you did well - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Bio 9C: Wednesday, January 27, 2010Title: Cell Specialization, Part 2
Homework: Read Section 35-2 (pgs 897-900). and take notes using active
reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details.
Do Now: Look over your midterm exam In your notebook, write down:
One thing you did well One thing you could have improved on Any questions you have about the midterm
On the anonymous survey, respond to the survey questions honestly.
Today’s Objectives: Review the Midterm Exam and answer MAJOR questions (individual
issues need to be discussed after school) Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit
their functions
Today’s Agenda
Review Midterm Exam results Class and grade results Major questions you have
Cell Specialization Investigation Worksheet w/ a partner Class discussion & brief notes
Notes on neurons and divisions of the nervous system
Midterm Exam Results
• Class Average Grade: 81• Class Median Grade: 82
• 9th Grade Average Grade: 76• 9th Grade Median Grade: 79Class Data Graphed
Grade on 2009 Midterm Exam
• Number of 9C Students with each exam score
• 19 students with passing score
A (100
-90)
B (89-
80)
C (79-
70: l
owes
t is 7
5)
D (69-
65)
F (65
-bel
ow)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Bio 9C Midterm Grades
9C
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Investigate Cell SpecializationSpecialized Cells have Specialized Structures
“Typical” Cell “Mystery” Cell
THE NERVOUS SYSTEMPHA Biology 9
Moretti and Dickson
Neurons:Structure and Function
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the
body
Neuron = a specialized nerve cell Function: communicate with body organs
by sending electrical signals (impulses) Structure:
Long branches send and receive signals
Cell body coordinatesincoming and outgoing signals
Neurons:Structure and Function
Neurons:Structure and Function
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the
body
Dendrites: branched extensions, carry impulses toward cell body
Cell Body: nucleus & organelles
Axon: Takes impulses away from cell body
Neurons:Structure and Function
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the
body
Axon
Dendrites
Cell Bod
y
Nervous System:The 2 Major Divisions
Central Nervous System Brain and spinal cord
Brain: Processes information and controls responses
Spinal cord: Links brain to other nerves and controls reflex responses.
Peripheral Nervous System All other nerves throughout the
body Motor neurons send info
from brain to muscles Sensory neurons send info
from sense organs to brain
Image: Adam, Inc.; http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/8679.jpg
Objectives for Class:• Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components
Nervous System:Major Divisions Working Together
Objectives for Class:• Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components
Bio 9C: Thursday, January 28, 2010Title: Reaction Time Lab
Homework: Complete the Reaction Time Lab analysis
Do Now: Briefly Review Pre-Lab
Today’s Objectives: Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous
System and their major components Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons
and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Lab: Testing the Reaction Time of Different Muscle Groups
Abstract:When a glass drops from a table and shatters, you turn your head to see what happened. This is just one example of how your nervous system senses and responds to stimuli. In this lab, we will test how fast you can react to various stimuli. First, I’ll need a volunteer with cat-like reflexes for a quick demonstration. Then, you’ll test the reaction time of different muscle groups (fingers vs. arms) by measuring how far a meter stick falls before you can catch it.
Demo Part I – Measuring Reaction Time of Finger Muscles
Complete Lab and Record Data Part II – Measuring Reaction Time of Arm Muscles
Complete Lab and Record Data
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Reaction Time Lab: Class Averages
Group Name Finger Reaction (cm) Arm Reaction (cm)
Rishab and Ashley 14.9 cm 15.7 cm
Alejandra and Rowan 14.5cm 22cm
Milly and Michael 16.4 cm 17.9 cm
Yasmine and Aaliyah 20.6 cm 18 cm
Derrell and Jasmine 12.4 14.6
Alain and Kiraleah 14.7 cm 23.5 cm
Nehemie and Hannah 13.6 cm 18.5 cm
Drishti and Maddie 15.4 cm 19.5 cm
Gustavo and Martin 13 cm 16.5 cm
Carl and Erik 10.7cm 11.6cm
Arielle and Beverly 14.4cm 17.8cm
Class Average 14.6 cm 17.8 cm
Bio 9C: Friday, January 29, 2010Title: Structure and Function of Nerve Cells
Homework: In notebook – 2 paragraphs summarizing class notes (see assignment sheet for details…)
How do the brain, spinal cord, sensory nerves, and motor nerves work together to sense and respond to a stimulus?
How does the structure of a neuron fit its function? Prepare for Monday’s in-class essay (quiz grade) by completing the last question on the Reaction Time
Lab Explain how the nervous, muscle, and skeletal systems worked together to allow you to sense
and react to the stimulus in this lab experiment.
As part of your answer: Begin with the stimulus (you can choose one of the experiments you did in class, not both). Explain how the structures of the Nervous System sense the stimulus, transport an impulse, and
transmit it to the Muscle System (10 pts) Explain how the structures of the Muscle System receive the impulse and turn into an action
(contraction). (4 pts) Explain how the Muscle System connects to the Skeletal System and causes movement (6 pts) Be sure to include appropriate vocabulary and terminology.
Do Now: What is the difference between a dendrite and an axon? How do they relate to the overall function of a neuron?
Today’s Objectives: Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals
throughout the body
Neurons:Structure and Function
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the
body
Axon: Takes impulses away from cell body
Dendrites: branched extensions, carry impulses toward cell body
Cell Body: nucleus & organelles
Nerve Impulse:A “wave” of electricity that travels through the neuron
3 Steps of a Nerve Impulse:
1. Dendrites are stimulated by a stimulus (environment or other neuron).
2. Electric impulse travels to cell body.
3. Cell body sends an impulse down the axon to the axon terminals.
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Stimulus! (Sound, smell, sight, taste,
another neuron’s signal)
The “wave” of a nerve impulse
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Neurons communicate with other cells
Muscle cell
Motor neuron
Synapse:The place where a neuron connects to another cell
Other neurons
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Communication At the Synapse
1. Axon terminal releases neurotransmitter (a tiny signal molecule).
2. Neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse and signals the next cell.
3. This triggers an impulse in the next cell.
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body
Communication w/ Muscle Cells