bio 205 chapter 3 powerpoint

8/14/2019 BIO 205 Chapter 3 Powerpoint

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BIO 205

Chapter 3


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Three Domain System


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Prokaryote/Eukaryote Similarities

Myxobacteria Fruiting Body

Prokaryotes carry out many of thesame cellular processes aseukaryotes.

Myxobacteria live in a socialcommunity dependent on cell-to-cellinteraction and communitcation.

Many prokaryotes live in communalassociations called biofilms.

Homeostasis is an organisms ability

to maintain a stable internal state.


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Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis

Metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells have internalcompartments

All organisms have similar genetic organizationwhereby heredity material is expressed

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: The Similarities inOrganizational Patterns


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Protein/lipid transport in eukaryotes is carried out bythe endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: The StructuralDistinctions

Eukaryotes have membrane-enclosed organelles

Mitochondria performcellular respiration ineukaryotes

Both eukaryotes andprokaryotes can performphotosynthesis


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Many prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a cell wall tohelp maintain water balance

The eukaryotic cytoskeleton gives the cell structureand transports materials within the cell

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: The StructuralDistinctions Continued:

Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes use flagella formotility, though the flagella differ structurally andfunctionally in the two groups


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Gene expression in archaea is more similar to that ofeukaryotes than prokaryotes

DNA replication in archaea is more similar to that of

eukaryotes than prokaryotes

The cell walls of archaea are made of pseudomurein,

or some other combination of proteins andcarbohydrates, not peptidoglycan like prokaryotes

The plasma membranes of archaea differ from thoseof both prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Bacteria and Archaea: The Structural Distinctions


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A Bacterial CellA Prokaryotic Cell


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A Eukaryotic CellA Eukaryotic Cell


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Microscopy

Most bacterial and archaeal cells are 1-5 micrometers(m) in length

Most Microbial Agents Are In the Micrometer Size Range


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The lens system must have high resolving power to see the specimen clearly

Light microscopes usually have at least 3 lenses: low-power, high-power, and

oil immersion

Visible light passes through multiple lenses and through the specimen

Light Microscopy is Used to Observe Most Microorganisms


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The Oil Immersion Lense


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Gram Stain Technique

Negative Stain Technique

Simple Stain Technique

Staining Techniques to Provide Contrast


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Simple and Negative StainsSimple and Negative Stains


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Gram Stain Technique


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A mixture of Gram + and Gram - bacteria


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End of Chapter 3

bio 205 chapter 3 powerpoint

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