bibliographic citations definition: – for academic purposes, a citation or bibliographic citation...
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Bibliographic citations
• Definition: – For academic purposes, a citation or
bibliographic citation is a:
reference to a • book, • article, • web page or other published or • unpublished item,
And includes sufficient details to uniquely identify the item
Bibliographic citations – Why?
1) To give credit to an individual’s idea(s), words or publication(s).
2) To help readers locate the thought/publication that is being referred to if the readers wish to read it for themselves.
3) To verify that the thought/publication has, indeed, appeared somewhere.
And more recently ….• Plagiarism:
• Copying sentences, phrases, paragraphs, tables, figures or data directly or in slightly modified form from a book, article, web site or other academic source without using quotation marks or giving proper acknowledgment to the original author or source.
http://www.ccsu.edu/AcademicIntegrity/UndergradAcadMisconductPolicy.htm
Parts of a Bibliographic CitationFor a Single Item• Author• Title of
the item• Who Published
the item• The location
of the Publisher• Date of Publication
For a Serialized Item• Author(s) (If no author is
listed, use the next element to begin your citation)
• Title of Article• Title of Publication• Volume/Issue/Pages • Date of Publication• If the item was viewed
electronically, other information must be given
Challenges of electronic publications
• Individuals often no longer need to consult a printed document.– So what is a volume number?– An issue number?– Why are pages important?
Printed indexes, hard copies of articles and books and items retrieved from electronic databases may present the elements of bibliographic citations in different ways. But the required elements are always present.
Here’s an example of the elements of this item written as a bibliographic citation for this for this article (written in APA style):
Fischlin, D. (2003). Rescripting Shakespeare: The text, the director, and modern productions. Theatre Research
International, 28(2), 212-213.
Citation elements for a book – relatively straightforward
What is required?Author, title, place of publication,name of the publisher, and the dateof publication.
Citation elements for a book – this is very straightforward
DeLillo, D. (1986). White noise. New York: Penguin Books.
Book found on WorldCat (electronic database)
Naipaul, V.S. (1995). A house for Mr. Biswas.New York: Knopf.
Hard copy of an edited book
Smith, D.L. (Ed.). Era of the American Revolution a bibliography. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio.
If not, what’s missing?
Is this a complete citation?
Hard copy of an edited book
Smith, D.L. (Ed.). (1975). Era of the American Revolution a bibliography. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio.
Chapters in a book – a slight twist
Greenberg, D. F. et al (2002). The generality of the self-control theory of crime. In E. Waring & D. Weisburd (Eds.),Crime and social organization (pp. 49-94). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Notice: No volume number, no issue number. Why?
“In” is the important word
Database retrieval includes the elements thatare required to properly cite the item – but you must know what you’re looking for.
publication
date
page
titleauthor
Bower, T. (2005 Feb. 10). Pitbull victim tells of attack; DA suing for penalties, but the dog owner’s lawyer says she has paid
her debt. San Antonio Express-News, 5B.
Article in a journal (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, Vol#(issue#), pages.
For example:
Fischlin, D. (2003). Rescripting Shakespeare: The text, the director, and modern productions. Theatre Research International, 28(2), 212-213.
An entire book (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title of book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher.
For example:
Hock, R. (2005). Yahoo! To the max. Medford, NJ: Cyberage Books.
Chapter in a book (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title. In editors of book (Eds.),
Title of book (pages of the chapter).Place of publication: Name of Publisher.
For example:
Greenberg, D. F. et al (2002). The generality of the self-control theory of crime. In E. Waring & D. Weisburd (Eds.),Crime and social organization (pp. 49-94). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Article in a journal (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, Vol#(issue#), pages.
For example:
Fischlin, D. (2003). Rescripting Shakespeare: The text, the director, and modern productions. Theatre Research International, 28(2), 212-213.
An entire book (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title of book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher.
For example:
Hock, R. (2005). Yahoo! To the max. Medford, NJ: Cyberage Books.
Chapter in a book (APA Style)Author. (Year). Title. In editors of book (Eds.),
Title of book (pages of the chapter).Place of publication: Name of Publisher.
For example:
Greenberg, D. F. et al (2002). The generality of the self-control theory of crime. In E. Waring & D. Weisburd (Eds.),Crime and social organization (pp. 49-94). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.