Berachah Bible InstituteHebrew

Grammar I

Chapter 9: Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

A difficult lesson!!• Lots of stuff to memorize

Section 9.1 – Introduction

• But, important since pronominal suffixes are common

• Chapter 10: Construct (not too difficult)

• Chapter 11: Numbers (not too difficult)

Don’t give up here!!!

• Chapter 12-35: Verbs

o One chart with 42 elementso One chart with 7 elementso One process with 6 steps

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal SuffixesSection 9.1 – Introduction (continued)

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Some terminology and abbreviations• Pronominal – Relating to a pronoun

Section 9.1 – Introduction (continued)

• Suffix – A form that is attached to the end of a word• So, in non-technical jargon, a pronominal suffix is just a pronoun attached to the end of a word

• Chapter 8: Subjective pronouns (pronouns used as subjects) – He, she, it, they, we

• Chapter 9: Objective pronouns (pronouns used as objects) – him, her, it, them, usand possessive pronouns – his, her, its, their, our

• 3fsx = third (3) feminine (f) singular (s) suffix (x). Likewise, 1csx = first (1) common (c) singlur (s) suffix (x)

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Usage of pronouns• Subjective – Independent (cf. ch. 8)

Section 9.1 – Introduction (continued)

• Objective – Attached to prepositions or the DDOM

~yxiÞa; Wnx.n:±a]

– We are brothersyTiÞai ~t,îab'W

– and come with meAt=ao ar"äB' ~yhiÞl{a/

– God created him

WithObject

• Possessive – Attached to nounsAnðB. ~veÞK.

– like [the] name [of] his son

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal SuffixesSection 9.2 – The Pronominal Suffixes

Important to learn charts on pages 81 & 82

• First, learn type 1 endings asyod, kaph, kaph, vav, he (key consonants)

thennu, kem, ken, hem, hen (sounds)

• Second, note type 2 = type 1 + yod with vowel• Third, learn alternate type 3 endings as

ni, hu, ha, ahm, ahn (sounds)

• Fourth, recognize the interplay of study and experience here.

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal SuffixesSection 9.3 – Notes on the Pronominal Suffixes

Type 1 suffixes are used with singular nouns, and type 2 suffixes are used with plural nouns.ytir"At Wsåm.x' h'yn<÷h]Ko

Her priests

Note the type 2 suffix h'y <ñ on the plural noun

~ynIh]Ko. We’ll learn shortly that the ~y I ending on masculine plural nouns is dropped when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this).

do violence to (hamas)

my law

Note the type 1 suffix y i on the singular noun

hr'wOt. We’ll learn shortly that the h ending on

feminine singular nouns is replaced with t when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this).

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal SuffixesSection 9.3 – Notes (continued)

Type 1 suffixes are used with singular nouns, and type 2 suffixes are used with plural nouns.^d<êy"B. ‘~h,ykel.m; !t:Ün"w>

And he gave

Note the type 2 suffix ~h,y e on the plural noun

~ykil'm.. We’ll learn shortly that the ~y I ending on masculine plural nouns is dropped when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this).

their kingsinto your hand

Note the type 1 suffix ^ on the singular noun dy".

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Note how each of the suffixes attach to the

singular and plural forms of sWs.

Section 9.4-9.5 – Masculine Nouns

• Don’t be confused: Singular nouns can take plural suffixes and plural nouns can take singular suffixes!

• When adding suffix to plural masculine nouns,

drop the ~y iending first (cf. construct state)

Singular

Plural

Singular

My book

Our book

PluralMy books

Our books

-------- Pronoun --------

Nou

n

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Note how each of the suffixes attach to the

singular and plural forms of hr'wOt.

Section 9.6-9.7 – Feminine Nouns

• When adding suffix to singular feminine nouns, the h at

the end is replaced by a t (cf. construct state)

• When adding suffix to plural feminine nouns, the twO ending is NOT dropped (cf. construct state)

• Before you give up, don’t forget the interplay between study and experience!

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Many nouns will undergo vowel changes when pronominal suffixes are added

Section 9.8 – Vowel Changes

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal SuffixesSection 9.9 – Monosyllabic Nouns

• Usually, yod then suffix indicates plural noun

^yx,Þa;w> ^ybiîa'

• Notice the singular always has hireq yod

• Some common one-syllable words use yod with singular nouns as well

“Your father and your brothers” (Gen 47:5)

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Remember, noun + pronominal suffix was possessive. Preposition + pronominal suffix will be objective.

Section 9.10-9.11 – Prepositions

Some prepositions take type 1 suffixes, others take type 2. This has nothing to do with whether the preposition is “singular” or “plural.” Prepositions have no number associated with them (of course, the object can be singular or plural).

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

From 2mp and down these prepositions present no problems.

Section 9.12-9.13 – K. and !mi

From 1cp and up, you’ll need to remember the

forms wOmñK' and M,ñmi, along with your type 1 alternate endings.

The 3ms form of !mi is unique and not as expected, but note that it occurs approximately 150 times.

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Remember the trick:

Section 9.14 – tae and the DDOM

But, note the seghol in the second person plural instances of the DDOM.

WithObject

“With” always has a hireq, and this is also helpful

for remembering “with” (~[i, §9.15), for it also always has a hireq.

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

• Know when a personal pronoun is functioning subjective, objectively, or possessively.

Section 9.16 – Summary

• Know all type 1, type 2, and alternate type 1 pronominal suffixes (see page 93).

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

• @a; – Laugh so hard milk comes out your nose

Section 9.17- Vocabulary

• rq,Boñ – bwOj rq,Boñ “Good morning”• hk'r'B. – Berachah Bible Church!

• vyE – Yesh, there is• dwObK' – Ichabod = “Where is the glory”• yliK. – Clean the utensils• ~x,l,ñ – Bethlehem = “house of bread”

BBIHebrew

Grammar I

Reminder

• Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz this week.

• Don’t forget to be doing journal (turn in @ end)

• After chapter 8, you know 58% of all OT words

• After chapter 9, you will know 61% of all OT words

• Don’t give up!

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

Wnyteêboa]-~[i ‘tr:K' rv<Üa] hw"+hy>

tyrIåB.~yIr")c.mi #r<a,îme

~t'Þao AaïyciAhB.

1 Kings 8:21

[the] covenant [of]Yahwehwhich

When he brought out

)( themfrom [the]land [of]

Egypt

Example #1

He madewith our fathers

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

hL,ae_h' ~yrIßb'D>h;-lK' taeî

~h,(yTex.T; rv<ïa] hm'Þd"a]h'

[q:ïB'Tiw:Numbers 16:31

allthe words

Split(Beka valley)

The groundwhichunder them

Example #2

the these

And when he had finished speaking…

[DDOM]

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

AB=li-lK'-ta, yliÞ dyGIïhi

Judges 16:18

He toldto me[DDOM]all

Example #3

his heart

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

h'yh,_l{a/-la,w> HM'Þ[;-

la,

Judges 16:18

toher peopleand to

Example #4

her gods

Behold, your sister-in-law has gone back…

BBIHebrew

Grammar IPronominal Suffixes

‘^W>ci rv<Üa] hr"ªATh;-lk'K.rWsïT'-la;

yDIêb.[; hv,ämo

Joshua 1:7

according to all the law

Mosesmy servantnot turn aside

Example #5

which

Be careful to do…

lwamo+f.W !ymiäy"

WNM,Þmi

from it[to the] rightor (lit., and) [to the] left

commanded you