berachah bible institute hebrew grammar i chapter 10: hebrew construct chain

Berachah Bible InstituteHebrew

Grammar I

Chapter 10: Hebrew Construct Chain

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Grammar IConstruct Chain

A whole lesson on the word “of”• In English, there is a word: E.g., “Son of God”

Section 10.1 – Introduction

• In Spanish, there is as well: E.g., “Hijo de Dios”• In Greek, there is not. You have to change the form of the word after “of:” E.g., ui`o.j qeou/ (qeo,j = “God”)• In Hebrew, there is not. You have to change the form

of the word before “of:” E.g., ~yhil{a/ !B, (!Be = “Son”)

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The ambiguity of the word “of”

o Possessive: Jesus’ revelation

Section 10.1 – Introduction (continued)

o Objective: Revelation about Jesus

o Subjective: Revelation Jesus gives

• Colossians 1:15 – The firstborn of all creation

• Revelation 1:1 – The Revelation of Jesus Christ

o Partitive: Firstborn is a part of creation

o Objective: Firstborn over creation

o Possessive: Creation’s firstborn

o Place: Firstborn in the realm of creation

o Comparison: Firstborn when compared to creation

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“Chain” is a good description

Section 10.2 – Basic Grammar

It is a “linking” together of nouns with “of”s

hr"_ATh; rp,seä yrEÞb.DI2 Kings 22:11

Last noun (i.e., leftmost) is the absolute noun, said to be in the absolute state.

All others are construct nouns, said to be in the construct state.

In translation, “of” is inserted between each element of the chain.

NOTHING CAN BREAK THE CHAIN

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Grammar IConstruct ChainSection 10.2 – Basic Grammar (continued)

hr"_ATh; rp,seä yrEÞb.DI2 Kings 22:11

“The words of the book of the law” – Why three the’s?

• Only the absolute noun can have the definite article. The construct nouns will never have the definite article.

• The construct nouns are definite if the absolute noun is definite. Otherwise, they are indefinite.

• The absolute noun can be definite in three ways:o It has the definite article

o It is a proper noun

o It has a pronominal suffix

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Grammar IConstruct ChainSection 10.3 – Chains with Adjectives

•Attributive Adjectives (including demonstrative pronouns) come after the chain and modify one of the elements.

bwOJh; hK'l.M;h;

rb;D.

•As always, they must match the noun they modify in gender, number, and definiteness.

The good word of the queen

hb'wOJh; hK'l.M;h; rb;D.

The word of the good queen

bwOJh; %l,M,ñh; rb;D.

The good word of the king

- OR -

The word of the good kingWho is the king?

CONTEXT!!!

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Grammar IConstruct ChainSection 10.4 – Chains with Prepositions

Remember: You cannot break the chain!

• However, as we saw, you can put attributive adjectives after the end of the chain.

hw")hy> ~AyðB.

Ezekiel 13:5

• Likewise, you can put prepositions before the beginning of the chain

“On the day of Yahweh” Do you know why it is THE day?

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Grammar IConstruct ChainSection 10.5 – Spelling of Construct nouns

There are many different kinds of changes that can take place when placing a noun into the construct state (cf. pp. 102-5)

For now, we can become reasonably proficient with the construct state by learning the following table:

Singular Plural

Masculine No change ~y i y e

Feminine h ' t ; No changeAlso remember: When two nouns are placed side by side:

• Construct • Noun Clause • Apposition

you should carefully read pages 102-105, though

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Know all slides past introduction

Section 10.6 – Summary

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• !b,a,ñ – Ebenezer = Stone (eben) of help (nezer)

Section 10.7- Vocabulary

• hm'd'a] – Adam was taken out of the ground• lWbG> – “Give all” your territory to us!• lyIh;ñ – Hah! You’ll come against me with that army?

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Grammar I

Reminder

• Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz this week.

• Don’t forget to be doing journal (turn in @ end)

• After chapter 9, you know 61% of all OT words

• After chapter 10, you will know 63.5% of all OT words

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‘laer"f.yI-%l,m,( ydEÛb.[;me

dx'úa, ![;Y:w:ûjp'êv'-!B, [v'äylia/ hPo… rm,aYOëw:

2 Kings 3:11

and heanswered

and said,“HereElisha

Example #1

one

`WhY")liae ydEîy>-l[; ~yIm:ß qc;y"ï-

rv,a]

whopouredwater

the king ofof the

servants ofIsrael

son of Shapat

onthe

feet ofElijah

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Am+v. dAbåK.

hw"ßhyl;1 Chronicles 16:29

to Yahwehthe glory of

Example #2

His name

Ascribe…

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yYEïx;-ynE)v. yme²y>

hL,aeªw>yx'_-rv,a] ~h'Þr"b.a;

Genesis 25:7

And thesethe days of

Abrahamwhichhe lived

Example #3

the years ofthe life of

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Wnt'óao hl,’[]M;h; •aWh Wnyheêl{a/

hw"åhy> yKi…~ydI_b'[] tyBeämi ~yIr:ßc.mi #r<a,îme

Wnyte²Aba]-ta,w>

Yahwehour God

and )(our fathersfrom theland of

Egypt

Example #4

He

Continued next page…

For[is the one]

who brought up)( us

from thehouse of

servants

hL,aeêh' ‘tAldoG>h; tAtÜaoh'-ta, WnynE©y[el.

hf'ä[' rv<ôa]w:

and who

didfor our eyes)(the signsthe these the great

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Hb'ê Wnk.l;äh' rv<åa] ‘%r<D<’h;-lk'B. WnrEªm.v.YIw:)

`~B'(r>qiB. Wnr>b:ß[' rv<ïa] ~yMiê[;h'( ‘lkob.W

on all of the

and among allthe peopleswhowe passed

Example #4 (continued)

the way

Joshua 24:17

And he guarded uswhichwe went

in their midst

on it

berachah bible institute hebrew grammar i chapter 10: hebrew construct chain

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