BellringerBellringer

What do you know about climate? What do you know about climate? Explain (Do not say “nothing or I Explain (Do not say “nothing or I don’t know”, I am sure we all have don’t know”, I am sure we all have prior knowledge about climate)prior knowledge about climate)

What type of information can climate What type of information can climate tell us about a specific region?tell us about a specific region?

Have HW ready!Have HW ready!

Ch. 2 Sect 2Ch. 2 Sect 2Part 1Part 1

Climate and WeatherClimate and Weather

ClimateClimate

Climate is the condition of the Climate is the condition of the atmosphere over a long period of atmosphere over a long period of time.time.

Think!Think!

What is the difference between a desert What is the difference between a desert and a tropical rainforest?and a tropical rainforest?

What is the difference between Antarctica What is the difference between Antarctica and a desert?and a desert?

If you said temperature and rainfall (precipitation)you are right!

Precipitation: When cloud particles become too heavy to remain suspended in the air, they fall to the earth as precipitation

ClimateClimate

Three characteristics of climate are:Three characteristics of climate are:

A.A. TemperatureTemperature

B.B. PrecipitationPrecipitation

C.C. SeasonsSeasons

Think!Think!

Why do some places get more or less Why do some places get more or less rain?rain?

Why are some places hot and some Why are some places hot and some places cold?places cold?

Why do some places have seasons Why do some places have seasons that are equal in length and some that are equal in length and some places don’t?places don’t?

ClimateClimate

Four factors or elements that affect Four factors or elements that affect climate are:climate are:

A.A. LatitudeLatitude

B.B. Wind CurrentsWind Currents

C.C. Proximity to WaterProximity to Water

D.D. ElevationElevation

Wind CurrentsWind Currents

Wind and ocean currents distribute Wind and ocean currents distribute the sun’s heat through convection, the sun’s heat through convection, the transfer of heat in the the transfer of heat in the atmosphere atmosphere

through upward motion of the air.through upward motion of the air.

Proximity to WaterProximity to Water

Areas near the ocean have a milder Areas near the ocean have a milder winter and a cooler summer.winter and a cooler summer.

Ocean currents are like rivers in the Ocean currents are like rivers in the ocean. Warm water flows away from ocean. Warm water flows away from the equator and cold water flows the equator and cold water flows toward the equator.toward the equator.

ElevationElevation

Elevation influences temperature. As Elevation influences temperature. As you go up in elevation the you go up in elevation the temperature becomes colder temperature becomes colder because the atmosphere is thinner. because the atmosphere is thinner.

Climate ZonesClimate Zones

Climate zones are classified by Climate zones are classified by temperature and precipitation.temperature and precipitation.

Climate ZonesClimate Zones

Low Latitudes - Tropical Wet and Low Latitudes - Tropical Wet and Tropical Dry.Tropical Dry.

Middle Latitudes - Mediterranean, Middle Latitudes - Mediterranean, Humid Subtropical, Humid Humid Subtropical, Humid Continental, Marine West Coast.Continental, Marine West Coast.

High Latitudes - Subarctic, Tundra, High Latitudes - Subarctic, Tundra, IcecapIcecap

Stop Here…Next ClassStop Here…Next Class

DesertDesert Tropical GrasslandTropical Grassland Temperate GrasslandTemperate Grassland ForestForest TundraTundra

9/24: Assignment9/24: Assignment With a partner (meaning 1 other person) you will be With a partner (meaning 1 other person) you will be

creating a Physical Geography Poster (Ongoing in class creating a Physical Geography Poster (Ongoing in class project due Fri. 28)project due Fri. 28)

Today you will begin drafting your poster and Today you will begin drafting your poster and information that will be going on this posterinformation that will be going on this poster

Begin focusing on the following:Begin focusing on the following:– ImagesImages– TitleTitle– LabelsLabels– Creativity (Theme, Color, Neat)Creativity (Theme, Color, Neat)– Information (what is it, where is it located, etc)Information (what is it, where is it located, etc)– Content: Geo Term 9/21 PPT, Climate & Weather PPT Content: Geo Term 9/21 PPT, Climate & Weather PPT

9/23-9/249/23-9/24

You may illustrate by drawing or bringing in pictures You may illustrate by drawing or bringing in pictures from home to enhance your poster.from home to enhance your poster.

BellringerBellringer

Take out your notebook we are Take out your notebook we are starting right awaystarting right away

DesertsDeserts

Deserts are based on precipitation. Deserts are based on precipitation. There are hot and cold deserts. There are hot and cold deserts. Some hot deserts are: The Sahara, Some hot deserts are: The Sahara, The Gobi.The Gobi.

Tropical Grasslands: are warm Tropical Grasslands: are warm year round, but usually have a year round, but usually have a

dry and a rainy season. dry and a rainy season. Savanna - AfricaSavanna - Africa Llanos - Colombia and VenezuelaLlanos - Colombia and Venezuela Cerrados – BrazilCerrados – Brazil

Temperate Grasslands: Temperate Grasslands: average between 10 and 30 average between 10 and 30 inches of rain per year, have inches of rain per year, have

shorter grasses.shorter grasses.

These areas have two These areas have two seasons: a growing season and seasons: a growing season and a dormant season. During the a dormant season. During the dormant season, no grass can dormant season, no grass can grow because it is too cold. grow because it is too cold.

Temperate GrasslandTemperate Grassland

Prairie - The United States and Prairie - The United States and CanadaCanada

Pampas - ArgentinaPampas - Argentina Steppe - Central AsiaSteppe - Central Asia

Yurts, portable houses, on the Mongolian steppe.

Cold GrasslandsCold Grasslands

Tundra - The Tundra is a flat treeless Tundra - The Tundra is a flat treeless plain located in the far north on the plain located in the far north on the coast of Alaska, Canada, and Russia. coast of Alaska, Canada, and Russia. The Tundra has short grasses, a few The Tundra has short grasses, a few shrubs, mosses, and some flowers. shrubs, mosses, and some flowers. Underneath the tundra there is Underneath the tundra there is permafrostpermafrost, permanently frozen , permanently frozen subsoil.subsoil.

ForestsForests

Forests near the equator have more Forests near the equator have more broadleaf trees and the leaves are broadleaf trees and the leaves are larger because the area receives larger because the area receives more sunlight.more sunlight.

Forests in the high latitudes have Forests in the high latitudes have more coniferous trees because they more coniferous trees because they grow better with less sunlight.grow better with less sunlight.

RainforestsRainforests

Rainforests are found in tropical wet Rainforests are found in tropical wet climate zones in the low latitudes. What climate zones in the low latitudes. What countries do you think have rainforests?countries do you think have rainforests?

A. Brazil - Amazon Rainforest

B. Congo

C. Indonesia

D. Most of Central America

TaigaTaiga

The Taiga is a large coniferous forest The Taiga is a large coniferous forest that covers most of Siberia.that covers most of Siberia.

Middle Latitude ForestsMiddle Latitude Forests

Middle latitude forests have a mix of Middle latitude forests have a mix of coniferous trees and deciduous trees. coniferous trees and deciduous trees. Deciduous trees are broadleaf trees Deciduous trees are broadleaf trees that lose their leaves in the winter that lose their leaves in the winter time.time.