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Developing SustainableNanomanufacturing

Dhimiter Bello, ScD., MScDept. Work Environment, University of

Massachusetts Lowell& The Center for High Rate

Nanomanufacturing

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Sustainable Production can be defined asthe creation of goods and servicesusing processes and systems that are:Non-polluting; Conserving of energy

and natural resources; Economicallyviable; Safe and healthful for workers,communities, and consumers; Sociallyand creatively rewarding for all workingpeople.

Lowell Center for Sustainable Production,http://www.sustainableproduction.org/abou.what.shtml ,September 3, 2009.

http://www.sustainableproduction.org/abou.what.shtmlhttp://www.sustainableproduction.org/abou.what.shtml

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lide Courtesy of. . ,rof R Herrickarvard School ofublic Health

I wish to acknowledge receipt of yourOctober 1stenclosing copy of theSeptember 25thletter from the editor of

.ASBESTOS quite agree with youhat our interests are best servedy having asbestosis receive the.i nim um o f p ub li ci ty

eminder

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Lessons from the past

Harremos P, Gee D, Macgarvin M, Stirling A, Keys J, Wynne B,et al. 2001. Late lessons from early warnings: theprecautionary principle 1896-2000. Environmental IssueReport, No 22. Copenhagen: European Environmental Agency.

We are in danger of repeating old, potentially costly,mistakes.

Hansen SF, Maynard A, Baun A, Tickner JA. 2008. Late lessons fromearly warnings for nanotechnology. Nat Nanotechnol 3(8): 444-447.

Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering,

Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities anduncertainties, July 29, 2004,http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm.

Provided a roadmap for responsible development ofnanotechnology

The Responsible Nano Forum. 2009. A beacon or just a

http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htmhttp://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm

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5

: ,h ru st 3 Te stb e d sp p licatio n s a n dR e lia b ility

; ;EU UML UNH

:hrust 1 anoelements andanotemplates; ;EU UML UNH

:hrust 2-igh ratessembly and Transfer; ;EU UML UNH

CHN Path toNanomanufacturing

- -End of Life Impacts

-High rate ToxicityScreening

Environmental andEconomic Uncertainties

Exposure Assessment& Control

Regulatory Issues

&Social Ethical Issues

Slide courtesy of, .Isaacs J

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Toxicity ScreeningBiological SignificanceBetter Exposure Metrics

Are there Exposures?

Are they Hazardous?

How to best avoid them?

AXIMIZE echnological,enefits whileINIMIZING Health!ISKS

NANOMANUFACTURING

HumanHealth and the Environment

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;Dhimiter_Bello@uml.edu 7

Broader Context: Safety ~1/Risk

Health Risk = f(EXPOSURE, TOXICITY,

EPIGENETIC &

NUTRITIONAL, TIME)

EXPOSURE TOXICITY

EPIGENETIC&NUTRITIONAL

.1 Exposures as important asToxicity

.2 We can act upon exposuresin face of other

uncertainties.3 Toxicity is strongly

influenced by materialtype

.4 Limited options on

epigenetic factors

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Changes are difficult tomake

Approximate ratio of publications onSynthesis & Applications : Toxicity:

Exposures

>1000 : 10-100: 1ATERIAL &CIENCESANOMANUFACTURING TOXICITY

Exposure

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First US-China workshopPriority Areas on nano EHS

. &anomaterial Liberation in air environment

. ,reen nanomanufacturing focusing on the scientificssues arising in the systematic design of

nvironmentally benign nanoproducts and;anoprocesses

. -eries of joint US China workshops on sustainable;evelopment of nanotechnologies

. n international Institute for Sustainable-anotechnology Development as a world wide hub of

.xchange and cooperation

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Modifications, Processing and Performance

Exposure Assessment

Human and Environmental Toxicity

:A PROPOSED CONCEPTUAL MODEL. . . ., ,Grant proposal to NSF P I R E Chen J PI

&RESEARCHEDUCATIONComponents

INTERNATIONALInterdisciplinary

3 Test Systems

that reflectcommercializati

on stages

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NM SYNTHESIS& PERFORMANCE

StructuralMechanicalElectricalPhotodegradation Antimicrobial

activity

Physicochemicalcharacterization

HUMAN EXPOSURES

Inhalation Number

concentration

Size

Distribution Surface areaMorphology Chemical

analysis

Dermal

TOXICITY EVALUATIONTiered approach

.1 SCREENING Oxidative Stress in

human serum

:Cellular toxicityMultiple endpoints in

human lung cells( &macrophages

)endothelial andbacteria

. ( )2 Animal Toxicity limited

.3 Biomarkers in humans

. :4 Environmental impact Effectson wastewater treatment

bacteria

Thrust 1 Thrust 2 Thrust 3

METRICS