Bell Ringer!Bell Ringer!1)1) Write down ALL of the MAJOR Write down ALL of the MAJOR

HISTORICAL EVENTS you HISTORICAL EVENTS you remember from your lifetimeremember from your lifetime

2)2) Which one impacted you the Which one impacted you the most?most?

Modern AmericaModern America

Essential UnderstandingEssential Understanding Since the END of the Cold War, it has Since the END of the Cold War, it has

been common for the United States to get been common for the United States to get INVOLVED IN CONFLICTS around the INVOLVED IN CONFLICTS around the world world

Post-Cold War Goals/PoliciesPost-Cold War Goals/Policies

1.1. FOREIGN AIDFOREIGN AID

2.2. HUMANITARIAN AIDHUMANITARIAN AID

3.3. Support HUMAN Support HUMAN RIGHTSRIGHTS

George H.W. Bush (1989-1993)George H.W. Bush (1989-1993)

FALL OF COMMUNISM in FALL OF COMMUNISM in Eastern EuropeEastern Europe REUNIFICATION of Germany (1990)REUNIFICATION of Germany (1990) Collapse of YUGOSLAVIACollapse of YUGOSLAVIA

CONFLICT between ethnic/CONFLICT between ethnic/religious groupsreligious groups

BREAKUP of the Soviet stateBREAKUP of the Soviet state15 new countries15 new countries

Persian Gulf War (1990-1991)Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) ““LIMITED military operation to drive Iraqi LIMITED military operation to drive Iraqi

forces out of Kuwait”forces out of Kuwait” Saddam Hussein, IRAQ INVADED Saddam Hussein, IRAQ INVADED

KUWAIT (wanted Kuwait’s OIL)KUWAIT (wanted Kuwait’s OIL) ““Operation DESERT STORM” Operation DESERT STORM”

= air strikes launched on = air strikes launched on Iraqi forcesIraqi forces

FIRST war where American WOMEN FIRST war where American WOMEN served in a COMBAT roleserved in a COMBAT role

William J. Clinton (1993-2001)William J. Clinton (1993-2001) North American FREE TRADE North American FREE TRADE

AGREEMENT (NAFTA)AGREEMENT (NAFTA) Full DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS Full DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS

with VIETNAMwith VIETNAM LIFTED economic SANCTIONS LIFTED economic SANCTIONS

against SOUTH AFRICA (after against SOUTH AFRICA (after government ended policy of apartheid)government ended policy of apartheid)

NATO action in former YUGOSLAVIANATO action in former YUGOSLAVIA

George W. Bush (2001-2009)George W. Bush (2001-2009)

TERRORIST ATTACKS on United States TERRORIST ATTACKS on United States soil (9/11/2001)soil (9/11/2001)

War in AFGHANISTANWar in AFGHANISTAN War in IRAQWar in IRAQ

The Supreme CourtThe Supreme Court

MEMBERSHIP of the Supreme Court has MEMBERSHIP of the Supreme Court has included WOMEN and MINORITIES:included WOMEN and MINORITIES: Sandra Day O’CONNORSandra Day O’CONNOR Ruth Bader GINSBURGRuth Bader GINSBURG Clarence THOMASClarence THOMAS Sonia SOTOMAYORSonia SOTOMAYOR

Supreme Court TodaySupreme Court Today

Protects INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS laid out in Protects INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS laid out in the Constitutionthe Constitution

Identified constitutional basis for “RIGHT Identified constitutional basis for “RIGHT TO PRIVACY” that is protected from TO PRIVACY” that is protected from government interferencegovernment interference

INVALIDATES laws & presidential actions INVALIDATES laws & presidential actions that EXCEED AUTHORITY granted by the that EXCEED AUTHORITY granted by the Constitution to Congress or the presidentConstitution to Congress or the president

Women in the Work ForceWomen in the Work Force

Increased participation of women in the Increased participation of women in the workforceworkforce Increasingly large % of labor forceIncreasingly large % of labor force Many working mothersMany working mothers Non-traditional jobsNon-traditional jobs

Issues of working womenIssues of working women Need for affordable day-careNeed for affordable day-care Equitable payEquitable pay ““Pink collar ghetto” = low prestige, low-paying jobsPink collar ghetto” = low prestige, low-paying jobs ““Glass ceiling”Glass ceiling”

ImmigrationImmigration

New immigration to the U.S. has been New immigration to the U.S. has been occurring from many countries, including occurring from many countries, including ASIAN & LATIN AMERICAN countriesASIAN & LATIN AMERICAN countries

Reasons for immigration:Reasons for immigration: Political FREEDOMPolitical FREEDOM Economic OPPORTUNITYEconomic OPPORTUNITY

Contributions of immigrantsContributions of immigrants DIVERSITY in music, the arts, literatureDIVERSITY in music, the arts, literature Role in LABOR FORCERole in LABOR FORCE Expanded source of Expanded source of

SCIENTISTS and SCIENTISTS and ENGINEERSENGINEERS

Issues related to immigration policyIssues related to immigration policy STRAIN on government servicesSTRAIN on government services Filling LOW-PAYING JOBS in U.S.Filling LOW-PAYING JOBS in U.S. BORDER issuesBORDER issues CITIZENSHIPCITIZENSHIP BILINGUAL educationBILINGUAL education Increasing cultural DIVERSITYIncreasing cultural DIVERSITY

Scientific & Technological Scientific & Technological AdvancesAdvances

Space raceSpace race JFK pledged support for JFK pledged support for

American space programAmerican space program JOHN GLENN JOHN GLENN first first

American to orbit EarthAmerican to orbit Earth NEIL ARMSTRONG NEIL ARMSTRONG

first man on the moonfirst man on the moon SALLY RIDE SALLY RIDE first U.S. first U.S.

female astronautfemale astronaut

Examples of technological advances over Examples of technological advances over last 30 years:last 30 years: CABLE TV / 24-hour newsCABLE TV / 24-hour news PERSONAL COMPUTERSPERSONAL COMPUTERS CELL PHONESCELL PHONES INTERNET (World Wide Web)INTERNET (World Wide Web)

Changes in Changes in work/school/health work/school/health carecare:: TELECOMMUTINGTELECOMMUTING DISTANCE learningDISTANCE learning Growth in SERVICE Growth in SERVICE

INDUSTRIESINDUSTRIES Breakthroughs in medical Breakthroughs in medical

research research Dr. Jonas Dr. Jonas Salk developed Salk developed VACCINE FOR POLIOVACCINE FOR POLIO

OUTSOURCING and OUTSOURCING and OFF-SHORINGOFF-SHORING

““Reagan Revolution”Reagan Revolution”

CONSERVATIVE political philosophy of CONSERVATIVE political philosophy of President Reagan prompted RE-President Reagan prompted RE-EVALUATION of SIZE/ROLE of EVALUATION of SIZE/ROLE of government in economy and societygovernment in economy and society

President Reagan wanted…President Reagan wanted… TAX CUTSTAX CUTS More responsibility for state governmentsMore responsibility for state governments Judges who used “JUDICIAL RESTRAINT”Judges who used “JUDICIAL RESTRAINT” FEWER government programs/regulationsFEWER government programs/regulations Stronger MILITARYStronger MILITARY

The “Feds” and the EconomyThe “Feds” and the Economy GOVERNMENT promotes GOVERNMENT promotes

a healthy economya healthy economy Full employment + low Full employment + low

inflation = HEALTHY inflation = HEALTHY ECONOMYECONOMY

FEDERAL RESERVE: FEDERAL RESERVE: controls supply of money controls supply of money and creditand credit

PRESIDENT/CONGRESS: PRESIDENT/CONGRESS: controls government controls government spending and taxationspending and taxation

U.S. and TerrorismU.S. and Terrorism

Heightened SECURITY at home Heightened SECURITY at home PATRIOT ACTPATRIOT ACT Creation of the Department of Creation of the Department of

HOMELAND SECURITYHOMELAND SECURITY DIPLOMATIC and MILITARY initiativesDIPLOMATIC and MILITARY initiatives

Case Study: AfghanistanCase Study: Afghanistan

Why are we doing a “case study”?Why are we doing a “case study”? Great practice for senior-year/college Great practice for senior-year/college

level worklevel work History affects current eventsHistory affects current events Ms. O’Malley thinks it’s cool Ms. O’Malley thinks it’s cool

Afghanistan: How We Got ThereAfghanistan: How We Got There

Stinger Missiles: The BasicsStinger Missiles: The Basics

Soviet commander: U.S. faces Soviet commander: U.S. faces similar fatesimilar fate

Johnson looks back at 1980 Johnson looks back at 1980 Olympic boycottOlympic boycott