beckwith m 3425 a

Instruction Book

M-3425Generator Protection

Generator ProtectionM-3425

Integrated Protection System for Generatorsof All Sizes

Unit shown with optional M-3925 Target Module and M-3931HMI (Human-Machine Interface) Module.

PROTECTION

Provides all major protective functions for generatorprotection, including Field Ground (64F), Out-of-Step (78),and Split-Phase Differential (50DT)

Expanded IPScom Communications Software provides simpleand logical setting and programming

Enhanced "pick and choose" functionality provides tailoredapplications at the lowest possible cost

2

M-3425 Generator Protection Relay

Standard Protective Functions Dual-zone phase distance protection for phase

fault backup (21) Overexcitation (V/Hz) protection (24) Phase Undervoltage (27) protection 100% Stator Ground Fault protection via third

harmonic neutral undervoltage (27TN) Sensitive dual-setpoint Reverse Power, Low

Forward Power or Overpower detection, one ofwhich can be used for sequential tripping (32)

Dual-zone, offset-mho Loss-of-Field protection(40)

Sensitive Negative Sequence Overcurrent pro-tection and alarm (46)

Instantaneous Overcurrent (50) protection Inadvertent Generator Energizing protection

(50/27) Generator Breaker Failure protection (50BF) Definite Time Overcurrent (50DT) can be used

for split phase differential Instantaneous Overcurrent (50N) protection Neutral Inverse Time Overcurrent (51N) Three-phase Inverse Time Overcurrent (51V) Phase Overvoltage (59) Generator Ground Fault protection (59N) VT Fuse-Loss detection and blocking (60FL) Out-of-Step protection (78) Four-step Over/Underfrequency (81) protection Two-step Rate of Change of Frequency (81R) Generator Phase Differential protection (87) Ground Differential (87GD) protection External Function allows external devices to trip

through M-3425 Generator Protection Relay

Optional Protective Functions Stator Thermal protection using positive se-

quence inverse time overcurrent (51T) Field Ground protection (64F)

Standard Features Eight programmable outputs and six program-

mable inputs

Oscillography recording Time-stamped target storage for 24 events Metering of all measured parameters Three communications ports (two RS-232 and

one RS-485) M-3820C IPScom Communications Software Includes MODBUS and BECO 2200 protocols Standard 19" rack-mount design Removable printed circuit board and power sup-

ply Both 50 and 60 Hz models available Both 1A and 5 A rated CT inputs available Additional trip inputs for externally connected

devices IRIG-B time synchronization Operating Temperature: 20 C to +70 C

Optional Features Redundant power supply M-3925 Target Module M-3931 Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module M-3801D IPSplot PLUS Oscillograph Analysis

Software

3


STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONSDevice SetpointNumber Function Ranges Increment Accuracy

Phase Distance (dual-zone mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1, #2 0.1 to 100.0 0.1 &0.1 or 5%(0.5 to 500.0 ) (&0.5 or 5%)

Offset #1, #2 100.0 to 100.0 0.1 &0.1 or 5%(500.0 to 500.0 ) (&0.5 or 5%)

Impedance Angle #1, #2 0 to 90 1 &1Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

Volts / Hz

Definite TimePickup #1, #2 100 to 200% 1% &1%Time Delay #1, #2 30 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &25 Cycles

Inverse TimeCharacteristic Curves Inverse Time #1#4 Pickup 100 to 200% 1% &1%Time Dial: Curve #1 1 to 100 1Time Dial: Curves #2#4 0.0 to 9.0 0.1Reset Rate 1 to 999 Sec. 1 Sec. &.02 Sec. or &1%

(from threshold of trip)The percent pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal system frequency settings. Thepickup accuracy stated is only applicable from 10 to 80 Hz, 0 to 180 V, 100 to 150% V/Hz and a nominalvoltage setting of 120 V.

Third-Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral

Pickup #1, #2 0.3 to 20.0 V 0.1 V &0.15 V or &1%Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%Undervoltage Inhibit #1,#2 5 to 180 V 1 V &0.5 V or 0.5%(positive sequence)Underpower Inhibit #1,#2 0.002 to 3.000 PU 0.001 PU &0.002 or &2%

RMS Undervoltage

Pickup #1, #2 5 to 180 V 1 V &0.5 V or &0.5%&0.8 V or &0.75%*

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &0.5%*** When both RMS and Line-Ground to Line-Line is selected.*When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is +20 cycles or &1%.

Directional Power

Pickup #1, #2 3.000 to +3.000 PU 0.001 PU &0.002 PU or &2%Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle +16 Cycles or &1%

The per-unit pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal CT secondary current settings.The 32 function can be selected as low forward power, reverse power, or overpower function.

Select the greater of these accuracy values. Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.

27

32

21

24

27TN

27

32

4


STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (cont.)Device SetpointNumber Function Ranges Increment Accuracy

Loss of Field (dual-zone offset-mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1, #2 0.1 to 100.0 0.1 &0.1 or &5%(0.5 to 500.0 ) (&0.5 or &5%)

Offset #1, #2 50.0 to 50.0 0.1 &0.1 or &5%(250.0 to 250.0 ) (&0.5 or &5%)

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%Voltage Control 5 to 180 V 1 V &0.5 V or &0.5%(positive sequence)Directional Element Fixed at 13

Voltage control for each zone can be individually enabled.

Negative Sequence Overcurrent

Definite TimePickup 3 to 100% 1% &0.5% of 5 A

(&0.5% of 1 A)Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%Inverse TimePickup 3 to 100% 1% &0.5 % of 5 A

(&0.5% of 1 A)Time Dial Setting 1 to 95 1 &3 Cycles or &3%(K= I22t)Definite MaximumTime to Trip 600 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle &1%Definite Minimum Time 12 Cycles fixedReset Time (Linear) 4 minutes

(from threshold of trip)Pickup is based on the generator nominal current setting.

Breaker Failure

PickupPhase Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A &0.1 A or &2%

(0.02 to 2.00 A) (&0.02 A or &2%)Neutral Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A &0.1 A or &2%

(0.02 to 2.00 A) (&0.02 A or &2%)Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

50BF can be initiated from designated M-3425 output contacts or progammable inputs.

Instantaneous Overcurrent

Pickup 0.1 to 240.0 A 0.1 A &0.1 A or &3%(0.1 to 48.0 A) (&0.02 A or &3%)

Trip Time Response < 2 Cycles


40

46

50BF

50

50BF-Ph

50BF-N

5



Instantaneous Overcurrent, Neutral


Trip Time Response < 2 Cycles

Definite Time Overcurrent

Pickup Phase A #1, #2 0.20 A to 240.00 A 0.01 &0.1 A or &3%(0.04 A to 48.00 A) (&0.02 A or &3%)

Pickup Phase B #1, #2 (same as above)Pickup Phase C #1, #2 (same as above)Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

When 50DT function is used for split-phase differential protection, 50BF, 87, and 87GD functions are notavailable.

Inadvertent Energizing

OvercurrentPickup 0.5 to 15.00 A 0.01 A &0.1 A or &2%

(0.1 to 3.00 A) (&0.02 A or &2%)Undervoltage

Pickup 40 to 130 V 1 V &0.5 VPick-up Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%Drop-out Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent


Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC CurvesTime Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 &3% or &3 Cycles

0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01Inverse Time Overcurrent, with Voltage Control or Voltage Restraint


Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC CurvesTime Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 &3% or &3 Cycles

0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01Voltage Control (VC) 5 to 180 V 1 V &0.5 V or &0.5%

orVoltage Restraint (VR) Linear Restraint


51V

51N

50/27

50DT

50N

50

27

6



RMS Overvoltage

Pickup #1, #2 5 to 180 V 1 V &0.5 V or &0.5%&0.8 V to &0.75%*

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%***When both RMS and Line-Ground to Line-Line is selected.**When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is +20 cycles or &1%.

RMS Overvoltage, Neutral

Pickup #1, #2 5.0 to 180.0 V 0.1 V &0.5 V to &0.5%Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

VT Fuse-Loss Detection

A VT fuse-loss condition is detected by using the positive and negative sequence componentsof the voltages and currents. VT fuse-loss output can be initiated from internally generated logicor from input contacts.

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

Out of Step (mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter 0.1 to 100.0 0.1 &0.1 or 5%(0.5 to 500.0 ) (&0.5 or 5%)

Offset 100.0 to 100.0 0.1 &0.1 or 5%(500.0 to 500.0 ) (&0.5 or 5%)

Impedance Angle 0 to 90 1 &1Blinder 0.1 to 50.0 0.1 &0.1 or 5%

(0.5 to 250.0 ) (&0.5 or 5%)Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%Trip on mho Exit Enable/DisablePole Slip Counter 1 to 20 1Pole Slip Reset 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

Frequency

Pickup #1,#2,#3,#4 50.00 to 67.00 Hz 0.01 Hz &0.02 Hz40.00 to 57.00 Hz*

Time Delay #1#4 2 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle &2 Cycles or &1%The pickup accuracy applies to 60 Hz models at a range of 57 to 63 Hz, and to 50 Hz models at a range of 47 to53 Hz. Beyond these ranges, the accuracy is &0.1 Hz.* This range applies to 50 Hz nominal frequency models.


59

59N

60FL

81

78

7



Rate of Change of Frequency

Pickup #1, #2 0.10 to 20.00 Hz/Sec. 0.01 Hz/Sec. &0.05 Hz/Sec. or &5%Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &20 CyclesNegative SequenceVoltage Inhibit 0 to 99% 1% &0.5%

Phase Differential Current

Pickup 0.20 A to 3.00 A 0.01 A &0.1 A or &5%(0.04 to 0.60 A) (&0.02 A or &5%)

Percent Slope 1 to 100% 1% &2%Time Delay* 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

*When a time delay of 1 cycle is selected, the response time is less than 11/2 cycles.

Ground (zero sequence) Differential


Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles* 1 Cycle +1 to -2 Cycles or &1%CT Ratio Correction (RC) 0.10 to 7.99 0.01

*The Time Delay setting should not be less than 2 cycles.The 87GD function is provided primarily for low-impedance grounded generator applications. This functionoperates as a directional differential. If 3I0 or In is extremely small (less than 0.2 secondary Amps), the direc-tional element is disabled.

External Functions

Two functions are provided for externally connected devices to trip through the relay toprovide additional logic and target information. Any one or more of the input contacts (IN1IN6) can be programmed to activate designated output contacts after a selected time delay.Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

Nominal Settings

Nominal Voltage 50 to 140 V 1 V Nominal Current 0.50 to 6.00 A 0.01 A VT Configuration Line-Line/Line-Ground/

Line-Ground to Line-Line*Seal-In Delay 2 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &1 Cycle or &1%

*When Line-Ground to Line-Line is selected, the relay internally calculates the line-line voltage from the line-groundvoltages for all voltage-sensitive functions. This Line-Ground to Line-Line selection should only be used for a VTnominal secondary voltage of 69 V (not 120 V).


81R

87

87GD

EXT

8



OPTIONAL PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONSDevice SetpointNumber Function Ranges Increment Accuracy

Inverse Time Positive Sequence Overcurrent (I2t=K),for Stator Thermal Protection

Pickup 0.50 to 15.00 A 0.01 A &0.1 A(0.10 to 3.00 A) (&0.02 A)

Time Delay @6X* 0.10 to 10.00 Sec. 0.01 Sec. &3% or 3 CyclesReset Characteristics 4 minutes &3%(Linear) (from threshold of trip)

*This time delay setting is at six times the pickup current.

Field Ground Protection

Pickup #1, #2 5 to 100 K 1 K &10% or 1KTime Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &( 2IF +1) Sec.Injection Frequency (IF) 0.10 to 1.00 Hz 0.01 Hz

Brush Lift-Off Detection (measuring control circuit)Pickup 0 to 5000 mV 1 mVTime Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle &( 2IF +1) Sec.

When 64F is purchased, an external Coupler Module (M-3921) is provided for isolation from dc field voltages.Figure 7, Typical Field Ground Connection Diagram, illustrates a typical connection utilizing the M-3921 FieldGround Coupler. Hardware dimensional and mounting information is shown in Figure 8, M-3921 Field GroundCoupler Mounting Dimensions.

64F

64B

51T

9


DescriptionThe M-3425 Generator Protection Relay is suitable for all generator ratings and prime movers. Typical connectiondiagrams are illustrated in Figure 2, M-3425 Typical One-Line Connection Diagram, Figure 3, M-3425 TypicalOne-Line Connection Diagram (Configured for Split-Phase Differential), and Figure 4, M-3425 Typical Three-LineConnection Diagram.

Configuration OptionsThe M-3425 Generator Protection Relay is available with Standard Protective Functions, Optional ProtectiveFunctions, and Optional Features. This provides the user flexibility in selecting a protective system to best suitthe application. The relay may be purchased as a Protection System which includes all Standard ProtectiveFunctions. Additional Optional Protective Functions may be added at the time of purchase at per-functionpricing.The relay may also be purchased as a Base System, with the user selecting any ten (10) Standard ProtectiveFunctions. Additional Standard Functions and/or Premium Protective Functions may be added at the time ofpurchase at per-function pricing.The user can select the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module, Target Module, or redundant power supply attime of purchase for either the Protective System or Base System options.When the user purchases the Field Ground (64F) Premium Protective Function, an external coupler module(M-3921) is provided for isolation from the dc field voltages.

MeteringThe relay provides metering of voltages (phase, neutral and sequence quantities), currents (phase, neutral andsequence quantities), real power, reactive power, power factor and impedance measurements.Metering accuracies are:Voltage: &0.5 V or &0.5%, whichever is greater

&0.8 V or &0.75%, whichever is greater (when both RMS and Line-Ground to Line-Line areselected)

Current: 5 A rating, &0.1 A or &3%, whichever is greater1 A rating, &0.02 A or &3%, whichever is greater

Power: &0.01 PU or &2%, whichever is greaterFrequency: &0.02 Hz (from 57 to 63 Hz for 60 Hz models; from 47 to 53 Hz for 50 Hz models)

Oscillographic RecorderThe oscillographic recorder provides comprehensive data recording of all monitored waveforms, storing up to 170cycles of data. The total record length is user-configurable for 1, 2, 3 or 4 partitions. The sampling rate is 16 timesthe power system nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz). The recorder may be triggered either via the designatedstatus inputs, trip outputs, or via serial communications. The recorder continuously stores waveform data,keeping the most recent data in memory. When triggered, the recorder stores pre-trigger data, then continues tostore data in memory for a user-defined, post-trigger delay period.The records may be analyzed or viewed using Beckwith Electric M-3801D IPSplot PLUS Oscillograph Analysissoftware or M-3813 ComVert software, which converts Beckwith Electric oscillographic files to COMTRADEformat.

Target StorageA total of 24 targets can be stored. The information will include the function(s) operated, the functions picked up,input/output status, time stamp, and phase and neutral currents at the time of trip.

10


CalculationsCurrent and Voltage RMS Values: Uses discrete Fourier transform algorithm on sampled voltage and currentsignals to extract fundamental frequency phasors for relay calculations. RMS phase voltages for the 59 and 27functions (when total RMS is selected), and the 24 function are obtained using the time domain approach toobtain accuracy over a wide frequency band. When the RMS option is selected, the magnitude calculation isaccurate over a wide frequency range (10 to 80 Hz). When the DFT option is selected, the magnitude calculationis accurate near nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz).

Power Input OptionsNominal 110/120/230/240 V ac, 50/60 Hz, or nominal 110/125/220/250 V dc. Operates properly from 85 V ac to265 V ac and from 80 V dc to 288 V dc. Withstands 300 V ac or 300 V dc for 1 second. Nominal burden 20 VAat 120 V ac/125 V dc.Nominal 24/48 V dc, operates properly from 18 V dc to 56 V dc, withstands 65 V dc for 1 second. Burden 25 VAat 24 V dc and 30 VA at 48 V dc.An optional redundant power supply is available.

Sensing InputsFour Voltage Inputs: Rated nominal voltage of 50 V ac to 140 V ac at 60 Hz or 50 Hz. Will withstand 240 Vcontinuous voltage and 360 V for 10 seconds. Source voltages may be line-to-ground or line-to-line connected.Phase sequence ABC or ACB is selectable. Voltage transformer burden less than 0.2 VA at 120 V ac.Seven Current Inputs: Rated nominal current (IR) of 5.0 A or 1.0 A at 60 Hz or 50 Hz. Will withstand 2IRcontinuous current and 100IR for 1 second. Current transformer burden is less than 0.5 VA at 5 A, or 0.3 VAat 1 A.

Control/Status InputsThe control/status inputs, INPUT1 through INPUT6, can be programmed to block any relay functions, to triggerthe oscillographic recorder, or to operate one or more outputs. The control/status inputs should be dry contactsand are internally connected (wetted) to a 24 V dc power supply. To provide breaker status LED indication on thefront panel, the INPUT1 control/status input must be connected to the 52b breaker status contact.

Output ContactsThe eight programmable output contacts (six form a and two form c), the power supply alarm output contact(form b), and the self-test alarm output contact (form c) are all rated per ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1989 for tripping.Make 30 A for 0.2 seconds, carry 8 A, break 6 A at 120 V ac, break 0.1 A at 125 V dc, inductive break 0.1 A.Any of the functions can be individually programmed to activate any one or more of the eight programmableoutput contacts.

Target/Status Indicators and ControlsThe RELAY OK LED reveals proper cycling of the microcomputer. The BRKR CLOSED LED will turn on whenthe breaker is closed (when the 52b contact input is open). The OSC TRIG LED indicates that oscillographicdata has been recorded in the unit's memory. The TARGET LED will turn on when any of the relay functionsoperate. Pressing and releasing the TARGET RESET button resets the target LED if the conditions causing theoperation have been removed. Holding the TARGET RESET button displays the present pickup status of therelay functions. The PS1 and PS2 LEDs will remain on as long as power is applied to the unit and the powersupply is operating properly.

11


CommunicationCommunications ports include rear panel RS-232 and RS-485 ports, a front panel RS-232 port, and a rear-panelIRIG-B port. The communications protocol implements serial, byte-oriented, asynchronous communication,providing the following functions when used with the Windows-compatible M-3820C IPScom CommunicationsSoftware package. MODBUS and BECO 2200 protocols are supported providing:

Interrogation and modification of setpoints Time-stamped trip target information for the 24 most recent events Real-time metering of all quantities measured Downloading of recorded oscillographic data

IRIG-BThe M-3425 Generator Protection Relay can accept either modulated or demodulated IRIG-B time clocksynchronization signal. The IRIG-B time synchronization information is used to correct the hour, minutes,seconds, and milliseconds information.

HMI Module (optional)Local access to the relay is provided through an optional M-3931 HMI (Human-Machine Interface) Module,allowing for easy-to-use, menu-driven access to all functions via six buttons and a 2-line by 24 characteralphanumeric LED. Features of the HMI Module include :

User-definable access codes allow three levels of security Interrogation and modification of setpoints Time-stamped trip target information for the 24 most recent events Real-time metering of all quantities measured

Target Module (optional)An optional M-3925 Target Module provides 24 target and 8 output LEDs. Appropriate target LEDs will lightwhen the corresponding function operates. The targets can be reset with the TARGET RESET pushbutton. TheOUTPUT LEDs indicate the status of the programmable output relays.

Tests and StandardsThe relay complies with the following type tests and standards:

Voltage Withstand

Dielectric WithstandIEC 255-5 3,500 V dc for 1 minute applied to each independent circuit to earth

3,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between each independent circuit1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied to IRIG-B circuit to earth1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between IRIG-B to each independent circuit1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between RS-485 to each independent circuit

Impulse VoltageIEC 255-5 5,000 V pk, +/- polarity applied to each independent circuit to earth

5,000 V pk, +/- polarity applied between each independent circuit1.2 by 50 s, 500 ohms impedance, three surges at 1 every 5 seconds

Insulation ResistanceIEC 255-5 > 40 Megaohms

12


Electrical Environment

Electrostatic Discharge TestIEC 1000-4-2 Class 4 (8 kV)point contact discharge

Fast Transient Disturbance TestIEC 1000-4-4 Class 4 (4 kV, 2.5 kHz)

Surge Withstand CapabilityANSI/IEEE 2,500 V pk-pk oscillatory applied to each independent circuit to earthC37.90.1 2,500 V pk-pk applied between each independent circuit

5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied to each independent circuit to earth5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied between each independent circuit

Radiated SusceptibilityANSI/IEEE 25-1000 Mhz @ 35 V/m (with 64F option, 20 V/m)C37.90.2

Output ContactsANSI/IEEE Make 30 A for 0.2 seconds, off for 15 seconds for 2,000 operations. Section 6.7.1, TrippingC37.90.0 Output Performance Requirements1989

Atmospheric Environment

TemperatureIEC 68-2-1 Cold, 20 C for 96 hoursIEC 68-2-2 Dry Heat, +70 C for 96 hoursIEC 68-2-3 Damp Heat, +40 C @ 93% RH, for 96 hours

Mechanical Environment

VibrationIEC 255-21-1 Vibration response Class 1, 0.5 g

Vibration endurance Class 1, 1.0 g

ComplianceUL-Listed per 508 Industrial Control EquipmentCSA-Certified per C22.2 No. 14-95 Industrial Control Equipment

PhysicalSize: 19.00" wide x 5.21" high x 10.20" deep (48.3 cm x 13.2 cm x 25.9 cm)Mounting: The unit is a standard 19", semiflush, three-unit high, rack-mount panel design, conforming to ANSI/EIA RS-310C and DIN 41494 Part 5 specifications. Vertical or horizontal panel-mount options are available.Approximate Weight: 17 lbs (7.7 kg)Approximate Shipping Weight: 25 lbs (11.3 kg)

13


Recommended Storage Parameters

Temperature: 5 C to 40 CHumidity: Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31 C, decreasing to 31 Clinearly to 50% relative humidity at 40 C.Environment: Storage area to be free of dust, corrosive gases, flammable materials, dew, perco-lating water, rain and solar radiation.See M-3425 Instruction Book, Appendix E, Layup and Storage for additional information.

Patent & WarrantyThe M-3425 Generator Protection Relay is covered by U.S. Patents 5,592,393 and 5,224,011.The M-3425 Generator Protection Relay is covered by a five year warranty from date of shipment.

External ConnectionsM-3425 external connection points are illustrated in Figure 1, External Connections, on the facing page.

14


Figure 1 External Connections

15


50DT

Utility System

52Unit

52Gen

50BFPh

87

5050/2740 51T 4651V60FL 21 78 32

27

81R 81 27 59 24

64F 64B

M-3921+

-

CT

VT

CT

M-3425

87GD 50N

50BFN 51N

R

CTVT

59N27TN

27

32

R

M-3425 M-3425

High-impedance Grounding with ThirdHarmonic 100% Ground Fault Protection

Low-impedance Grounding withOvercurrent Stator Ground Fault Protection

This function is available as astandard protective function.

This function is available as aoptional protective function.

This function provides control forthe function to which it points.

NOTE: Some functions aremutually exclusive; seeInstruction Book for details.

M-3425 TypicalConnection Diagram

Figure 2 One-Line Connection Diagram

16


50DT

Utility System

52Unit

52Gen

5050/2740 51T 4651V60FL 21 78 32

27

81R 81 27 59 24

64F 64B

M-3921+

-

CT

VT

CT

M-3425

50N 51N

R

CTVT

59N27TN

27

32

R

M-3425 M-3425







M-3425 TypicalConnection Diagram(Configured for Split-Phase Differential)

Figure 3 Typical One-Line Connection Diagram (configured for split-phase diffential)

17


Example of Control / Output Connections

+

-

61 11 1060

16 15

52b 60FL

POWERSUPPLY

SELF-TESTFAILUREALARM

+

-

DC: 24 V 48 V

EXTERNAL INPUTS ALARM OUTPUTS CONTROLOUTPUTS

TRIPALARM

12 13

POWEROK

STATUSALARM

VT FUSE LOSS

TRIP

52G

TRIP OUTPUT

OSCILLOGRAPHRECORDERINITIATE

BREAKERFAILUREINITIATE

M-3425

ORDC: 110 V 125 V 220 V 250 VAC: 110 V 120 V 230 V 240 V

6263

UTILITY SYSTEM

ABC

48 49

46 47

OtherRelays M-3425

50 51

Generator

OtherRelays

52Gen

A B CThree VT Wye-Wye

Connection

4041

3839

4243

M-3

425

OR

OR

45

44

High Impedance Grounding

M-3425

58 59

56 57

54 55

M-3425

57 56

55 54

M-3425

59 58

57 56

55 54

M-3425

59 58

OR OR

M-34255352

A B C

A B C A B CA B C

M-3921Field Ground

CouplerModule

10

1152b

M-3425

OR

Low Impedance Grounding

M-3

42542

43

4041

3839

Two VT Open-DeltaConnectionA B C

4041

3839

4243

M-3

425

Three VT Wye-WyeConnection - Alternate

A B C

Figure 4 M-3425 Typical Three-Line Connection Diagram

NOTE: M-3425 current terminal polarity marks () indicate "entering" current direction when primary currentis "from" the generator. If CT connections differ from those shown, adjust input terminals.

NOTE: Wire to split phase differential CTs for use with 50DT split phase function.

18


17.31 [43.97]ACTUAL

5.21 [13.23]ACTUAL

5.28 [13.41]

17.5 [44.45]

10.20 [25.91]

19.00[48.26]

17.78 [44.65]18.58 [47.19]

2.35 [5.96]

1.35 [3.42]

Standard 19" Horizontal Mount Chassis NOTE: Dimensions in brackets are in centimeters.

RECOMMENDED CUTOUT WHEN RELAY ISNOT USED AS STANDARD RACK MOUNT

Rear View

0.40 [1.02] x 0.27 [0.68] SLOT (4x)

Figure 5 Horizontal Mounting Dimensions

NOTE: Panels for vertical mounting are available. When mounted vertically, the target module will be locatedat the top and all front-panel text will be horizontally aligned. Consult Beckwith Electric Co. for details.

19


17.31[43.97]Actual

17.5[44.45]

1.67[4.24]

19.00[48.26]

18.26[46.38]

2.25[5.72]

0.28 [0.71]Dia. (4X)

Front ViewNOTE: Dimensions in bracketsare in centimeters.

Rear ViewRECOMMENDED CUTOUT WHEN RELAY ISNOT USED AS STANDARD RACK MOUNTAND IS PANEL CUT OUT MOUNTED

Optional Vertical Mount Chassis

5.59[14.20]Actual

5.65[14.40]

1.70[4.32]

2.25[5.72]

Figure 6 Vertical Mounting Dimensions

20


M-3921 Field Ground Coupler NOTES:

1. The above circuit measures insulation resistance (Rf) between rotor field winding and ground (64F).2. Relay injects &15 V squarewave (V

out) and measures return signal (Vf) to calculate Rf.3. The injection frequency can be set (0.1 to 1.0 Hz) based on the rotor capacitance, in order to improve

accuracy.4. Analyzing signal rise time can determine if shaft brushes are open (64B).

Function SpecificationField/Exciter Supply Voltage Rating (Terminal (3) to (2)):

60 to 1200 V dc, continuous 1500 V dc, 1 minute

Operating Temperature: 20 to +70, Centigrade

Patent & WarrantyThe M-3921 Field Ground Coupler is covered by a five year warranty from date of shipment.

Tests and StandardsM-3921 Field Ground Coupler complies with the following tests and standards:

Voltage Withstand

Isolation4 kV ac for 1 minute, all terminals to case

Impulse VoltageIEC 2555, 5,000 V pk, 1.2 by 50 ms, 0.5 J, 3 positive and 3 negative impulses at 5 second

part 5 intervals per minute

21


Electrical Interference

Electrostatic Discharge TestIEC 1000-4-2 Class 4 (8 kV)point contact discharge

Fast Transient Disturbance TestsIEC 1000-4-4 Class 4 (4 kV, 2.5 kHz)

Surge Withstand CapabilityANSI/IEEE 2,500 V pk-pk oscillatory applied to each independent circuit to earthC37.90.1 2,500 V pk-pk applied between each independent circuit

5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied to each independent circuit to earth5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied between each independent circuit

Radiated SusceptibilityANSI/IEEE 25-1000 Mhz @ 20 V/mC37.90.2

Atmospheric EnvironmentIEC 6821 Cold, 20 C for 96 hoursIEC 6822 Dry Heat, +70 C for 96 hoursIEC 6823 Damp Heat, +40 C @ 93% RH, for 96 hours

Enclosure ProtectionNEMA 1, IEC IPC-65

22


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23


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Figure 8 M-3921 Field Ground Coupler Mounting Dimensions

800-3425-SP-13MC2 08/08 1998 Beckwith Electric Co.Printed in U.S.A. (10.16.02)

WARNINGDANGEROUS VOLTAGES, capable of causing death or seriousinjury, are present on the external terminals and inside the equip-ment. Use extreme caution and follow all safety rules when han-dling, testing or adjusting the equipment. However, these internalvoltage levels are no greater than the voltages applied to the exter-nal terminals.

DANGER! HIGH VOLTAGE

This sign warns that the area is connected to a dangerous high voltage, and youmust never touch it.

PERSONNEL SAFETY PRECAUTIONSThe following general rules and other specific warnings throughout the manual must be followed during application, test or repair of thisequipment. Failure to do so will violate standards for safety in the design, manufacture, and intended use of the product. Qualifiedpersonnel should be the only ones who operate and maintain this equipment. Beckwith Electric Co., Inc. assumes no liability for thecustomers failure to comply with these requirements.

This sign means that you should refer to the corresponding section of the operationmanual for important information before proceeding.

Always Ground the EquipmentTo avoid possible shock hazard, the chassis must be connected to an electrical ground. When servic-ing equipment in a test area, the Protective Earth Terminal must be attached to a separate groundsecurely by use of a tool, since it is not grounded by external connectors.

Do NOT operate in an explosive environmentDo not operate this equipment in the presence of flammable or explosive gases or fumes. To do sowould risk a possible fire or explosion.

Keep away from live circuitsOperating personnel must not remove the cover or expose the printed circuit board while power isapplied. In no case may components be replaced with power applied. In some instances, dangerousvoltages may exist even when power is disconnected. To avoid electrical shock, always disconnectpower and discharge circuits before working on the unit.

Exercise care during installation, operation, & maintenance proceduresThe equipment described in this manual contains voltages high enough to cause serious injury ordeath. Only qualified personnel should install, operate, test, and maintain this equipment. Be sure thatall personnel safety procedures are carefully followed. Exercise due care when operating or servicingalone.

Do not modify equipmentDo not perform any unauthorized modifications on this instrument. Return of the unit to a BeckwithElectric repair facility is preferred. If authorized modifications are to be attempted, be sure to followreplacement procedures carefully to assure that safety features are maintained.

PRODUCT CAUTIONSBefore attempting any test, calibration, or maintenance procedure, personnel must be completely familiarwith the particular circuitry of this unit, and have an adequate understanding of field effect devices. If acomponent is found to be defective, always follow replacement procedures carefully to that assure safetyfeatures are maintained. Always replace components with those of equal or better quality as shown in theParts List of the Instruction Book.

Avoid static chargeThis unit contains MOS circuitry, which can be damaged by improper test or rework procedures. Careshould be taken to avoid static charge on work surfaces and service personnel.

Use caution when measuring resistancesAny attempt to measure resistances between points on the printed circuit board, unless otherwisenoted in the Instruction Book, is likely to cause damage to the unit.

iTable of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 Instruction Book Contents ................................................................. 111.2 M-3425 Generator Protection Relay .................................................. 121.3 Accessories ........................................................................................ 14

Chapter 2 Application2.1 Configuration ....................................................................................... 21

Functions ............................................................................................ 21Relay System Setup .......................................................................... 23

2.2 System Diagrams ............................................................................... 252.3 Setpoints and Time Settings ............................................................. 28

21 Phase Distance ............................................................................. 2924 Volts/Hz ....................................................................................... 21227 RMS Undervoltage, 3-Phase ...................................................... 21527TN Third Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral Circuit ....................... 21632 Directional Power, 3-Phase ........................................................ 21840 Loss of Field ............................................................................... 22046 Negative Sequence Overcurrent ................................................. 22350/50N Instantaneous Overcurrent,Phase & Neutral Circuits ........ 22550BF Generator Breaker Failure/50N HV Breaker Flashover ......... 22650DT Definite Time Overcurrent (for split-phase differential) ........ 22851N Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent ............................................ 22951T Inverse Time Positive Sequence Overcurrent forStator Thermal Protection ................................................................ 23051V Inverse Time Phase Overcurrent withVoltage Control/Restraint ................................................................. 23250/27 Inadvertant Energizing ........................................................... 23459 RMS Overvoltage, 3-Phase ........................................................ 23659N RMS Overvoltage, Neutral Circuit or Zero Sequence ............. 23760FL Fuse Loss ............................................................................... 23864B Brush Lift-Off Detection ........................................................... 23964F Field Ground Protection ............................................................ 24178 Out of Step .................................................................................. 24381 Frequency .................................................................................... 24581R Rate of Change of Frequency .................................................. 24787GD Ground (Zero Sequence) Differential ..................................... 24887 Phase Differential ........................................................................ 249External Functions ........................................................................... 250

TABLE OF CONTENTSM-3425 Generator Protection

Instruction Book

ii

M-3425 Instruction Book

Chapter 3 Operation3.1 Front Panel Controls .......................................................................... 313.2 Initial Setup Procedure/Settings ........................................................ 33

Setup Unit Data .................................................................................. 33Setup System Data ............................................................................ 36Configure Relay Data ......................................................................... 36Setpoint and Time Settings ............................................................... 37Oscillograph Recorder Data ............................................................... 37Communications Data ........................................................................ 38

3.3 Status/Metering .................................................................................. 38Monitor Status/Metering ..................................................................... 38

3.4 Target History ..................................................................................... 39

Chapter 4 Remote Operation4.1 Remote Operation............................................................................... 41

Direct Connection ............................................................................... 41Multiple Systems Setup ..................................................................... 42Serial Multidrop Network Setup ......................................................... 42Setting up the M-3425 Generator Protection Relay forCommunications ................................................................................. 43Installing the Modems ........................................................................ 43

4.2 Installation and Setup (IPScom) ..................................................... 44Hardware Requirements ..................................................................... 45Installation .......................................................................................... 45Installing IPScom ............................................................................... 45Installing IPSutil ............................................................................. 45

4.3 Operation ............................................................................................ 45Activating Communications................................................................ 45Overview ............................................................................................. 47File Menu ............................................................................................ 47Comm Menu ....................................................................................... 48Relay Menu ......................................................................................... 49Window Menu/Help Menu ................................................................. 415

4.4 Checkout Status/Metering ................................................................ 4164.5 Cautions ............................................................................................ 4194.6 Keyboard Shortcuts .......................................................................... 4204.7 IPSutil Communications Software ................................................ 421

Chapters (cont'd) Page

iii

Table of Contents

Chapter 5 Installation5.1 General Information ............................................................................ 515.2 Mechanical/Physical Dimensions ...................................................... 515.3 Commissioning Checkout .................................................................. 585.4 Circuit Board Switches and Jumpers .............................................. 510

Chapter 6 Testing6.1 Equipment/Test Setup ........................................................................ 626.2 Diagnostic Test Procedures .............................................................. 66

Output Test ........................................................................................ 66Input Test ........................................................................................... 67Status LED Test ................................................................................ 67Target LED Test ................................................................................. 68Expanded I/O Test ............................................................................. 68Button Test ......................................................................................... 68Display Test ....................................................................................... 69COM1/COM2/COM3 Loopback Test .................................................. 69COM3 Test (2-Wire) ........................................................................... 69Clock Test ........................................................................................ 610Flash Relay OK LED Test ............................................................... 610Auto Calibration ................................................................................ 611Factory Use Only ............................................................................. 611

6.3 Auto Calibration ................................................................................ 611Phase and Neutral Calibration ......................................................... 611Third Harmonic Calibration ............................................................... 611Field Ground Calibration ................................................................... 612

6.4 Functional Test Procedures ............................................................. 614Power On Self Tests ....................................................................... 61521 Phase Distance ........................................................................... 61624 Volts per Hertz, Definite Time .................................................... 61824 Volts per Hertz, Inverse Time .................................................... 61927 RMS Undervoltage, 3-Phase ...................................................... 62027TN Third-Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral ................................... 62132 Directional Power, 3-Phase ........................................................ 62240 Loss of Field ............................................................................... 62446 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Definite Time ......................... 62546 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Inverse Time .......................... 62650 Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent .............................................. 62750BF Breaker Failure ....................................................................... 62850/27 Inadvertant Energizing ........................................................... 63050DT Definite Time Overcurrent for Split-Phase Differential ......... 63150N Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent ......................................... 63251N Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent .......................................... 63351T Inverse Time Positive Sequence Overcurrent for


iv


Chapter 6 Testing (cont'd)Stator Thermal Protection ................................................................ 63451V Inverse Time Phase Overcurrent withVoltage Control/Restraint ................................................................. 63559 RMS Overvoltage, 3-Phase ........................................................ 63659N RMS Overvoltage, Neutral Circuit or Zero Sequence ............. 63760FL VT Fuse Loss Detection ........................................................ 63864F Field Ground Protection ............................................................ 63964B Brush Lift Off Detection ........................................................... 64178 Out of Step .................................................................................. 64281 Frequency .................................................................................... 64381R Rate of Change of Frequency .......................................64487 Phase Differential ........................................................................ 64687GD Ground Differential ................................................................ 647EXT External Functions ................................................................... 648

AppendicesAppendix A: Configuration Record Forms .........................................A1Appendix B: Communications............................................................B1Appendix C: Self-Test Error Codes ...................................................C1Appendix D: Inverse Time Curves ....................................................D1Appendix E: Layup and Storage ........................................................E1


vTable of Contents

Chapter 11-1 M-3925 Target Module ....................................................................... 141-2 M-3931 Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module............................. 14

Chapter 22-1 One-Line Functional Diagram............................................................. 252-2 Alternative One-Line Functional Diagram .......................................... 262-3 Three-Line Connection Diagram ......................................................... 272-4 Phase Distance (21) Coverage ........................................................ 2112-5 Phase Distance (21) Function Applied for System Backup ........... 2112-6 Example of Capability and Protection Curves (24) ......................... 2132-7 Third-Harmonic Undervoltage (27TN)Protection Characteristics .... 2162-8 Tripping on Low Forward Power in

Positive Direction (Toward System) ............................................... 2182-9 Tripping on Low Foward Power in

Negative Direction (Toward Generator) ......................................... 2192-10 Loss of Field (40) Protective Approach 1 ....................................... 2212-11 Loss of Field (40) Protective Approach 2 ....................................... 2212-12 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Inverse Time Curves ................. 2242-13 Breaker Failure Logic Diagram ....................................................... 2262-14 Inverse Time Curve 51T .............................................................. 2312-15 Voltage Restraint (51VR) Characteristic ........................................ 2332-16 Inadvertent Energizing Function Logic Diagram ............................ 2352-17 M-3921 Field Ground Coupler ........................................................ 2412-18 Out of Step Relay Characteristics .................................................. 2442-19 Example of Frequency (81) Trip Characteristics ........................... 2452-20 Differential Relay (87) Operating Characteristics .......................... 2492-21 External Function Example .............................................................. 251

Chapter 33-1 M-3425 Front Panel ............................................................................ 34

3-2 Screen Message Menu Flow ............................................................. 343-3 Main Menu Flow ................................................................................. 35

Figures Page

vi


Chapter 44-1 Multiple System Addressing Using

Communications Line Splitter ............................................................ 424-2 IPScom Program-Item Icon ............................................................. 454-3 IPScom Menu Selections ................................................................ 464-4 New Device Profile Dialog Box .......................................................... 474-5 Communication Dialog Box ................................................................ 484-6 Setup System Dialog Box ................................................................. 494-7 Relay Setpoints Dialog Box ............................................................. 4104-8 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Setpoint Dialog Box .................... 4104-9 All Setpoints Table Dialog Box ....................................................... 4114-10 Configure Dialog Box ....................................................................... 4124-11 Unit Date/Time Dialog Box .............................................................. 4134-12 Target Dialog Box............................................................................. 4144-13 About IPScom Dialog Box ............................................................... 4154-14 Primary Status Dialog Box .............................................................. 4164-15 Secondary Status Dialog Box.......................................................... 416416 Phase Distance Dialog Box ............................................................. 4174-17 Loss of Field Dialog Box ................................................................. 4174-18 Out of Step Dialog Box ................................................................... 4184-19 Phasor Dialog Box ........................................................................... 4184-20 Function Status Dialog Box ............................................................. 4194-21 IPSutil Main Menu Flow ............................................................... 4214-22 Warning Message ............................................................................. 4224-23 Calibration Dialog Box ...................................................................... 4234-24 Communication Dialog Box .............................................................. 4244-25 Relay Comm Port Settings .............................................................. 4244-26 Unit Date/Time Dialog Box .............................................................. 4244-27 Change Communication Access Code Dialog Box ......................... 4254-28 Change Level Access Code Dialog Box ......................................... 4254-29 Setup Dialog Box ............................................................................. 425

Figures (cont'd) Page

vii

Table of Contents

Chapter 55-1 M-3425 Mounting Dimensions Horizontal Chassis ....................... 525-2 M-3425 Mounting Dimensions Vertical Chassis ........................... 535-3 (H2) Mounting Dimensions ................................................................. 545-4 (H3) Mounting Dimensions for GE L-2 Cabinet ................................ 555-5 External Connections ......................................................................... 565-6 Three-Line Connection Diagram ......................................................... 575-7 M-3425 Circuit Board ....................................................................... 511

Chapter 66-1 Voltage Inputs: Configuration V1 ....................................................... 646-2 Voltage Inputs: Configuration V2 ....................................................... 646-3 Current Inputs: Configuration C1 ....................................................... 646-4 Current Inputs: Configuration C2 ....................................................... 646-5 Current Configuration C3 .................................................................... 656-6 Status LED Panel............................................................................... 686-7 M-3925 Target Module Panel ............................................................. 686-8 M-3931 Human/Machine Interface (HMI) Module.............................. 696-9 COM1/COM2 Loopback Plug ............................................................. 696-10 RS-485 2-Wire Testing ..................................................................... 6106-11 Current Input Configuration .............................................................. 6136-12 Voltage Input Configuration.............................................................. 6136-13 Field Ground Coupler Calibration ..................................................... 6146-14 Field Ground Coupler ....................................................................... 641

Appendix AA-1 Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module ...........................................A3A-2 Communication Data & Unit Setup Record Form .............................A4A-3 Functional Configuration Record Form ..............................................A5A4 Setpoint & Timing Record Form ........................................................A9

Appendix BB-1 Null Modem Cable: M-0423................................................................B2B-2 RS-232 Fiber Optic Network ..............................................................B3B-3 RS-485 Network ..................................................................................B4


viii


Appendix DD-1 Volts/Hz (24) Inverse Time Curve Family #1 (Inverse Square) .......D2D-2 Volts/Hz (24) Inverse Time Family Curve #2 ...................................D3D-3 Volts/Hz (24IT) Inverse Time Curve Family #3 ................................D4D-4 Volts/Hz (24IT) Inverse Time Curve Family #4 ................................D5D-5 Definite Time Overcurrent Curve .......................................................D8D-6 Inverse Time Overcurrent Curve .......................................................D9D-7 Very Inverse Time Overcurrent Curve ............................................ D10D-8 Extremely Inverse Time Overcurrent Curve .................................... D11D-9 IEC Curve #1 Inverse .................................................................. D12D-10 IEC Curve #2 Very Inverse ......................................................... D13D-11 IEC Curve #3 Extremely Inverse ................................................ D14D-12 IEC Curve #4 Long Time Inverse ............................................... D15


ix

Table of Contents

Tables Page

Chapter 11-1 M-3425 Device Functions .................................................................. 13

Chapter 22-1 Phase Distance (21) Setpoint Ranges .............................................. 292-2 Impedance Calculation ....................................................................... 292-3 Volts-Per-Hertz (24) Setpoint Ranges ............................................. 2122-4 RMS Undervoltage, 3-Phase (27) Setpoint Ranges ....................... 2152-5 Third Harmonic Undervoltage (27TN)

Neutral Circuit Setpoint Ranges ...................................................... 2162-6 Directional Power, 3-Phase (32) Setpoint Ranges .......................... 2182-7 Loss-of-Field (40) Setpoint Ranges ................................................. 2202-8 Negative Sequence Overcurrent (46) Setpoint Ranges .................. 2232-9 Instantaneous Overcurrent (50/50N) Setpoint Ranges ................... 2252-10 Breaker Failure (50BF) Setpoint Ranges ........................................ 2272-11 Definite Time Overcurrent (50DT) Setpoint Ranges ....................... 2282-12 Inverse Time Overcurrent Neutral (51N) Setpoint Range ............... 2292-13 Inverse Time Positive Sequence

Overcurrent (51T) Setpoint Ranges ................................................. 2302-14 Inverse Time Overcurrent with Voltage Control/Restraint

(51VC/VR) Setpoint Ranges ............................................................ 2322-15 Delta/Wye Transformer Voltage-Current Pairs ................................ 2332-16 Inadvertent Energizing (50/27) Setpoint Ranges ............................ 2342-17 RMS Overvoltage, 3-Phase (59) Setpoint Ranges ......................... 2362-18 RMS Overvoltage, Neutral Circuit

or Zero Sequence (59N) Setpoint Ranges ...................................... 2372-19 Fuse Loss (60FL) Setpoint Ranges ................................................. 2382-20 Brush Lift-Off Detection (64B) Setpoint Ranges............................. 2402-21 Typical Brush Lift-off Settings ......................................................... 2402-22 Field Ground Protection (64F) Setpoint Ranges ............................. 2412-23 Typical Frequency Settings ............................................................. 2422-24 Out of Step (78) Setpoint Ranges ................................................... 2432-25 Frequency (81) Setpoint Ranges ..................................................... 2452-26 Rate of Change of Frequency (81R) Setpoint Ranges ................... 2472-27 Ground Differential (87GD) Setpoint Ranges .................................. 2482-28 Differential (87) Setpoint Ranges ..................................................... 2492-29 External Functions Setpoint Range ................................................. 250

xM-3425 Instruction Book

800-3425-IB-02MC10 08/081998 Beckwith Electric Co.Printed in U.S.A. (9.21.01)

Chapter 44-1 Dead Sync Time ................................................................................. 434-2 Protective System Firmware Association ......................................... 474-3 Windows Keyboard Shortcuts .......................................................... 420

Chapter 55-1 Jumpers ............................................................................................ 5115-2 Dip Switch SW-1 .............................................................................. 511

Chapter 66-1 Functions to Disable When Testing .................................................. 636-2 Output Contacts ................................................................................. 666-3 Input Contacts .................................................................................... 67

Appendix AA-1 Relay Configuration Table ..................................................................A2

Appendix BB-1 Communication Port Signals .............................................................B2

Appendix CC-1 Self-Test Error Codes ........................................................................C1C-2 IPScom Error Messages .................................................................C3

Appendix DD-1A M-3425 Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay Characteristic Curves ......D6D-1B M-3425 Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay Characteristic Curves ......D7

Tables (cont.) Page

Introduction 1

11

1.1 Instruction Book Contents

This instruction book has six chapters and fourAppendices.

Chapter 1: IntroductionChapter One summarizes relay capabilities,introduces the instruction book contents, anddescribes accessories.

Chapter 2: ApplicationChapter Two is designed for the person or groupresponsible for the application of the M-3425 GeneratorProtection Relay. It includes functional and connectiondiagrams for a typical application of the relay; anddescribes the configuration process for the unit(choosing active functions), output contactassignment and input blocking designation. It alsoillustrates the definition of system quantities andequipment characteristics required by the protectiverelay, and describes the individual function settings.

Chapter 3: OperationChapter Three is designed for the person(s)responsible for the operation, direct setting, andconfiguration of the relay. Chapter Three providesinformation on the operation and interpretation of theunit's front panel controls and indicators, includingoperation of the optional M-3931 HMI and M-3925Target modules. It further describes the proceduresfor entering all required data to the relay. Included inthis chapter is a description of the process necessaryfor review of setpoints and timing, monitoring functionstatus and metering quantities, viewing the targethistory, and setup of the oscillograph recorder.

Chapter 4: Remote OperationThis chapter is designed for the person or groupresponsible for the remote operation and setting of therelay using the M-3820A IPScom CommunicationsSoftware package or other means.

1 Introduction1.1 Instruction Book Contents .................................................................... 111.2 M-3425 Generator Protection Relay ..................................................... 121.3 Accessories ......................................................................................... 13

Chapter 5: InstallationThe person or group responsible for the installationof the relay will find herein all mechanical informationrequired for physical installation, equipment ratings,and all external connections in this chapter. Forreference, the Three-Line Connection Diagram isrepeated from Chapter 2, Application. Further, acommissioning checkout procedure is outlined usingthe HMI option to check the external CT and VTconnections. Additional tests which may be desirableat the time of installation are described in Chapter6, Testing.

Chapter 6: TestingThis chapter provides step-by-step test proceduresfor each function, as well as diagnostic mode andautocalibration procedures for HMI-equipped units.

Appendix A: Configuration Record FormsThis Appendix supplies a set of forms to record anddocument the settings required for the properoperation of the relay.

Appendix B: CommunicationsThis Appendix describes port signals, protocols,and various topologies, and equipment required forremote communication.

Appendix C: Self-Test Error CodesThis Appendix lists all the error codes and theirdefinitions.

Appendix D: Inverse Time CurvesThis Appendix contains a graph of the four familiesof Inverse Time Curves for V/Hz applications, theInverse Time Overcurrent Curves, and the IECcurves.

Appendix E: Layup and StorageThis Appendix includes the recommended storageparameters, periodic surveillance activities and layupconfiguration for the M-3425 Generator ProtectionRelay.


12

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Table 1-1 M-3425 Device Functions

1.2 M-3425 Generator ProtectionRelay

The M-3425 Generator Protection Relay is amicroprocessor-based unit that uses digital signalprocessing technology to provide up to twenty-sixprotective relaying functions for generator protection.The relay can protect a generator from internalwinding faults, system faults, and other abnormalconditions.

The available internal functions of the relay arelisted in Table 1-1. The nomenclature follows thestandards of ANSI/IEEE Std. C37.2-1991, StandardElectric Power Systems Device Function Numbers.

Six input contacts can be programmed to block anyrelay function and/or to trigger the oscillographrecorder. Any of the functions or the input contactscan be individually programmed to activate any oneor more of the eight programmable output contacts.

With the optional M-3931 HMI (Human-MachineInterface) Module, all functions can be set orexamined via a local, menu-driven, 2 line by 24character alphanumeric display. The module allowslocal metering of various quantities, including phase,neutral, and sequence voltages and currents, realand reactive power, power factor, and positivesequence impedance measurements.

The relay stores time-tagged target information forthe twenty-four most recent events. For unitsequipped with the optional M-3925 Target Module,LEDs are used to provide a detailed visual indicationof function operation for the most recent event.

The unit retains up to 170 cycles of oscillographwaveform data. This data can be downloaded andanalyzed using the M-3801D IPSplot PLUSOscillograph Analysis Software package.

The unit is powered from a wide input range switchmode power supply. An optional redundant powersupply is available.

The relay includes self-test, auto calibration, anddiagnostic capabilities, in addition to IRIG-B time-sync capability for accurate time-tagging of events.

Introduction 1

13

Three communication ports are provided. COM1and COM2 are standard 9-pin RS-232 DTE-configured communications ports. The front-panelport, COM1, is used to locally set and interrogatethe relay via a portable computer. The secondRS-232 port, COM2, is provided at the rear of theunit. An RS-485 communications port, COM3, isalso available at the rear terminal block of the relay.Either rear-panel port, COM2 or COM3, can be usedto remotely set and interrogate the relay via hard-wired serial connection or modem.

M-3820A IPScom Communications SoftwareIPScom is shipped standard with every relay. Thissoftware runs on a PC-compatible computer operatingunder Microsoft Windows 95/98 or later. Whenproperly connected via either direct serial connectionor modem, IPScom can provide the followingfunctions:

Setpoint interrogation and modification Line status real-time monitoring Recorded oscillograph data downloading

1.3 Accessories

M-3925 Target ModuleThe optional target module, shown below, includes24 individually labelled TARGET LEDs to indicateoperation of the functions on the front panel. Eightindividually labelled OUTPUT LEDs will be lit as longas the corresponding output contact is picked up.

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Figure 1-1 M-3925 Target Module

M-3933/M-0423 Serial Communication CablesThe M-3933 cable is a 10-foot RS-232 cable for usebetween the relays rear panel (COM2) port and amodem. This cable has a DB25 (25-pin) connector(modem) and a DB9 (9-pin) at the relay end.The M-0423 cable is a 10-foot null-modem RS-232cable for direct connection between a PC and therelays front panel COM1 port, or the rear COM2port. This cable has a DB9 (9-pin) connector ateach end.

M-3931 HMI (Human-Machine Interface) ModuleThe optional HMI module provides the means tointerrogate the relay and to input settings, accessdata, etc. directly from the front of the relay. Itsoperation is described in detail in Section 3.1, FrontPanel Controls.

Figure 1-2 M-3931 Human-MachineInterface (HMI) Module

M-3801D IPSplot PLUS Oscillograph AnalysisSoftware PackageThe IPSplot PLUS Oscillograph Analysis Softwareruns in conjunction with the IPScom softwarepackage on any IBM PC-compatible computer,enabling the plotting, printing, and analysis ofwaveform data downloaded from the M-3425Generator Protection Relay.


14

This Page Left Intentionally Blank

Application 2

21

2.1 Configuration

FunctionsConfiguration of the relay consists of enabling thefunctions for use in a particular application,designating the output contacts each function willoperate, and which status inputs will block thefunction. The choices include eight programmableoutput contacts (OUT1OUT8) and six status inputs(IN1IN6), plus a block choice for fuse loss logicoperation (see Section 2.3, Setpoint and TimeSettings, 60FL Fuse Loss subsection for details).The blocking status inputs and output contactassignments must be chosen before entering thesettings for the individual functions. Both may berecorded on the Relay Configuration Table inAppendix A, Configuration Record Forms.

Chapter Two is designed for the person or groupresponsible for the application of the M-3425Generator Protection Relay. It includes functionaland connection diagrams for a typical application ofthe relay; and describes the configuration processfor the unit (choosing active functions), outputcontact assignment and input blocking designation.It also illustrates the definition of system quantitiesand equipment characteristics required by theprotective relay, and describes the individual functionsettings.

Screens shown in the following examples are asthey would appear on units equipped with the M-3931HMI Module. The same setting may be enteredremotely via M-3820A IPScom CommunicationsSoftware (see Chapter 4, Remote Operation).

2 Application2.1 Configuration ............................................................................................ 212.2 System Diagrams ..................................................................................... 252.3 Setpoints and Time Settings .................................................................... 28


22

60FL V.T. FUSE LOSSdisable ENABLE

60FL BLOCK INPUTfl i6 i5 i4 i3 i2 I1

60FL RELAY OUTPUTo8 o7 o6 o5 o4 o3 o2 O1

Status input IN1 is preassigned to be the 52bbreaker status contact. If a multiple breaker schemeis used, the input IN1 must be the seriescombination of the 52b breaker contacts. Additionaluser-chosen status inputs may initiate actions suchas breaker failure, initiate external fuse lossdetection, or trigger the oscillograph recorder.

( denotes standard protective functions and +denotes optional protective functions.)

21 Phase Distance, #1, #2 24 Volts/Hz: Def Time #1, #2, Inv Time 27 RMS Undervoltage, 3-Phase #1, #2 27TN Third-Harmonic Undervoltage,

Neutral, #1, #2 32 Directional Power, 3-Phase #1, #2 40 Loss of Field #1, #2 46 Negative Sequence Overcurrent:

Def Time, Inv Time 50 Instantaneous Phase Overcurrent 50BF Breaker Failure 50DT Definite Time Overcurrent, #1, #2 50N Instantaneous Neutral Overcurrent 50/27 Inadvertent Energization 51N Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent

+ 51T Inverse Time Positive SequenceOvercurrent for Stator Thermal Protection

51V Inverse Time Phase Overcurrent withVoltage Control/ Restraint

59 RMS Overvoltage, 3-Phase #1, #2 59N RMS Overvoltage, Neutral #1, #2 60FL Fuse Loss Detection+ 64B Brush Lift-Off Detection+ 64F Field Ground Protection, #1, #2 78 Out-of-Step 81 Frequency #1, #2, #3, #4 81R Rate of Change of Frequency, #1,#2 87 Phase Differential 87GD Ground Differential External #1, #2

The relay allows the user to designate up to twoexternal functions which perform similarly to internalrelay functions. These external functions may beenabled or disabled, and output contacts andblocking inputs are chosen the same as for theinternal functions. The external functions aredescribed in further detail in Section 2.3, Setpointand Time Settings, External Functions subsection.

This designation is required for each relay function. After enablingthe function, the user is presented with the two following screens:

This assigns the blocking designations (up to six) for the enabledfunction. OR logic is used if more than one input is selected.

This screen assigns the output contacts (up to eight) for the particularrelay function. If no output contacts are assigned, the function willnot generate any output or targets even though the function isenabled.

Q NOTE: Uppercase text indicates selection.

Application 2

23

required. Several functions require proper setting ofthese values for correct operation. The NominalVoltage and Nominal Current settings are neededfor proper normalization of per unit quantities. CTand VT ratios are used only in monitoring anddisplaying system primary quantities.

Relay System SetupThe system setup consists of defining all pertinentinformation regarding the system quantities. Setupscreens shown here may be accessed through theSYSTEM SETUP menu. Regardless of the functionsenabled or disabled, all information shown is

The secondary VT voltage when primary voltage is equal to therated generator voltage. (V gen rated $ VT ratio)

The secondary CT current of the phase CTs with rated generatorcurrent. (I gen rated $ CT ratio)

Indicates VT connection. (See Figure 2-3, Three-Line ConnectionDiagram.) When line-ground voltages are used, functions 24, 27,and 59 may operate for line-ground faults. If this is not desired, theline-gnd-to-line-line selection should be used to prevent operationof these functions for line-ground faults.When line-gnd-to-line-line is selected, the relay internally calculatesline-line voltages from line-ground voltages for all voltage-sensitivefunctions. This line-gnd-to-line-line selection should be used onlyfor a VT nominal secondary voltage of 69V (not for 120 V). For thisselection, the nominal voltage setting entered should be line-linenominal voltage, which is S3 times line-ground nominal voltage.By enabling the Delta-Y Transform, the relay will internally consider the30 phase shift through the delta-wye unit transformer for 51V and 21functions.

This screen allows the user to select the phase rotation of the M-3425to match the generator.

This screen allows selection of RMS or DFT for the 59 and 27functions. The magnitude can be selected as the RMS of the totalwaveform (including harmonics) or the RMS of the 60/50 Hzfundamental component of the waveform using the Discrete FourierTransform (DFT). When the RMS option is selected, the magnitudecalculation is accurate over a wide frequency range (10 to 80 Hz)and the accuracy of the time delay is +20 cycles. When the DFToption is selected, the magnitude calculation is accurate near 50 or60 Hz and the timer accuracy is &1 cycle. When a wider frequencyresponse is needed, select RMS. For generator protection applications,it is recommended to use the RMS selection. RMS is the defaultwhen shipped from the factory.

NOMINAL VOLTAGE________ Volts

NOMINAL CURRENT________ Amps

VT CONFIGURATIONline-line line-groundJ

Iline-gnd_to_line-line

DELTA-Y TRANSFORMdisable enable

PHASE ROTATIONa-c-b a-b-c

59/27 MAGNITUDE SELECTrms dft


24

If the 50DT function is to be used for split-phase differential pro-tection, this selection should be enabled. If the 50DT function is tobe used as a definite time overcurrent function, this selection shouldbe disabled.

If pulse relay operation is selected, output will dropout after theseal-in delay expires, even if the condition which caused the relayto pick up is still out of band.

Minimum time the output contact will remain picked up to ensureproper seal-in, regardless of the subsequent state of the initiatingfunction. Individual Seal-In settings are available for all outputs.

This designates the active state for the individual status input.Programming uppercase (see I6) causes the active or operatedcondition to be initiated by the external contact opening. Other-wise, external contact closure will activate the input.

Ratio of the phase VTs.

Ratio of the neutral VT.

Ratio of phase CTs.

Ratio of transformer neutral CT.

50DT SPLIT-PHASE OPERATEdisable enable

PULSE RELAYo8 o7 o6 o5 o4 o3 o2 o1

RELAY SEAL-IN TIME OUT1________ Cycles

ACTIVE INPUT OPEN/closeI6 i5 i4 i3 i2 i1

V.T. PHASE RATIO________ : 1

V.T. NEUTRAL RATIO________ :1

C.T. PHASE RATIO________ : 1

C.T. NEUTRAL RATIO________ : 1

Application 2

25

2.2 System Diagrams

50DT

Utility System

52Unit

52Gen

50BFPh

87

5050/2740 51T 4651V60FL 21 78 32

27

81R 81 27 59 24

64F 64B

M-3921+

-

CT

VT

CT

M-3425

87GD 50N

50BFN 51N

R

CTVT

59N27TN

27

32

R

M-3425 M-3425







M-3425 TypicalConnection Diagram

Figure 2-1 One-Line Functional Diagram


26

50DT

Utility System

52Unit

52Gen

5050/2740 51T 4651V60FL 21 78 32

27

81R 81 27 59 24

64F 64B

M-3921+

-

CT

VT

CT

M-3425

50N 51N

R

CTVT

59N27TN

27

32

R

M-3425 M-3425







M-3425 TypicalConnection Diagram(Configured for Split-Phase Differential)

Figure 2-2 Alternative One-Line Functional Diagram

Application 2

27

Figure 2-3 Three-Line Connection Diagram

Example of Control / Output Connections

+

-

61 11 1060

16 15

52b 60FL

POWERSUPPLY

SELF-TESTFAILUREALARM

+

-

DC: 24 V 48 V

EXTERNAL INPUTS ALARM OUTPUTS CONTROLOUTPUTS

TRIPALARM

12 13

POWEROK

STATUSALARM

VT FUSE LOSS

TRIP

52G

TRIP OUTPUT

OSCILLOGRAPHRECORDERINITIATE

BREAKERFAILUREINITIATE

M-3425

ORDC: 110 V 125 V 220 V 250 VAC: 110 V 120 V 230 V 240 V

6263

UTILITY SYSTEM

ABC

48 49

46 47

OtherRelays M-3425

50 51

Generator

OtherRelays

52Gen

A B CThree VT Wye-Wye

Connection

4041

3839

4243

M-3

425

OR

OR

45

44

High Impedance Grounding

M-3425

58 59

56 57

54 55

M-3425

57 56

55 54

M-3425

59 58

57 56

55 54

M-3425

59 58

OR OR

M-34255352

A B C

A B C A B CA B C

M-3921Field Ground

CouplerModule

10

1152b

M-3425

OR

Low Impedance Grounding

M-3

42542

43

4041

3839

Two VT Open-DeltaConnectionA B C

4041

3839

4243

M-3

425

Three VT Wye-WyeConnection -UngroundedA B C


28

2.3 Setpoints and Time Settings

The individual protective functions, along with theirmagnitude and timing settings are described in thefollowing pages. Settings for disabled functions donot apply. Some menu and setting screens do notappear for functions that are disabled or not purchased.Screens shown in the following examples are asthey would appear on units equipped with the M-3931HMI. The same setting may be entered remotely viaM-3820A IPScom Communications Software.

21 Phase Distance ............................................................................................................ 29

24 Volts/Hz ...................................................................................................................... 21227 RMS Undervoltage, 3 Phase ...................................................................................... 21527TN Third Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral .................................................................... 21632 Directional Power, 3 Phase ........................................................................................ 218

40 Loss of Field .............................................................................................................. 220

46 Negative Sequence Overcurrent ................................................................................ 22350/50N Instantaneous Overcurrent, Phase and Neutral Circuits ...................................... 22550BF Breaker Failure/HV Breaker Flashover ................................................................... 22650DT Definite Time Overcurrent for split-phase differential .............................................. 22851N Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent ............................................................................. 22951T Inverse Time Positive Sequence Overcurrent for Stator Thermal Protection ............ 23051V Inverse Time Phase Overcurrent with Voltage Control/Restraint .............................. 23250/27 Inadvertent Energization ....................................................................................... 23459 RMS Overvoltage, 3 Phase ....................................................................................... 23659N RMS Overvoltage, Neutral Circuit or Zero Sequence ............................................... 23760FL Fuse Loss ............................................................................................................... 238

64B Brush Lift-Off Detection ............................................................................................ 23964F Field Ground Protection ............................................................................................ 24178 Out of Step ................................................................................................................. 24381 Frequency .................................................................................................................. 24581R Rate of Change of Frequency ................................................................................... 24787GD Ground Differential ................................................................................................ 24887 Phase Differential ....................................................................................................... 249

EXT External Functions .................................................................................................. 250

Application 2

29

21 Phase DistanceThe phase distance function (21) is designed forsystem phase fault backup protection and isimplemented as a two-zone mho characteristic.Three separate distance elements are used to detectAB, BC, and CA fault types. The ranges andincrements are shown in Table 2-1. The diameter,offset, system impedance angle (relay characteristicangle), and definite time delay need to be selectedfor each zone for coordination with the systemrelaying in the specific application.

When the generator is connected to the systemthrough a delta/wye transformer, proper voltagesand currents (equivalent to the high side of thetransform

beckwith m 3425 a

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