bdm group1

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BUSINESS DECISION MAKING October 1, 2010

BM/C/31 1

1.0Introduction to the organizationICBT Campus is the education arm of Ceylinco consolidated is also a BOI approved

project formed with a vision of Dr. DeshamanyaLalithKothalawala, Chairman

Ceylinco Consolidated to conduct internationally recognized educational programs at

a high standard for an affordable investment in association with world class

universities and educational institutes.ICBT Campus is the fastest growing private

sector educational institution with high-class standard of education, faculty, facilities

and resources.

International College of Business and Technology Ltd. Set up in 2000, this is one of

the leading tertiary education providers in Sri Lanka with the largest number of

students in the private sector higher education category. Popularly known as ICBTCampus, it delivers Certificate, Diplomas, Pre University programs undergraduate

programs, masters level programs including Doctorate level programs in association

with some of the best Universities and educational service providers in UK, Australia,

Thailand, India and Sweden.

Company Vision:

"To be the leading Higher Education Provider in South Asia."

Company Mission;

Our mission is together with internationally reputed Universities and Educational

Institutes, to provide high quality educational programs, which will enhance the

quality of the human resources available to the job markets at an affordable level,

thereby contributing to the development of economy."

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BM/C/31 2

2.0 Planning process of the survey

Activity

name Details of the activity Proceedings

Allocate

time

A Discussion about the topic for the project - 1

B Discussion about the preparation of the questionnaire A 3C Collection of all the questions B 2

D Organizing the questions B 1

E Finalizing the questionnaire B 1

F Preparing a sample questionnaire E 1

G Printing a sample questionnaire F 1

H Submit the sample questionnaire to the lecturer (Ms. Kalpana) G 1

I Rechecking the printed questionnaire for mistakes and printing them H 3

J Divide the questionnaires equally among the members I 1

K Building up a good strategic plan to distribute the questionnaires J 1

L Distributing the questionnaires among the students and the others K 5

M Collecting all the distributed questionnaires and numbering them K 2N Feeding the data which are included in the questionnaires to the computer M 1

O

Analyze the data which are been included in the computer and analyzingthe data N 3

P Analyzing the conclusions O

Q Including the collected information in the assignment report P 1

R Finalizing the report in an effective manner Q 1

2.0.1 CPA Analysis

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BM/C/31 3

2.1 Implementation of plan

As shown in the implementation plan we started our project on the second week of

September 2010. The discussion of the questions of the project was done on the first

week which didnt take a lot of time, this was done with the whole group getting

together to make sure that the proper questions were made.

We prepared a sample questionnaire on the first half of the second week got it printed

and showed Ms. Kalpana for approval on Friday. The third week was spent for the

distribution and collection of questionnaires.

The final week was spent in analyzing data and making decisions. Finally on Friday

the 1st of October the report was prepared and submitted to the progamme office.

September

1st 2nd 3rd 4th

Discussion & finalizing questions

Preparation & printing of sample questionnaire

Submit the sample questionnaires for approval

Distribution& collection of questionnaires

Analysis of questionnaire

Preparation of final report

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BM/C/31 4

2.2 Objective of the study

The main idea of the project is to make good decision making from effectiveuse of information based on ICBT city campus.

We are intended to gain practical knowledge by carrying out a surveyregarding to seek data as solutions. In order to find solutions, first we

identified the problems and started collecting primary and secondary

information through various sources.

Examine variety of sources to develop techniques and effective usage ofcomputer knowledge to utilize information regarding the survey.

Analyze and produce recommendation and solutions on behalf to overcomethe problem.

2.1.1 Defining the problem

ICBT city campus is trying to develop an in house cafeteria for students, as a

marketing tool to gain more students to the institute. This cafeteria will be a student

oriented place where students can spend their leisure time.

The idea for a in house cafeteria aroused to the management because of the complains

made by students saying that the canteen which is situated now has less space to

accommodate students and has a expensive price for food.

To solve the above problem the management requires a few questions answered such

as

1.Food requirements of students2.Entertaining requirements of students

To get the answers to the above questions we are given a task of conducting a survey

to get data for decision making. A time period of one month is given to finish the

survey. The survey mainly focuses on the students of ICBT city campus who are

studying in the Business management section as well as the IT section.

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BM/C/31 5

The first problem is an essential thing for students because they cant survive without

food. The key difficulty in this question is on selecting the right kind of food. Food

can be categorized into various categories such as formal food (breakfast, lunch),

snacks, deserts & so on. So to get the right answer the question asked to solve this

problem must be effective.

The second question is about solving the entertainment requirements of the students.

In this modern world students are addicted to various technological gadgets such as

ipods, PSP, mobile phones and the list goes on and on. The key difficulty in this

question is on selecting the right kind of entertainment. So to get the correct answer

the question must be categorized to various forms of entertainment such as music,

gaming, chatting, etc

2.1.2 Defining population

ICBT city campus approximately has 500 to 600 students currently studying in the

campus which includes full time and part time students who study in the IT section

and the Business management section. But for this survey, the full time students who

study in the IT and Business management will be selected as the population. The

population contains both boys and girls studying in both sections.

2.1.3 Sampling method

The sampling method used in this survey will be probability sampling multi stage

method because the population is already divided into batches which contains eight IT

batches and eight BM batches for the full time students, from this four BM batches

and Two IT batches will be selected as a first stage sample. To get the six first stage

samples the section and the batch number are written on a paper put in a bowl and

selected randomly.

For the second stage three boys and two girls will be selected from each batch

randomly by convenience sampling where the interviewer will interview the

interviewees to his convenience.

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Finally, Five (Three boys and two girls) from each batch from six batches which will

be thirty students will be the sample size. Since this is all randomly selected there will

be no sample frame.

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BM/C/31 7

2.3 Design and justification of the questionnaire

Batch number and section:

Gender : Male/Female

Q1. What do you think about the current prices of food at the canteen?

1.Expensive 2. Neither cheap/expensive 3. Cheap

Q2. If Expensive what is the price range would you prefer buying the food? (Rs)

Q3. What type of food do you expect from a canteen? (Rate your choice from a scale

of 1- 5)

Breakfast & Lunch

Snacks

Fast food

Baked food

Salads & deserts

Q4. What is your favorite kind of food? (Be specific ex: vanilla ice cream, Chocolate

cake)

.

Q5. In an in house cafeteria do you think entertainment is a necessity?

Yes No

Q6. If your answer is Yes to the above question what type of entertainment do you

expect?

(Rate your choice from a scale of 1- 5)

Music .

Internet .

T.V .....

Arcade games .

Q7. How do you think an in house cafeteria at ICBT city campus will be of benefit

to thestudents? Please explain your answer

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....

ThankYou foryourvaluable time that you took foransweringourquestionnaire

Justification of the design of the questionnaire

yQuestions have been minimized to seven to make the questionnaire as small aspossible

yQuestions are arranged in a proper logical manneryThe length of the questions are kept short and easy to understandyNo questions which consist of race, religion, politics or any other

embarrassing words are used in the questions

yAll instructions on how to answer the questions are providedyClarification of questions are provided by a footnote

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B E E

B / / 9

l i

i T i

i i i - llExpensi e 11Neit er cheap/expensi e 21Cheap 08

expensi e27%

neithercheap/expensi e

53%

cheap

20%

Pri opi ion Mal Female Total No of

students

Expensi e 05 06 11

Neither cheap/expensi e 07 14 21

Cheap 02 06 08

Total No of students 14 26 40

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B NE DE N MAKING October 1, 2010

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Price opinion - Male

Mode

Mode = Neither cheap/expensi e (07), becausethe mode is an average which

indicates the most frequentl occurring value; that value is 7 . Therefore mode is

Neither cheap/expensi e

Price opinion Male

Expensive 05

Neither cheap/expensive 07

Cheap 02

Total 14

Expensive

36%

Neither

cheap/expensiv

e

50%

Cheap

14%

Male

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Price opinion Frequency

(No of Male)

Cumulative

frequency

Expensive 05 05

Neither cheap/expensive 07 12

Cheap 02 14

Total 14

The 8th item is the median,

And the 8th item comes under the Neither cheap/expensive

Therefore median is Neither cheap/expensive .

Mean

These datas come under ungrouped and these also havent the value of x, therefore

we decided to number them in order to 1, 2, 3.

Price opinion Value

x

Frequency f

(No of Male)

fx

Expensive 1 05 05

Neither cheap/expensive 2 07 14

Cheap 3 02 06

Total 6 f = 14 fx = 25

= th

= (14+1)/2

= 7.5

8th

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B INE DE ISION MAKING October 1, 2010

BM/ / 1 12

Here we cant give the mean in fraction or decimals, because here we considering

students of ICBT . Quantit of students comes under Discrete value. Therefore

mean value is 2.

Price opinion - Female

Price opinion Female

Expensive 06


Cheap 06

Total 26

Expensive

23%

Neither

cheap/expensive

54%

Cheap

23%

Female

= 25/14

= 1.7857

2

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Mode

Mode = Neither cheap/expensive (14), because the mode is an average which

indicates the most frequently occurring vale; that value is 14. Therefore mode is

Neither cheap/expensive

Median

Price opinion Frequency f

(No of Female)

Cumulative

frequency

Expensive 06 06


Cheap 06 26

Total 26

The 14th item is the median,

And the 14th item comes under the Neither cheap/expensive


= th

= (26+1)/2

= 13.5

14th

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BM/C/31 14

Mean



Price opinion Value

x

Frequency f

(No of Female)

fx

Expensive 1 06 06


Cheap 3 06 18

Total 6 f = 26 fx = 52

Here we got the mean value is 2.

= 52/26

= 2

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B SINESS DE ISION MAKING October 1, 2010

BM/ / 1 15

Comparison of both Male & Female

Price opinion Male Female

Expensive 05 06


Cheap 02 06

Total 14 26

Here we are going to calculate Mode, Median, Mean according to the total number of

students.

0

2

6

8

10

12

1

16

Expensive Neither

cheap/expensive

Cheap

No of

students

Price opinion

Male

Female

Price opinion Total No of

students

Expensive 11


Cheap 08

Total No of students 40

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Mode

Mode = Neither cheap/expensive (21), because the mode is an average which

indicates the most frequently occurring vale; that value is 21. Therefore mode is

Neither cheap/expensive

Median

Price opinion Total No of

students

Cumulative

frequency

Expensive 11 11


Cheap 08 40


The 21stitem is the median,

And the 21st item comes under the Neither cheap/expensive


= th

= (40+1)/2

= 20.5

21st

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Mean



Price opinion Value

x

Frequency f

(No of students)

fx

Expensive 1 11 11


Cheap 3 08 24

Total 6 f = 40 fx = 77

Here we cant give the mean in fraction or decimals, because here we considering

students of ICBT. Quantity of students comes under Discrete value. Therefore

mean value is 2.

Measure of Dispersion

01. Range

Range = 21-08

=

Range = highest value lowest value

= 77/40

= 1.925

2

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BM/C/31 18

02. Quartiles

= th quartile

11th is Expensive; therefore lower quartile is also Expensive.

21st is cheap/expensive; therefore middle quartile also neither cheap /expensive.

31st is also cheap/expensive; therefore upper quartile also cheap/expensive

Inter Quartile Range ( IQR) =

= (40+1)/4

= 10.25

11th

= (40+1)/2

= 20.5

21st

= 3 (40+1)/4

= 30.75

31st

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03. Mean Deviation / Average Deviation

yHere mean is 2, and this is ungrouped data. Therefore we calculate the meandeviation by using above equation.

Price

opinion

Value

x

Frequency f

(No of students)

fx Expensive 1 11 11 1 1 11

Neither

cheap/expensive

2 21 42 0 0 0

Cheap 3 08 24 1 1 08

Total 6 40 77 2 2 19

04. Variance

=2/40

=

=19/40

=

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05. Standard Deviation

Coefficient of Variance (C of V)

=0.689

0.7

=0.7/2

=0.35

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B SINESS DECISION MAKING October 1, 2010

BM/C/ 1 21

Question 02: Preferred price range for buying food.

Rs.(Price Range) No of Male No of Female Total no of

students

0- 20 0 0 0

21-40 02 03 05

41-60 05 12 17

61- 80 07 04 11

81-100 05 02 07

Total no of

students

19 21 40

Overall Students

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0- 20 21-40 41-60 61- 80 81-100

Totalno of students

Total noofstudents

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Male

Price Range Mid point (x) No Of Male (f) (fx)

0 20 10 00 00

21 40 30 02 60

41- 60 50 05 250

61 80 70 07 490

81 100 90 05 450

x= 250 f = 19 fx = 1250

Mean

= 1250/19

= 65.789

66.

Median

Price Range No of male Cumulative Frequency

0 20 00 00

21- 40 02 02

41 60 05 07

61 80 07 14

81 - 100 05 19

f = 19

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= 19 + 1 / 2

= 10th.

Median is comes under the class interval of 61- 80.Because this is grouped data.Therefore we have to find midpoint of particular class interval. That is as follows,

Median = 61 + 80 / 2

70

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Mode

Price Range No of male

0 -20 00

21- 40 02

41- 60 05

61 -80 07

81 -100 05

The mode is between 61 80 class intervals. According to the theory graph method is

easy to find the mode.

Rs.70 is the mode of male.

0

12

3

4

5

7

8

0-20 21- 40 41- 0 1-80 81-100

Chart Title

0-20

21- 40

41- 0

1-80

81-100

70

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Female

Price Range Mid Point (x) No of Female (f) fx

0 -20 10 00 00

21- 40 30 03 90

41- 60 50 12 600

61 80 70 04 280

81 100 90 02 180

Total f 21 fx 1150

Mean

=1150 /21

=54.76

55.

Median

= (21 + 1/2)

= 11th.

Price Range No of Female Cumulative Frequency

0 20 00 00

21- 40 03 03

41 60 12 15

61 80 04 19

81 - 100 02 21

Total f = 21

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BM/C/ 1 26

Median is in between 41 60 class intervals. Median is comes underthe class interval

of 41- 60.Because this is grouped data. Therefore we have to find midpoint of

particular class interval. Thatis as follows,

Mode

Price Range No of Female

0 -20 00

21- 40 03

41- 60 12

61 -80 04

81 -100 02

The mode is fallen between 41 60 class intervals.

Rupees 51 is the mode of female.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

0-20 21- 40 41- 60 61-80 81-100

Series1

Median = (41 + 60) / 2

50

51

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Female and Male Comparison

Suitable Table 01

Price Range Midpoint (x) No of Students (f) fx

0-20 10 00 00

21-40 30 05 150

41- 60 50 17 850

61-80 70 11 770

81-100 90 07 630

f=40 fx=2400

Mean

=2400 / 40

= 60

0

2

6

8

0

2

0-20 2

-

0

- 60 6

-80 8

-

00

Noofmale

Noof emale

Price Range

Noof

Students

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Median

= 41 / 2

= 21st.

Median is in between 41 60 class intervals. Median is comes under the class interval

of 41- 60.Because this is grouped data. Therefore we have to find midpoint of

particular class interval. That is as follows,

(41+60)/2 50

21st frequency falls under the class intervals 41 60.

Price Range No of students Cumulative No of

Students.

0 20 00 00

21 40 05 05

41 60 17 22

61 80 11 33

81 100 07 40

f = 40

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Mode

Price Range No of students

0 20 00

21 40 05

41 60 17

61 80 11

81 100 07

No of students 40

The mode is between 41 60 class intervals.

Rupees 52 is the mode of all students . This overall mode is very near to the Female.

According to this females are more affecting to the In House Cafetaria.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

0 20 21 40 41 60 61 80 81 100

Noof

St

ents

i e Range

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Measure of Dispersons

01. Range

Price range No of students

0 20 00

21 40 05

41 60 17

61 80 11

81- 100 07

Total no of Students f=40

0 is the lowest class limit value of lowest class interval Actually class limit for 0

20 class interval is (-0.5). But Rupees never takes a minus value. Therefore we had

chosen 0 for as the lowest class limit value.

100.5 is the greatest class limit value of highest class interval.

Range = (100.5 0)

= 100.5

101

02. Quartiles

Price Range No of Students Cumulative no Students

0 -20 00 00

21 40 05 05

41 60 17 22

61 80 11 33

81 100 07 40

40

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Lower Quartile

= 41 + 2 (10 05)/ 17

= 41 + 10 / 17

=41.588

= Rs. 42

Middle Quartile

=41 + 2 (21 05)/ 17

= 41 + 32 / 17

=42.88= Rs.43

Upper Quartile

Inter Quartile Range (IQR)

IQR = Q3 Q1

= 43 42

= 01.

= 41 + 2(31- 22)/11

= 41 + 18 / 11

42.63

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03. Mean Deviation / Average deviation

Here we are going to use ungrouped data method.

Price

Range

Mid

Point

(x)

No of

Students

(f)

fx (x x) f(x

x)

(x x)2 f(x

x)2

0 -20 10 00 00 50 00 2500 0

21- 40 30 05 150 30 150 900 4500

41 -60 50 17 850 10 170 100 1700

61- 80 70 11 770 10 110 100 1100

81 100 90 07 630 30 210 900 6300

Total f=40 fx=2400 640 13600

From that f=40 and fx=2400 we can find calculate the x again.

= 2400 / 40

= 60.

04. Variance (S2)

=13600 / 60

= 226.6

227.

= 640 / 40

= 16.

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= = 15.05

15.

Coefficient of Variance

Coefficient of Variance = Standard Deviation / Mean

= 15 / 60

= 0.25

Skewness

Mode < Mean = +

Mode > Mean = (-)

In this Scenario (+) skewness is available. Mode is 52 and Mean is 60.

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According to Male

Mode

Opinion Male

No Answer 01

No Benefit 04

Benefit 13

Total No of Students 18

Mode = Benefit (13)

Median

Opinion Male Cumulative frequency

No Answer 01 01

No Benefit 04 05

Benefit 13 18


Mean

Opinion Value x No of Male f fx No Answer 1 01 01

No Benefit 2 04 08

Benefit 3 13 39

Total No of Students 18 48

= (18+1)/2

=9.5

10th

= Benefit

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Median

Description No of Students Cumulative frequency

Salads and Deserts 03 03

Breakfast and Lunch 07 10

Snacks 09 19

Fast Food 10 29

Baked Food 11 40


Mean

Description Value (x) No of

Students (f)

(fx) Salads and Deserts 1 03 03 2.5 6.25 18.75

Breakfast & Lunch 2 07 14 1.5 2.25 15.75

Snacks 3 09 27 0.5 0.25 2.25

Fast Food 4 10 40 0.5 0.25 2.50

Baked Food 5 11 55 1.5 2.25 24.75

Total 40 139 6.5 11.25 64

= (40+1)/2

=20.5

21st

= Fast Food

=139/40

=3.475

3.5

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Measures of Dispersions

01. Range

Range = (55 - 3)

= 52

02. Quartiles

Description No of Students Cumulative frequency



Snacks 09 19

Fast Food 10 29

Baked Food 11 40


11th is Snacks; therefore lower quartile is Snacks

21st is Fast Food; therefore middle quartile is Fast Food.

= (40+1)/4

= 10.25

11th

= (40+1)/2

= 20.5

21st

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31st is Baked Food; therefore middle quartile is Baked Food.

03. Mean Deviation

04. Variance


= 3 (40+1)/4

= 30.75

31st

= 6.5/40

=

=64/40

=

=1.265

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Mean

Description Value (x) No of Male (fx)

Salads and Deserts 1 04 4

Breakfast and Lunch 2 05 10

Snacks 3 07 21Fast Food 4 06 24

Baked Food 5 02 10

Total 24 65

Female

Description No of Female Cumulative frequency



Snacks 03 10

Fast Food 05 15

Baked Food 01 16

Total 16

Mode = Fast Food (05)

=65/24

=2.708

2.71

= (16+1)/2

=8.5

9th

= Snacks

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Mean

Description Value (x) No of Female (fx)

Salads and Deserts 1 03 3

Breakfast and Lunch 2 04 8

Snacks 3 03 9Fast Food 4 05 20

Baked Food 5 01 5

Total 16 45

=45/16

=2.813

2.8

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Overall students opinion

Entertainment

methods

No of Students Cumulative

frequency

TV 03 03

Arcade Games 05 08

Music 07 15

Indoor Games 09 24

Internet 16 40


Mode = internet (08)

Mean

Number these in order to 1, 2, 3.Entertainment

methods

Value

x

No of Students

f

fx

TV 1 03 03

Arcade Games 2 05 10

Music 3 07 21

Indoor Games 4 09 36

Internet 5 16 80

Total No of students 40 150

= (40+1)/2

=21st

= Indoor Games

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21st is Indoor Games; therefore middle quartile is Indoor Games.

31st is also Internet; therefore upper quartile is Internet.

03. Mean Deviation / Average Deviation

Entertainment

methods

Value

x

No of Students

f

fx

TV 1 03 03 3 9 27

Arcade Games 2 05 10 2 4 20

Music 3 07 21 1 1 07

Indoor Games 4 09 36 0 0 00

Internet 5 16 80 1 1 16

Total No of students 40 150 07 70

= (40+1)/2

= 20.5

21st

= 3 (40+1)/4

= 30.75

31st

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Ungrouped data

04. Variance


Coefficient of Variance (C of V)

= 7/40

=

=70/40

=

=1.32

= 1.32/4

=0.33

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Male

After ranked, only considered to male

Entertainment

methods

No of Male

TV 00

Indoor Games 02

Music 03

Arcade Games 04

Internet 08


Mode = Internet (08)

T , 0

Indoor

Games, 2

Music, 3

Arcade

Games, 4

Internet,8

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Median

Entertainment

methods

No of Male Cumulative

frequency

TV 00 00

Indoor Games 02 02

Music 03 05

Arcade Games 04 09

Internet 08 17


Mean

Number these in order to 1, 2, 3.

Entertainment

methods

Value

x

No of Male

f

fx

TV 1 00 00


Music 3 03 09


Internet 5 08 40


= (17+1)/2

=9th

= Arcade Games

=69/17

=4.058

4.1

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Median

Entertainment

methods

Female Cumulative

frequency

Indoor Games 01 01

TV 03 04

Music 04 08

Arcade Games 07 15

Internet 08 23


Mean

Number these in order to 1, 2, 3.

Entertainment

methods

Value

x

No of Female

f

fx


TV 2 03 06

Music 3 04 12


Internet 5 08 40


= (23+1)/2

=12th

= Arcade Games

=87/23

=3.782

3.8

8/7/2019 BDM GROUP1

55/57


BM/C/31 55

Overall comparison

Entertainment

methods

Male Female

TV 00 03

Arcade Games 04 01

Music 03 04

Indoor Games 02 07

Internet 08 08


0

2

3

4

5

!

7

8

9

TV Ar " ad #

Gam # $

% u $ i " Indoor Gam# $

Int # rn # t

No ofStudents

Student's o & inion

mal #

female

8/7/2019 BDM GROUP1

56/57


BM/C/31 56

Correlation and Regression

Spearman rank correlation coefficient (R)

Food item (ranked) Entertainment (ranked) d d2

Salads and Deserts 03 TV 03 0 0Breakfast and Lunch 07 Arcade Games 05 2 4

Snacks 09 Music 07 2 4

Fast Food 10 Indoor Games 09 1 1

Baked Food 11 Internet 16 5 25

Total 40 40 34

n = numbers of pairs of data

d = the difference between the ranking in each set of data

The correlation between the preferred food item and the preferred entertainment form

is negative, but it not even stronger.

= (1 - 1.7)

= (-0.7)

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5.0 Conclusion

After all analysis of gathered information these are the final outcomes of the survey.

yBy the analysis of all students most students think the current price of food atthe canteen is neither cheap nor expensive. So most probably the price of the

food can range from Rs. 40 70.

yBut still many students think that a new in house cafeteria would benefit thestudents because the main problem they are facing with the current canteen is

the less space requirement for them.

yFood requirements still remain the same because most students prefer bakedfood or fast food as their hunger needs. So it is advised that ICBT use more

fast food in sales.

yEntertainment requirement is expected by all the students. The most preferredentertainment form is the internet. All students are eager in having internet

facility because they are now involved in social networking such as Facebook,

Twitter and so on

Finally the conclusion of the whole assignment will be that building a new in house

cafeteria will be a good marketing tool for ICBT city campus.

bdm group1

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