Balance and Proportion

Vitruvian Man (1492) Leonardo da Vinci

Rhythm and MovementPrinciples of design that indicate movement by

the repetition of elements that guide the viewer’s eye through a work of art; creating a look and feeling of action.

Regular rhythm: has identical motifs and the exact same amount of space between them.

Alternating Rhythm: Vary motifs, change spacing, shift motif placement.

Principles of design Review

Principles of design

Balance

Formal/symmetrical Formal balance occurs when equal, or very similar,

elements are placed on opposite sides of a central axis. Your outstretched arms create formal balance.

Principles of design

Balance

Bronwyn McIvorCrystal Ward 2005

Informal/asymmetrical Informal balance involves a balance of unlike

objects. The weight added to your hand required you to use

informal balance to maintain your balance.

Principles of design

Balance

NMilare Lois Knight

Proportion Proportion is the principle of art concerned

with the size relationship of one part to another.

Principles of design

Proportion

Principles of design

Proportion Scale refers to

size measured against a standard reference. Human proportion

The head is the standard reference that defines human proportion. The average adult

is 7 1/2 heads tall.

Principles of design

Proportion

Foreshortening To shorten an

object to make it look as if it extends backward in space.

Principles of design

Proportion

Exaggeration & distortion Deviations from

expected, normal proportions. A technique use in caricature drawing.

How artist use design principles of

balance Size: Large forms appear heavier than small

forms. Several small forms can balance one large

form.

How artist use design principles of

balance Contour: Complex contour lines appear heavier

than simple contour lines. A small complex object can balance a

large simple object.

How artist use design principles of

balance Value: The stronger the

contrast in value between an object and the background, the more visual weight the object has.

How artist use design principles

Texture: A ruff texture has

an uneven pattern of light highlights and dark, uneven shadows. For this reason a ruff surface attracts a viewers eye more easily than smooth, even surface

How artist use design principles of

balance Position: Like balancing an object, the weight needs

to be the same on each side of the central axis. A large object close to the central axis of a work

can be balanced with a smaller object placed far from the central axis.

How artist use design principles of

proportion

Artists use correct proportions to create illusions of reality.

1623 "David"--Bernini, Gianlorenzo (1598-1680)

How artist use design principles of

proportion

Exaggeration and distortion is use to express feelings and moods that can be easily understood be viewers.