bacterial populations as multicellular organisms kathy lee
TRANSCRIPT
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Bacterial Populations as Multicellular Organisms
Kathy Lee
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INTRODUCTION
•1998 … Scientific American – “Bacteria as Multicellular Organisms”
•Multicellularity- only considered a specialized adaptive strategy
•Today
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CORE CONCEPTS OF BACTERIAL MULTICELLULARITY
1.Communication and
decision-making capabilities 2.Examples of communication
and behaviors3.Derive adaptive benefits
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INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION
•Diverse Classes of Signal Molecules –AHL signaling–Oligopeptides
•Differences between AHL signaling and Oligopeptides
•Not all the small diffusible molecules are signals
•Highly diversified chemical structures
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Signal Response Systems: Interpreting Chemical Messages in an Informationally Rich Environment•Each cell can make an appropriate
decision and adjust its activity•Myxobacteria and Bacillus – two
good examples of complex signal-processing networks
•Complexities will prove to be typical
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COORDINATED MULTICELLULAR BEHAVIORS – A GENERAL BACTERIAL TRAIT
•Bacteria differentiate biochemically and morphologically and their interactions
•Colony development and collective motility phenomena in bacteria
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–E.coli Colony Development•Cell-cell interactions occur after the first cell division
–B. subtilis Colony Development –Proteus and Serratia Swarming
•“Swarming” is the process of rapid migration over a surface
–Granule Development in Anaerobic Bioreactors •Microbial Consortia
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ADAPTIVE BENEFITS FROM MULTICELLULAR COOPERATION
•More efficient proliferation from cellular division
•Access to resources and niches that require a critical mass and cannot effectively be utilized by isolated cells
•Collective defense against antagonists that eliminate isolated cells
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Optimization of population survival by differentiation into distinct cell types
•Sporulation and Formation of Dormant Cells
•Exchange of Genetic Information
•Mutation
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CONCLUSION
•Bacterial multicellularity deepens our appreciation of the information-processing capabilities of individual bacterial cells.