bab 4 stts
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
1/29
1
CHAPTER 4
LINES WITH REFLECTIONS
4.1. V E F AC S S.
I S. 2.2
E =(4.1)
I =
(4.2)
W A ,
. T , , :
= =
W
; ,
:
= +
T , E. (4.1) (4.2)
2 . T, =
2R
T
/, S. 2.4. S,
. T
, . I ,
.I S. 1.6
. A ,
: . T
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
2/29
2
(4.1) (4.2). T , .W E. (4.1)
.
T . T E = +
(4.3)
I ,
, , , I =
+
(4.4)
C E. (4.1) (4.2)
= (4.5)
= (4.6)
T . H, , 180 . W . P, E.
(4.6) S. 1.5 F. 1.7:
,
.
N, (4.1) (4.2). T , . T
( . 4.1): ; ; , , . O ( = . 4.1).
T , E = I = =0 . (4.1) (4.2).
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
3/29
3
S , = =
E =
(4.7)
I =
(4.8)
I
. F , . (4.1) (4.2) E = I = = . , , = =
S E. (4.1) (4.2) = ,
E =
(4.9)
A
E =
(4.10)
T , . 4.1.
T , , E = = 0 = = , .
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
4/29
4
I ,
( ) , ( ). O (4.5) (4.6) .
T
. . (4.9)
==
=
(4.11)
T , , . A
==
(4.12)
T . 1.6 . T
(4.11) (4.12): = =
(4.13)
I . (4.10)
, .., ,
= = (4.14)
T E I
. D . (4.9) (4.10),
=
(4.15)
A = 0 , , . , , = .
T
. U . (4.9) E =
= ,
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
5/29
5
12 4.16
T .
(4.10)
2
(4.17)
I ,
sin W ( = ), . 2.3, . F,
(4.15) = , = . T (4.7) (4.8) E = . = , (4.17)
.A . 4.1,
. F ,
. 4.2. , . (4.15) = , , , . T (4.7) (4.8) , (4.16) (4.17)
.
E. G 100 , = 685 92 , =0.00497 /, = 0.0352 / 1,000 . T = 2,000 +
0 . T 10 700
. F , , , ,
, , .
F , = 3.52 = 202. T, .. ./2021.64 cos202 sin 202
1.520.615
./
202= 0.566 + 0.229
U . (4.15),
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
6/29
6
68592 2,68592 1,315922,68592 1,31592691/7.65) ,/../. 919/20.7
861 325 A
. 5, , ,
.
T . 4.2.
,
||
10
700861325
101596 6.26 10 T
|| ||. || 6.26 10 919 5.75 T ||,
. T,
6.26 10 861 33.8 10T . (4.7) (4.8).
(4.16) (4.17).
,
6.26 10|| 3,8102 691I . T,
|| 2.28 T 2000 ,
|| 4.56 , 10.4 4.2. S , , .
T E I , , = = . (4.1) (4.2). H, . 1.6
. I . S
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
7/29
7
,
.
W , . T,
/ . T , ,
(4.18)A , .
(1.25) (4.12):
(4.19)
A . T
, (4.18) =
, , = . T
(4.20)
T = 0
(4.21)
T ;, , :
(4.22)
C , , .
T . T
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
8/29
8
1
T 1 + + + , 1/(1 ) < 1. T,
1 (4.23)
T ,
. T
, , . T + , , . T / . (4.11) , . T , . I
= ( ) /( ), . A . (4.23),
( . 14 . 2).
I . (4.23)
, ,
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
9/29
9
1 (4.24)
T . (4.24) .(4.5) (4.6): .T
1 (4.25)
T .
4.3. H .
I
, .
E
c o s s i n (4.26)
c o s s i n A , :
(4.27)
A , ,
. 4.3.
T , ,
2A/, A . 4.3.I
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
10/29
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
11/29
11
sinhcosh coshsinh (4.31)
ta
F, . F
,
(4.32)
(4.33)
(4.34)
C . (4.27) (4.28)
, ,
(4.35)
,
(4.36)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
12/29
12
F = , (4.28) ,
= , = (4.33)
(4.34), (4.35).
sinh sinh cosh j cosh sinh
(4.37)
cosh cosh cosh j sinh sinh 4.4. H F S.
T
. T . H,
,
,
2.
E (4.7) (4.8)
2 2
2
S A.E. K. T C H C F, H U P,C, M., 1927; , C A C H C F, H U
P, C, M, 1924.
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
13/29
13
2 2
T ,
, = + . H,
cosh sinh (4.38)
I cosh sinh (4.39) .
S, . (4.9) (4.10)
cosh sinh (4.40)
I cosh sinh (4.41) .
T E I.
tanh tanhW , , .
T (4.16)
cosh sinh(4.43)
T (4.17):
cosh sinh(4.44)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
14/29
14
T , . T (4.37)
.
E. C . 4.1,
:
100 1,000 685 92
0.00497 0.0352 2,000 0
10
700 0 F , ,
, .
F, . M . (4.37), = (0.497 + 3.52) = 0.497 3.52 + 0.497 3.52 , 3.52
202,
sinh 0.518 0.927 1.126 0.375
0.4800.422A, (4.37)
coshcosh0.497cos3.52sinh0.497sin3.52 1.126 0.9270.518 0.375 1.0420.194
W
tanh sinhcosh 0.4800.4221.0420.1940.5230.311
T . (4.42), = . ,
68592 2,000 685920.5230.31168592 2,0000.5230.311
859325
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
15/29
15
T
(861 325 ).
T
|| 10|700859325| 6.26 10T . (4.44):
6.26 10|| 1.0420.194 2,000685920.4800.422
|| 2.27 10T
|| ||. || 2.27 10 2,000 4.54
4.5. I S P.
T
. I . 2 ,
,
. H, ,
. T
,
T . 4.6 4.8
; ..,
. T
; .., , ,
. F 4.6
. B ;
, , ,
. T
, .
O , .F 4.7
. O ,
. F,
, ,
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
16/29
16
( ). T . T
. T . A
180 . A ,
. T
.
F 4.8
. T ,
, . 4.7, 2. W , ,
.
T
. 4.6 4.8 . A
. T
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
17/29
17
. 4.9.
, ( .
4.12):
T
. T , , . T . 4.9 = 0.6 /45, : =1.251.66
T .
F . (4.5),
T, .
I . 4.9 10, . I
T (4.6),
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
18/29
18
T + , .
T . A
,
360 . I ,
, ,
,
T . 4.9 =/8 = /4, 0.4
, 3.47 . T
.
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
19/29
19
T
. 4.9. S E I ,
. I ,
|| ||(4.45)
W = = ( .10).R . 4.9,
; , , , : = (1.25 1.66) = /S /4
. F
, , . T
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
20/29
20
. B ,
.4.6 T C D.
I , . 4.13. T
. 4.9 : (1)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
21/29
21
T E ( I)
. , 0 ( ). I ,
, = 1, . B ,
. I
:
1 2 cos2
4.46 . T .
4.7 M C L.
A
.
T
: , .
T (4.42) = . T,
,
tanh
(4.47)
,
tanh(4.48)
I
(4.49)
T ; ,
,
. T , , 0. T, (4.37),
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
22/29
22
sin, cos, tan. T :
tan(4.50)
tan(4.51)
I , /2 ; . T . O , , . I ,
, 1/tan. T . I , ,
.
I . (4.47) . (4.48), :
tanh (4.52)
(4.53)
T (4.53). A
12 log 1 1 (4.54)
:
2 (4.55)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
23/29
23
W A , , . S ,
. T ; , ,
.
I .
T R, L, G, C
. F 1 . U (4.47) , ,
(4.56)
T
.
S, (4.48) , ,
1 (4.57)
A, ,
, .
T , , .
4.8. E F N
I
. W
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
24/29
24
,
; ,
. A . I ,
,
. W , ,
T .
F 4.14 T , , . S
,
. W
. T
,
.
I ,
(4.58)
(4.59)
T , . (4.39) = .
(4.41) = . T,
cosh sinh(4.60)
cosh sinh (4.61)
T (4.58) (4.59) . T
coth (4.62)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
25/29
25
coth (4.63)B . (4.58) (4.59),
(4.64)
coth (4.65)E (4.64) (4.65) cosh1 /sinhtanh/2, :
tanh (4.66)
R . 4.14 . (4.64) (4.66), .
4.15. I
, .
T T
T , , . T
. 4.16.
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
26/29
26
2 (4.67)
1 (4.68)
T . 4.17.
, . 1
( . 1,3). A 60
. A
, , , , . I ,
. A
,
. I
,
.
4.9. I R I L.
Q
( ) ,
. C . 4.18 ,
, . O , . 4.18, . W
(4.69)
S ,
,
. T , ,
(4.69).
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
27/29
27
T
, ..,
(4.70)
20
R . 4.18,
4.71
T .
(4.24) = 0. T
1 1 (4.72)
(4.73)
(4.74)
D (4.71) (4.72),
,
1 1
(4.75)
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
28/29
28
T
, . S .(4.73) . (4.74) ,
1 1
1 1
U ,
. (4.75) 1/1 ,
11 1 (4.76)
T . F,
,
, .., T (4.76)
R
T (1.77), , ,
1 1 (4.78)
T
8.686 201 201 (4.79)
T . I , 8.686.
-
8/13/2019 Bab 4 stts
29/29