axminster carpet
TRANSCRIPT
By:- Hemant GhanGhor & Patanjal Kumar
carpet
Woven carpet Tufted carpet
Non woven carpet
Adhesive Bonded Carpet (I-tuft & U-tuft)
Needle Punched carpet
Electrostatically Flocked Carpet
Hand tufted •Cut pile•Loop pile
Machine tufted•Cut pile •Loop pile
HandWoven•Hand knotted •Tibbetan•Hand loom woven
Machine woven
Face to Face •Single rapier•Double rapier•Triple rapier
Axminster carpet•Spool Axminster•Spool Gripper•Chenille •Jacquard Gripper
Wire loom carpet
2--shot electronic jacquard (modern)
3-shot jacquard gripper(conventional)
Brussels weaving (for loop pile)
Wilton weaving (for cut pile)•Single frame•Multi frame
Introduction
• In this weaving of carpet the backing is woven at the same time as pile is inserted so that no major secondary backing process is required
• Originally produced in the English town Axminster
Advantages • Durable carpets • Good quality backing • Simplicity of mechanism• High proportion of effective pile• Unlimited possibilities of color and design• Modern m/c made carpets retained a hand made look• Pattern of texture as well as colors can be produced
with possibility of using pile yarns if different count and twist levels
Yarns used in Axminster carpets
Axminster carpet
Pile yarn•Traditionally wool fibre is used due to ease of cutting•100% wool •80% wool + 20% nylon
Chain warps• Chain warp and weft interlaced to form basic backing of the fabric
• PP• Nylon• PET etc.
Stuffer warp•Lies straight between the weft shots •To provide dimensional stability to carpet in warp direction•Fills the space between the pair of chain warps•Jute , Cotton , PP etc.
Shots (Weft)•Provide dimensional stability in cross direction•E.g Jute etc.
Identification of Axminster carpets
• The pile tufts are anchored by stiff weft shot across the width of carpet
• These shots creates an easily identifiable heavy ridged backing
• These stiff ridged allow the carpet to be rolled only in length wise direction
Types of Axminster carpet
Depending upon principle of loom three different techniques for weaving axminster carpets are :
1.Spool2.Spool Gripper 3.Gripper Jacquard
Spool literally means a cylindrical device on which threads can be wound.
Spool setting: Spools are prepared
The colored yarns are wound onto the spools in the order in which they are to appear in a row across the carpet.
•Firstly the yarn packages are kept on a table in the sequence in which they are to appear in a particular row of the carpet.
•The yarns pass through the reed, and a measured amount is wound onto a spools wound onto a spool
Spool axminster carpets
•The spools are attached to an endless chain.
•The spool required for a particular row of the carpet design is detached from the chain and taken to the wvg. position.
•And the carpet is woven.
Spool Axminster Carpet
weaving
Spool Axminster Loom
Chain wheels and detachable spools
Warp thread
shuttle
sley
Spool feeding tuft into weaving position
Finished Carpet
Knives
Comb folds tuft round shot (weft)
Spool Axminster CarpetProcess of Manufacture
• It is the development of spool axminster system.
• The spools are held by a fret (frame) which are suspended by a chain above the loom.
• The chain brings the frames of spools to the wvg position ready for selection by the grippers.
• The gripper comes ,withdraws the yarn end and move back to the wvg. Position.
• And the cycle continues.
Spool Gripper
Spool Gripper Process of
manufacture :(A) Spool setting
• Essential step which is carried out before the start of weaving process
• Involves the preparation of spools by winding a parallel assembly of pile yarns , with colors in the sequence required in a row of tufts of the carpet to be prepared
• Each individual spool is represented a different row in the design• Spools are fitted onto chain and are transported close to the wvg.
Position • Tuft length are drawn from them by the grippers
(B) Weaving
Ground weave
Pile formation
Same as jacquard gripper looms
Note :- Arc of travel of the grippers is much shorter than in traditional gripper looms , instead of 131 degree it is 64 degree (reducing the time of tuft insertion)
Spool Gripper
Gripper JacquardProcess of Manufacture:
A. Ground weave
Three heald frames (two for chain warp and one for stuffer warp)
Shedding: heald frames comes near the point if fabric formation from below at an angle , leaving space foe pile mechanism
Picking : weft is introduced to the shed by rigid rapier Selvedge formation: As rapier is withdrawn the selvedge is formed
Beat up : By sley , reed
Stuffer warp is moved by heald shaft above and below the rapier (lies straight between the weft shot)
Interlacing of chain and wefts
Creates the basic structure of backing
Gripper JacquardProcess of
Manufacture B. Pile Formation
Withdrawal of required length of pile yarns by the grippers
Cutting of piles of a multiple knife system
Rotation of gripper to point of fabric formation
Placing of tuft length vertically in the point of fabric formation
Insertion of double shot of weft
Movement of gripper in upper ward direction
Tipping of the second leg of pile around the weft shotFinally releasing its grip to form a U-tuft
Gripper Jacquard