1 Aviation for People | Mehmet KIR - 2012

Aviation for People People studied carefully birds throughout

centuries,and they designed heavier than a vehichle at the end of 18th century. To started this story with balloons,then it turned back to production of aircrafts.In the course of 19th century, specialists and creators worked on the essential axioms of flight,probing with gliders and graceless steam-forced flying vehicles and quintessence. But it took the interminable endeavor of the Wright brothers,in research and development among 1899 and 1905, to in conclusion work out feasible powered aircraft avigation.

In June 5,1783, the

Montgolfier brothers carried on the incipient communal display of a hot-air balloon,and the following November François Pilatre de Rozier built the first reinforcement raise. The Montgolfier Brothers made the next flight across the crowded including Benjamin Franklin in Paris.Also, they putted a rooster and sheep in the basket.

Ballons were only limited to move on by the wind direction. Eventhough, it was produced many remoted-balloons during 18th century,the first flight with this vehichles was achieved by Alberto Santos Demont who is a Brazilian aviatior.He developed an air vehicle which has piston engine.In 1901, he flew the half hour his air vehicle on Eiffel Tower, a competition held in Paris.

Aviation History 1.Process Period / 1903-1938

Wright Brothers flew the first time in North Carolina, December 17,1903, were adhering to the theory of aerodynamic sound.This airplane has two propellers.In the first test, Orville had flew just 12 seconds and logged to 37 meters. Wright Brothers produced a volant aircraft but they don’t know how it will fly. Gleen H.Curtis who was a Canadian aviator,made the first U.S. offical flight in 1908.

Wright Brohers

2 Aviation for People | Mehmet KIR - 2012

Louis Bleriot, who is a French aviator, is the first person to flew at English Channel in June 25,1909. Raymonde de Laroche was the first woman who used a heavier-than-air airplane,so she received pilot license as being a woman in the world.

The first airline service open cockpit and the aircraft began to be issued landing teams taildragger. Then the aircrafts which has landing gears were devoloped.

Aircrafts was used in the war. Firstly, Bulgaria used aircrafts

against Ottoman Empire during World War I.With World War II, producing aircrafts was developed. Many countries bought big and powered aircrafts to add their inventory. Although the civil air

transportation started in 1903 with the civil purpose , aviation has become a sector in field military due to the political crises and wars in the early 20th century. World countries took advantage from from aviation in the wars.

Commercial Air Transportation and Aviation industry starts with the American Postal

Service. British Airways, KLM , Sabena and Air France is the first airlines companies in Europe. The first convention was prepared in 1919 held in Paris. This has to be under the rules of the international aviation activities after the convention. The first international passenger transport has started in 1919 between London and Paris. The first airport built in this term. The first passenger plane with 22 passengers capacity DC-3. It is made of metal, and this aircraft range 900 miles long and stretches from the period. Process stage remained limited to transport mail.The brink of the Second World War, 1938 late interest with air transport activities slowed and this period has ended.

2.Growing Period / 1938-1958 Aircrafts which designed in growing term, was long-range , the big load capacities and

more safer because Second World War was the war that to be intercontinental and orient aviation sector.

In this term, navigation system were developed such as DME and VOR. The growing

period ended with the first jet-powered aircraft to enter service. 3.Maturity Period / 1958-1978 In 1969, the first wide-body aircrafts ,which is Boeing B-747 has 550 passenger seats,

was produced. With the using wide-body aircrafts, marketing and costing problem was started. The air transportation was more developed with improving technical skills. The maturity period ended with USA opened their inside air space.

Deregulation Period is the final period in aviation history.

Louis Bleriot is the first person to flew at English Channel.

3 Aviation is not a dream for Turkey | Mehmet KIR - 2012

Aviation is not a dream for Turkey

Flying at the sky is a passion for Turkish people.When the world met the aviation, There

was no energy of the sky facing the people of Anatolia. People of Anatolia was unable to fathom

the propeller object which flies upper of their because of collapsed an empire,wars and

nonexistence. That’s why this people called it as “Tayyare” ,that is “iron bird” as a Turkish

meaning. Whereas this iron bird would irrevocable of the life when the war return the peace.

Firstly, Ottoman Empire was tailing the development of aviation.

4 Aviation is not a dream for Turkey | Mehmet KIR - 2012

In 1912, It was established

two hangars and small aerodrome

in Yesilkoy,Istanbul without having

an aircraft. We can be see more

important development after

founded Turkish Republic.

According to Mustafa Kemal

Atatürk, who is founder of Turkish

Republic, this iron bird should

uncage.In 1925, Turkish

Aeronautical Association was

established in Turkey led by Atatürk. During the time, Aviation was very developed in the world

especially the United States and Europe,but this development was irregular. While the world was

flying irregularly, Turkey enacted the first aviation law in

September 9,1925.

When the world polarized in 1933, young the Turkish

Republic was developing yourself from day to day.The first air

transportation in Turkey was started with “Türk Hava Postaları” -

has 5 aircrafts- in order to transport news and

announcement.Then, this cooperation turned to “General

Directorate of State Aiports Authority/ Devlet Havayolları İşletmesi”

.

In 1936, Nuri Demirağ who is

a strong business man in Republic

time, established an aircraft factory in

Istanbul. He also built an aerodrome

like Amsterdam Airport. It was

necessary to set up an Aviation school for to educate new pilots,so

Gök Okulu was founded. 290 pilots were graduated from

this school in a decade. In 1956, Turkish Airlines was

founded. It has 60 million Turkish Liras when the company was established.Then, Turkish

aviation development were decreased. The government invested the building new road and

railways. But, Turkey did not neglect aviation because Cyprus dispute was started. In 1984,

Lütfü Renda who is an entrepreneur, founded Istanbul Airlines. In 1998, this company was a big

particular partnership in Airlines business sector in Turkey.

Today, Turkish Aviation sector is devoloping from time to time. Building new airports and

new airlines company support by government. Turkish Airlines is still big airlines company in

Turkey. This company is a sponsor in many sporting activities such as football,basketball and

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk who is founder of Turkish Republic

Nuri Demirağ

5 / | Mehmet KIR - 2012

tennis.Turkish Airlines is a main sponsor football teams as Barcelona F.C. and Manchester United

in Europe.