AutismAutism SpectrumSpectrum Disorder Disorder

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The 5 typesOf ASD Fact or Myth

Medical and Behavioural Diagnosis

Teaching Strategies

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AutismAutism

• Common in ~5 in 10,000 CanadiansCommon in ~5 in 10,000 Canadians• Mild to severe impairments in social Mild to severe impairments in social interaction and understandinginteraction and understanding• Restricted and repetitive activities and Restricted and repetitive activities and interestsinterests• Language and cognitive development not Language and cognitive development not delayeddelayed• Deficits in communicationDeficits in communication

What is Asperger’s What is Asperger’s Syndrome?Syndrome?

• Common in ~15 in 10,000 Common in ~15 in 10,000 CanadiansCanadians• Also called atypical autismAlso called atypical autism•Severe and pervasive impairment inSevere and pervasive impairment in some areas such as reciprocal some areas such as reciprocal social interaction, or restricted social interaction, or restricted activities and interests but the strict activities and interests but the strict criteria for autistic disorder are not metcriteria for autistic disorder are not met

What is PWhat is Pervasive ervasive Developmental Disorder - Developmental Disorder -

(PDD-NOS)?(PDD-NOS)?

• It is the most common type (~20 in It is the most common type (~20 in 10,000)10,000)• Cognitive impairmentCognitive impairment• Deficits in verbal and non-verbal Deficits in verbal and non-verbal communicationcommunication• Deficits in social understandingDeficits in social understanding• Unusual behaviours, restricted Unusual behaviours, restricted activitiesactivities

What is an Autistic What is an Autistic Disorder?Disorder?

• A developmental disorder found almost A developmental disorder found almost exclusively in girls exclusively in girls • Symptoms appear after six to eighteen months of Symptoms appear after six to eighteen months of life, when there is a slowing down or stagnation life, when there is a slowing down or stagnation of skillsof skills•Often misdiagnosed as autism or cerebral palsyOften misdiagnosed as autism or cerebral palsy•Affects: cognitive, sensory, emotional, motor and Affects: cognitive, sensory, emotional, motor and autonomic function. autonomic function. •Can affect learning, speech and communication, Can affect learning, speech and communication, sensory sensations, mood, movement, breathing, sensory sensations, mood, movement, breathing, cardiac function and psycho-motor skillscardiac function and psycho-motor skills

What is What is Rett's Disorder Rett's Disorder (RD)?(RD)?

What is What is Childhood Childhood Disintegrative Disorder Disintegrative Disorder

(CDD)(CDD)??

• Very rare only ~0.2 in 10,000 CanadiansVery rare only ~0.2 in 10,000 Canadians• Losses in social behaviour, language, Losses in social behaviour, language, play and adaptive behaviour play and adaptive behaviour • Occurs after 3 years of age Occurs after 3 years of age • Severe deficits in cognitive abilitySevere deficits in cognitive ability

Childhood Disintegrative Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) is the most Disorder (CDD) is the most

common type of ASD?common type of ASD?

Myth.Myth.

It is the very rare. It is the very rare.

Only ~Only ~0.2 in 10,000 Canadians 0.2 in 10,000 Canadians are diagnosed with this disorder.are diagnosed with this disorder.

DAILY DAILY DOUBLEDOUBLE

Girls are more likely to be diagnosed with Rett’s Disorder.

Fact!Fact!A developmental disorder found almost A developmental disorder found almost exclusively in girls.exclusively in girls.

Approximately 1 in 10,000 female births.Approximately 1 in 10,000 female births.

There are 4 types of ASD.

MythMythThere are 5 types of ASD. There are 5 types of ASD.

1.1.Autistic Disorder (AD)Autistic Disorder (AD)2.2.Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)3.3.Asperger's Syndrome (AS)Asperger's Syndrome (AS)4.4.Rett's Disorder (RD)Rett's Disorder (RD)5.5.Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)

MythMyth

Myth or Fact:Myth or Fact:Numerous studies have credited the

popular belief that vaccines are associated with ASDs, and there is

evidence that children with ASDs have increased mercury concentrations

• Challenges with social skill development• Hearing and speech deficits• Intense attachments to specific objects,

activities or people• Difficulties with transition periods• Other intellectual disabilities may be

present

What are symptoms of ASD?What are symptoms of ASD?

Myth.Myth.

It is a disorder that will stay It is a disorder that will stay with an individual their entire with an individual their entire

life. life.

ASD is not a lifetime disorder ASD is not a lifetime disorder and disappears after and disappears after

childhood. childhood.

Physicians are (naturally) to Physicians are (naturally) to follow this criteria for diagnosing follow this criteria for diagnosing

ASDs.ASDs.

What is the DSM IV criteria?What is the DSM IV criteria?

This group consists of the classroom teacher, administration, school special

education services alongside psychologists, hearing and voice specialists and other medical professionals. Together they

develop the student’s IEP.

What is the SBT? What is the SBT?

What is behavioral screening?What is behavioral screening?

CHAT and MCHAT are the most common.

A type of visual support where students are able to see what is expected in a task by being provided with visual examples and demonstrations of how tasks are performed.

What is Passive Modeling?What is Passive Modeling?

What is differentiated What is differentiated learning?learning?

Teachers can effectively respond to a learner’s needs and strengths through the use of altered instruction. Teachers should consider adaptations to the curriculum, instruction, or expectations that may be required according to a student’s readiness, interests, and learning profile.

This type of supports are one of the most widely recommended strategies for teaching students with ASD, as they usually process this type of information more efficiently and effectively than information that is presented verbally.

What are visual supports What are visual supports ??

Students with ASD need to know what is expected of them in specific situations, to assist them in anticipating what comes next, and to learn and generalize a variety of skills.Rules and expectations should be clear and consistent and include specific information regarding the expectations for appropriate behaviour.

What is a structured learning What is a structured learning environmentenvironment??

This type of visual support allows students with ASD to watch the instructional sequence over and over.

What is video modeling?What is video modeling?