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chapter

7

Facility Systems

7

Facility Systems

chapter

Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning

• Ventilation helps produce better air quality through extracting older air and replacing it with new air. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends 8 to 12 air exchanges per hour in a gymnasium, which can be accomplished with several large ceiling exhaust fans.

• Heating• Cooling

Air Quality

Factors that influence indoor air quality (IAQ):• External variables: climate, water infiltration, and

ventilation and infiltration of outdoor air• Building and HVAC-related concerns: building

design, structural materials, and HVAC design, operations, and materials

• Internal variables: interior design, building materials (paints, sealants, adhesives, carpets), furnishings, equipment, occupant activities, pest management, cleaning agents, and any internal construction or renovation

Energy Systems

• Where does energy come from for lighting and heating?

• How does energy reach the facility?• Which types of sport facilities might be able

to generate some of their own power?

Lighting Systems

• Lighting is judged based on foot-candles, which represents the amount of light produced by a lighting system.

• Initial foot-candles relates to the amount of light produced with a new system.

• Maintained foot-candles is the level needed to compensate for inevitable loss of light due to an aging light system.

Plumbing

• Wastewater systems: basic plumbing systems for toilets, faucets, sprinklers, showers, and water fountains

• Fire-suppression system• Laundry system

Interior Systems

Audiovisual systems:• Scoreboards• Sound• Lights• Broadcasting• Data

Exterior Systems

• Roofs: protection and drainage• Building and grounds: landscaping

strategies• Transportation

– Vehicles– Escalators and elevators

• Parking

Combined Interior and Exterior Systems

• Security systems– Biometrics and access control– CCTV

• Pest control: facility design to avoid sprays and chemicals

• Waste management: where should trash cans be placed?

Summary

• Facilities are composed of numerous systems that help the facility operate and provide comfort and convenience to those in the facility.

• Everything (HVAC, plumbing systems, lights, scoreboards, and escalators) needs to be built, installed, and managed effectively.

Discussion Questions and Activities

• Which system do you think is the most important for a sport facility?

• How would you manage a facility and handle a crisis if one of the major systems was not working during an event?

• Walk through a sport facility and identify all the systems and try to trace the system through the facility (i.e., see where it starts in the facility and how it travels through the facility).