august glyphs 63(2) elec color · committee (suzanne crawford, chris lange, david mclean, lynn...

GLYPHSThe Monthly Newsletter of the

Arizona Archaeological and Historical SocietyAn Affiliate of the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona

Founded in 1916

Tucson, ArizonaVol. 63, No. 2 August 2012

Next General Meeting: September 17, 20127:30 p.m., Duval Auditorium, University Medical Center

www.az-arch-and-hist.org

HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE

President’s Message .................................................................................................... 2Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society 2012 Awards .............................. 6Marcia Lyn Donaldson, May 5, 1953—June 18, 2012 ............................................ 11The Cornerstone ......................................................................................................... 13

First Pecos Conference, August 29, 1927: Participants (Photo Lot 33:Groups: Pecos Conference 02873700, National Anthropological Ar-chives, Smithsonian Institution)

Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of . . . . . . The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE

Page 3

AAHS LECTURE SERIES

All meetings are held at the University Medical Center, Duval AuditoriumThird Monday of the month, 7:30–9:00 p.m.

Aug. 20, 2012: No lecture, Pecos ConferenceSept. 17, 2012: Patricia A. Gilman, What is the Meaning of Mimbres Art?Oct. 15, 2012: Paul Reed, Chacoan Immigration and Influence in the Middle

San JuanNov. 19, 2012: Joshua D. Reuther and Ben Potter, Upward Sun River Site:

Climate Change, Geoarchaeology, and Human Land Use in IceAge Alaska

Dec. 17, 2012: Jesse Ballenger, Effluent Hunters: Conservation and Research atthe Murray Springs Clovis Site [Note: This lecture will beheld at ASM in conjunction with a holiday party/silentauction.]

On the 6th of July I at- tended a family wed-ding rehearsal in Missoula,

Montana. The dinner wasserved on the front lawn of the

Worden House, celebrated as the old-est residence in town and listed onthe National Register of HistoricPlaces. Francis L. Worden arrived inMontana in 1860, to establish a trad-ing post, and later, in 1874, he be-came a partner in the Missoula MillsCompany. He built his Folk Gothicstyle home the same year, where heand his wife, Lucretia, raised sevenchildren. A native of Vermont, Wor-den planted maple trees in his yardand along the road. I found this alittle peculiar, because the WordenHouse is located on East Pine Street,but my dinner companion assuredme that they were probably just try-ing to be ironic.

The food manager at No Ancho-vies in Tucson, Arizona, now an in-law of mine, recommended that I seethe photograph of a Missoula publiclocated inside the house. Soonenough, the bride was reluctantlyshowing me a framed photographdiscretely kept in a large cabinet andexplaining that the dates were merelya coincidence, because the writing onthe margin of the photo indicated thesmall figure hanging before a large

crowd was executed on July 7, 1936.Having no reason to suspect that sheplanned her wedding around an ex-ecution, I nodded and looked closerat the name written on the photo:William Clarence Cates.

I wondered what Mr. Cates haddone to have his final photographhidden in a cabinet at the WordenHouse on East Pine Street nearly 76years later, so I Googled him. Will-iam Clarence Cates, a convicted boot-legger, was charged in 1933, withmurdering Paul Albro Read, the 21st

Federal Prohibition officer to be “in-tentionally” shot in the line of duty.Cates maintained that Read wascrooked and that he fired in self-de-fense. Agent Read died before hecould provide a full account of whathappened, but stated that he did notbelieve Cates had the nerve to shoothim. However, the most surprisingfact about Mr. Cates’ execution wasthat it apparently never happened!

William Cates benefited fromnine stays of execution and was even-tually paroled in 1957. He returnedto Missoula, where he worked as acabinet maker until his death in1972. William Clarence Cates, pos-sible murderer and practical joker, isburied in St. Mary’s Catholic Cem-etery in Missoula.

—Jesse Ballenger, President

Follow AAHS on Facebook at: www.facebook.com/pages/Tucson-AZ/Arizona-Archaeological-and-Historical-Society

PECOS CONFERENCE 2012 ROCK SWAP

The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society will host an impromptu“rock swap” at our vendor table at the 2012 Pecos Conference in Pecos,

New Mexico. The purpose of the rock swap is to facilitate the identificationand exchange of raw materials among researchers working in the Southwest.Preference is given to knappable materials, such as chert, rhyolite, obsidian,and so forth, but all contributions are welcome.Pecos Conference attendees can participate in the rock swap for no cost, butraw material contributions are encouraged. Please identify the rock type,geological unit name, provenance, and your name for all rock contributions.To minimize the need for on-site reduction, large nodules should be brokeninto multiple pieces in advance. AAHS strongly discourages the collection ofauthentic artifacts for raw material reference collections, and none will beincluded in the AAHS rock swap. If you have questions please email JesseBallenger at [email protected].

GLYPHS: Information and articles to be included in Glyphs must be re-ceived by the 10th of each month for inclusion in the next month’s issue.Contact me, Emilee Mead, at [email protected] or 520.881.2244 (phone),520.909.3662 (cell), 520.881.0325 (FAX).

Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of . . . . . . The Arizona Archaeological and Historical SocietyPage 4 Page 5

2012 PECOS CONFERENCE!

The 2012 Pecos Conference of Southwestern Archaeology will be heldat Pecos National Historical Park, Pecos, New Mexico, August 9–12. Join

us for the 85th anniversary! Early registration is now open. Registration forms,a preliminary schedule, conference location, accommodations, and other in-formation about the conference are available online at www.swanet.org/2012_pecos_conference/index.html.Each August, archaeologists gather under open skies. They set up a large tentfor shade, and spend three or more days together discussing recent researchand the problems of thefield and challenges of theprofession. In recent years,Native Americans, avoca-tional archaeologists, thegeneral public, and mediaorganizations have come tospeak with the archaeolo-gists. These individualsand groups play an increas-ingly important role, as par-ticipants and as audience,helping professional ar-chaeologists celebrate ar-chaeological research andto mark cultural continuity.First inspired and orga-nized by A. V. Kidder in1927 (see cover photo-graph), the Pecos Confer-ence has no formal organi-zation or permanent lead-ership. Somehow, profes-sional archaeologists find ways to organize themselves to meet at a new confer-ence location each summer, mostly because they understand the problems ofworking in isolation in the field and the importance of direct face time withcolleagues. The conference is open to all who are interested.The 2012 Pecos Conference is sponsored by Pecos National Historical Park,Friends of Pecos NHP, Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, School for Ad-vanced Research, New Mexico State Historic Preservation Office, and theWestern National Parks Association.

ALWIN J. GIRDNER’S DINÉ TAH WINS

2012 EVANS HANDCART AWARD

TUCSON, AZ (July 1, 2012) Rio Nuevo Publishers is delighted to announcethat Diné Tah: My Reservation Days 1923-1939, by Alwin J. Girdner, has wonthe 2012 Evans Handcart Award for biography.

This prize honors “outstanding writing by a new or emerging author aboutthe people who have helped to shape the growth and character of the interiorWest.”

It is administered by the Mountain West Center for Regional Studies atUtah State University and will be awarded in September.

In making the award, the jury wrote: “This work is a lovely memoir withsuch a nice tone showing a love and respect for all people and groups men-tioned.” Along with praise for Girdner’s deeply knowledgeable narrative andpreviously unpublished, historic photographs, they also noted: “It is a bookwith a lot of original stories that can be mined later by scholars.”

Based in Tucson, Arizona, Rio Nuevo Publishers produces regional adultnonfiction, as well as children’s books under the Rio Chico imprint.

Contact: Susan Lowell Humphreys, Publisher, at [email protected],or Suzan Glosser, Sales and Marketing, at [email protected].

Rio Nuevo Publishers, 451 N. Bonita Ave., Tucson, Arizona 85745520.623.9558, www.rionuevo.com

An AAHS book review is available online at www.az-arch-and-hist.org/publications/book-reviews/

FIELD TRIP PREVIEW

Plans are well underway for next season’s field trips. The AAHS Field TripCommittee (Suzanne Crawford, Chris Lange, David McLean, Lynn Ratener,and Katherine Cerino) have outlined a full season. The season will startwith Basketry Treasured in September (see separate notice). Trips that arepresently confirmed include petroglyphs in the Gila Bend area with Ellaand Roy Pierpoint (November 3–4, 2012), a tour of the historic Prison Campon Mt. Lemmon with Roger Mersiowsky (December), the Honey Bee Villagesite with Henry Wallace (April), and a trip to Kinishba and Fort Apachewith John Welch (May). Please check the website frequently for updates andsign-up opportunities. Remember, AAHS field trips are generally limited to20 people, and you must be a member to participate.


The 2012 Byron S. Cummings Award for OutstandingContributions in Archaeology, Anthropology, or EthnologyPresented to: Dr. Richard Flint and Shirley Cushing Flint

ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGICAL & HISTORICALSOCIETY 2012 AWARDS

DR. RICHARD FLINT AND SHIRLEY CUSHING FLINT

Historians would be hard pressedto find two scholars who havemade as many substantial contri-butions to the field of SpanishBorderlands studies through themedium of documentary historythan Dr. Richard Flint and ShirleyCushing Flint. Their efforts touncover all documents related tothe Coronado expedition reflect anexhaustive approach to archivalresearch. Very few scholars ofSpanish North America haveconducted such careful andrigorous research in European,Mexican, and U.S. archives, with aneye toward reconstructing thehistory and broader significance ofCoronado’s trek through northernMexico and the southwesternUnited States.

Further, the Flints’ interdiscipli-nary sensibilities attract scholarsfrom other fields whose researchand methodologies flesh out theCoronado expedition well beyondthe written record, leaving studentsand the scholarly public with amore nuanced understanding of

cross-cultural contact in the earlymodern world. Richard and Shirleythemselves have participated inarchaeological research in Arizona,New Mexico, and Texas, as part oftheir life-long quest to recover andinterpret Coronado’s entrada intowhat we now call the AmericanSouthwest.

The Flints have been leading thefield in groundbreaking documen-tary research on the Coronadoexpedition for the last 25 years.They both hold Master’s degreesfrom New Mexico HighlandsUniversity in Las Vegas, NewMexico. Richard also earned aPh.D. in Latin American andWestern United States History fromthe University of New Mexico. Bothare currently Research Associatesat the University of New Mexico’sLatin American and IberianInstitute, and at ArchaeologySouthwest, in Tucson.

Together, they have directed twomajor conferences on the Coronadoexpedition, one in 1992, and themost recent in 2000. Those confer-

ences resulted in the location andidentification of the Jimmy Owenssite near Lubbock, Texas, a 1541campsite of the Coronado expedi-tion. Separately and in collabora-tion, the Flints have published sixbooks and several articles.

The Flints’ magnum opus isDocuments of the Coronado Expedi-tion, 1539-1542: “They Were NotFamiliar with His Majesty, Nor DidThey Wish to Be His Subjects,”published in 2005, by SouthernMethodist University Press. It is thefirst annotated, dual-languageedition of 34 original documentsfrom the Coronado expedition.Using the latest historical, archaeo-logical, geographical, and linguisticresearch, the Flints make availableto the scholarly and general publicsaccurate transcriptions and modernEnglish translations of the docu-ments, including seven never beforepublished and seven others neverbefore available in English.

The broader goal of this docu-mentary history is to expandcurrent knowledge of individualmembers of the expedition and theNative Americans encounteredalong the way, as well as under-standing the events, motivations,and outcomes of the expedition andSpain’s century of reconnaissanceand conquest in general.

Currently exploring archives inSpain, Mexico, Guatemala, Ecua-dor, and Peru, the Flints are seekingpreviously unstudied documentsrelated to the Coronado expedition.When completed, this project willexponentially increase what isknown about the more than 2,000people who comprised the expedi-tion. The Flints are tireless in theirscholarly contributions, and we arebetter informed because of theirefforts. Their colleagues in history,archaeology, geography, and otherfields are better scholars because ofthe methodologies the Flints use.

The 2012 Victor R. Stoner Award for OutstandingContributions to Public Archaeology or Historic Preservation

Presented to: G. Donald Kucera and Lyle M. Stone

G. DONALD KUCERA

G. Donald Kucera was born inChicago, Illinois, worked forChrysler Missile Corporation, nearDetroit, Michigan, and BendixCorporation, in Ann Arbor, and hasbeen a resident of Tucson for 45

years. Don came to Tucson to workat Kitt Peak National Observatory(National Optical AstronomyObservatory) and, after 30 years,

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retired as Senior EngineeringTechnical Associate.

He is a member of, and a volun-teer for, many preservation- andconservation-related organizationsand has been a leader in many ofthem, including the AmerindFoundation, Archaeology South-west (formerly the Center for DesertArchaeology), Arizona NativePlants Society, Arizona-SonoraDesert Museum, SouthwesternMission Research Center, SpanishColonial Arts Society, Archaeologi-cal Conservancy, and WesternNational Parks Association.

His many service posts haveincluded Chairman of the MichiganSection of the Great Lakes Chapterof the Sierra Club, co-founder of theRincon Chapter of the Sierra Club,Assistant Director of the TucsonAudubon Society’s Desert EcologyInstitute, member of the TucsonAudubon Society’s ConservationCommittee, member of the ArizonaGovernor’s Archaeology AdvisoryCommission, and volunteer for theArizona State Museum, the ArizonaState Historic Preservation Office(Arch-Expo), and the MaranaHeritage Conservancy.

A long-time member of theArizona Archaeological andHistorical Society (AAHS), Don hasserved the organization in manycapacities, including Vice Presidentfor Activities and founder of theChiricahua Study Group. In 1998and again in 2001, AAHS gratefully

recognized his contributions withthe Society’s Appreciation Award.

A passionate interest in theSpanish Colonial period in theAmericas and a strong desire toshare knowledge of this time withthe people of Arizona led Don tospend eight years as a member ofLa Gente del Presidio, the TucsonPresidio Trust for HistoricPreservation’s Spanish Colonialliving history program. For fiveyears, he worked with LosTubaqueños, the Spanish Colonialliving history program at the TubacPresidio State Historic Park.

In 1997, the Arizona Governor’sOffice celebrated his efforts withLos Tubaqueños by presenting hima “Spirit of Excellence” award forpublic volunteerism. Don is alsothe founder and Coordinator ofSpanish Colonial history programsat the Tucson Museum of Art andHistoric Block and a formermember of the Tucson PresidioTrust for Historical Preservation’sBoard of Directors.

Since 1990, Don has been a VIP(a member of the Volunteers inParks program) with the NationalPark Service. During this period, hehas been a driving force in theestablishment and interpretation ofthe Juan Bautista de Anza NationalHistoric Trail in Arizona. He hasbeen the Anza Trail Coalition ofArizona (ATCA) Coordinator forPima County since 1990, wasPresident of ATCA for three years,and is currently an ATCA stateboard member and Vice President

for Interpretation. In 2003, theNational Park Service presentedhim with an award “For Outstand-ing Contributions to the JuanBautista de Anza National HistoricTrial.” In recognition of all thesethings and more, the Governor’sArchaeology Advisory Commission

LYLE M. STONE

honored him with its 2005 Awardin Public Archaeology (AvocationalArchaeologist Category).

In the same spirit, AAHS ispleased to present G. DonaldKucera its 2012 Victor StonerAward.

Dr. Lyle M. Stone’s anthropologyeducation prepared him for hisfuture accomplishments: a B.A.from the University of Nebraska(1963), graduate experience atArizona State University, and M.A.(1968) and Ph.D. (1970) degreesfrom Michigan State University.Research and employment associ-ated with his academic programsset him on a pathway of service andscholarship that has benefittedarchaeologists, historians, and thepublic alike. The Victor StonerAward honors Lyle Stone forpromoting public awareness of andappreciation for historical archae-ology throughout his career.

Following undergraduate workin Nebraska and Kansas, Dr. Stoneparticipated in Arizona archaeol-ogy but elected to pursue his Ph.D.on the historical archaeology ofMichigan, in conjunction withwork being conducted by stateagencies and with public interpre-tation and visitation as ultimategoals. During his dissertation workat eighteenth century Fort

Michilimackinac, he established aset of public-oriented practices thathe continued throughout hisprofessional life. He involveduniversity students and members ofMichigan Archaeological Societychapters, published extensively tofoster professional and publicunderstanding of his results,presented public lectures, andinvited site visits while excavationswere underway. While in Michi-gan, in 1967, he helped found theSociety for Historical Archaeology(SHA). He later served as bookreview editor for its journal, a boardmember, and was elected SHApresident in 1980.

Dr. Stone is a pioneer in South-west cultural resource manage-ment. He returned to Arizona in1974 and established the state’sfirst private archaeological consult-ing firm, Archaeological ResearchServices, Inc. (ARS), with his wifeBetsy Stone as managerial collabo-rator. Over the next 33 years, ARS

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conducted 2,690 archaeological andhistoric projects, adding substan-tially to the region’s scholarlyliterature. At a time when investiga-tions focused overwhelmingly onprehispanic remains, Lyle Stone ledthe way in bringing attention to theU.S. Southwest’s rich record ofhistorical archaeology, recognizingthat its extant buildings, theirrestoration potential, and the inter-pretive relevance of these of traces ofthe more recent past attract broadaudiences and are particularlyconducive to public engagement inpreservation initiatives.

ARS clients were often Arizonacommunities. For example, investiga-tions for the City of Yuma includedthe Yuma Quartermaster Depot,Yuma Territorial Prison, Yumacommunity waterworks, and theSouthern Pacific Railroad DepotHotel and tracks. ARS also con-ducted research on nineteenth-century Fort Yuma, on lands of theQuechan Tribe of the Fort YumaIndian Reservation, in California.

Other projects targeted the histori-cal archaeology of such Arizonamunicipalities as Winslow, Tempe,Phoenix, Jerome, and Prescott.

Lyle Stone’s distinguishedpublic service in the interests ofSouthwestern archaeology andhistory reflects his colleagues’regard for his expertise. For 12years, he was a member of theArizona Sites Review Committee ofthe Arizona Historical AdvisoryCommission, reviewing all nomi-nations to the National Register ofHistoric Places. He also served onthe State Historic PreservationOffice’s ad hoc Historical Archae-ology Committee, and for two termson the Executive Committee of theArizona Archaeological Council. In2006, he received the Governor’sHeritage Preservation HonorsGrand Award. The ArizonaArchaeological and HistoricalSociety is proud to present LyleStone the Victor Stoner Award inrecognition of his enduring ac-hievements in effectively connect-ing the profession of archaeologywith its public.

MARCIA LYN DONALDSON

MAY 5, 1953 – JUNE 18, 2012

It is with great sadness that we recognize the death of Marci Donaldson, wife of Bill Gillespie, and mother of Nathan and Ian. Many of us in Tucson came

to know Marci from her time at the National Park Services’s (NPS) WesternArcheological and Conservation Center (WACC), or when she worked at theArizona State Museum’s(ASM) Central Arizona ProjectRepository, where she eventu-ally became the head of the pro-gram responsible for curatingthe project’s collections, orfrom her efforts at the Bureauof Reclamation working withthe San Xavier District of theTohono O’odham Nation onthe modernization and expan-sion of the infrastructure of theSan Xavier Farm Coop.

But Marci’s fame extendswell beyond Tucson. Her pas-sion for travel and archaeology took her all over the world. In 1973, she wentto coastal Peru to work on the Chan Chan-Moche Valley project, where sheended up sorting botanical samples, learning much about archaeobotany, andtaking the opportunity to travel in Peru.

In 1983, she and Bill began working on the excavation project at Ain Ghazal,a major PrePottery Neolithic village site near Amman, Jordan. At Ain Ghazal,Marci uncovered a cache of lime-plaster anthropomorphic statues which, atabout 9,000 years in age, are among the earliest known in human history.Marci spent four field seasons at Ain Ghazal and one season with the ArizonaState University (ASU) Wadi Hasa Project in southern Jordan, working onLate Paleolithic sites.

In New Mexico, Marci spent several seasons doing fieldwork in the ChacoCanyon area, working for the NPS Chaco Project, the Navajo Nation, and theUniversity of New Mexico. Those projects included excavating at Pueblo Altoand at small sites in the Bis sa’ani community and on the Navajo IndianIrrigation Project. Single-handedly, Marci surveyed a 140-mile-long segmentfor the proposed Continental Divide pipeline in southwestern Colorado andnorthwestern New Mexico. Her archaeobotanical interests were expanded



UPCOMING AAHS FIELD TRIPS

AAHS membership is required to participate in field trips. Prospectivemembers may attend one AAHS field trip prior to joining.

Basketry Treasured Tour with ASM CuratorsSeptember 21, 2012

AAHS members will be given a special tour of the Basketry Treasured exhibitby Arizona State Museum curators Diane Dittemore and Mike Jacobs. Wewill be at 10:00 a.m. in the lobby of the museum. If you’re interested, pleasecontact David McLean at [email protected]. Tour limited to 20 people.


after she joined the staff of theCastetter Laboratory of Ethnobotanyat the University of New Mexico.

Marci’s academic experiences tookher to the 1975 Mesa Verde FieldSchool, run by Dr. David Breternitz.She subsequently worked in the labo-ratory until she graduated from theUniversity of Colorado with a B.A. inAnthropology. In 1980, she marriedBill Gillespie, whom she had met atthe Mesa Verde Field School. Whileattending graduate school at ASU,Marci worked on a number of projects,including extensive survey on theMogollon Rim for the Upper LittleColorado Planning Unit project. Marciachieved her Master’s degree in An-thropology in 1981, and completed allbut her dissertation at ASU.

While it may seem like her life was devoted to archaeology, her family andfriends were most important to her. Sons Nathan and Ian were born in 1986and 1989, respectively, and they were her pride and joy, collectively. Her pas-sion for travel was kept alive through vacations with friends and family toItaly, Oaxaca, and Hawaii, as well as throughout the Southwest.

In 1992, Marci was diagnosed with Stage 3 breast cancer. Surgery, chemo-therapy, and the support of family and friends helped her win the battle forseveral years, but the recurrence of cancer forced her retirement in 2010. Marcicontinued to stay as active as physically possible, and did so while maintain-ing a remarkably positive attitude. After retirement, she volunteered manyhours for Native Seeds/SEARCH in Tucson, and this is where donationsshould be sent in her honor: www.nativeseeds.org, or 520.622.0830.

THE CORNERSTONE

Human/environment interactions have a history as long as

the existence of our species on theplanet.

Hominid ancestors began pollut-ing their environment nearly 700,000years ago, with the control of fire, andhumans have not looked back since.

The modern phenomenon of glo-bal warming is very likely the directresult of human pollution and de-struction of the environment, saidJames Watson, a University of Ari-zona assistant professor in the Schoolof Anthropology.

Most scientists recognize the steepincrease in toxic gases, such as meth-ane, that have been released into theatmosphere as large quantities start-ing at the beginning of the IndustrialRevolution, Watson said.

By all appearances, the interac-tion between humans and the envi-ronment is mainly unidirectional—in which the environment continuesto deteriorate as global human popu-lations swell.

But Mother Nature does have hersay. Major natural disasters withinthe past decade have resulted in sig-nificant losses of human life andproperty and have directly affectedhow humans adapt and continue tolive in these areas.

Humans Have Love-Hate Relationship with theEnvironment

by James Watson, Arizona State Museum

Watson, also the assistant cura-tor of bioarchaeology at the ArizonaState Museum, has been conductingresearch in both the southern Ari-zona and northern Mexico regionsto better understand how humansand the environment in the SonoranDesert interacted in the past.

In particular, Watson’s researchfocuses on how humans have usedthe landscape to their advantage,and also how the landscape deter-mines how humans can use it, basedon the level of technological complex-ity available to them at the time.

Two chapters Watson recently co-authored were published in a vol-ume dedicated to “ReconstructingHuman-Landscape Interactions”from SpringerBriefs in Earth SystemsSciences.

The chapters describe how long-term environmental trends encour-age stable adaptations within localenvironments, but when climatechanges, it can be quick, and humangroups must adapt equally asquickly, resulting in confusing sig-natures in the archaeological record.

Watson’s recent research in north-ern Mexico describes how the earli-est village settlements in the Sono-

ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS FOR GLYPHS: If you have research or a fieldproject that would be interesting to Glyphs readers, please consider contrib-uting an article. Requirements are a maximum of 1,000 words, or 750 wordsand one illustration, or 500 words and two illustrations. Please send elec-tronic submissions to [email protected], or by mail to Jenny Adams, DesertArchaeology, Inc., 3975 N. Tucson Blvd., Tucson, Arizona 85716.




Officers President: Jesse Ballenger | [email protected] | 520.217.7083 Vice President for Activities: Katherine Cerino | [email protected] | 520.907.0884 Vice President for Membership: Michael Diehl | [email protected] | 520.881.2244 Recording Secretary: Donna Yoder | [email protected] Communications Officer: Jon Boyd | [email protected] Treasurer: George Harding | [email protected]

Directors Michael Boley Suzanne Crawford Ken Fleshman Todd Pitezel Ben Curry (Student Rep) Chance Copperstone John Douglass Janine Hernbrode Mary Prasciunas Patrick Lyons (ASM Rep)

Editors of Society Publications Kiva: James Snead, Acquisitions Editor | [email protected] | 818.677.3322 Glyphs: Emilee Mead | [email protected] | 520.881.2244

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Membership Categories $50 Kiva members receive four issues of the Society’s quarterly journal Kiva

and 12 issues of Glyphs $40 Glyphs members receive Glyphs $35 Student Kiva members receive both Kiva and Glyphs $75 Contributing members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits $120 Supporting members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits $300 Sponsoring members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits $1,000 Lifetime members receive Kiva, Glyphs, and all current benefits

Note: For memberships outside the U.S., please add $20. AAHS does not release membershipinformation to other organizations.

Institutional SubscriptionsFor institutional subscriptions to Kiva, contact Left Coast Press, Inc.,www.leftcoastpress.com, or 925.935.3380.For institutional subscriptions to Glyphs ($50), contact AAHS VP for Membership atthe address below.

You can join online at www.az-arch-and-hist.org, or by mailing the form below to: Michael Diehl, VP Membership Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Arizona State Museum, The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721-0026

AAHS MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION

Membership is open to anyone interested in the prehistory and history of Arizona andthe Southwest and who support the aims of the Society. Membership runs for a full

year from the date of receipt, and covers all individuals living in the same household.

Monthly meetings are free and open to the public. Society field trips require member-ship. Members may purchase an annual JSTOR subscription to Kiva back issues for

$20 through the AAHS website.

Name: ______________________________________________________ Phone :______________

Address: ____________________________________________________________________________

City: __________________________________ State: _____________ Zip: ________________

E-mail: __________________________________

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

2012-2013

ran Desert utilized the geomorpho-logical characteristics of local land-scapes to facilitate a sophisticatedform of irrigation agriculture. Theseindigenous technological advancesdate to nearly 3,000 years ago, andrepresent some of the earliest canalirrigation in North America.

“The story is really about indig-enous ingenuity and adaptation toclimate change,” Watson said.

“When climate ameliorated at thebeginning of the late Holocene anddomesticated crops like maize wereintroduced, we see a unique responseamong early village communities inthe Sonoran Desert through the de-velopment of irrigation systems.”

Watson’s research highlights theimportance of understanding the roleof humans in constructing environ-ments in the past and how environ-mental change—both long term andsmall scale—causes human popula-tions to react and alter their adaptivestrategies.

The results of the recently pub-lished studies indicate early farmersin the Sonoran Desert successfullyadapted to both large and small en-vironmental changes by employingdifferent technological strategies.

“Humans have been modifyingtheir environment since time imme-morial . . . it is simply a question ofscale,” Watson said.

Specific examples from the chap-ters he co-authors describe how earlyfarmers used the steep slope of theLa Playa site, located in northern So-

nora, to create constant water flowthrough an extensive irrigation net-work, which contributed to much ofthe soil deposition from 4,500 yearsago to about 2,000 years ago.

After that time, a major dryingtrend, and possibly drought condi-tions, contributed to major erosionevents and caused the reconfigura-tion of settlements throughout theregion.

This is identified at La Playa as aconcentrated layer of artifacts in thestratigraphy of the site, just below themodern ground surface, where theobjects had eroded out of their origi-nal contexts and spread around thesite by natural processes, such as ero-sion and water.

“The site is currently undergoingextensive erosion, the result of mod-ern environmental conditions andrecent historical processes,” Watsonsaid. “Whether it’s burning grass-lands to encourage certain plant spe-cies to grow, or creating artificial en-vironments by building large urbancenters, these are attempts to controlthe uncertainty inherent in living inthe natural world, and it backfireswhen fluctuations in climate causeenvironmental change.”

“Yet humans continue to adaptand consume natural resourcesfaster than they can be replenished.”


The Cornerstone is presented by:Darlene F. Lizarraga, Marketing Coordinator

Arizona State Museum, University of ArizonaP.O. Box 210026, Tucson, AZ 85721-0026Phone: 520.626.8381, FAX: 520.621.2976

[email protected]

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o en

cour

age

the

scie

ntifi

can

d le

gal g

athe

ring

of c

ultu

ral i

nfor

-m

atio

n an

d m

ater

ials

; to

publ

ish

the

resu

lts o

f ar

chae

olog

ical

, his

tori

cal,

and

ethn

ogra

phic

inv

estig

atio

ns; t

oai

d in

the

func

tions

and

pro

gram

s of

the

Ari

zona

Sta

te M

useu

m, U

nive

r-si

ty o

f Ari

zona

; and

to p

rovi

de e

du-

catio

nal

oppo

rtun

ities

thr

ough

lec

-tu

res,

fiel

d tr

ips,

and

oth

er a

ctiv

ities

.Se

e in

side

bac

k co

ver f

or in

form

atio

nab

out

the

Soci

ety’

s pr

ogra

ms

and

mem

bers

hip

and

subs

crip

tion

re-

quir

emen

ts.

RE

TUR

N S

ER

VIC

E R

EQ

UE

STE

D