LING 303

Phonology I

vw

Today…

[±ATR] continued…

– in vowels, and

– in consonants

[+ATR] vowels

[–ATR] vowels

American English

ɹuːm ‘room’ ɹʊt ‘root’

luːt ‘loot’ wʊd ‘wood’

huːf ‘hoof’ ɹʊk ‘rook’

zuːm ‘zoom’ sʊt ‘soot’

puːl ‘pool’ kʊd ‘could’

ɹuːt ‘root’ ɹʊf ‘roof’

kuːd ‘cooed’ hʊf ‘hoof’

wuːd ‘wooed’ ɹʊm ‘room’

suːt ‘suit’ pʊl ‘pull’

ɹuːf ‘roof’ gʊd ‘good’

1) u ː> υ, except between [+anterior]’s or [labial]’s

– Short: cook, hook, shook, rook, brook, crook, hookah

– Long: food, toot, moot, poop, stoop, loose, spoon, moose, moon, spoof, snooze, doom, boob, snoop)

2) u ː> υ even after [+anterior] or [labial]

– Short: took, nook, look, forsook, book, Wookie

– Variable: snook, snooker, stook, Sook, gadzooks, spook, boogie

– Long: bazooka

3) u ː> υ even before [+anterior] or (dialectally) [labial]

– Short: good, could, should, hood, foot, stood, soot

– Variable: rooster, hoodlum, cooper, roof, room, root, coop, proof

– Long: brood, shoot, groove, scoop, hoot, coot, behoove, roost

French mid vowels

[selɔ] 'we seal' [sɛl] 'they seal'

[sedɔ] 'we yield' [sedʁɔ] 'they will

[ʁeɲa] 'reigning' [ʁɛɲ] 'they reign'

[tete] 'to nurse' [tɛt] 'she nurses'

[so] 'stupid.m' [sɔt] 'stupid.f'

[devo] 'devout.m' [devɔt] 'devout.f'

[vø] 'wish' [vœl] 'they want'

[pø] 's/he can' [pœv] 'they can'

[ø] 'eggs' [œf] 'egg'

Canadian French

plozɪb ‘plausible’ tʊt ‘all’ (fem.)

by ‘goal’ vi ‘life’

kri ‘cry’ rʊt ‘route’

tu ‘all’ (masc.) vɪt ‘quickly’

sʊp ‘soup’ lu ‘wolf’

marɪn ‘marine’ lʏn ‘moon’

trʏf ‘truffle’ ry ‘street’

rʏd ‘rude’ ply ‘rained’

Canadian French

pɔzɪtsɪf positif pɔzitsivite positivité

pʁɪmɪtsɪf primitif pʁimitsivite primitivité

mʏzɪk musique myzisjε musicien

kɥɪzɪn cuisine kɥizine cuisiner

mɪnɪs ministre ministεːʁ ministère

abʏzɪf abusif

bɪsɪk bicycle

ʃʊkʁʊt choucroute

klɪnɪk clinique

kɔmʏnɪs communisme

kʊzɪn cousine

kʊtsʏm coutume

defɪnɪtsɪf définitif

dzɪfɪsɪl difficile

abɪtsʏd habitude

ɪnʏtɪl inutile

ʒʏʁɪdzɪk juridique

mɪnʏt minute

fɪlɪp Philippe

pɪlʏl pillule

pʏpɪt pupitre

skʁʏpʏl scrupule

sʊkʊp soucoupe

tʊʁɪs touriste

ʏnɪk unique

Wolof (Senegal)

do r-e ‘to hit with’ x l-ε ‘to look with’re r-e ‘to be lost in’ dεm-ε ‘to go with’gæn-e ‘to be better in’ x m-ε ‘to know in’do r-le ‘to help hit’ j x-lε ‘to help give’re r-le ‘to lose property’ dε -lε ‘to lose

a relative’yæg-le ‘to be better in’ t kk-lε ‘to help tie’

Wolof

re r-o n ‘was lost’ rε r- n ‘had dinner’ow-o n ‘came’ j x- n ‘gave’bægg-o n ‘wanted’ t kk- n ‘tied’

Wolof

le b-æl ‘to tell stories for’ bey- l ‘to cultivate for’

fo t-æl ‘to launder for’ w r- l ‘to fast for’

jænd-æl ‘to buy for’ w x- l ‘to speak for’

Wolof

genn-ændo ‘to go outtogether’

dεnd- nd ‘to be neighbors’

tox-ændo ‘to smoketogether’

t pp- nd ‘to imitate’

dækk-ændo ‘to livetogether’

w x- nd ‘to say together’

Akan (Ghana)

http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/appendix/languages/akan/akan.html

Akan

o-bis - ‘he asked’ b i s

[+atr][–atr]

‘to ask’

-k ri-i ‘he weighed’ k r i

[–atr][+atr]

‘to weigh’

[ATR] in consonants?

Arabic

– http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/appendix/languages/arabic/arabic.html

Palestinian Arabic

ballaː s ‘thief’

ħaðː ‘luck’

ʔabsat ‘simpler’

baː s ‘bus’

manaː fið ‘ashtrays’

xajːaː t ‘tailor’

naʃaː t ‘energy’

tamʃiːta ‘hair stylist’

ASSIGNMENT 2

is due today by midnight…